顶空气相色谱内标法测定唾液中乙醇含量

目的：建立顶空气相色谱仪测定唾液中乙醇浓度的方法。方法：受试者服用20 ml左右的九江双蒸酒,分别于不同时间点取受试者的唾液,经处理用顶空气相色谱法进行乙醇含量测定。结果：乙醇在2.38～952.38μg/ml的浓度范围内线性关系良好,相关系数r=0.9999,平均回收率为102.59%,精密度等均符合方法学要求。结论：顶空气相色谱法操作简便,能有效地避免样品中蛋白质等不挥发性物质对样品测定的干扰,可用于生物样品中乙醇的测定。     

尿路感染诊断中亚硝酸盐和白细胞检测在尿常规分析中的临床应用

目的：探讨分析尿路感染诊断中亚硝酸盐和白细胞检测在尿常规分析中的应用方法及价值。方法：将我院收治的285例尿路感染患者作为分析对象,采用尿干化学试纸条对患者尿液内亚硝酸盐进行检测,对中段尿细菌培养并对细菌进行检测,观察亚硝酸盐、白细胞在尿路感染中的阳性检出率、细菌培养阳性率、白细胞阳性预测值、阴性预测值。结果：285例患者尿液标本中,检出亚硝酸盐阳性率为10.5%、细菌培养阳性率为22.8%;白细胞阳性预测值、阴性预测值分别为69.5%、83.5%。结论：亚硝酸盐诊断尿路感染敏感性较低,然而具有较高的特异性;白细胞在尿路感染中临床价值显著。     

顶空气相色谱法测定甲壳素生物材料中甲醇残留量

目的：建立一种简便、准确、快速测定生物材料甲壳素中甲醇含量的顶空气相色谱法。方法：运用内标法,选择异丙醇作为内标物,顶空进样量为1.0ml。结果：顶空气相色谱法测甲醇回收率为96.79%～104.21%,相对标准偏差（RSD）为3.4%～4.2%,线性回归方程为：赞Y=8.24×10-2＋6.36×10-3X,相关系数：r=0.9946,有良好的线形关系。结论：本法操作简便、快速,灵敏度高,结果准确可靠,可用于相关生物材料及制品中甲醇含量的测定。     

细菌性尿路感染中尿液亚硝酸盐的检测价值分析

目的研究并分析细菌性尿路感染中尿液亚硝酸盐的检测价值。方法收集疑似细菌性尿路感染患者共115例,均行尿液亚硝酸盐检测,将检测结果作为观察组,并将尿液细菌培养结果作为对照组,对两组数据进行对比。结果115例患者通过尿液细菌培养检查发现,30例呈阳性,阳性率为26.1%。尿液亚硝酸盐检测的敏感性为33.33%(10/30),特异性为97.64%(83/85),阳性预测率为83.33%(10/12),阴性预测率为80.58%(83/103)。结论在细菌性尿路感染患者的诊断过程中,尿液亚硝酸盐检测具有较高的特异性,可作为临床诊断中的辅助检查手段,值得推广应用。     

顶空气相色谱法测定胍美沙林中溶剂残留量

目的：建立顶空气相色谱法分析胍美沙林中溶剂残留量。方法：采用固体顶空气相色谱法，用G．D．X－101膏分子微球不锈钢填充柱，以正丙醇为内标进行定量测定。结果：固体顶空气相色谱法乙醇的线性范围为39－3935μg/ml（r＝0．9994）；该方法乙醇回收率为99．12％，RSD为0．4％；乙醇浓度最低检出限为7．8μg/g。结论：本方法操作简便，结果准确，灵敏度高，重现性好。     

顶空气相色谱法同时测定106项水中9种卤代烃

目的 建立水质检测106项中9种卤代烃同时测定的方法.方法 采用顶空气相色谱,应用Hp-5毛细管柱和电子捕获检测器进行检测.结果 顶空气相色谱法对9种卤代烃混合标准溶液系列相关系数均在0.999以上,平均回收为90.6％～102.5％,相对标准偏差为1.01％-5.58％,结论 研究方法一次性完成饮用水中9中卤代烃的分离和测定,简单、快速和灵敏,同时有较好的准确度和精密度.     

尿路结石并发感染患者尿液亚硝酸盐与白细胞检测分析

目的探讨对尿路结石合并感染患者展开尿液亚硝酸盐与白细胞检测的诊断价值。方法选取2017年3月至2019年4月本院收治的112例尿路结石并发感染患者为研究对象。对所有患者展开尿液细菌培养、尿液亚硝酸盐及尿沉渣白细胞等检测,以尿液细菌培养的结果为诊断金标准,统计并比较亚硝酸盐及白细胞检测的准确性、特异性及敏感度。结果112例患者的尿液细菌定量培养结果显示,63例标本呈阳性,包括革兰阴性杆菌33例,革兰阳性杆菌19例,真菌11例。白细胞检测的准确度为79.46%,敏感度为87.30%,阴性预测值为80.95%,明显高于亚硝酸盐检测的60.71%、33.33%及52.81%;白细胞检测的特异度仅为69.39%,阳性预测值为78.57%,明显低于亚硝酸盐检测的95.92%、91.30%,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论在尿路结石并发感染的早期阶段,通过对患者展开亚硝酸盐检测,可获得较高的特异度及阳性预测值,降低误诊风险;而白细胞检测有较高的准确度、敏感度及阴性预测值,可有效降低临床漏诊风险。     

顶空进样GC法测定α-生育酚溶剂残留

目的：建立α-生育酚残留溶剂的检查方法。方法：用顶空气相色谱法对α-生育酚中乙醇、乙酸乙酯、苯残留溶剂进行检测,采用rtx-5（5%苯基-95.0%二甲基聚氧硅烷）（30m×0.32μm×0.32mm）,程序升温,顶空进样,进样体积1mL。结果：精密度RSD均小于2%,峰面积与浓度均有良好的线性关系,最低检测限在67ng·mL-1以下,回收率均符合要求。结论：该方法稳定、简便、准确,可用于α-生育酚3种有机溶剂残留物检测。     

顶空气相色谱法测定血液中乙醇含量的探索

目的建立检测血液中乙醇含量简便、准确的方法。方法以叔丁醇作为内标,用顶空气相色谱火焰离子化检测器对样品进行检测,与平行操作的乙醇标准品比较,用内标法以乙醇对内标物的峰面积比进行定量。结果色谱图上目标峰与内标峰分离完全,在0．01—10．0g／L范围内标准工作曲线线性关系良好。结论顶空气相色谱法测定血液中乙醇含量快速灵敏,能准确定量。该方法可用于实际检测分析。     

抗癫痫药丙戊酸钠中有害残留溶剂乙醇和苯的检测

目的 建立用于测定丙戊酸钠原料药中乙醇和苯两种有机溶剂残留量的方法,有效控制有害残留溶剂含量。方法 采用顶空气相色谱法,色谱柱为DB-624(30 m×0.53 mm, 3μm),柱温采用程序升温,氢火焰离子化检测器,检测器温度为250℃;进样口温度为200℃,载气为高纯氮气,载气流速为2.0 ml/min,分流比为5∶1,顶空平衡温度为80℃,平衡时间为30 min。结果 顶空气相色谱法专属性强,稀释剂和供试品均不干扰乙醇和苯的检测;乙醇在0.394～504.320μg/ml浓度范围内,线性良好,r²为0.9984,定量限为0.394μg/ml,苯在0.021～0.208μg/ml浓度范围内,线性良好,r²为0.9991,定量限为0.021μg/ml;该法平均加标回收率均在80.0%～115.0%之间。结论 顶空气相色谱法可用于丙戊酸钠原料药中乙醇与苯残留量测定。     

Value of D-Dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection

Objective: To evaluatel the value of D-dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection (AAD). Methods: This study consisted of 16 patients with AAD and 27 non-AAD patients. Serum D-dimets were measured by Sta-Liatest D-DI immunoturbidimetric assay. Results: D-dimer level was higher (P ＜ 0.001) in patients with AAD(7.91 ± 5.52 μg/ml) than that in non- AAD group(1.57±1.24 μg/ml). D-dimer was positive (＞0.4 μg/ml) in all patients with AAD and in 10 control group patients (37%). Among patients with acute AAD, D-dimers tended to be higher in Stanford A than in Stanford B (8.67 ± 4.31 μg/ml vs. 3.24±1.27 μg/ml, P ＜0.01). D-dimer values tended to be higher in more extended disease(3.84 ± 1.65 μg/ml, 8.57 ± 3.58 μg/ml and 11.87 ± 5.69 μg/ml in thoracic aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta and iliacal arteries, respectively, P ＜ 0.05 for both 8.57 ± 3.58 and 11.87 ± 5.69 vs. 3.84 ± 1.65 ). Including the control group into the analysis, we found a sensitivity of 100%, a negative predictive value of 100%, and a specificity of 66% and a positive predictive value of 64% for D-dimer in diagnosis of AAD in our patients with suspected AAD. Conclusion: D-dimer was elevated in patients with AAD. A negative D-dimer test result could be useful in excluding AAD.     

Research of combined liver-kidney transplantation model in rats

Objective： To set up a simple and reliable rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation. Methods： SD rats served as both donors and recipients. 4℃ sodium lactate Ringer＇s was infused from portal veins to donated livers,and from abdominal aorta to donated kidneys, respectively. Anastomosis of the portal vein and the inferior vena cava （IVC） inferior to the right kidney between the graft and the recipient was performed by a double cuff method, then the superior hepatic vena cava with suture. A patch of donated renal artery was anastomosed to the recipient abdominal aorta. The urethra and bile duct were reconstructed with a simple inside bracket. Results： Among 65 cases of combined liver-kidney transplantation, the success rate in the late 40 cases was 77.5%. The function of the grafted liver and kidney remained normal. Conclusion： This rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation can be established in common laboratory conditions with high success rate and meet the needs of renal transplantation experiment.     

BLOOD PRESSURE CHANGE WITH AGE IN SALT-SENSITIVE TEENAGERS

Objective To observe blood pressure change with age in salt-sensitive teenagers whose salt sensitivity were determined by repeated testing.Methods Salt sensitivity was determined through intravenous infusion of normal saline combined with volume-depletion by oral diuretic furosemide in 55 teenagers. After five years, salt sensitivity was re-examined and subject blood pressure was followed up. Blood pressure changes in salt-sensitive teenagers were compared to that of non-salt sensitive teenagers over five years.Results After 5 years, the repetition rate of salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading is 92.7%. In teenagers with salt sensitivity on the baseline, both the systolic blood pressure increments and increment rates were much higher than non-salt sensitive teenagers (12.7±12.1 mmHg vs. 2.8±5.2 mmHg, P＜ 0.01; 12.2%± 12.0% vs. 2.5% ±4.4%, P＜ 0.001,respectively). There was a similar trend for diastolic blood pressure (8.4 ± 6.4 mmHg vs. 3.7 ± 6.4 mmHg, P = 0.052; 13.2% ±10.6 % vs. 6.8%± 10.1%, P = 0.053, respectively).Conclusions Salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading showed good reproducibility. Blood pressure increments with age were much higher in salt-sensitive teenagers than non-salt sensitive teenagers, especially in terms of systolic blood pressure.     

安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术后生活质量影响的研究

目的：评价使用安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术（PPCI）术后生活质量的影响.方法：将160例接受PPCI的急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者随机分为安心颗粒组（术前顿服安心颗粒8.8g,术后安心颗粒4.4 g/次,每日2次）和对照组（仅接受基础药物治疗）.所有患者均服用阿司匹林、氯吡格雷和阿托伐他汀.分别在入院时、出院前1d、出院后180 d时,应用心肌梗死多维度量表（MIDAS）、中文版SF-36评价量表对患者生活质量评分.并观察术后30 d以内的出血并发症、血小板减少症发生情况.结果：入院时和出院前1d,两组患者的心肌梗死MIDAS、SF-36量表评分比较无差异（P＞0.05）;出院后180 d时,与对照组比较,安心颗粒组MIDAS、SF-36评分明显减低（P＜0.05）;组内与入院时比较,两组出院前1d、出院后180 d时,MIDAS、SF-36评分均降低（P＜0.05）.两组患者在随访期间均无大量出血、少量出血、重度和极重度血小板减少症发生,安心颗粒组有4例、对照组有7例发生不明显出血（P＞0.05）.两组发生轻度血小板减少症的患者数比较无差异（P＞0.05）.结论：PPCI使用安心颗粒,能改善急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者的生活质量,且不增加出血风险.     

The comparative studies of the influences of Urapidil and Nicardipine on sino-atrial node function, atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics

Objective:To investigate the influences of urapidil and nicardipine on rabbit sinus function,atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics.Methods:Thirty-two Angora's rabbits were selected and randomly divided into four groups.U1 group:urapidil 0.25 mg/kg;U2 group:urapidil 0.5 mg/kg;N1 group:nicardipine 10 μg/kg;N2 group:nicardipine 20 μg/kg.All these medicine were administrated within 30 seconds.Measurements were taken before and after the administration of urapidil or nicardipine for the following data:mean blood pressure(MAP),heart rate(HR),sino-atrial conduction time(SACT),maximal sinoatrial recovery time(SNRTmax)corrected sinus node recovery time(CSNRT),index of sinus node recovery time(SNRTI),Wenckebach A-V conduction frequency (WB),and P-R interval.Results:Significant MAP and HR changes were identified in all of the four groups before and after administration of both urapidil and nicardipine.No significant changes could be found in the rest of the parameters.Intergroup analysis showed that SACT and CSNRT of N1 and N2 groups were shorter than those of the U2 group(P＜0.01);the MAP decreased(P＜0.01)and the HR increased drastically(P＜0.01).Conclusions:Neither urapidil(0.25 mg/kg,0.5 mg/kg)nor nicardipine(10μg/kg,20μg/kg)has any significant influence on rabbit sinus function or rabbit atrio-ventricular node function.Nicardipine could be a better choice than urapidil for parafunctional sinus node patients.     

Expression of OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the patients of hip fracture due to osteoporosis

Objective：To investigate the gene expression of osteoprotegerin（OPG） and osteoclast differentiation factor（ODF） in the bone tissue of patients with hip fracture due to osteoporosis. Methods：OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the bone tissue in 50 cases of osteoporosis sufferers（over 50 years old） with hip fracture（Observer Group） and 30 cases of hip facture sufferers with no osteoporosis（Control group） were analyzed with the Semi-Quantitative RT-PCR method. Results：The mRNA expressed of ODF, OPG were both high in the patients with hip fracture. In the control group, the expression of OPG mRNA was observed, while the expression of ODF mRNA was very slight. Conclusion：Aged patients contained all signals including OPG, ODF that are essential for inducing osteoclastogenesis and promoting bone resorption.     

The clinicopathological and immuohistochemical analysis of solid-pseudopapillary tumor of the pancreas： report of 9 cases

Objective：To investigate the clinical features, pathological characteristics and immunophenotype of solid-pseudopapillary tumor of the pancreas（SPTP）. Methods：Nine surgically treated cases of SPTP were retrospectively reviewed. Hematoxylin and Eosin（HE） staining and immunohistochemical staining were used to analyze all cases, and the general clinical data was collected. Results：Six patients were asymptomatic except for a palpable mass. Two patients complained of vague-epigastric pain. One patient appeared jaundice. The tumor was encapsulated and solid tissues alternately with cystic tissues. Histologically, the histological structure of solid portion was pseudopapillary with a fibrovascular core. Tumor cells were uniform and medium-sized which were arranged in sheets ets or nests or pseudopapillary patterns. Immunohistochemical studies demonstrated that SPTP proved positive in vimentin（9/9 cases）, AAT（9/9 cases）, NSE（9/9 cases）, ACT（7/9 cases）, CK20（2/9 cases）, CgA（1/9 cases）, S-100（3/gcases）, PR（4/gcases）, Syn（3/9 cases） and CD56（5/9cases）, negative in CEA and ER. Conclusion：SPTP is a tumor predominantly occurring in young women frequently without special symptoms. This tumor has various characteristical histological patterns with different immunophenotype.     

Dynamic Changes in Serum Estradiol and Progesterone levels in Patients of Premenstrual Syndrome with Adverse Flow of Liver-qi

Objective:To probe into the influence of changes of ovarian hormones on the pathogenesis of the specific sub-type premenstrual syndrome(PMS)and reveal partial microcosmic mechanisms of adverse flow of liver-qi.Methods:Estradiol(E2)and progesterone(P)levels in serum were determined at different phases of menstrual cycle by radioimmunoassay.Results:In the group of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.the secretive peak value Of E2 and P at the follicular phase significantly decreased,and the secretive peak value at the luteal phase did not come into being.Conclusions:Low E2 and P secretive peak at the follicular phase and absence of secretive peak at the luteal phase is one of the microcosmic mechanisms of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.One of the pathophysiologic mechanisms of specific sub-type PMS is probably the continuous low level of E2and P.     

Real-time Three-dimensional Echocardiography in Assessment of Left Ventricular and Right Ventricular Volumes

Real-time three-dimensional echocardiography (RT3DE)is a new ultrasound technique that enables dynamic threedimensional visualization and quantification of the heart in real time. Investigation of feasibility and methodology of RT3DE in determining left ventricular (LV) and right ventricular (RV) volumes, RT3DE was performed in 35 normal adults using Philips SONOS 7500 system with a 2-4 MHz matrix array transducer. The 60°×60° "pyramid" volume database was obtained and analyzed on a TomTec echo workstation. Both LV and RV volumes were calculated with four 3DE methods (i.e. apical 2, 4, 8, and 16-plane) through manually tracing ventricular endocardial borders in end diastole and end systole. Stroke volumes were then calculated. LV volume was also measured by 2DE Simpson's rule using GE VIVID 7 ultrasound machine.     

SCREENING FOR A 21-CHROMOSOME ABNORMALITY IN PREIMPLANTED EMBRYOS OF ELDERLY WOMEN

Increasing maternal age is the only etiological factor unequivocally linked to Down's syndrome in humans. The occurrence rate of newborns with Down's syndrome is about 1/220 in women over 35 years old. However, the occurrence rate in embryos fertilized in vitro, of the elder woman is unclear. Using FISH we screened the number of chromosome 21 in preimplanted embryos of 5 elderly women (average age, 38.4 years) to study the feasibility and necessity of screening trisomy 21 in embryos in patients over 35 years old at the in vitro fertilization (IVF) center.