经皮椎体成形术联合化疗治疗肺癌椎骨转移疗效

肺癌骨转移以腰椎骨转移多见，其次为胸椎、骶椎、颈椎，占脊柱恶性肿瘤的一半以上。临床症状主要为剧烈顽固性疼痛，甚至截瘫。全身用药及手术治疗效果不理想，经皮椎体成形术(PVP)为此开辟了新的治疗途径。主要作用：加固椎体强度、缓解疼痛和稳定脊柱。PVP应用于骨转移癌，在国外文献已有较多报道，国内报道尚少，我院自2002年2月至今，采用PVP 泰索帝 顺铂，治疗14例肺癌椎骨转移，取得满意疗效，现报道如下。     

非小细胞肺癌合并孤立性脑转移的临床治疗

目的 观察非小细胞肺癌合并孤立性脑转移原发病灶切除及脑转移灶的处理的临床疗效.方法 回顾性分析非小细胞肺癌合并孤立性脑转移临床治疗37例的临床资料,其中接受开颅显微手术切除脑转移瘤加肺部原发灶的根治性切除治疗21例;接受γ-刀照射脑转移瘤加肺部原发灶根治性切除治疗16例.观察治疗后的中位生存时间和1年生存率情况.结果 中位随访时间20个月(18～26个月).显微手术切除治疗和γ-刀照射治疗的中位生存时间分别为11.8个月和12.6个月,1年生存率分别为57.14%(12/21)和56.25%(9/16).结论 对于非小细胞肺癌合并孤立性脑转移灶的病例应采取手术处理;至于脑部转移灶的处理,γ-刀的使用具有创伤小、疗程短的优越性.     

肺癌脊柱转移手术治疗和放射治疗的临床分析

[目的] 对比分析肺癌脊柱转移患者手术治疗和放射治疗的临床疗效.[方法] 回顾性分析2004年6月～2010年12月肺癌脊柱转移患者24例.男14例,女10例;年龄40～ 65岁,平均53.4岁.放射治疗组15例,其中4例联合化疗、2例联合靶向治疗;手术治疗组9例,均为开放手术且应用脊柱内固定,其中2例患者联合化疗、3例联合靶向治疗,治疗后对患者进行随访并进行生存分析,术前、术后1个月及术后3个月应用视觉模拟评分(visual analogue scale,VAS)评估疼痛,术前、术后3个月分别应用Frankel分级对脊髓损伤进行评估,应用卡式(Karnofsky,KPS)评分系统对功能状态进行评分.[结果]随访2～16个月,平均随访8.3个月.放疗组平均生存时间7.7个月,中位生存时间为7.0个月;手术治疗组平均生存时间为9.3个月,中位生存时间为8.4个月,手术治疗组生存时间较放疗组无统计学差异(P＞0.05);对治疗前、后1、3个月疼痛VAS评分进行统计学分析,手术治疗组和放疗组治疗后疼痛缓解程度较治疗前均具有统计学意义,并且手术治疗组治疗后1、3个月疼痛缓解程度均优于放疗组,具有统计学意义(P＜0.01);手术治疗组术后3个月Frankel分级D、E级比例由术前的77.8％提高到88.9％,放疗组由治疗前的66.7％提高到73.3％;手术治疗组KPS评分80 ～ 100分比例较治疗前提高22.2％,放疗组提高13.3％.手术治疗组脊髓损伤和功能状态缓解程度均优于放疗组.[结论]肺癌脊柱转移患者采取手术治疗与放射治疗相比,能够延长生存时间,但无统计学差异,同时应用手术治疗后能够明显减轻疼痛、改善功能、提高生存质量.     

28例肾上腺转移瘤的临床及MRI影像学分析

目的 探讨肾上腺转移瘤的临床表现与磁共振成像特点。方法 回顾性研究临床及影像资料较完整的28例肾上腺转移瘤。结果 28例肾上腺转移瘤分析显示:恶性肿瘤可经血行或直接转移至肾上腺,以血行转移为主;肾上腺转移瘤最常见的原发肿瘤是肺癌(占70％),特别是小细胞未分化肺癌(占40％),其次是恶性淋巴瘤(占10％),再次是胃癌、肾癌、原发性肝癌、膀胱癌、食管癌、扁桃腺癌;多是原发肿瘤确诊后一年之内发现肾上腺转移(占75％);肾上腺转移瘤的MRI表现为:单侧或双侧肾上腺区见类圆形长T1长T2信号强度肿块影,边界较清楚,增强扫描示轻度强化。结论 MRI影像学表现结合临床病史可对本病作出明确诊断,它是发现和诊断本病的重要方法之一。     

非小细胞肺癌合并孤立性脑转移的临床治疗

目的 观察非小细胞肺癌合并孤立性脑转移原发病灶切除及脑转移灶的处理的临床疗效.方法 回顾性分析非小细胞肺癌合并孤立性脑转移临床治疗37例的临床资料,其中接受开颅显微手术切除脑转移瘤加肺部原发灶的根治性切除治疗21例;接受γ-刀照射脑转移瘤加肺部原发灶根治性切除治疗16例.观察治疗后的中位生存时间和1年生存率情况.结果 中位随访时间20个月(18～26个月).显微手术切除治疗和γ-刀照射治疗的中位生存时间分别为11.8个月和12.6个月,1年生存率分别为57.14%(12/21)和56.25%(9/16).结论 对于非小细胞肺癌合并孤立性脑转移灶的病例应采取手术处理;至于脑部转移灶的处理,γ-刀的使用具有创伤小、疗程短的优越性.     

非小细胞肺癌合并孤立性脑转移的临床治疗

目的 观察非小细胞肺癌合并孤立性脑转移原发病灶切除及脑转移灶的处理的临床疗效.方法 回顾性分析非小细胞肺癌合并孤立性脑转移临床治疗37例的临床资料,其中接受开颅显微手术切除脑转移瘤加肺部原发灶的根治性切除治疗21例;接受γ-刀照射脑转移瘤加肺部原发灶根治性切除治疗16例.观察治疗后的中位生存时间和1年生存率情况.结果 中位随访时间20个月(18～26个月).显微手术切除治疗和γ-刀照射治疗的中位生存时间分别为11.8个月和12.6个月,1年生存率分别为57.14%(12/21)和56.25%(9/16).结论 对于非小细胞肺癌合并孤立性脑转移灶的病例应采取手术处理;至于脑部转移灶的处理,γ-刀的使用具有创伤小、疗程短的优越性.     

非小细胞肺癌合并孤立性脑转移的临床治疗

目的 观察非小细胞肺癌合并孤立性脑转移原发病灶切除及脑转移灶的处理的临床疗效.方法 回顾性分析非小细胞肺癌合并孤立性脑转移临床治疗37例的临床资料,其中接受开颅显微手术切除脑转移瘤加肺部原发灶的根治性切除治疗21例;接受γ-刀照射脑转移瘤加肺部原发灶根治性切除治疗16例.观察治疗后的中位生存时间和1年生存率情况.结果 中位随访时间20个月(18～26个月).显微手术切除治疗和γ-刀照射治疗的中位生存时间分别为11.8个月和12.6个月,1年生存率分别为57.14%(12/21)和56.25%(9/16).结论 对于非小细胞肺癌合并孤立性脑转移灶的病例应采取手术处理;至于脑部转移灶的处理,γ-刀的使用具有创伤小、疗程短的优越性.     

非小细胞肺癌合并孤立性脑转移的临床治疗

目的 观察非小细胞肺癌合并孤立性脑转移原发病灶切除及脑转移灶的处理的临床疗效.方法 回顾性分析非小细胞肺癌合并孤立性脑转移临床治疗37例的临床资料,其中接受开颅显微手术切除脑转移瘤加肺部原发灶的根治性切除治疗21例;接受γ-刀照射脑转移瘤加肺部原发灶根治性切除治疗16例.观察治疗后的中位生存时间和1年生存率情况.结果 中位随访时间20个月(18～26个月).显微手术切除治疗和γ-刀照射治疗的中位生存时间分别为11.8个月和12.6个月,1年生存率分别为57.14%(12/21)和56.25%(9/16).结论 对于非小细胞肺癌合并孤立性脑转移灶的病例应采取手术处理;至于脑部转移灶的处理,γ-刀的使用具有创伤小、疗程短的优越性.     

Surgical treatment of isolated adrenal metastasis from lung carcinoma

A surgical treatment of patients with lung cancer non-microcitoma and isolated adrenal metastasis has been reported in literature although limited in number and follow up. The Authors report 12 cases of patients operated for lung cancers non-microcitoma and isolated adrenal metastasis. One patients was lost in the follow up, two patients died 3 and 6 months after the adrenalectomy. The other patients are alive after 88, 39, 36, 17, 13 months after the adrenalectomy. Four of these patients are also disease free. Other 4 patients, more recently operated, are alive and disease free after 3, 3, 9 and 9 months after the adrenalectomy. The Authors believe that a surgical treatment is justified in these patients, considering the results of the series reported in literature and also their own results.     

Disability of patients with lung cancer after surgical treatment

Invalidity of 149 patients subjected to surgical treatment of lung cancer was studied. More than half of all the patients and 84.1% of those directed to the commission were pronounced invalids of the I or II groups. Only 40.0% of the invalids had positive dynamics of invalidity. Stability of invalidity was due to coming the pension age, an anatomical defect arising after pneumonectomy and the presence of a severe concomitant pathology. One of the methods to reduce invalidity in patients with lung cancer after a radical treatment in the presence of indications is thought to be prolongation of temporary disablement during the first examination of the commission.     

Survival after surgical treatment of lung cancer

All 205 patients operated on for primary pulmonary cancer at Oulu University Hospital in 1975-1977 were followed up for 10 years to evaluate the prognostic influence of factors such as lymph-node invasion, size of tumour and histologic type. Preoperative mediastinoscopy was performed on 186 patients (91.2%), and revealed no mediastinal metastases in 182. Nevertheless N 2 (mediastinal) lymph nodes were found in 36 cases at operation and N 1 (perihilar or ipsilateral) nodes in 42. Despite lobectomy or pneumonectomy, all 32 patients (17.2%) with false-negative mediastinoscopy died within a year (mean 7.2 months) of operation. Pneumonectomy was performed in 67 cases (29 right, 38 left), lobectomy or bilobectomy in 125 and exploratory thoracotomy in the remainder. Most of the tumours were epidermoid carcinoma (53.7%). Adenocarcinoma was present in 20%, and large-cell carcinoma and oat-cell carcinoma each in 11.7%. Survival rates were significantly higher in patients without vs. those with lymph-node metastases and in epidermoid or adenocarcinoma vs. small-cell carcinoma.     

卡培他滨联合替吉奥化疗在胰腺癌术后的临床疗效

[摘 要] 目的 探究胰腺癌患者行手术治疗后卡培他滨联合替吉奥对比卡培他滨单药化疗的临床疗效以及对患者免疫功能的影响。方法 对株洲医院于2008年1月至2010年12月收治的48例行手术治疗后的胰腺癌患者进行前瞻性分析,随机分为对照组和观察组,每组24例,对照组采用卡培他滨单药化疗,观察组采用卡培他滨联合替吉奥化疗。采用生活质量核心量表（QLQ-C30）评估患者生活质量,流式细胞仪检测淋巴细胞亚群,ELISA法检测IFN-γ和IL-4水平,再从脱发、骨髓抑制、肾功能损伤、消化道不良反应和神经毒性五个方面分析两组患者的毒副反应,回访分析两组患者的远期生存率。结果 观察组化疗后缓解率和总有效率分别为41.67%和70.83%,明显高于对照组的25.00%和58.33%;观察组化疗后2周、4周和8周时生活质量均明显优于对照组;以上差异均具有统计学意义（P<0.01）。观察组联合化疗后的T细胞（CD3 + ）、Th细胞（CD3 + CD4 + ）、Tc细胞（CD3 + CD8 + ）、NK细胞（CD3 - CD56 + ）和Treg细胞（CD4 + CD25 + ）百分率增加,IFN-γ水平上升,IL-4水平降低,与化疗前相比,差异均具有统计学意义（P<0.01）。另外,观察组脱发、肾功能损伤、骨髓抑制、消化道不良反应和神经毒性等没有明显增加（P>0.05）。观察组中位生存时间明显长于对照组（25个月 vs 10个月）;观察组的1、2、3年生存率分别为62.5%、54.2%和45.8%,也明显高于对照组（分别为33.3%、25.0%、16.7%）,差异具有统计学意义（P<0.05）。结论 卡培他滨联合替吉奥对胰腺癌术后患者具有较高的化疗效果,可显著改善患者的生活质量,提高远期生存率,且不增加不良反应发生率;同时该方式提高机体免疫功能,可成为手术后胰腺癌患者辅助治疗的有效选择。     

Early combined hormonal and chemotherapy for metastatic prostatic carcinoma

Twenty-four patients with confirmed Stage D carcinoma of the prostate were treated with a combination of bilateral orchiectomy, estrogens (diethylstilbestrol) and chemotherapy (5-fluorouracil), and cyclophosphamide soon after diagnosis was established. Patients were followed up between forty-two to seventy-two months. Seventy-five per cent of patients reported relief of bone pain after initiation of therapy, and 83.3 per cent reported relief of their urinary symptoms. The primary tumor shrank in all patients, and initial stabilization or partial disappearance of osteoblastic lesions on bone scans was noted in 79.1 per cent of patients. The cumulative survival rates at five and six years were 63.48 and 50.78 per cent, respectively. The combined therapy was well tolerated by the patients, and complications were not severe and of a transient nature.     

经肝动脉及静脉联合化疗治疗肝转移癌

目的　评价FAP经肝动脉灌注联合全身化疗对肝转移癌的治疗效果。　方法　经CT或MRI诊断 2 3例肝多发转移癌患者 ,采用表阿霉素 (EPI) 4 0mg/m2 ,顺铂 (CDDP) 6 0mg/m2 ,经肝动脉灌注(d1)。 5 -氟尿嘧啶 (5 -FU) 5 0 0mg/m2 经静脉给药 (d1,d8)。所有患者治疗 2～ 4个周期后复查CT或MRI。　结果　本组有效率为 74 %。 1年、2年和 3年生存率分别为 88 8%± 7 9% ;6 6 9%± 12 3%和2 4 6 %± 2 3 4 %。中位生存期为 2 5个月。　结论　FAP方案是一种传统的化疗方案 ,改变给药途径可提高肝转移癌的疗效 ,延长生存期     

Early combined hormonal and chemotherapy for metastatic carcinoma of prostate

Twenty-five patients with confirmed Stage D carcinoma of the prostate were treated by a combination of bilateral orchiectomy, estrogen, and chemotherapy soon after diagnosis was established. Patients were given diethylstilbestrol (DES) 3 mg. daily, and a weekly intravenous injection of 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) 10 mg./Kg. and cyclophosphamide 10 mg./Kg. They were followed up for between sixteen and forty-two months. The majority of patients reported a subjective improvement. Objectively, the primary tumor shrunk by more than 50 per cent in 84 per cent of the patients, while in 64 per cent there was improvement in the lesions shown on bone scan. The cumulative survival rate during three and one-half years was 76.5 per cent. These encouraging preliminary results appear to justify the early initiation of combined therapy in larger numbers of patients with Stage D prostatic carcinoma.