TGF-β1在氟中毒大鼠切牙牙髓中的表达

目的:研究过量氟对大鼠牙髓细胞TGF-β1表达的影响。方法:20只Wister大鼠,随机分为对照组和实验组。对照组用等量蒸馏水灌胃,实验组以20mg.kg-1.d-1氟化钠水灌胃。8周后处死动物,利用磨片、HE染色、免疫组化染色技术观察过量氟对大鼠切牙形态及TGF-β1表达的影响。采用SPSS10.0软件对数据进行t检验。结果:实验组大鼠切牙釉质牙本质生长线明显,球间牙本质增多,牙髓细胞及髓腔内侧牙本质TGF-β1表达显著弱于对照组,差异有显著性(P<0.01)。结论:过量氟可抑制牙髓细胞表达TGF-β1,影响牙体硬组织的结构。     

牙本质涎蛋白在氟中毒大鼠牙髓组织和牙本质中的表达和意义

目的:研究氟中毒对大鼠牙髓及牙本质表达DSP的影响。方法:选择20只Wistar大鼠,随机分为对照组(饮用自来水,水氟浓度0.16 mg/L)和给氟组(水氟浓度100 mg/L)。3个月后处死大鼠,利用HE染色、免疫组化染色观察氟中毒对牙本质结构和DSP表达的影响。结果:100 mg/L组牙本质生长线明显加重,出现大量球间牙本质。DSP蛋白在牙本质、成牙本质细胞、牙髓细胞中均有不同程度的表达,在牙本质层内侧的成牙本质细胞和牙髓细胞的染色强度2组间无明显区别(P>0.05)。在给氟组,强烈的DSP染色持续出现在前期牙本质层和矿化的牙本质层(P<0.05),表现为加重的生长线。结论:DSP在氟中毒组牙本质中表达明显增强,推测氟可能影响DSP蛋白的降解,影响牙本质的正常矿化。     

过量氟对大鼠切牙碱性成纤维细胞生长因子表达的影响

目的 研究过量氟对大鼠切牙碱性成纤维细胞生长因子（basic fibroblast growth factor，bFGF）表达的影响，从分子水平探讨氟牙症的发病机制。方法将20只Wistar大鼠按随机数字表法随机分为两组：对照组（饮用蒸馏水）和实验组（饮用100mg／L氟化水），复制氟牙症动物模型，8周末处死动物，获取切牙标本，免疫组化染色观察bFGF在大鼠切牙的表达定位及其在对照组与实验组切牙表达的变化。结果bFGF在分泌期成釉细胞、成牙本质细胞中均呈阳性表达。实验组bFGF的表达明显弱于对照组，差异有统计学意义（P〈0．01）。结论过量氟可抑制bFGF的表达，从而影响上皮与间充质之间的相互介导作用，导致釉质发育障碍。     

过量氟对大鼠下切牙发育过程中釉蛋白表达的影响

目的 研究过量氟对大鼠下切牙发育过程中釉蛋白表达的影响。方法 选择20只Wistar大鼠,随机分成实验组和对照组。饲养8周后处死,利用HE染色和免疫组织化学染色的方法观察过量氟对大鼠成釉细胞形态及釉蛋白表达的影响。结果 实验组大鼠下切牙成釉细胞由原有的高柱状结构变矮,细胞排列成多层,釉基质形成混乱,成釉细胞和成牙本质细胞中釉蛋白表达明显低于对照组,其差异有统计学意义（P<0.01）。结论 过量氟可抑制釉蛋白表达,影响釉质发育。     

过量氟对大鼠切牙Shh表达的影响

目的 研究过量氟对大鼠切牙Shh(Sonic Hedgehog)表达的影响,从分子水平探讨氟斑牙的发病机制.方法 20只Wistar大鼠随机分为2组:对照组(饮用蒸馏水)和实验组(饮用100 mg/L氟化水),复制氟斑牙动物模型,8周末处死动物,获取切牙标本,免疫组化染色观察Shh在大鼠切牙的表达定位及在对照组与实验组切牙表达的变化.结果 Shh在分泌期成釉细胞、成牙本质阳性表达.实验组Shh的表达明显弱于对照组,差异有显著性(P＜.01).结论 过量氟可能通过抑制Shh的表达,从而影响牙齿发育的启动和随后的细胞分化,导致釉质发育障碍.     

碱性成纤维因子用于犬牙盖髓剂的实验研究

目的探讨碱性成纤维因子(bFGF)对犬牙髓损伤修复的影响。方法选取健康英国小猎兔犬牙齿64颗,分为bFGF盖髓组、Dycal盖髓组及ZOE盖髓组。进行直接盖髓术,观察术后14天和28天修复性牙本质形成及牙髓组织学变化。免疫组化检测骨形成蛋白表达情况。结果术后14天:实验组及阳性对照组有纤维性基质形成,无牙本质桥形成;术后28天:实验组及阳性对照组有骨样牙本质桥、管状牙本质形成,阴性对照组无牙本质桥形成。结论bFGF在体内能够有效诱导牙髓细胞分化,形成修复性牙本质。     

过量氟对大鼠切牙发育过程中Smad3表达的影响

目的：研究过量氟对大鼠切牙发育过程中Smad3表达的影响，探讨氟斑牙的发病机制。方法：选择20只Wistar大鼠，随机分成2组：Ⅰ组（蒸馏水组）和Ⅱ组（0．1g／L F^-）。饲养8周处死动物，利用免疫组化染色的方法观察过量氟对大鼠成釉细胞及成牙本质细胞中Smad3表达的影响。结果：免疫组化结果经图像分析显示实验组大鼠切牙成釉细胞及成牙本质细胞中Smad3的表达均低于对照组（P〈0．01），存在显著性差异。结论：过量氟可能通过抑制Smad3的表达来干扰上皮和间充质之间正常的信号转导，进而使釉质的分化发育受到影响。这有可能是氟牙症发生的细胞内机制之一。     

过量氟对大鼠切牙骨涎蛋白表达的影响

目的:研究过量氟对牙硬组织发育过程中骨涎蛋白(bonesialoprotein,BSP)时空表达的影响,从蛋白水平上探讨氟牙症的发病机制。方法:20只Wistar大鼠随机分为对照组(饮用蒸馏水)和实验组(100mg/LF-)2组。饲养8周后处死动物,通过免疫组织化学染色观察并比较BSP在对照组与实验组大鼠牙胚上皮中的表达,采用计算机图像分析系统对免疫组化染色阳性结果进行计算机图像分析,采用SASv6.12统计软件对2组图像分析结果进行t检验。结果:对照组,各期成釉细胞排列均匀整齐,细胞形态正常,成熟的成釉细胞、成牙本质细胞、成牙骨质细胞中BSP表达为阳性;实验组,大鼠切牙成釉细胞由原有的高柱状变矮,细胞排列成多层,釉基质形成混乱,大鼠牙胚上皮中BSP表达显著低于对照组,P<0.01。结论:氟化物能抑制大鼠牙胚上皮BSP的表达,提示氟可能通过抑制BSP在牙胚发育过程中的表达,从而抑制牙胚上皮细胞(成釉细胞、成牙本质细胞、成牙骨质细胞)的增殖分化及随后的基质合成与分泌,导致氟斑牙的形成。     

过量氟对大鼠切牙牙本质涎蛋白mRNA表达的影响

目的研究过量氟对大鼠切牙发育过程中牙本质涎蛋白(dentin sialoprotein,DSP)mRNA表达的影响。方法选择6只Wistar大鼠,随机分成两组:对照组常规饲料喂养,自由饮用蒸馏水;实验组常规饲料喂养,自由饮用氟离子浓度为100 mg/L的氟化水,建立大鼠氟斑牙模型。饲养8周处死动物,提取大鼠切牙组织总RNA,逆转录为cDNA,利用实时荧光定量聚合酶链反应技术观察过量氟对大鼠切牙中DSP mRNA表达的影响。结果实时荧光定量聚合酶链反应结果显示DSP mRNA在实验组表达水平明显高于对照组表达水平(t=2.132,P<0.01)。结论过量氟可能通过增强DSP mRNA的表达,影响牙本质的发育矿化。     

Effect of overdose fluoride on the expression of DSP mRNA in rat incisors

目的 研究过量氟对大鼠切牙发育过程中牙本质涎蛋白( dentin sialoprotein,DSP) mRNA表达的影响.方法 选择6只Wistar大鼠,随机分成两组:对照组常规饲料喂养,自由饮用蒸馏水;实验组常规饲料喂养,自由饮用氟离子浓度为100 mg/L的氟化水,建立大鼠氟斑牙模型.饲养8周处死动物,提取大鼠切牙组织总RNA,逆转录为cDNA,利用实时荧光定量聚合酶链反应技术观察过量氟对大鼠切牙中DSP mRNA表达的影响.结果 实时荧光定量聚合酶链反应结果显示DSP mRNA在实验组表达水平明显高于对照组表达水平(t=2.132,P＜0.01).结论 过量氟可能通过增强DSP mRNA的表达,影响牙本质的发育矿化.     

Evidence of the validity of a model of determinants of quality of restorative dental care

A model describing the relationship between self-reported quality of restorative dentistry and dentist characteristics for 119 Montana general dentists is presented. The best predictors formed a significant model explaining 22% of the variance of the quality measure. Results are contrasted with a previous estimation of the model for 102 Washington general practitioners. Evidence for the external validity of the model is presented.     

Experimental evidence of formation of imines in the course of reduction of hydrazones

The reduction of hydrazones is generally suggested to proceed through a reductive cleavage of the nitrogen–nitrogen bond followed by a reduction of the carbon–nitrogen bond. This sequence of reduction processes is here supported for fluorenone (V) and benzophenone (VI) hydrazones as well as by a comparison of the reduction of fluorenone and benzophenone hydrazonium ions (I,III) with corresponding imines (II,IV). Another proof of the presence of imines as intermediates is the splitting of four-electron waves of hydrazones V and VI and hydrazonium ions I and VIII into two waves at pH < 2. This has been interpreted as due to differences in slopes dE_1/2/dpH and pK_a-values of protonated hydrazine derivatives on one side and corresponding imines on the other. In this pH-range imines formed in reductions of VI and VIII are reduced in a single two-electron wave, those of I and V in two one-electron steps. Fluorenone imine (II) is sufficiently stable to allow recording of time-independent current–voltage curves between pH 6 and 11. In this pH-range the imine (II) is reduced in two one-electron steps. Benzophenone imine (IV) has been found stable between pH 4.6 and 12. At pH 4.6–8 the reduction of the imine IV takes place in a single two-electron step, at pH 8–12 in two one-electron steps. Final proof of the initial cleavage of the N–N bond is presented by comparison with the reduction of nitrones.     

不同剂型玻璃离子水门汀溶解性比较研究

目的:研究、比较不同剂型玻璃离子水门汀的溶解性和表面微观形态改变,为临床使用提供依据.方法:将3M树脂加强型玻璃离子水门汀(水粉剂型)、GC玻璃离子水门汀(水粉剂型)及GC玻璃离子水门汀(双糊剂型)分别在人工唾液中浸泡30 d,冷热循环15000次,烘干测重,比较前后质量变化,计算溶解率,并用扫描电镜观察表面微观改变.结果:不同剂型的玻璃离子水门汀溶解率由高到低分别为3M树脂加强型玻璃离子水门汀(水粉剂型)、GC玻璃离子水门汀(水粉剂型)、GC玻璃离子水门汀(双糊剂型).3种玻璃离子水门汀经浸泡溶解后,SEM扫描表面微观形态可观察到GE玻璃离子水门汀(双糊剂型)表面形态改变较少,其他2组玻璃离子水门汀表面微观改变较多.结论:双糊剂型玻璃离子水门汀理化性能及溶解率均低于传统水粉剂型,是未来临床修复治疗的的良好选择.     

Evaluation of efficacy of chemiluminescence for diagnosis of leukoplakia

ObjectiveLeukoplakia is the most common potentially malignant disorder preceding oral cancer. Chemiluminescence has been developed as an adjunct to conventional examination for the diagnosis of these potentially malignant disorders. This study was conducted to assess the efficacy of chemiluminescence in the diagnosis of leukoplakia and to compare the results with histopathological examination.Study designA total of 50 patients with leukoplakia were included from the outpatients attending the Department of Oral Medicine and Radiology, Dental Hospital, Bengaluru, Karnataka, India. These patients were subjected to conventional oral examination followed by chemiluminescent examination with Vizilite (Zila, Fort Collins, CO, USA) and biopsy for histopathological confirmation.ResultsThe sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value, and negative predictive value of chemiluminescence were 93.75%, 55.56%, 78.95%, and 83.3%, respectively. The overall accuracy of chemiluminescence was 80%. A statistically significant association was observed between histopathology results and chemiluminescence results.ConclusionAlthough it is an easy, safe, minimal time consuming, and noninvasive technique, it has only adjunctive utility and it does not replace biopsy for the diagnosis of leukoplakia.     

颌骨动静脉畸形的栓塞治疗

目的：总结直接穿刺结合经血管内介入栓塞治疗颌骨动静脉静脉畸形的经验。方法：收治凳骨动静脉畸形患者6例,均进行了介入栓塞治疗。采用的栓塞材料为附凝血棉纤毛的螺圈,聚乙烯醇泡沫微粒和二氰基丙烯酸对丁酯。数字减影颈动脉造影在PHILIPSV300下完成。结果6例颌骨动静脉畸形患者中4,例急性出血得到了快速、有效控制,1例慢性渗血的右下 骨动静脉畸形患者,介入栓塞治疗,拔除松动的右下凳第一磨牙,有效地控制了出血,另1例伴局部软组织搏动性膨隆的上凳骨动静脉畸形患者,介入治疗后膨隆的搏动性得到明显改善,栓塞治疗后分别随访3－24个月,均未发现有口腔内渗血或出血。随访的X线片上,病灶区可见新骨形成。结论：局部穿刺结合经血管内介入栓塞治疗颌骨动静畸形是一种安全、有效的治疗方法。     

Design of clinical trials of traditional therapies of periodontitis

The present paper on the design of clinical trials of periodontal therapy first addresses the issue of the etiology of periodontal disease. It is suggested that most if not all forms of destructive periodontal disease are caused by microorganisms and that there are different forms of disease with different microbial etiologies. The progressive nature of destructive periodontal disease is subsequently discussed and it is emphasized that, in a given patient, periodontal sites which show signs of inflammation and attachment loss may not over a period of several months and years show further sign of attachment loss. The present methods of assessing periodontal disease do not allow us to discriminate between potentially active and inactive sites in untreated patients. The significance and variability of indicators of periodontal disease such as bleeding on probing, probing pocket depth and probing attachment level measurements are discussed. The errors inherent in the various measurements are analyzed and suggestions are presented describing how alterations in any of the above parameters could be identified and presented in a clinical trial. Of concern for the statistical analysis of clinical data of periodontal disease is the definition of the "experimental unit". For a number of years, the "experimental unit" in periodontal trials was the patient. It is clear, however, that different sites within the same individual show different patterns of disease progression and lesion morphology and often respond differently to periodontal therapy. Statistical analyses must consequently be designed which recognize differences in site-to-site infection and lesion morphology within a common host. Until such analyses are available, the investigator should be wary of pooling data within the same individual, since such pooling may obscure meaningful alternatives which may take place in individual periodontal sites. Some goals of periodontal therapy are subsequently identified. 4 goals are discussed more in detail, namely: to establish conditions which will allow the patient to maintain a dentition without further breakdown of the periodontium; to reduce pocket depth to establish an anatomy in the dentogingival region which with proper maintainance care will prevent the re-establishment of the subgingival infection; to gain attachment as a result of treatment; to assess the effect of a certain chemotherapeutic agent on periodontal disease.     

正畸患者切牙影像失真发生情况分析

目的研究正畸患者曲面体层片上的切牙影像失真发生情况，并分析其原因。 方法从中山大学附属口腔医院放射科影像数据库中选取500例正畸患者的曲面体层片和头影测量侧位片，所有曲面体层片均采用咬合杆投照，分别从切牙牙体影像放大、缩小、牙根变短、根尖模糊等评价指标分析上下颌切牙影像失真的发生情况，在头影测量侧位片上测量中切牙根尖-对颌切牙切缘的距离，探讨切牙影像失真发生的原因。采用SPSS 19.0统计软件对所得数据进行统计学检验。 结果500例患者中，切牙牙体影像正常者共417例，切牙牙体影像失真者共83例，影像失真发生率16.6%，其中切牙牙体影像放大17例、牙体影像缩小0例、牙根变短30例，牙根影像变短伴模糊36例。影像失真患者的根尖-切缘距离大于影像正常的患者，差异有统计学意义（F = 5 187.18，P = 0）；影像失真患者的覆盖值大于影像正常的患者，差异有统计学意义（F>477，P = 0）。 结论严重牙颌面畸形如反 、深覆盖是导致曲面体层片的切牙影像失真的主要原因之一。     

正常青年Monson球面半径的测量研究

目的测量正常青年Monson球面半径。方法选择60名(男30名,女30名)正常青年制取全口印模,应用立体摄影成像的原理与方法对Monson球面半径进行测量和统计学处理。结果Monson球面的半径平均为10.173 cm,大于理论值10.160 cm,差异有显著性(P<0.01);男、女性球面半径差异无显著性。结论本实验所得到的数据可作为全口义齿修复中记录颌位关系的一个参量。     

鼻测量法的进展

唇裂术后继发畸形是指唇裂修复术后,仍遗留或继发于手术操作和生长发育变化而表现出来的一类畸形[1]。包括唇畸形、鼻畸形和颌骨畸形。其修复较原发性唇裂修复更复杂,更灵活多变。而导致其修复复杂性的一个重要原因即是局部组织结构复杂变异和缺乏可靠的三维测量手段[2],鼻畸形     

下颌角骨折治疗后并发症的临床分析

目的研究下颌角骨折治疗后并发症,分析原因并提出预防方法。方法回顾分析我院206例下颌角骨折患者的治疗及并发症情况,分颌间固定组62例,内固定组120例,颅颌绷带组24例。结果治疗后发生的并发症有骨感染4例,医源性损伤2例,牙合干扰3例,错牙合畸形2例,颞下颌关节功能紊乱病2例。结论下颌角骨折的治疗应首选坚强内固定,应选择正确的手术方案,加强术前、术后抗感染治疗及术后肌功能训练,对骨折线上的阻生齿应尽可能保留,以减少并发症。