锁定钢板与交锁髓内钉内固定治疗肱骨外科颈骨折的疗效比较

目的比较锁定钢板与交锁髓内钉内固定治疗肱骨外科颈骨折的临床疗效。方法 52例符合纳入标准的肱骨外科颈骨折分为锁定钢板组和髓内钉组,每组各26例。锁定钢板组采用切开复位锁定钢板内固定,髓内钉组采用闭合或有限切开复位交锁髓内钉内固定。比较2组手术时间、术中出血量、骨折愈合时间及术后6个月Neer肩关节功能评分。结果 52例术后获得平均7.37(6~11)个月随访。术后6个月Neer肩关节功能评分:锁定钢板组优12例,良10例,可2例,差2例,优良率84.62%;髓内钉组优12例,良11例,可2例,差1例,优良率88.46%。2组手术时间、术后6个月Neer肩关节功能评分优良率比较差异无统计学意义(P0.05)。与锁定钢板组相比,髓内钉组术中出血量减少,骨折愈合时间缩短,差异有统计学意义(P0.05)。结论锁定钢板与交锁髓内钉内固定治疗肱骨外科颈骨折术后肩关节功能无明显差异,但交锁髓内钉内固定可以减少手术创伤,促进骨折愈合。在掌握手术技巧后,建议优先选择交锁髓内钉内固定治疗肱骨外科颈骨折。     

交锁髓内钉治疗肱骨近端骨折

目的探讨肱骨近端交锁髓内钉治疗肱骨外科颈骨折临床效果。方法应用肱骨近端交锁髓内钉治疗14例肱骨近端二部分外科颈骨折和9例三部分大结节骨折患者。结果患者均获随访,时间12~28个月,骨折均骨性愈合。按照Constant-Murley肩关节评分标准评价为65~95分,其中优12例,良7例,一般4例。结论应用肱骨近端交锁髓内钉治疗肱骨近端二部分外科颈骨折和三部分大结节骨折,减少了软组织损伤,可早期行关节功能锻炼,是一种安全有效治疗方法。     

联合应用分叉状髓内钉和环抱片治疗肱骨干骺端骨折

目的 探讨交锁髓内钉在肱骨干骺端骨折中的应用，扩大交锁髓内钉的适应证。方法 回顾性分析1999年5月～2003年3月行肱骨干骺端骨折交锁髓内钉固定术的患者12例。12例肱骨骨折中，骨折线位于外科颈以上5例，距肱骨下端关节面3～4cm以内7例，其中累及肩关节2例。根据临床疗效综合评定该手术方式的可能性。结果 术后无1例发生伤口感染、骨不连、关节功能障碍等并发症。随访10～36个月，平均25个月，肱骨远近端骨折平均愈合时间分别为10周、11周，所有骨折均愈合，术后6个月正常持物。评价按Rodriquez—Merchan标准：优良11例，1例畸形愈合，优良率为91．6％。结论 在肱骨干骺端骨折中使用交锁髓内钉疗效满意，扩大了交锁髓内钉的适应证。     

闭合复位逆行交锁髓内钉治疗肱骨干骨折

目的探讨逆行交锁髓内钉治疗肱骨干骨折的方法和优点。方法采用闭合复位,应用交锁髓内钉治疗肱骨骨折42例。结果42例随访6~12个月,骨折全部愈合,桡神经损伤2例,8个月后功能恢复,肩关节及肘关节功能良好。结论闭合复位逆行交锁髓内钉治疗肱骨干骨折,具有固定牢固、并发症少、愈合快等优点。     

交锁髓内钉治疗肱骨干骨折

肱骨干骨折一般系指肱骨外科颈以下2cm至肱骨髁上2cm之间的骨折，约占全身骨折的1．31％。随着带锁髓内钉技术在长管状骨骨折中的成熟应用，笔者自2002年6月～2004年6月采用交锁髓内钉治疗肱骨干骨折26例，均获得满意效果，报告如下。     

联合应用分叉状髓内钉和环抱片治疗肱骨干骺端骨折

目的　探讨交锁髓内钉在肱骨干骺端骨折中的应用 ,扩大交锁髓内钉的适应证。方法　回顾性分析 1999年 5月～ 2 0 0 3年 3月行肱骨干骺端骨折交锁髓内钉固定术的患者 12例。 12例肱骨骨折中 ,骨折线位于外科颈以上 5例 ,距肱骨下端关节面3～ 4cm以内 7例 ,其中累及肩关节 2例。根据临床疗效综合评定该手术方式的可能性。结果　术后无 1例发生伤口感染、骨不连、关节功能障碍等并发症。随访 10～ 36个月 ,平均 2 5个月 ,肱骨远近端骨折平均愈合时间分别为 10周、 11周 ,所有骨折均愈合 ,术后 6个月正常持物。评价按Rodriquez-Merchan标准 :优良 11例 ,1例畸形愈合 ,优良率为 91 6 %。结论　在肱骨干骺端骨折中使用交锁髓内钉疗效满意 ,扩大了交锁髓内钉的适应证。     

逆行交锁髓内钉治疗肱骨干骨折

目的报告应用逆行交锁髓内钉治疗肱骨干骨折的疗效。方法采用肱骨交锁髓内钉逆行进钉内同定治疗肱骨干骨折16例，钢板内固定治疗肱骨干骨折17例分别从手术情况、并发症、生物力学、骨折愈合情况、功能恢复等方面进行比较与分析结果所有患随访5～18个月．平均7．6个月，髓内钉逆行内固定组：平均骨折愈合时间6．3个月．术后尺神经麻痹1例，无一例髓内钉和锁钉折弯或断裂，功能煅练时间早．骨折愈合牢固，功能恢复良好：钢板内固定：平均骨折愈合时间5．6个月，术后桡神经麻痹2例，螺钉松动、折断和钢板弯曲各1例，骨不连1例，骨延迟愈合3例．结论肱骨干骨折逆行交锁髓内钉内固定术，方法简单安全．内固定牢靠，术后并发症少．疗效优于钢板内固定术。     

交锁髓内钉与锁定钢板治疗肱骨近端骨折的疗效研究

目的 探讨交锁髓内钉与锁定钢板治疗肱骨近端骨折的近期疗效.方法 对2003年1月至2008年6月应用交锁髓内钉与锁定钢板治疗的36例肱骨近端骨折患者进行回顾性研究,男11例,女25例;年龄26～78岁,平均60.3岁.根据治疗方法不同分为交锁髓内钉组(21例)与锁定钢板组(15例).按Neer分型:交锁髓内钉组:Ⅱ型6...     

磁力导航交锁髓内钉治疗肱骨干骨折

目的对磁力导航交锁髓内钉治疗肱骨干骨折的治疗效果进行分析和评价。方法自2006年11月至2009年12月我院采用磁力导航交锁髓内钉治疗肱骨干骨折17例,其中男13例,女4例,年龄18～52岁,平均35岁。结果17肱骨干骨折均一次成功完成髓内钉的锁定及骨折固定。所有病例随访超过6个月,随访期间无一例发生锁钉、髓内钉断裂。结论磁力导航下交锁髓内钉治疗肱骨干骨折,操作简便,定位准确,手术时间短,固定可靠,疗效满意。     

逆行静力交锁髓内钉治疗闭合性肱骨干骨折

目的探讨应用逆行静力交锁髓内钉治疗闭合性肱骨干骨折的手术方法及优点。方法采用肱骨交锁髓内钉逆行静力固定治疗闭合性肱骨干骨折21例,分析临床疗效。结果18例患者获得平均14.2个月随访,骨折平均愈合时间为2个月,无骨折并发症,肩肘关节功能恢复良好。根据Neer评定标准,得分88～100分,平均(94±4)分。结论逆行静力交锁髓内钉治疗闭合性肱骨干骨折具有愈合快、并发症少等优点。     

新型交锁髓内钉治疗肱骨骨折

目的：设计出新型交锁髓内钉用于治疗肱骨骨折,方法：通过总结顺行及逆行肱骨交锁髓内钉及国人肱骨特点,设计出新型通用肱骨交锁髓内钉用于临床治疗肱骨骨折12例,结果：12例手术均获得成功,骨折全部愈合,肩－肘关节功能恢复正常,疼痛减轻或消失。结论：新型交锁髓内钉可应用于各型肱同骨折,尤其是多段,粉碎性肱骨骨折,骨不连和病理性骨折的治疗。     

带锁髓内钉治疗股骨干骨折并发症原因分析及防治

目的提高带锁髓内钉的治疗效果,减少术中术后的并发症。方法自1998年10月～2001年10月用带锁髓内钉治疗的160例股骨干骨折,随访6～18个月。结果股骨颈骨折2例,主钉折断2例,锁钉折断2例,锁钉松动退出3例,术后感染4例,骨折延迟愈合6例。结论带锁髓内钉是治疗股骨干骨折较好的治疗方法,分析产生合并症的原因后采取各种防治措施可明显降低并发症的发生率。     

非扩髓型肱骨内锁髓内钉的研制和临床应用

目的：设计出非扩髓型肱骨内锁髓内钉用于治疗肱骨骨折。方法：作者对国人尸体肱骨及其髓腔石蜡铸型进行了观察和测量，在此基础上设计出非扩髓型肱骨内锁髓内钉，用于临床治疗肱骨骨折１０例。结果：作者对平均术后１年４个月的１０例患者进行了随访，骨折愈合优良率达到９０％（９／１０），肩肘关节动度优良率达到８０％（８／１０）。结论：作者认为非扩髓型肱骨内锁髓内钉的口径和长度适合国人，手术无需扩髓，瞄准器使用方便，它治疗肱骨骨折，尤其是对多发骨折、粉碎性肱骨骨折、骨不连和病理性骨折等的治疗更适合。     

New intramedullary nail for the surgical neck fracture of the proximal humerus in elderly patients

Background Fractures of the proximal humerus are common and the repair of displaced fractures generally requires an operative approach. In elderly patients, osteoporosis makes internal fixation problematic and frequently contributes to failed fixation and poor clinical results. We have developed a new intramedullary nail (pin lock nail) for the repair of surgical neck fractures of the proximal humerus in patients with osteoporotic bones. A retrospective review is presented of the cases of 19 elderly patients with two-part or three-part fractures of the proximal humerus treated using the pin lock nail. Methods We treated 19 elderly patients with a mean age of 70.5 years. There were 13 two-part surgical neck fractures, 3 two-part surgical neck fractures with non-displaced greater tuberosity fracture, and 3 three-part surgical neck fractures with greater tuberosity fracture. All fractures were treated using the pin lock nail. Clinical results were evaluated using the Japanese Orthopaedic Association score at the last follow-up examination. On radiographic evaluation, duration to bone union of the fracture, backing out of the pin and screw, penetration of the proximal pin, and varus angulations of the humeral neck were examined. Results Mean duration of follow-up was 14 months (range 6–54 months). All fractures had united at an average of 3.3 months after surgery. No backing out of the pin and screw or penetration of the proximal locking pin was seen at the time of last follow-up. Thirteen of the 16 patients had no or minimal varus angulations of the humeral neck (≤10°). The mean overall JOA score was 84.3 points (range 65.5–100). Conclusions Our data show that using the pin lock nail for the treatment of two-part and three-part humeral fractures is a reliable procedure, providing good results with careful postoperative management.     

Treatment of ipsilateral hip and femoral shaft fractures with reconstructive intramedullary interlocking nail

Objective: To evaluate the results of reconstructive intramedullary interlocking nail in the treatment of ipsllateral hip and femoral shaft fractures. Methods: From August 1997 to November 2001, 13 patients were treated with the reconstructive intramedullary interlocking nail. Nine patients were associated with ipsllateral femoral neck fractures, three with ipsilateral intertrochanteric fractures, and one with subtrochanteric fracture. Results: The follow-up time was from 6 to 38 months with an average of 14 months. All the femoral shaft and hip fractures healed up well. There was no nonunion of the femoral neck, and only one varns malunion. No patient had avascular necrosis of the femoral head. The average healing time for femoral neck fracture was 4.6 months and for shaft fracture 5.8 months. The joint movement and other functions were fairly resumed. Conclusions: The reconstructive intramedullary interlocking nail, with less trauma, refiable fixation, and high rate of fracture healing, is an ideal method of choice in the treatment of ipsilateral hip and femoral shaft fractures.     

重建型交锁髓内钉治疗复杂股骨骨折

目的　探讨重建型交锁髓内钉治疗复杂股骨骨折的临床疗效,掌握手术方法及注意事项。方法　对 18例复杂股骨骨折采用重建型交锁髓内钉固定,闭合或开放穿钉。结果　18例经 6~19个月的随访,愈合时间4 5~10个月,平均 6 5个月,优良率达 94%,无相关并发症。结论　颈干交锁,将整个固定系统与股骨头颈干构成一相对完整牢固的整体,可早期负重,功能锻炼,有利骨折愈合,重建型交锁髓内钉是治疗复杂股骨骨折的理想方法。     

交锁髓内钉治疗胫腓骨骨折

目的 观察交锁髓内钉治疗胫腓骨骨折的疗效及并发症防治。方法 用交锁髓内钉治疗胫腓骨骨折46例,均采用扩髓及静力型固定。结果 46例均得到随访,平均20个月（6个月-3年）,愈合时间为3-12个月,平均4个月,感染4例均为开放性骨折,肢体短缩1例,成角畸形2例,延迟愈合7例,无不愈合。根据Johner-Wruh评分标准,优36例,良7例,中2例,差1例。结论 交锁髓内钉治疗胫腓骨骨折是一种很好的方法。但仍有一些并发症,在应用中必须引起重视;开放性骨折以不扩髓为宜。     

逆行交锁髓内钉治疗股骨远端骨折

目的探讨逆行交锁髓内钉治疗股骨远端骨折的临床疗效。方法采用逆行交锁髓内钉治疗股骨远端骨折37例。结果 37例均获随访,时间6～20个月。骨折均愈合。膝关节功能评分按Duwelius et al标准评定:优25例,良10例,可1例,差1例,优良率为94.6%。结论逆行交锁髓内钉治疗股骨远端骨折,适应证广、膝关节功能恢复快、临床疗效好。     

Treatment of proximal humeral fractures with a new intramedullary nail

We have developed a new intramedullary nail (All-in-One Nail) that is specifically designed for elastic fixation of a surgical neck fracture of the humerus. This nail has three pins and a plate, and the pins become divergent as the nail is inserted into the marrow cavity through the deltoid tuberosity and then advanced to the humeral head. We reviewed 31 patients with an age range of 58–91 years (mean 75 years) who underwent surgery with this nail for A3.2 (two-part), B2.2 (three-part), or C2.1 (valgus-impacted) fractures of the proximal humerus. Bony union was obtained in 29 patients, and these patients had a Japanese Orthopaedic Association shoulder score of 60–92 (mean 78) in a follow-up examination performed 6–32 months (mean 13 months) postoperatively. The All-in-One Nail system is easy to use, provides an acceptable clinical outcome, and is a treatment option for unimpacted surgical neck fractures and valgus-impacted fractures of the humerus.