乳腺癌改良根治术中保留肋间臂神经的临床意义

目的 探讨保留肋间臂神经在乳腺癌改良根治术患者中的临床意义.方法 分析我科自2007年5月至2011年5月收治的Ⅰ、Ⅱ乳腺癌患者107例,其中完全保留肋间臂神经的56例,切除肋间臂神经的49例,术后对两组患者进行随访观察.结果 患肢感觉障碍发生率,两组比较差异具有显著性意义(P<0.05);局部复发率,两组比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05).结论 在乳腺癌改良根治术中保留肋间臂神经可明显减少患侧上臂内侧感觉障碍的发生.     

乳腺癌腋窝清扫术中保留肋间臂神经50例分析

目的:探讨乳腺癌改良根治术中保留肋间臂神经的可行性及必要性。方法:106例Ⅰ、Ⅱ、Ⅲa期乳腺癌改良根治术患者,随机分为两组:观察组(50例)行腋窝清扫术时保留肋间臂神经,对照组(56例)行腋窝清扫术时常规切除肋间臂神经,两组患者术后均按乳腺癌行规范化综合治疗,进行严密随访观察。结果:观察组术后32例患者无感觉方面上的变化,3例发生感觉麻木,2例上肢出现烧灼感,13例上肢出现感觉减退。而对照组术后7例患者出现腋窝无汗,19例发生感觉麻木,11例上肢出现烧灼感,13例上肢出现感觉减退。肋间臂神经保留组42例患者术后未发生患肢疼痛;而对照组51例患者术后发生患肢疼痛。两组上肢感觉变化及疼痛发生率比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论:乳腺癌改良根治术患者保留肋间臂神经可以明显减少术后患侧上肢感觉障碍和疼痛的发生,从而提高患者生活质量。     

乳腺癌根治术中保留肋间臂神经的临床意义

目的探讨乳腺癌根治术保留肋间臂神经的临床意义。方法 2003～2009年在68例根治术和改良根治术中保留肋间臂神经,对照组22例切除肋间臂神经,术后对两组患者进行观察并随访。结果保留肋间臂神经试验组68例术后发生上肢感觉障碍5例(7.3%),而对照组22例有上肢感觉障碍14例(63.6%),两组比较差异有显著性意义(χ~2=34.69,P0.01);随访1～5年90例均未见局部复发。结论在乳腺癌根治术中保留肋间臂神经是可行的,可明显减少术后患侧上肢感觉障碍,有利于改善患者术后的生活质量。     

乳腺癌改良根治术中解剖肋间臂神经的临床价值

目的探讨乳腺癌改良根治术解剖肋间臂神经的临床价值。方法乳腺癌改良根治术的乳腺癌患者109例,其中术中解剖保留肋间臂神经63例为观察组,术中未解剖直接切除肋间臂神经46例为对照组。观察两组术后上臂内侧感觉功能、术后复发、手术时间、手术出血量及腋窝淋巴结清扫数。结果观察组术后发生患侧腋部及上臂内侧感觉异常9例（14.3%）,对照组为38例（82.6%）,两组比较差异有统计学意义（P〈0.05）,两组术后肿瘤复发率、手术时间、出血量、腋窝清扫淋巴结数比较差异均无统计学意义（P〉0.05）。结论乳腺癌改良根治术中保留肋间臂神经可明显减少患者术后上肢感觉障碍发生率。     

保留肋间臂神经的乳腺癌改良根治术临床观察

目的 探讨在Ⅰ、Ⅱ期乳腺癌改良根治术中保留肋间臂神经的方法 和临床意义.方法 98例Ⅰ、Ⅱ期乳腺癌行改良根治术,保留肋间臂神经74例,切除24例,术后对患者进行随访观察.结果 保留肋间臂神经74例中,术后患者上臂内侧及腋部皮肤感觉正常69例(93.24%)、感觉异常5例(6.74%);切除肋间臂神经24例有23例出现感觉异常(95.83%),2组比较差异有统计学意义(X2=27.71,P＜0.01).随访12～28月,98例均无肿瘤局部复发.结论 在乳腺癌改良根治术中,保留肋间臂神经是可行的,能够有效地防止患侧腋窝及上肢皮肤感觉障碍的发生,改善患者术后生活质量,具有一定临床价值.     

乳腺癌改良根治术中保留肋间臂神经的临床应用及意义

目的 探讨在乳腺癌改良根治术中保留肋间臂神经的临床意义.方法 选择2010年1月~2011年5月本科室乳腺癌改良根治术的乳腺癌患者53例,随机分为观察组(27例)和对照组(26例).前者术时保留肋间臂神经,后者术中切除肋间臂神经.术后对两组上臂内侧感觉功能进行随访观察.结果 观察组术后3例有上臂感觉方面变化,而切除组术后16例发生感觉异常.两组比较,患侧上臂感觉异常发生率差异有统计学意义(P<0.005).全部病例随访3～24个月无局部复发.结论 保留肋间臂神经能明显减少乳癌患者术后上肢感觉障碍的发生率,从而提高患者术后生活质量.     

乳腺癌改良根治术中保留肋间臂神经的临床效果评价

目的：探讨乳腺癌改良根治术中保留肋间臂神经的临床效果。方法：选取2015年4月—2017年4月在南通市肿瘤医院收治的80例接受乳腺癌改良根治术的患者为研究对象，分为观察组和对照组，各40例，对照组给予不保留肋间臂神经的乳腺癌改良根治术，观察组给予保留肋间臂神经的乳腺癌改良根治术，比较两组的临床治疗效果。结果：两组手术顺利，并随访1年。两组患者术中出血量、手术时间和淋巴结清扫个数比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。两组术后1年在上肢感觉障碍和上肢疼痛发生率方面差异均有统计学意义(均P<0.05)。结论：乳腺癌改良根治术保留肋间臂神经不影响手术疗效，可有效减少上肢感觉障碍和疼痛的发生，有助于提高患者生活质量。     

保留肋间臂神经的乳腺癌改良根治术临床疗效观察

目的探讨保留肋间臂神经（ICBN）的乳腺癌改良根治术中的临床疗效。方法回顾性分析148例乳腺癌改良根治术患者的资料。88例术中保留ICBN为实验组,60例切除ICBN为对照组。对比2组上臂内侧感觉功能。结果实验组术后l、3、12个月上肢感觉障碍发生率明显低于对照组,P〈0.05;2组局部复发率无显著差异（P〉0.05）。结论保留肋间臂神经的乳腺癌改良根治术可以明显减少术后患侧上肢感觉障碍发生率且不增加术后复发率。     

乳腺癌改良根治术中保留肋间臂神经的临床意义

目的研究在乳腺癌改良根治术中保留肋间臂神经的临床价值。方法将我院2003年9月至2009年9月行改良根治术的Ⅰ、Ⅱ期乳腺癌患者61例分为保留肋间臂神经组（实验组）37例及切除肋间臂神经组（对照组）24例,术后测试患者患侧上臂内后侧及腋部的皮肤感觉功能变化。结果实验组患者术后感觉障碍发生率约16.2%,对照组约75%,差异有统计学意义,而两组术后并发症及局部复发无明显差别。结论对Ⅰ、Ⅱ期乳腺癌患者行改良根治术时术中保留肋间臂神经可显著减少术后患者患侧上臂内后侧及腋部皮肤感觉障碍,且手术并发症及术后局部复发无明显差别。     

乳腺癌改良根治术中保留肋间臂神经的临床观察

目的探讨乳腺癌改良根治术中保留肋间臂神经的临床意义。方法在46例乳腺癌改良根治术中施行保留肋问臂神经技术，其中完整保留肋间臂神经31例，切除肋间臂神经15例。术后对46例患者上臂感觉功能进行随访观察。结果31例保留肋间臂神经的患者在术后患侧上肢感觉正常27例（87．1％），感觉异常4例（12．9％）。切除肋间臂神经的15例病人中均有不同程度的感觉异常。结论在乳腺癌改良根治术中保留肋间臂神经可减少患侧上肢感觉异常的发生率，有利于改善病人术后生活质量。     

Value of D-Dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection

Objective: To evaluatel the value of D-dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection (AAD). Methods: This study consisted of 16 patients with AAD and 27 non-AAD patients. Serum D-dimets were measured by Sta-Liatest D-DI immunoturbidimetric assay. Results: D-dimer level was higher (P ＜ 0.001) in patients with AAD(7.91 ± 5.52 μg/ml) than that in non- AAD group(1.57±1.24 μg/ml). D-dimer was positive (＞0.4 μg/ml) in all patients with AAD and in 10 control group patients (37%). Among patients with acute AAD, D-dimers tended to be higher in Stanford A than in Stanford B (8.67 ± 4.31 μg/ml vs. 3.24±1.27 μg/ml, P ＜0.01). D-dimer values tended to be higher in more extended disease(3.84 ± 1.65 μg/ml, 8.57 ± 3.58 μg/ml and 11.87 ± 5.69 μg/ml in thoracic aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta and iliacal arteries, respectively, P ＜ 0.05 for both 8.57 ± 3.58 and 11.87 ± 5.69 vs. 3.84 ± 1.65 ). Including the control group into the analysis, we found a sensitivity of 100%, a negative predictive value of 100%, and a specificity of 66% and a positive predictive value of 64% for D-dimer in diagnosis of AAD in our patients with suspected AAD. Conclusion: D-dimer was elevated in patients with AAD. A negative D-dimer test result could be useful in excluding AAD.     

Research of combined liver-kidney transplantation model in rats

Objective： To set up a simple and reliable rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation. Methods： SD rats served as both donors and recipients. 4℃ sodium lactate Ringer＇s was infused from portal veins to donated livers,and from abdominal aorta to donated kidneys, respectively. Anastomosis of the portal vein and the inferior vena cava （IVC） inferior to the right kidney between the graft and the recipient was performed by a double cuff method, then the superior hepatic vena cava with suture. A patch of donated renal artery was anastomosed to the recipient abdominal aorta. The urethra and bile duct were reconstructed with a simple inside bracket. Results： Among 65 cases of combined liver-kidney transplantation, the success rate in the late 40 cases was 77.5%. The function of the grafted liver and kidney remained normal. Conclusion： This rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation can be established in common laboratory conditions with high success rate and meet the needs of renal transplantation experiment.     

BLOOD PRESSURE CHANGE WITH AGE IN SALT-SENSITIVE TEENAGERS

Objective To observe blood pressure change with age in salt-sensitive teenagers whose salt sensitivity were determined by repeated testing.Methods Salt sensitivity was determined through intravenous infusion of normal saline combined with volume-depletion by oral diuretic furosemide in 55 teenagers. After five years, salt sensitivity was re-examined and subject blood pressure was followed up. Blood pressure changes in salt-sensitive teenagers were compared to that of non-salt sensitive teenagers over five years.Results After 5 years, the repetition rate of salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading is 92.7%. In teenagers with salt sensitivity on the baseline, both the systolic blood pressure increments and increment rates were much higher than non-salt sensitive teenagers (12.7±12.1 mmHg vs. 2.8±5.2 mmHg, P＜ 0.01; 12.2%± 12.0% vs. 2.5% ±4.4%, P＜ 0.001,respectively). There was a similar trend for diastolic blood pressure (8.4 ± 6.4 mmHg vs. 3.7 ± 6.4 mmHg, P = 0.052; 13.2% ±10.6 % vs. 6.8%± 10.1%, P = 0.053, respectively).Conclusions Salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading showed good reproducibility. Blood pressure increments with age were much higher in salt-sensitive teenagers than non-salt sensitive teenagers, especially in terms of systolic blood pressure.     

安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术后生活质量影响的研究

目的：评价使用安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术（PPCI）术后生活质量的影响.方法：将160例接受PPCI的急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者随机分为安心颗粒组（术前顿服安心颗粒8.8g,术后安心颗粒4.4 g/次,每日2次）和对照组（仅接受基础药物治疗）.所有患者均服用阿司匹林、氯吡格雷和阿托伐他汀.分别在入院时、出院前1d、出院后180 d时,应用心肌梗死多维度量表（MIDAS）、中文版SF-36评价量表对患者生活质量评分.并观察术后30 d以内的出血并发症、血小板减少症发生情况.结果：入院时和出院前1d,两组患者的心肌梗死MIDAS、SF-36量表评分比较无差异（P＞0.05）;出院后180 d时,与对照组比较,安心颗粒组MIDAS、SF-36评分明显减低（P＜0.05）;组内与入院时比较,两组出院前1d、出院后180 d时,MIDAS、SF-36评分均降低（P＜0.05）.两组患者在随访期间均无大量出血、少量出血、重度和极重度血小板减少症发生,安心颗粒组有4例、对照组有7例发生不明显出血（P＞0.05）.两组发生轻度血小板减少症的患者数比较无差异（P＞0.05）.结论：PPCI使用安心颗粒,能改善急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者的生活质量,且不增加出血风险.     

The comparative studies of the influences of Urapidil and Nicardipine on sino-atrial node function, atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics

Objective:To investigate the influences of urapidil and nicardipine on rabbit sinus function,atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics.Methods:Thirty-two Angora's rabbits were selected and randomly divided into four groups.U1 group:urapidil 0.25 mg/kg;U2 group:urapidil 0.5 mg/kg;N1 group:nicardipine 10 μg/kg;N2 group:nicardipine 20 μg/kg.All these medicine were administrated within 30 seconds.Measurements were taken before and after the administration of urapidil or nicardipine for the following data:mean blood pressure(MAP),heart rate(HR),sino-atrial conduction time(SACT),maximal sinoatrial recovery time(SNRTmax)corrected sinus node recovery time(CSNRT),index of sinus node recovery time(SNRTI),Wenckebach A-V conduction frequency (WB),and P-R interval.Results:Significant MAP and HR changes were identified in all of the four groups before and after administration of both urapidil and nicardipine.No significant changes could be found in the rest of the parameters.Intergroup analysis showed that SACT and CSNRT of N1 and N2 groups were shorter than those of the U2 group(P＜0.01);the MAP decreased(P＜0.01)and the HR increased drastically(P＜0.01).Conclusions:Neither urapidil(0.25 mg/kg,0.5 mg/kg)nor nicardipine(10μg/kg,20μg/kg)has any significant influence on rabbit sinus function or rabbit atrio-ventricular node function.Nicardipine could be a better choice than urapidil for parafunctional sinus node patients.     

Expression of OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the patients of hip fracture due to osteoporosis

Objective：To investigate the gene expression of osteoprotegerin（OPG） and osteoclast differentiation factor（ODF） in the bone tissue of patients with hip fracture due to osteoporosis. Methods：OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the bone tissue in 50 cases of osteoporosis sufferers（over 50 years old） with hip fracture（Observer Group） and 30 cases of hip facture sufferers with no osteoporosis（Control group） were analyzed with the Semi-Quantitative RT-PCR method. Results：The mRNA expressed of ODF, OPG were both high in the patients with hip fracture. In the control group, the expression of OPG mRNA was observed, while the expression of ODF mRNA was very slight. Conclusion：Aged patients contained all signals including OPG, ODF that are essential for inducing osteoclastogenesis and promoting bone resorption.     

The clinicopathological and immuohistochemical analysis of solid-pseudopapillary tumor of the pancreas： report of 9 cases

Objective：To investigate the clinical features, pathological characteristics and immunophenotype of solid-pseudopapillary tumor of the pancreas（SPTP）. Methods：Nine surgically treated cases of SPTP were retrospectively reviewed. Hematoxylin and Eosin（HE） staining and immunohistochemical staining were used to analyze all cases, and the general clinical data was collected. Results：Six patients were asymptomatic except for a palpable mass. Two patients complained of vague-epigastric pain. One patient appeared jaundice. The tumor was encapsulated and solid tissues alternately with cystic tissues. Histologically, the histological structure of solid portion was pseudopapillary with a fibrovascular core. Tumor cells were uniform and medium-sized which were arranged in sheets ets or nests or pseudopapillary patterns. Immunohistochemical studies demonstrated that SPTP proved positive in vimentin（9/9 cases）, AAT（9/9 cases）, NSE（9/9 cases）, ACT（7/9 cases）, CK20（2/9 cases）, CgA（1/9 cases）, S-100（3/gcases）, PR（4/gcases）, Syn（3/9 cases） and CD56（5/9cases）, negative in CEA and ER. Conclusion：SPTP is a tumor predominantly occurring in young women frequently without special symptoms. This tumor has various characteristical histological patterns with different immunophenotype.     

Dynamic Changes in Serum Estradiol and Progesterone levels in Patients of Premenstrual Syndrome with Adverse Flow of Liver-qi

Objective:To probe into the influence of changes of ovarian hormones on the pathogenesis of the specific sub-type premenstrual syndrome(PMS)and reveal partial microcosmic mechanisms of adverse flow of liver-qi.Methods:Estradiol(E2)and progesterone(P)levels in serum were determined at different phases of menstrual cycle by radioimmunoassay.Results:In the group of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.the secretive peak value Of E2 and P at the follicular phase significantly decreased,and the secretive peak value at the luteal phase did not come into being.Conclusions:Low E2 and P secretive peak at the follicular phase and absence of secretive peak at the luteal phase is one of the microcosmic mechanisms of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.One of the pathophysiologic mechanisms of specific sub-type PMS is probably the continuous low level of E2and P.     

Real-time Three-dimensional Echocardiography in Assessment of Left Ventricular and Right Ventricular Volumes

Real-time three-dimensional echocardiography (RT3DE)is a new ultrasound technique that enables dynamic threedimensional visualization and quantification of the heart in real time. Investigation of feasibility and methodology of RT3DE in determining left ventricular (LV) and right ventricular (RV) volumes, RT3DE was performed in 35 normal adults using Philips SONOS 7500 system with a 2-4 MHz matrix array transducer. The 60°×60° "pyramid" volume database was obtained and analyzed on a TomTec echo workstation. Both LV and RV volumes were calculated with four 3DE methods (i.e. apical 2, 4, 8, and 16-plane) through manually tracing ventricular endocardial borders in end diastole and end systole. Stroke volumes were then calculated. LV volume was also measured by 2DE Simpson's rule using GE VIVID 7 ultrasound machine.     

SCREENING FOR A 21-CHROMOSOME ABNORMALITY IN PREIMPLANTED EMBRYOS OF ELDERLY WOMEN

Increasing maternal age is the only etiological factor unequivocally linked to Down's syndrome in humans. The occurrence rate of newborns with Down's syndrome is about 1/220 in women over 35 years old. However, the occurrence rate in embryos fertilized in vitro, of the elder woman is unclear. Using FISH we screened the number of chromosome 21 in preimplanted embryos of 5 elderly women (average age, 38.4 years) to study the feasibility and necessity of screening trisomy 21 in embryos in patients over 35 years old at the in vitro fertilization (IVF) center.