脑外伤患者血清神经元特异性烯醇化酶测定及临床意义

为了探讨神经元特异性烯醇化酶 (ＮＳＥ)在脑外伤中的临床意义 ,从生化指标方面进一步了解脑外伤对脑实质的损害程度 ,我们测定了 79例脑外伤患者ＮＳＥ含量。现将结果报告如下。对象和方法一、对象 :急性脑外伤患者 79例 (男 5 1,女 2 8) ,年龄 2 0～6 8岁 ,均经临床确诊。根据我国第八届外科学会制定的分类方法 ,分为轻型 34例 ,中型 30例 ,重型 15例。对照组为健康体检人员 46名 ,无心血管疾病、脑梗塞、脑出血、糖尿病、肝肾疾病等。二、方法 :病人入院后取静脉血 2ｍｌ,分离血清 ,置 - 2 0℃保存待用。ＮＳＥ试剂盒由北京北方生物技术…     

急性脑梗塞患者血清神经元特异性烯醇化酶测定的意义

烯醇化酶 (Ｅｎｄａｓｅ)是参与糖酵解的关键酶 ,由α、β、γ三种亚基以二聚体形式组成五种同工酶 ,其中γγ型特异地存在于神经元和神经内分泌细胞中 ,称为神经元特异性烯醇化酶 (Ｎｅｕｒｏｎｓｐｅｃｉｆｉｃｅｎｏｌａｓｅ ,ＮＳＥ) ,ＮＳＥ占脑内全部可溶性蛋白的 1.5 % [1] ,而正常体液中含量甚微。近年来 ,ＮＳＥ作为神经元损伤的敏感性和特异性标志其与中枢神经系统疾病的关系已引国内外学者的极大关注 ,为探讨急性脑梗塞 (ＣＩ)患者血清ＮＳＥ变化的临床意义 ,现作如下探讨。资料和方法一、资料 :(一 )患者组 :42例 (男 2 7,女 15…     

癫痫患儿血清神经元特异性烯醇化酶水平变化及临床意义

目的　研究癫痫患儿癫痫发作后血清神经元特异性烯醇化酶 (NSE)的变化。方法　采用放射免疫分析法对11例癫痫患儿发作后 4 8h内血清中NSE进行测定 ,并与 2 2例正常组进行对照。结果　 2 2例正常对照组血清中NSE进行测定值为 (6 .4 6± 3.35 ) μg/L ,癫痫发作组血清中NSE为 (17.4 5± 10 .1) μg/L ,两组比较有显著性差异 (P≤ 0 .0 1)。结论　癫痫发作组NSE水平明显高于正常对照组 ,提示癫痫发作后有一定程度的脑神经元损害。     

总PSA光激化学发光免疫分析法的建立

为了采用光激化学发光免疫分析技术建立快速定量检测总前列腺特异性抗原(tPSA)的方法。用两株配对的tPSA单克隆抗体,一株tPSA单克隆抗体包被受体微球,另一株tPSA单克隆抗体用生物素标记,与链霉亲合素的供体微球共同组成检测试剂。结果:自制tPSA试剂分析灵敏度为0.006ng/ml,线性测量范围为0.006～150ng/ml,分析内和分析间的精密度分别为3.90%～6.67%、4.71%～6.90%,与AFP、CA125、CA19-9和人白蛋白无明显交叉反应,136份临床血清样本用本试剂与罗氏化学发光试剂检测,其相关系数为0.979。提示:自制tPSA光激化学发光免疫分析试剂各项指标均能达到临床要求,有望替代国外同类产品。     

胰岛素光激化学发光免疫分析法的建立

目的建立血清中胰岛素(INS)光激化学发光免疫分析的定量检测方法。方法用2株配对的INS单克隆抗体,一株INS单克隆抗体包被受体微球,另一株INS单克隆抗体用生物素标记,与链霉亲合素的供体微球共同组成检测试剂检测人血清中的INS。结果 INS-AlphaLISA的灵敏度为0.753μU/ml,线性测量范围为0.753～180μU/ml,分析内和分析间的精密度分别为7.46%～9.74%、5.24%～7.31%,与C肽无明显交叉反应、与胰岛素原有轻微交叉反应,125份临床血清样本用本试剂与罗氏化学发光试剂检测,其相关系数为0.983。结论本法建立的INS-AlphaLISA是一个各项指标均能达到临床要求的、可靠的检测,有望替代国内外同类产品用于临床。     

癌胚抗原光激化学发光免疫分析法的建立

目的:利用光激化学发光免疫分析技术(Al-phaLISA)建立人血清癌胚抗原(CEA)的快速检测试剂。方法:1株CEA单克隆抗体(mAb)包被受体微球,另1株(mAb)用生物素标记,与链霉亲和素的供体微球共同组成检测试剂,优化反应体系并对试剂的各项性能指标进行评价。结果:自制CEA试剂分析灵敏度为0.11 ng/mL,线性测量范围为0.11～500 ng/mL,分析内和分析间的精密度分别为3.3%～6.8%、5.5%～8.1%,与AFP、CA12-5、CA19-9和人血清白蛋白均无交叉反应,100份临床血清样本用本试剂与罗氏化学发光试剂检测,其相关系数为0.976。结论:自制CEA Al-phaLISA试剂的各项性能指标均能达到临床检测要求,有望替代国外同类试剂应用于临床血清样本CEA浓度的测定。     

神经元特异性烯醇化酶酶联免疫吸附分析技术在体外培养神经元中的应用

ＭＴＴ法是用于反映体外培养神经细胞活性的指标，但对检测细胞活性没有特异性。本实验结合神经元特异性烯醇化酶免疫细胞化学技术特异性强、敏感谢性高的优点与酶联免疫吸附试验酶促底物邻苯二胺呈色形成弥散的可溶性有色产物，通过检测有色溶液的ＯＤ值来比较体外培养过程中神经细胞的活性以及相应的数目，在建立此方法的同时并用此方法检测了人胚脊髓提取液对神经细胞活性的影响。结果证明：分子量小于１０ｋＤ的人胚脊髓提取对体     

神经元特异性烯醇化酶ABC—ELISA方法的建立与应用

应用人脑神经元特异性烯醇化酶(NSE)和兔抗人NSE抗体,建立了测定NSE浓度的ABC—ELISA方法。该法灵敏度高、特异性强,标准曲线线性关系好;可用于临床分析病人血清的NSE浓度和诊断肺小细胞癌。     

神经元特异性烯醇化酶在新生儿HIE及高压氧治疗的临床研究

目的：动态观察神经元特异性烯醇化酶在新生儿缺氧缺血性脑病（HIE）时及高压氧治疗前后水平的变化,以探讨在临床中的意义。方法：应用双抗体夹心法测定HIE病人于入院24h,3d,5d及高压氧治疗前后血清中NSE浓度与对照组比较。结果（1）ME患者24h,3d时血清NSE水平显著高于对照组,P＜0．05,5d时与对照组无差异,P＝0．756。（2）24h血清NSE含量显著高于3d,5d,P=0.0002,3d时血清NSE含量显著高于5d,P=0.038。（3）高压氧治疗后血清中NSE含量显著降低,P＝0．027,结论（1）HIE时血清中NSE含量明显增高,且其升高程度与病情危重程度密切相关。（2）高压氧对治疗HIE有较好的效果,且可改善预后,但一个疗程以不超过五次为宜。     

Immunohistochemical study of neuron specific enolase and S-100 protein in Hirschsprung's disease

Summary The distribution of whole differentiated neurons in the intestines from 15 children with Hirschsprung's disease was investigated using neuron specific enolase (NSE) and the perineuronal elements were studied using S-100 protein immunostaining.In aganglionic segments, NSE immunoreactive ganglion cells and S-100 positive satellite cells were absent, but the hypertrophic nerve trunks did show a markedly positive NSE and S-100 immunoreactivity.Two different forms of aganglionic segment were present. One was the middle aganglionic segment of long segment aganglionosis which was almost completely dennervated. In the other type, there were several NSE positive nerve fibers in the muscularis propria of both the aganglionic segment of short segment aganglionosis and the distal aganglionic segment of long segment aganglionosis. These latter two aganglionic segments seemed to be innervated by extrinsic nerves.     

N-myc gene amplification and neuron specific enolase production in immature teratomas

Summary The primary tumour tissues from 13 teratomas were investigated, 3 cases of immature teratoma (1 of pure type and 2 of mixed type), 5 cases of dermoid cyst, and 5 cases of mature solid teratoma, with special reference to N-myc gene amplification, productivity of neuron specific enolase (NSE), and the presence of double minutes (DMs). The possible relationship between these variables and malignancy of the tumours was also examined. N-myc gene amplification and NSE production were recognized in the primary tumour tissues and the first and the third passage cultured cells of all of the 3 cases of immature teratoma containing immature neural tissues. In 2 cases DMs were recognized. In dermoid cysts and mature teratoma, neither N-myc gene amplification nor NSE production were recognized in either the primary tumour tissues or cultured cells. The chromosomes were normal. Malignancy of teratoma is generally decided by the clinical stage and histological grade, but a more securely based decision is necessary where an immature teratoma contains immature neural tissues. The presence of N-myc gene amplification, NSE productivity and the presence of DMs may be valuable.     

Neurone specific enolase: an aid to the diagnosis of melanoma and neuroblastoma

Melanoma and neuroblastoma are diagnosed by their clinical and histological features, including evidence of melanogenesis and neural differentiation respectively, by tumour cells. These criteria are occasionally inadequate. Melanoma and neuroblastoma are derived from a system of cells characterized by the content, precursor uptake and decarboxylation of particular amines (APUD cells). Neurone specific enolase (NSE) has been proposed as a specific marker for neural elements and APUD cells. Immunohistochemical cytoplasmic and fibrillary localization of this enzyme was demonstrated in formalin-fixed, paraffin-processed sections of melanoma and neuroblastoma, constituting and additional aid to the identification of these tumours. The demonstration of an enzyme of the glycolytic pathway within tumour cells has implications following the effects of anti-tumour agents and these are discussed.     

NSE及其半衰期诊断与监测小细胞肺癌的评价

为阐明小细胞肺癌患者血清神经持异性烯醇化酶在该病的诊断、化疗和复发中的意义以及ＮＳＥ半衰期与ＳＣＬＣ复发的关系。方法用单克隆抗体ＥＬＩＳＡ一步法测定了ＮＳＥ含量。结果ＮＳＥ诊断ＳＣＬＣ的敏感性,特异性及准确度分别为８１．８％、９１．６％和８９．５％;其中局限性（ＬＤ）ＳＣＬＣ和扩展性（ＥＤ）ＳＣＬＣ患者的阳性率分别为７２．７％和９０．９％,ＮＳＥ的半衰期大于２０ｄ者,其复发在发病４３－１９３ｄ前即     

Immunoreactivities to protein gene product 9.5, neurofilament protein and neuron specific enolase in the ovary of the sexually immature ostrich (Struthio camelus)

The innervation of the ovary has been studied in various species of birds and mammals. Despite the fact that the innervation of any organ is an essential factor in controlling its growth and function, no information is available on the distribution of nerve fibers in the ovary of the sexually immature ostrich. Thus, the present study was undertaken to investigate the distribution of nerve fibers in the ovary of the sexually immature ostrich, using antibodies against neurofilament protein type M of 160 kD (NP), protein gene product 9.5 (PGP 9.5) and neuron specific enolase (NSE). A total of 26 sexually immature female ostriches, aged between 12 and 14 months were used in the present study. Immunostaining was performed using a LSAB plus kit (Dakocytomation, Denmark). Antibodies against NP and PGP 9.5 were used at dilutions of 1:25 and 1:50, respectively. A ready-to-use solution containing antibodies against NSE was also used. Strong immunostaining for NP, PGP 9.5 and NSE was observed in nerve bundles, which coursed through the ovarian stalk and extended into the medulla and cortex. In addition, NSE immunoreactive nerve cell bodies were observed in the cortex and medulla. NP, PGP 9.5 and NSE immunoreactive nerve fibers were present in the thecal layer of the follicular wall. The current study has highlighted the distribution of NP, PGP 9.5 and NSE-immunoreactive nerve fibers in the ovary of the sexually immature ostrich. The findings of the present study suggest that the distribution of nerve fibers in the immature ostrich is similar to that of the domestic fowl.     

Neuron specific enolase demonstration in the diagnosis of a solid-cystic (papillary cystic) tumour of the pancreas

Summary Immunoreactivity to neuron specific enolase (NSE) was demonstrated in a solid-cystic (papillary cystic) tumour of the human pancreas, employing immunohistochemical methods. Positive staining for NSE was found with two different antisera. In addition, sodium-dodecyl-sulphate-polyacrylamide-gel-electro-phoresis (SDS-PAGE) of tumour homgenate revealed a distinct band reacting with a NSE antiserum. However, we failed to detect any hormonal products or neuroendocrine granules in the tumour. Therefore the authors advise caution in using the enzyme as a differential diagnostic tool, especially in surgical pathology of epithelial pancreatic neoplasms occurring in young females. In individual cases electron microscopy will be necessary since solid-cystic tumours of the pancreas consistently show large intracytoplasmic zymogen-like granules.     

Neuron-specific enolase in cerebrospinal fluid: a possible indicator of neuronal damage in kainic acid lesions

The presence of the neuron specific enolase (NSE) has been tested by sandwich enzyme immunoassay in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) of rats after intrastriatal injection of various amounts of kainic acid (KA). Incremental release of NSE was observed in CSF for increasing concentrations of injected KA. Still, a significant decrease of NSE striatal content was detected only with the two maximal amounts of KA infused. These data indicate that measurements of NSE in CSF might be a more sensitive index of neuronal damage than the actual assay within the tissue, and also present the advantage of being a non-invasive method of investigation.