肠道准备方法对膀胱癌患者术后肠道清洁度和药物服用依从性的影响

目的 分析不同肠道准备方法对膀胱癌患者术后药物治疗的影响.方法 选择2013年10月至2014年11月来本院治疗膀胱癌的患者84例,随机分成对照组和研究组,各42例.两组均采用常规肠道准备方法,对照组同时服用蓖麻油后灌肠,研究组同时服用聚乙二醇电解质+蓖麻油后灌肠,观察两组肠道准备效果.结果 研究组肠道清洁情况明显优于对照组,不良反应发生率明显少于对照组,术后用药依从性明显高于对照组,差异均有统计学意义(P＜0.05).结论 对膀胱癌患者采用常规肠道准备方法加聚乙二醇电解质+蓖麻油后灌肠效果更明显,能有效地减少肠道准备时不良反应的发生率,提高肠道清洁度及术后用药的依从性,可作为膀胱癌患者术前肠道准备的首选方法.     

复方聚乙二醇电解质散与番泻叶在结肠镜检查前肠道准备中的应用

为观察复方聚乙二醇电解质散与番泻叶联合应用在结肠镜检查前肠道准备的临床效果,将复方聚乙二醇电解质散与番泻叶联合应用为观察组和单用复方聚乙二醇电解质散为对照组,观察术前的排便次数和粪便性状、术中的肠道清洁满意度。结果显示．观察组排便结束时间明显短于对照组（P〈0．05）。肠道清洁满意度观察组为80．6％（162／201）,对照组为69．6％（133／191）（P〈0．05）。结果表明,复方聚乙二醇电解质散与番泻叶联合应用在结肠镜检查前肠道准备的效果比单用复方聚乙二醇电解质散效果好。     

结肠灌注在痔术前肠道准备中的效果观察

目的:观察痔患者术前使用结肠灌注与传统的清洁灌肠两种肠道准备的临床效果。方法:将432例拟手术的痔患者按单、双序号分为两组,每组216例,单序号为结肠灌注方法行肠道准备为实验组,双序号患者为传统清洁灌肠方法行肠道准备为对照组。结果:两组患者在术中有残留液例数及术后24h内排便例数比较有显著性差异(P<0.05),而术后排便平均天数两组无差异(P>0.05)。结论:使用结肠灌注较常规清洁灌肠法能明显减少术中直肠残留液及术后24h内排便。     

不同肠道准备法的清洁效果与切口细菌状况的实验研究

目的探讨不同肠道准备方法对肠道手术肠管清洁效果与切口细菌状况的影响。方法将60只实验大鼠采用随机数字表法分为三组各20只,分别采用50%硫酸镁导泻联合0.1%肥皂水灌肠法(A组)、聚乙二醇电解质散剂灌胃(B组)、甘露醇灌胃(C组)进行术前肠道准备。结果术中三组都观察到结肠内空虚、清洁、管腔塌陷。A组细菌计数(3 220.0±311.2)个、B组细菌数(2 224.0±347.8)个、C组细菌数(2 524.0±296.7)个;A组肠道术口细菌数显著高于B组及C组(均P0.01),而B组与C组术口细菌数比较,差异无统计学意义(P0.05)。结论聚乙二醇电解质散剂和甘露醇灌胃顺行清洁肠道,对清除肠腔细菌效果好于硫酸镁导泻联合肥皂水灌肠。     

复方聚乙二醇电解质散应用于混合痔患者术前肠道准备的临床观察

目的 比较复方聚乙二醇电解质散和甘露醇应用于混合痔患者术前肠道准备的效果和使用体会。方法 回顾性分析从2017年1月至2017年6月我医院收治的64例混合痔患者,根据患者术前肠道准备口服复方聚乙二醇电解质散者为观察组,32例;口服20%甘露醇注射液肠道准备者为对照组,32例。观察两组患者的手术效果和术后并发症,以及口服药物后首次排便时长、术后肛门排气时长以及不良情况发生率。结果 观察组患者首次排便时长为2.31±0.54h,对照组的为4.04±0.55h,P<0.001;观察组患者术后肛门排气时长为17.03±1.60h,对照组的为20.19±1.38h,P<0.001;观察组患者不良情况1例,发生率为3.1%,对照组的为8例,25.0%,P=0.031。结论 混合痔患者术前予以口服复方聚乙二醇电解质散肠道准备效果良好,且能有效地促进肠道功能恢复,副作用少。     

磷酸钠盐口服溶液在低位直肠癌保肛术肠道准备中的应用

目的总结应用一次性肛肠吻合器（PPH）完成超低位直肠癌结肠肛管吻合术要点,分析磷酸钠盐口服溶液在低位直肠癌保肛术肠道准备中应用的临床效果。方法选择涿州市医院2011年5月至2012年6月收治的69例超低位直肠癌患者,按照数字表随机分为试验组（35例）和对照组（34例）,分别采用口服磷酸钠盐口服溶液与口服蓖麻油方法行术前肠道准备,应用PPH器械完成超低位直肠癌结肠肛管吻合术。比较两组患者的一般临床资料,术前准备时间和不适症状,术中肠壁水肿、出血量、肠腔清洁情况,以及术后肠道恢复时间、腹泻等指标。结果69例患者手术顺利。在术前准备时间、其间不适症状、术中肠壁水肿、术后肠道恢复时间方面,试验组优于对照组（P〈0．05）;但在术中出血量、术中肠腔清洁、术后腹泻方面,两组差异无统计学意义。结论磷酸钠盐口服溶液进行肠道准备耗时短,术中肠壁水肿轻,清洁效果显著,术后肠道恢复时间短,不良反应较少,安全、有效、实用,值得临床推广。     

恒康正清用于妇科腹腔镜手术前肠道准备的对比研究

目的 探讨妇科腹腔镜术前肠道准备的有效方法.方法将166例妇科腹腔镜手术患者随机分为三组.A组(53例)术前1 d 19:30口服恒康正清2盒,B组(56例)术前1 d 16:00服药2盒,C组(57例)分别于术前1 d 16:00和19:30各服药1盒.结果 三组肠道清洁效果及末次排便与清洁灌肠间隔时间比较,差异有统...     

聚乙二醇电解质散溶液用于胃癌术前肠道清洁的临床观察

目的 探讨胃癌患者术前肠道清洁的有效方法.方法 将120例术前需肠道清洁的胃癌患者随机分为观察组和对照组各60例,观察组术前口服聚乙二醇电解质散溶液,对照组常规口服甘露醇溶液.结果 观察组灌肠次数显著少于对照组(P＜0.01),肠道清洁获佳率显著高于对照组(P＜0.05),术后首次排气、排便时间显著早于对照组(均P＜0.01).结论 口服聚乙二醇电解质散溶液用于术前肠道清洁效果理想,且胃肠功能恢复快,无并发症发生.     

复方聚乙二醇4000和甘露醇在结肠镜肠道准备中的作用比较

目的 探讨复方聚乙二醇4000用于肠道清洁准备的方法价值.方法 选择在我科行结肠镜检查的患者200例,均无禁忌证,随机分为2组,各100例.于检查前A组口服25%甘露醇,B组口服复方聚乙二醇4000,从肠道清洁度和不良反应情况进行比较,并进行统计学分析.结果 A组和B组的肠道准备有效率分别为67%、91%,P<0.01,差异有统计学意义.B组的不良反应少见.结论 复方聚乙二醇4000用于结肠镜检查前的肠道准备效果比较好,患者易接受.     

揿针在结肠镜检查肠道准备中的护理干预研究

目的:探讨揿针联合聚乙二醇电解质散(polyethylene glycol,PEG)口服在结肠镜检查肠道准备中的效果。方法:按照便利抽样法将2018年10月—2019年1月拟进行结肠镜检查的120例住院患者分为观察组60例和对照组60例,分别安排在同一科室的A、B两个病区,观察组采用揿针针刺足三里、上巨虚和内关穴联合PEG口服进行肠道准备;对照组仅采用口服PEG行肠道准备。分别统计两组Boston肠道准备评分(boston bowel preparation scale,BBPS)、排便次数、结肠镜操作时间(由开始进镜到退出肛门的时间)、盲肠插管率和不良反应的发生率。结果:干预后两组BBPS评分、排便次数、结肠镜操作时间、盲肠插管率及服药后腹胀、恶心发生率均有统计学差异(P<0.05),两组患者服药后腹胀、腹痛和低血糖的发生率无显著差异(P>0.05)。结论:揿针联合PEG口服可以提高患者肠道清洁的效果,增加排便次数,缩短结肠镜操作时间,降低口服PEG后腹胀、恶心的发生率。     

The excretory urogram bowel preparation--is it necessary?

A prospective randomized study was undertaken to determine whether prior bowel preparation improves the diagnostic quality of the excretory urogram. From August 1986 to May 1987, 107 outpatients having an excretory urogram on an elective basis were randomized into 3 groups: group 1 received castor oil, group 2 received x-ray preparation and group 3 received clear fluids 24 hours before the study. The quality of the bowel preparation and the excretory urogram was graded separately on a scale of 1 to 5. More than 71 per cent of the bowel preparations were graded as 4 (very good) or 5 (excellent) and more than 91 per cent of the films were graded as 4 or 5 in all 3 groups. The quality of the excretory urogram was graded as 5/5 in a greater number of group 3 cases. Patients reported a high incidence of side effects from both bowel preparations, while no adverse effects were reported from those in group 3. The administration of a bowel preparation compared to that of clear fluids alone made no difference to either the quality of the bowel preparation or the diagnostic quality of the film.     

肠内营养用于术前肠道准备对结直肠癌患者腹腔和肠腔脱落癌细胞及复发转移的影响

目的探讨术前肠内营养代替肠道准备对结直肠癌患者腹腔和肠腔脱落癌细胞及转移复发的影响。方法2007年3月至2011年12月问前瞻性人组120例结直肠癌者,按随机数字表法随机分为试验组和对照组,每组60例。试验组于术前3d起每日口服30ml／kg肠内营养液,不进行灌肠,不口服泻药和抗生素;对照组采用传统肠道准备,包括术前禁食、口服抗生素和清洁灌肠。两组患者均于开腹后用400ml生理盐水冲洗肿瘤所在局部腹腔,抽取腹腔冲洗液200ml,迅速送检;并于肿瘤切除后肠吻合前,用1000ml生理盐水灌洗远端结直肠腔,收集肠腔冲洗液500ml,迅速送检。比较两组患者腹腔和肠腔内脱落的癌细胞阳性率及术后并发症发生率和复发转移率。结果试验组患者腹腔和肠腔内脱落癌细胞阳性率分别为8．3％（5／60）和15．0％（9／60）．明显低于对照组患者的12．5％（13／60）和31．7％（19／60）（P=0．041和P=O．031）。试验组和对照组分别有55例和57例患者完成随访,随访时间16—46个月;两组局部复发率[5．5％（3／55）比7．0％（4／57）,P=O．733]、远处转移率[10．9％（6／55）比10．5％（6／57）,P=O．984]和3年总体生存率（80％比78％,P=O．312）的差异均无统计学意义。结论术前肠内营养可减少结直肠癌患者腹腔和肠腔脱落癌细胞的阳性率,但并不影响术后局部复发率和远处转移率。     

结直肠手术前3种机械肠道准备药物的临床效果比较

为探讨口服磷酸钠溶液与复方聚乙二醇电解质散剂行肠道准备的安全性和实用性,将60例结直肠手术患者随机分为3组,分别采用口服磷酸钠溶液（SP组）、复方聚乙二醇电解质散剂（PEG组）和甘露醇组行手术前的肠道准备,观察每组肠道准备前后的血清学指标,肠道清洁程度,患者对药物的耐受性以及手术前后患者的一般情况。3组肠道准备方法在患者的血清学指标,肠道清洁程度等方面无显著性差异,但甘露醇组的腹泻次数明显多于SP组及PEG组,且耐受性较低。结果表明,口服磷酸钠溶液及复方聚乙二醇电解质散剂肠道准备法是安全、可靠的,具有较好的实用价值。     

Preoperative polyethylene glycol versus a single enema in elective bowel surgery

BACKGROUND: At the beginning of 2004, a large Dutch randomized study comparing mechanical bowel preparation with a single preoperative enema reported no differences in anastomotic leakage rates, septic complications, or mortality. On the basis of this study, this institution abandoned the routine practice of bowel preparation with polyethylene glycol and introduced a single preoperative enema. METHODS: A consecutive series of 78 patients undergoing elective colorectal surgery with mechanical bowel preparation using polyethylene glycol (PG group) was compared to a consecutive series of 71 patients with a single preoperative enema (SE group). The PG group was operated between June 2003 and December 2004, the SE group between January 2005 and January 2006. Mortality, anastomotic leakage, and infectious and noninfectious complications were compared. RESULTS: Mortality, anastomotic leakage, frequency of reoperations, and hospital stay were comparable for both groups. The overall postoperative morbidity was significantly higher in the SE group (26 vs. 9, p = 0.003). Specifically, the incidence of wound infections was significantly higher in the SE group (7 vs. 1, p = 0.041). Furthermore, a trend was observed in the incidence of intra-abdominal infections which was higher in the SE group (8 vs. 2, p = 0.070). Also a trend toward more extra-abdominal infectious complications was seen in the SE group (11 vs. 4, p = 0.086). CONCLUSIONS: Based on both the conflicting data currently available from different randomized studies and our results, the preoperative bowel preparation protocol in our institution has been changed. All left-sided colonic resections, in patients who can tolerate mechanical bowel preparation, are prepared with polyethylene glycol.     

Colon and rectal surgery without mechanical bowel preparation: a randomized prospective trial

OBJECTIVE: To assess whether elective colon and rectal surgery can be safely performed without preoperative mechanical bowel preparation. SUMMARY BACKGROUND DATA: Mechanical bowel preparation is routinely done before colon and rectal surgery, aimed at reducing the risk of postoperative infectious complications. However, in cases of penetrating colon trauma, primary colonic anastomosis has proven to be safe even though the bowel is not prepared. METHODS: Patients undergoing elective colon and rectal resections with primary anastomosis were prospectively randomized into two groups. Group A had mechanical bowel preparation with polyethylene glycol before surgery, and group B had their surgery without preoperative mechanical bowel preparation. Patients were followed up for 30 days for wound, anastomotic, and intra-abdominal infectious complications. RESULTS: Three hundred eighty patients were included in the study, 187 in group A and 193 in group B. Demographic characteristics, indications for surgery, and type of surgical procedure did not significantly differ between the two groups. Colo-colonic or colorectal anastomosis was performed in 63% of the patients in group A and 66% in group B. There was no difference in the rate of surgical infectious complications between the two groups. The overall infectious complications rate was 10.2% in group A and 8.8% in group B. Wound infection, anastomotic leak, and intra-abdominal abscess occurred in 6.4%, 3.7%, and 1.1% versus 5.7%, 2.1%, and 1%, respectively. CONCLUSIONS: These results suggest that elective colon and rectal surgery may be safely performed without mechanical preparation.     

Senna vs polyethylene glycol for mechanical preparation the evening before elective colonic or rectal resection: a multicenter controlled trial. French Association for Surgical Research.

HYPOTHESIS: Senna is more efficient than polyethylene glycol as mechanical preparation before elective colorectal surgery. DESIGN: Prospective, randomized, single-blind study. SETTING: Multicenter study (18 centers). PATIENTS: Five hundred twenty-three consecutive patients with colonic or rectal carcinoma or sigmoid diverticular disease, undergoing elective colonic or rectal resection followed by immediate anastomosis. INTERVENTION: Two hundred sixty-two patients were randomly allotted to receive senna (1 package diluted in a glass of water) and 261 to receive polyethylene glycol (2 packages diluted in 2-3 L of water), administered the evening before surgery. All patients received 5% povidone iodine antiseptic enemas (2 L) the evening and the morning before surgery. Ceftriaxone sodium and metronidazole were given intravenously at anesthetic induction. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Degree of colonic and rectal cleanliness. RESULTS: Colonic cleanliness was better (P=.006), fecal matter in the colonic lumen was less fluid (P=.001), and the risk for moderate or large intraoperative fecal soiling was lower (P=.11) with senna. Overall, clinical tolerance did not differ significantly between groups, but 20 patients receiving polyethylene glycol (vs 16 with senna) had to interrupt their preparation, and 15 patients (vs 8 with senna) complained of abdominal distension. Senna, however, was better tolerated (P = .03) in the presence of stenosis. There was no statistically significant difference found in the number of patients with postoperative infective complications (14.7% vs 17.7%) or anastomotic leakage (5.3% vs 5.7%) with senna and polyethylene glycol, respectively. CONCLUSION: Mechanical preparation before colonic or rectal resection with senna is better and easier than with polyethylene glycol and should be proposed in patients undergoing colonic or rectal resection, especially patients with stenosis.     

番泻叶颗粒复合聚乙二醇用于结肠镜检查肠道准备

目的：探讨番泻叶颗粒复合复方聚乙二醇电解质散在结肠镜检查中的肠道清洁效果。方法：将接受结肠镜检查的 240 例患者随机分为对照组和观察组各 120 例,对照组服用 2 L PEG 和安慰剂,观察组服用 2 L PEG 和 20 g 番泻叶颗粒。对比分析两组肠道准备质量、进镜时间以及息肉检出率。结果：观察组的肠道准备合格率为 83.6%,高于对照组的 62.6%（P<0.05）。而进镜时间观察为（18.16±10.11）min,对照组为（20.38±11.01）min,两组比较无统计学差异（P>0.05）,息肉检出率观察组（24.1%）和对照组（16.5%）比较无统计学差异（P>0.05）。结论：番泻叶颗粒复合复方聚乙二醇电解质散可以提高肠道准备质量。     

复方聚乙二醇电解质散联合乳果糖在结肠镜肠道准备中的应用观察

目的:比较复方聚乙二醇电解质散联合乳果糖、单纯复方聚乙二醇电解质散及硫酸镁在结肠镜肠道准备中的应用效果。方法:选取在我院脾胃科接受结肠镜检查的患者126例,随机分成3组,对照组、观察A组、观察B组,每组42例,对照组口服硫酸镁清肠,观察A组口服复方聚乙二醇电解质散清肠,观察B组口服复方聚乙二醇电解质联合乳果糖清肠,根据Boston肠道准备量表对肠道进行分段评分,计算肠道清洁率,并记录患者在肠道准备过程中不良反应的发生情况,比较3组的上述指标。结果:观察A组和观察B组肠道清洁有效率分别为92.85%、95.24%,明显优于对照组(80.95%),差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05)。但是观察B组在肠道清洁非常满意率明显优于观察A组,差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05)。观察A组和观察B组肠道不良反应发生率分别为9.52%、7.14%,明显低于对照组(16.66%),差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05)。观察B组比观察A组不良反应率有所下降,但比较无统计学差异(P>0.05)。结论:复方聚乙二醇电解质散联合乳果糖应用于结肠镜检查前的肠道准备,不仅能增加肠道清洁的有效率,还可以明显提高肠道清洁的质量,而且把不良反应少,安全性高,值得临床进一步推广。     

老年人结直肠手术磷酸钠盐肠道准备法临床观察

为探讨磷酸钠盐肠道准备法对老年结直肠手术患者的安全性和实用性,将80例75岁以上的结直肠手术患者随机分为两组,各40例,分别采用磷酸钠盐溶液（试验组）和聚乙二醇电解质散剂（时照组）行手术前的肠道准备,并观测每组肠道准备前后的血清学指标、粪便厌氧菌含量、腹泻次数、肠道清洁程度、药物耐受性及围手术期患者状况等。结果显示,两种肠道准备方法在患者血清学指标、肠道清洁程度（z=1．43,P〉0．05）、术后肠鸣音出现时间（t=1．73,P〉0．05）、术后排气时间（t=1．61,P〉O．05）等方面差异尤统计学意义;但试验组在术前腹泻次数（t=9．13,P〈0．001）、术后腹泻次数（t=8．93,P〈O．001）、肠道准备后大便厌氧菌计数（t=10．21,P〈0．001）等方面明显优于对照组,且服药不适程度评分（t=15．82,P〈O．001）及药物口感欠佳度（x^2=80．0,P〈0．05）均低于对照组。结果表明,磷酸钠盐肠道准备法对老年结直肠手术患者是安全、可靠的,相比聚乙二醇电解质散剂具有史佳的实用价值。