肿瘤抗原p185蛋白的纯化及其鉴定

目的：从转染ＨＥＲ２／ｎｅｕ 基因的３Ｔ３／ｎｅｕ细胞中纯化ｐ１８５蛋白,研究其免疫原性和作为肿瘤疫苗的可能性。方法：采用溴化氰活化的Ｓｅｐｈａｒｏｓｅ４Ｂ为基质,通过交联５２０Ｃ９单克隆抗体（杂交瘤腹水中沉淀的γ－球蛋白）,用亲和层析的技术纯化ｐ１８５蛋白。经梯度盐溶液解离与抗体结合的ｐ１８５蛋白,收集到蛋白洗脱峰,用ＥＬＩＳＡ检测ｐ１８５的免疫反应性,并经ＳＤＳＰＡＧＥ和Ｗｅｓｔｅｒｎ Ｂｌｏ     

肿瘤抗原p185蛋白免疫鼠脾细胞的抗瘤效应研究

目的 研究肿瘤抗原ｐ１８５蛋白作为肿瘤疫苗所诱导的抗肿瘤效应。方法 亲和层析纯化的ｐ１８５蛋白皮下注射正常ＢＡＬＢ／ｃ小鼠,取脾细胞分别与ｐ１８５蛋白、３Ｔ３－ｍｅｕ细胞体外共培养,以单独佐剂注射组的小鼠脾细胞为对照,观察其培养上清中ＨＦＮ－γ和ＴＮＦ－α活性。将免疫鼠脾淋巴细胞经ｐ１８５抗原和低剂量的ＩＬ－２体外培养１周后,再用ＣＤ３抗体刺激扩增,用流式细胞仪分析其细胞表型。３Ｔｅ－ｎｅｕ和３Ｔ     

点突变p53肽诱导肽特异性CTL的研究

目的探索点突变ｐ５３肽诱导细胞免疫应答的可能性,为其作为肽疫苗用于肿瘤免疫治疗提供实验依据。方法人工合成小鼠点突变ｐ５３肽Ｐ１３２Ｆ（ＬＮＫＬＦＦＱＬ,１３２Ｃｙｓ→Ｐｈｅ突变）,与不完全弗氏佐剂（ＩＦＡ）或ＲＩＢＩ佐剂（ＲＡＳ）混合,皮下免疫Ｃ５７ＢＬ／６小鼠,分离脾细胞体外用肽再刺激,诱导细胞毒Ｔ淋巴细胞（ＣＴＬ）,并以５１Ｃｒ释放法检测其杀伤活性。结果Ｐ１３２Ｆ肽加上ＩＦＡ或ＲＡＳ免疫小鼠,均能诱导肽特异性ＣＤ８＋ＣＴＬ;低剂量重组白细胞介素２（ｒＩＬ－２）能增强肽免疫效果。结论所用突变的ｐ５３蛋白具有免疫原性,提示来源于突变ｐ５３的抗原肽有可能作为肽疫苗用于临床肿瘤免疫治疗     

原癌基因HER2／neu表达产物p185蛋白免疫原性研究

用表达ｐ１８５蛋白ＨＥＲ２／ｎｅｕ转基因３Ｔ３－ＨＥＲ２／ｎｅｕ细胞裂解物免疫Ｂａｌｂ／ｃ小鼠，经３次免疫后，免疫小鼠脾细胞对表达ｐ１８５蛋白的３Ｔ３－ＨＥＲ２／ｎｅｕ细胞呈现较强的增殖反应（平均刺激指数分别为ＳＩ＝３．１５±１．８８），而对未转染ＨＥＲ２／ｎｅｕ基因的３Ｔ３细胞的应答较弱（ＳＩ＝１．１４±０．９７）。并检测到１号免疫鼠脾细胞对３Ｔ３－ＨＥＲ２／ｎｅｕ细胞有特异杀伤作用。免疫鼠血清中出现高水平的抗ｐ１８５抗体（ＯＤ均值＝１．０２±０．１６），较正常对照组（ＯＤ均值＝０．３６±０．１０）有显著差异（Ｐ＜０．００１），表明ＨＥＲ２／ｎｅｕ表达产物ｐ１８５蛋白具有免疫原性，用于免疫小鼠可诱导出对ｐ１８５蛋白的特异免疫应答反应。     

恶性疟复合多价抗原基因在小鼠中免疫应答的初步研究

目的探索恶性疟复合多价ＤＮＡ疫苗的可行性。方法把带有ＡＴＧ的接头与人工合成的恶性疟原虫复合多价抗原基因ＡＢ相连后，构建分别带有ＳＶ４０或ＲＳＶ启动子的真核表达载体ｐＳＶ２／ＡＢ及ｐＲＥＰ９／ＡＢ，重组表达质粒经肌肉注射免疫ＢＡＬＢ／ｃ小鼠后，检测其诱发特异性体液和细胞免疫应答水平及毒副作用。结果ｐＳＶ２／ＡＢ及ｐＲＥＰ９／ＡＢ免疫ＢＡＬＢ／ｃ小鼠后均诱发了一定水平的细胞及体液免疫应答，带ＲＳＶ启动子的ｐＲＥＰ９／ＡＢ免疫原性略强于带ＳＶ４０启动子的ｐＳＶ２／ＡＢ，ＤＮＡ免疫后未见明显的毒副作用。结论恶性疟复合多价ＤＮＡ疫苗可诱发特异的免疫应答，为疟疾ＤＮＡ疫苗的研究提供了一定的理论及实验依据     

细胞因子对乙肝病毒基因疫苗诱导产生抗体的影响

将构建的三套乙肝病毒基因疫苗（分别编码Ｓ蛋白、ｐｒｅＳ１＋ｐｒｅＳ２＋Ｓ蛋白及ｐｒｅＳ２＋Ｓ蛋白）注射于Ｃ５７ＢＬ／６小鼠胫前肌内。基因疫苗接种３天后，以同样部位注射ｒｈＩＬ－２、ｒｈＩＬ－４、ｒｈＩＬ－６、ｒｈＩＦＮ－γ。运用ＥＬＩＳＡ检测不同时间小鼠血清中乙肝表面抗原（ＨＢｓＡｇ）及抗－ＨＢｓ。结果显示：注射基因疫苗３天内，小鼠体内即可表达ＨＢｓＡｇ；两周后，血清中可测到抗－ＨＢｓ，两月后抗体水平达到高峰，并保持高水平至少两月以上；肌内注射的几种细胞因子均可提高血清中抗－ＨＢｓ水平，与对照组相比差异有极显著性（Ｐ＜０．０１），其中，ｒｈＩＬ－４、ｒｈＩＬ－６、ｒｈＩＦＮ－γ较ｒｈＩＬ－２作用强。提示，细胞因子可作为基因疫苗的佐剂。该研究为增强基因疫苗免疫效果提供了新途径。     

应用S基因转染的Sp2／0细胞作为靶细胞研究HBV基因疫？…

构建编码ＨＢｓＡｇ蛋白的重组真核表达质粒ｐＣＲ３．１－Ｓ作为ＨＢＶ基因疫苗,免疫接种Ｂａｌｂ／ｃ小鼠,以重组质粒ｐＣＲ３．１－Ｓ转染的Ｓｐ２／０细胞作为靶细胞,采用＾５１Ｃｒ ４ｈ释放法,体外检测免疫小鼠的淋巴细胞杀伤功能。结果显示,与空载体对照组相比较,ＨＢＶ基因疫苗可诱导Ｂａｌｂ／ｃ小鼠产生ＨＢＶ特生细胞毒性Ｔ细胞应答,提示以Ｓｐ２／０基因转染的细胞作为靶细胞,检测免疫Ｂａｌｂ／ｃ小鼠淋巴细胞     

重组BCG疫苗和结构杆菌HSP65 DNA疫苗免疫原性的 …

目的 研究重组ＢＣＧ（ｒｅｃｏｍｂｉｎａｎｔ ＢＣＧ，ｒＢＣＧ）疫苗和人结核杆菌热休克蛋白（ｈｅａｔ ｓｈｏｃｋ ｐｒｏｔｅｉｎ，ＨＳＰ）６５ ＤＮＡ疫苗对小鼠免疫应答的影响，评价两种疫苗；的免疫原性。方法 用ｒＢＣＧ疫苗和ＨＳＰ６５ ＤＮＡ疫苗免疫ＢＡＬＢ／ｃ小鼠，免疫８周时，采血、取腹腔巨噬细胞和脾脏进行０实验，以释放量检测巨噬细胞吞噬活性，以淋巴细胞刺激指数（ＳＩ）反应细胞增殖能力，以ＥＬＩ     

抗HBs-HBsAg复合物诱生体液免疫应答的研究

目的研究抗ＨＢｓ－ＨＢｓＡｇ复合物在ＢＡＬＢ／ｃ小鼠诱生体液免疫应答的特点。方法分别用鼠抗ＨＢｓ－ＨＢｓＡｇ免疫原性复合物（ＩＣ）或单独ＨＢｓＡｇ免疫ＢＡＬＢ／ｃ小鼠（加或不加氢氧化铝），分析其诱生的抗ＨＢｓＩｇＧ效价及ＩｇＧ亚类。结果用ＩＣ加氢氧化铝为佐剂免疫小鼠诱生的抗ＨＢｓ中以ＩｇＧ１亚类为主，而用ＨＢｓＡｇ免疫鼠则以ＩｇＧ２ｂ亚类较高。ＩＣ不加氢氧化铝佐剂诱生的抗ＨＢｓ中ＩｇＧ１及ＩｇＧ２ａ均高于单独ＨＢｓＡｇ免疫鼠。研究还显示，抗ＨＢｓＩｇＧＦｃ段是巨噬细胞（ＭΦ）等抗原提呈细胞摄取ＩＣ的主要途径。结论抗ＨＢｓ－ＨＢｓＡｇ复合物免疫诱生的体液免疫应答较单独ＨＢｓＡｇ免疫强。抗ＨＢｓ主要通过Ｆｃ段的介导作用，改变了机体抗原提呈细胞对ＨＢｓＡｇ的摄取、加工及抗原提呈，并可增强ＨＢｓＡｇ的免疫原性。     

酵母表达的戊型肝炎病毒结构区ORF2蛋白的免疫原性研究

目的 研究巴氏毕赤酵母表达系统表达的戊型肝炎病毒（Hepatitis Evirus,HEV)结构区ORF2蛋白的免疫原性。方法 将重组蛋白免疫BALB/c小鼠。首先通过亲和捕获反转录PCR鉴定免疫小鼠抗血清是否能结合感染HEV恒河猴粪便及胆汁中的病毒颗粒,其次将重组蛋白分别以不同免疫途径,不同佐剂免疫小鼠,通过检测小鼠血清中抗-HEVORF2抗体阳转率及抗体滴度,观察其免疫原性。结果 亲和捕获反转录PCR阳性,表明免疫鼠抗血清可以捕获感染恒河猴粪便及胆汁样品中的HEV。在小鼠免疫实验中,肌内免疫优于腹腔免疫,抗原联合铝佐剂及CpG佐剂及CpG佐剂优于抗原联合铝佐剂,以抗原联合铝佐剂和CpG佐剂经股四头肌免疫小鼠,4周后加强一次的免疫效果最佳,ED500为0.023μg,实验表明,巴氏毕赤酵母表达的重组HEVORF2蛋白刺激小鼠产生的抗体,不仅可以特异性结合天然HEV,而且该蛋白在小鼠体内可以有效地诱发体液免疫反应。结论 巴氏毕赤酵母表达系统表达的HEVORF2蛋白具有良好的免疫原性,这为新型戊型肝炎疫苗的研制奠定了基础。     

Immunological prevention of spontaneous tumors: a new prospect?

Recent demonstrations of the specific immune prevention of mammary cancer in female BALB/c mice transgenic for the rat Her-2/neu oncogene (BALB-neuT) have resulted in reconsideration of the immune mechanisms that inhibit tumor growth. All the mammary glands of these mice progress asynchronously, but consistently, from hyperplasia to invasive carcinoma. Overexpression of the oncogene product p185neu is first evident in the rudimentary glands of 3-week-old mice. Carcinogenesis is prevented by vaccination with plasmids coding for the extracellular and transmembrane domains of this p185neu, or with allogeneic cells expressing p185neu on their membrane, plus the systemic administration of IL-12. This inhibition is the outcome of a delayed-type hypersensitivity specific for p185neu and the production of anti-p185neu antibodies that restrain the proliferation of tumor cells by stripping p185neu from their membrane, whereas cytotoxic T lymphocytes seem devoid of a major role.     

B cells limit epitope spreading and reduce severity of EAE induced with PLP peptide in BALB/c mice

The role of B cells and antibody in experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE) appears to differ based on the identity and state (protein vs. encephalitogenic peptide) of the inducing antigen and the strain of mouse utilized. The involvement of B cells in the induction of EAE by peptides of proteolipid protein (PLP) in BALB/c mice was investigated. Wild-type and B cell-deficient (B cell(-/-)) mice on the BALB/c background were immunized with overlapping PLP peptides, and the disease course was followed. Although incidence and onset of PLP(180-199)-induced EAE was similar in WT and B cell(-/-) mice, the clinical course was more severe in B cell(-/-) mice. During acute disease, proliferation and interferon-gamma production by lymphoid cells from both strains were similar and were elicited predominantly in response to the immunizing antigen. However, during chronic disease lymphoid cells isolated from B cell(-/-) mice proliferated to a greater extent and produced more interferon-gamma in response to the overlapping peptide PLP(185-206) and to the smaller internal peptide PLP(185-199) than did WT mice. These data suggest that B cells regulate PLP-induced EAE in BALB/c mice through control of epitope spreading.     

Analysis of immunogenicity of minor envelope protein GP3 of porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus in mice

Porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (PRRSV) is one of the most economically significant viral diseases in swine industry. Though the minor envelope protein GP3 is associated with protective immunity, its immunogenicity and protective mechanism are poorly known. In this study, two recombinant adenoviruses, rAd-GP3 expressing complete GP3 and rAd-tGP3 expressing truncated GP3 in which aa2-64 were deleted, were constructed and the immunogenicity were tested in a mouse model. Four groups of BALB/c mice were immunized subcutaneously twice at 2-week internals with the recombinants rAd-GP3 and rAd-tGP3 or with wild type adenovirus (wtAd) and PBS as control. The results showed that the mice immunized with recombinant adenoviruses developed PRRSV-specific neutralizing antibodies and cellular immune response, including T-cell proliferation responses and cytotoxic T responses, by 2 weeks post-primary immunization. Moreover, the levels of immune responses of mice immunized with rAd-tGP3 were significantly higher than that of mice with rAd-GP3. It indicated that the first 64aa fragment of GP3 might affect the conformation of the antigen structures of GP3 protein. GP3 protein should be one of candidate molecules for developing a new safer effective vaccine.     

新型升血小板因子的免疫原性实验研究

目的明确自行研制的新型升血小板因子是否具有免疫原性。方法分别用佐剂、新型升血小板因子＋佐剂、新型升血小板因子、鸡卵清蛋白＋佐剂免疫Balb／c小鼠,采用琼脂免疫扩散试验和酶联免疫吸附试验（EIJSA）检测小鼠血清中的抗体。结果ELISA法未检测到血清中的抗体;琼脂免疫扩散试验血清经72h扩散观察未出现沉淀线,没有形成抗原．抗体复合物。结论用新型升血小板因子免疫Balb／c小鼠,未发现能够刺激小鼠产生抗新型升血小板因子抗体。     

肺炎支原体P1黏附因子主要抗原表位的表达及其临床应用研究

目的 探索肺炎支原体(Mycoplasma pneumoniae,Mp)P1蛋白作为抗原成分在临床血清抗体检测中的应用.方法 通过生物信息学分析P1基因主要抗原决定簇,选择其分值较高的部位进行原核表达、纯化,并进行Western blot鉴定,用纯化后的蛋白免疫小鼠,评价其免疫原性,同时用其作为抗原,采用ELISA方法检测肺炎支原体患儿血清抗体并与全菌体抗原进行比较.结果 成功构建了pET-28C-P1-534原核表达载体,经表达、纯化后获得了相对分子质量为26×103的融合蛋白;Western blot检测其能与Mp阳性血清发生特异性反应;利用纯化的重组蛋白免疫小鼠,能诱导小鼠产生特异性免疫应答,抗体滴度可达 1∶2000;用此蛋白作为抗原成分检测患儿血清,其敏感性和特异性分别为85.00%及97.67%.结论 重组表达的P1-534蛋白具有良好的免疫原性,作为新的抗原成分其敏感性和特异性优于全菌体抗原,为肺炎支原体抗原成分及其蛋白保护作用的研究奠定了基础.

Abstract：

Objective To study the application of P1 adhesin protein epitopes in diagnosis of Mycoplasma pneumoniae(Mp) infected patient. Methods The major epitope(P1-534) of P1 adhesin protein were predicted by ProPred and ANTIGENIC according to its primary structure. The high value fragment was cloned into a constructed recombinant vector. The gene was induced to express fusion protein in E. coli host strain BL21(DE3) and the fusion protein was identified by Western blot. BALB/c mice were immunized with purified protein to test its immunogenicity. Then the purified protein was used as antigen to test the serum of Mp infected patient by ELISA, and compared with the Mp whole cell antigen. Results The P1-534 protein was successfully expressed and purified. ELISA data showed that P1-534 protein could elicit high levels of IgG in immunized mice, the sensitivity and specificity of P1-534 were determined to be 85.00% and 97.67%, while the Mp whole cell antigen were 72.50% and 74.42%. Conclusion The results conformed that the recombinant epitope has certain immunogenicity,and its sensitivity and specificity are better than Mp whole cell antigen. P1-534 protein can be used as an antigen for immunodiagnosis of Mp infection.     

Identification of the encephalitogenic epitopes of CNS proteolipid protein in BALB/c mice

It was previously shown that BALB/c mice were susceptible to experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis induced by immunization with proteolipid protein (PLP). To determine the encephalitogenic epitopes of PLP in BALB/c mice, mice were immunized with successively smaller pools of 20-mer peptides spanning the PLP molecule from amino acid 30 to amino acid 206. Immunization with PLP(180-199) resulted in clinical EAE in 9/15 mice (mean max clinical score of 3.3), and immunization with PLP(185-206) induced clinical EAE in 7/21 BALB/c mice (mean maximum score of 3.7). No relapses in disease were observed. No EAE was observed in BALB/c mice immunized with PLP(185-199) (n=15), PLP(178-191) (n=13) or other regions of PLP (n=15). Passive transfer of PLP(180-199)-primed lymph node cells into nai;ve BALB/c mice resulted in EAE (2/2 mice, max score of 4.0). One-micron toluidine blue stained sections from the spinal cord of EAE-affected BALB/c mice revealed features typical of EAE in other strains, including mononuclear cell infiltration, myelin loss, and axonal loss.     

嗜肺军团菌免疫原蛋白核酸疫苗诱导的小鼠免疫应答及其保护力

目的:研究嗜肺军团菌免疫原蛋白核酸疫苗诱导的小鼠免疫原性以及对LP感染小鼠的保护能力。方法:用嗜肺军团菌免疫原蛋白基因真核表达重组质粒pcDNA3.1-ip作为DNA疫苗免疫BALB/c小鼠,检测免疫小鼠体内抗原特异性抗体水平、脾淋巴细胞增殖活性、IFNγ-产生水平和CTL特异杀伤活性等指标,以评价疫苗的免疫原性。真核表达重组质粒pcDNA3.1-ipDNA疫苗重复免疫BALB/c小鼠2次,末次免疫2周后,用10倍LD50剂量攻击小鼠,计数小鼠的存活数及小鼠肺中的细菌数,观察感染鼠的肺部病理变化。结果:pcDNA3.1-ip免疫小鼠后诱导产生了特异的体液免疫应答和细胞免疫应答,免疫组的免疫原性和免疫保护性均高于对照组pcDNA3.1( )组(P<0.01)。结论:免疫原蛋白基因可作为嗜肺军团菌核酸疫苗的侯选基因。     

尿酸钠对BALB/c小鼠抗体应答及树突状细胞和迟发型超敏反应的影响

目的:探讨尿酸钠作为佐剂对BALB/c小鼠体液和细胞免疫应答的影响。方法:利用尿酸钠悬浮液为佐剂、天花粉蛋白(TCS)为免疫原对BALB/c小鼠进行免疫,以酶联免疫测定法检测特异性抗体IgG的效价。体外诱导小鼠树突状细胞(DC),流式细胞术分析DC表型,评价尿酸钠体外对DC成熟的效应。以二硝基氟苯建立迟发型超敏反应(DTH)模型,分析尿酸钠在体内对细胞免疫应答的影响。结果:传统弗氏佐剂可极大地增强小鼠对TCS的抗体应答,尿酸钠佐剂对抗体应答不但没有促进,与单独使用免疫原相比,抗体应答反而明显降低。流式细胞术分析显示,尿酸钠对DC表达CD11c和CD83没有影响,但可明显提高MHCII的表达水平。DTH模型中,尿酸钠增强致敏原引发的耳廓肿胀程度,并促进DTH小鼠淋巴细胞的体外增殖能力。结论:尿酸钠悬浮液作为佐剂,对细胞免疫有显著增强作用,而对体液免疫应答却有一定的抑制作用,提示该佐剂在疫苗研究中有潜在应用前景。     

Antibody recognition and isoelectrofocusing of antigens of the malaria parasite Plasmodium yoelii.

Inbred BALB/c mice were either immunized with Triton X-100-extracted antigens of blood-stage Plasmodium yoelii or infected with P. yoelii and cured in three successive schedules. Whereas the immunized BALB/c became only partially protected from subsequent challenge infection with blood-stage P. yoelii, the convalescent mice acquired total immunity. When total P. yoelii antigen extract was resolved by sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis, transferred to nitrocellulose, and immunoblotted with anti-P. yoelii serum, five major protein bands of 150, 84, 40, 19, and 16 kDa were recognized by the sera of fully protected convalescent mice but not by the sera of partially protected mice. The utility of comparing reactivities of sera from fully protected and partially protected malaria hosts and the possibility that antigens uniquely recognized by the convalescent mouse sera may contribute to immunity against P. yoelii infection are discussed. Although previously reported to be an effective adjuvant for immunization against P. yoelii infection in (BALB/c x C57BL)F1 hybrid mice, saponin did not promote protection any better than did Freund adjuvant in BALB/c mice immunized with detergent-extracted P. yoelii antigen. Most of the P. yoelii proteins (14 to 250 kDa) found in Triton X-100 extracts of P. yoelii-parasitized erythrocytes isoelectrofocused as a single peak in the pH region 4.4 to 4.6, suggesting a rationale for previous findings that the most anti-P. yoelii protective and T-helper activities are induced by antigens isoelectrically focused in a fraction of similar pH.