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1.
Haesuk Park Ayoade Adeyemi Wei Wang Teresa E. Roane 《Journal of the American Pharmacists Association》2017,57(1):62-66.e2
Objectives
To determine the impact of a telephone call reminder program provided by a campus-based medication therapy management call center on medication adherence in Medicare Advantage Part D (MAPD) beneficiaries with hypertension.Methods
The reminder call services were offered to eligible MAPD beneficiaries, and they included a live interactive conversation with patients to assess the use of their medications. This study used a quasi-experimental design for comparing the change in medication adherence between the intervention and matched control groups. Adherence, defined by proportion of days covered (PDC), was measured using incurred medication claims 6 months before and after the adherence program was implemented. A difference-in-differences approach with propensity score matching was used.Results
After propensity score matching, paired samples included 563 patients in each of the intervention and control groups. The mean PDC (standard deviation) increased significantly during postintervention period by 17.3% (33.6; P <0.001) and 13.8% (32.3; P <0.001) for the intervention and the control groups, respectively; the greater difference-in-differences increase of 3.5% (36.3) in the intervention group over the control group was statistically significant (P = 0.022). A generalized estimating equation model adjusting for covariates further confirmed that the reminder call group had a significant increase in pre-post PDC (P = 0.021), as compared with the control group.Conclusions
Antihypertensive medication adherence increased in both reminder call and control groups, but the increase was significantly higher in the intervention group. A telephonic outreach program was effective in improving antihypertensive medication adherence in MAPD beneficiaries. 相似文献2.
Hanne T. Plet Lene J. Kjeldsen René dePont Christensen Gitte S. Nielsen Jesper Hallas 《European journal of clinical pharmacology》2014,70(1):109-116
Purpose
The aim of this study was to examine whether educational meetings and group detailing could increase the use of drugs from the ward lists or the drug formulary in hospitals.Methods
Twelve medical wards from two hospitals were randomized into three groups: control, basic and extended intervention. All wards had a ward list review before interventions. Moreover, the basic intervention consisted of an educational meeting, and the extended intervention included two group detailing sessions. The proportion of drugs used from the ward list or hospital drug formulary (HDF) was the primary outcome. Data (defined daily doses [DDDs], numbers and cost [Euros]) on drugs sold to the wards were retrieved from the two hospitals from 1 July 2011 to 31 August 2012. Baseline data: from July to September 2011, and follow-up data: from June to August 2012.Results
The proportion of formulary drugs used increased for the extended intervention group (0.04, range ?0.02 to 0.09) and basic intervention group (0.03, range ?0.03 to 0.09) in comparison with a decrease in the control group (?0.01, range ?0.03 to ?0.02). The interventions did not significantly change odds for selecting drugs from the formulary in comparison with the control group (basic intervention: OR 1.09 [95 % CI 0.81 to 1.46]; extended intervention: OR 1.00 [95 % CI 0.75 to 1.35]).Conclusions
In this study, educational meetings and group detailing do not significantly improve adherence to ward lists or HDF. The adherence to the formularies at baseline was relatively high, which may explain why the interventions did not have a significant effect. 相似文献3.
Gaetano Bertino Annalisa Ardiri Patrizia Maria Boemi Giuseppe Stefano Calvagno Irene Maria Ruggeri Annalisa Speranza Maria Milena Santonocito Dario Ierna Cosimo Marcello Bruno Maria Valenti Roberta Boemi Simona Naimo Sergio Neri 《European journal of clinical pharmacology》2010,66(10):1055-1063
Background
The conventional antiviral treatment of chronic hepatitis related to hepatitis C virus (HCV) often leads to anemia. In this case, it is necessary to reduce ribavirin dose or stop treatment, thus reducing the rate of sustained virological response.Aim
We investigated whether epoetin alpha administration improves treatment adherence and leads to higher percentage of response at the end of therapy and sustained virological response.Methods
Two hundred and fourteen individuals with genotype 1b HCV-related chronic hepatitis underwent treatment with pegylated (peg)-interferon alpha-2A 180 μg once weekly and ribavirin 1,000–1,200 mg/day; 174 were responders. Forty individuals completed treatment with no hemoglobin reduction; 134 developed anemia during therapy. Anemic responders were distributed randomly into two groups: group 1 continued therapy with epoetin alpha addiction; group 2 continued antiviral therapy with ribavirin reduction only.Results
Patients in group 1 achieved better control of hemoglobin levels (13.8?±?1.2 g/dl at the end of therapy) than tthose in group 2 (11.5?±?0.8 g/dl). Sustained virological response was 59.7% in group 1 compared with 34.4% in group 2 (p?<?0.01).Conclusions
In patients with 1b HCV-related chronic hepatitis who develop anemia during antiviral treatment, administration of epoetin alpha increases hemoglobin levels and the end-of-treatment rate and sustains virological response by improving treatment adherence. 相似文献4.
5.
Penjit Moorhead Ana Zavala Yoona Kim Naunihal S. Virdi 《Journal of the American Pharmacists Association》2017,57(2):155-161.e1
Objectives
Over one-half of patients with chronic diseases, such as hypertension and type 2 diabetes (DM), do not take medicines as prescribed. This study assessed the efficacy and safety of “seeing” versus “not seeing” medication dose reminders regarding medication adherence and risk for overdose.Design
Post hoc analysis.Setting and participants
Outpatient setting. Adult subjects (18 years of age or older) with uncontrolled hypertension and DM.Main outcome measures
Subjects enrolled in this institutional review board–approved study were assigned to either use digital health (DH) with the use of sensor-enabled medicines (coencapsulated medicines with an ingestible sensor) for 4 or 12 weeks or receive usual care based on a cluster-randomized design. All subjects were followed for 12 weeks. Subjects using DH were included in the post hoc study consisting of an efficacy analysis and a safety analysis. A main efficacy outcome of comparison of subjects taking medicine with or without “seeing” DH medication dose reminders was assessed. Safety analysis assessed risk of overdosing after DH medication dose reminders.Results
In 57 subjects included in the efficacy analysis, DH device reminder messages were associated with a 16 ± 16% increase (75 ± 18% when seeing vs. 59 ± 24% when not seeing mobile dose reminders) in medication taking if not taken before dose reminder. The mean overall adherence for all subjects was 86 ± 12%; the mean on-time adherence was 69.7 ± 19.7%. Subjects with lower adherence benefited more from seeing DH reminder messages. In the safety study (n = 74 subjects and 24,426 medication ingestions), no events of overdoses related to DH medication dose reminders occurred.Conclusion
This study demonstrates benefits of DH medication dose reminders to improve medication adherence, especially in patients with lower adherence; DH medication dose reminders also appear to be safe. 相似文献6.
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8.
Nataporn Chaipichit Janet Krska Thongchai Pratipanawatr Verawan Uchaipichat Narumol Jarernsiripornkul 《European journal of clinical pharmacology》2014,70(5):607-615
Purpose
To explore how Thai patients assess symptoms as adverse drug reactions (ADRs).Methods
Out-patients at two hospitals in Thailand previously reporting suspected ADRs to statins were purposively selected to cover factors relevant to the accuracy of ADR reports. Semi-structured interviews explored the mechanisms participants used to work out whether their symptoms were related to their statin. All interviews were audio-recorded, transcribed and independently thematically analyzed by two researchers.Results
One hundred interviews were suitable for analysis; 52 were male, age range was 36 to 77 years (mean?±?S.D.: 59.83?±?9.14) and most (92) were taking other medicines in addition to statins. Patient assessment of symptoms as ADRs fell into two major themes: medicine-related factors and external factors. Timing relationships were mentioned most frequently (74), followed by information received (55), seeing similar symptoms in others (7) and diagnosis through blood tests (4). Use of multiple medicines, consideration of the medicine versus diseases, symptoms occurring with more than one medicine or relieved through treatment reduced confidence in ADR attribution. Many participants proposed alternative explanations for symptoms, including old age. Lack of information and knowledge were obstacles to the assessment process.Conclusions
Patients assessed possible ADRs most often by considering timing relationships. While they also used medicine information, Thai patients received inadequate information to help them assess their symptoms. Patients expressed uncertainty and difficulties in deciding attribution when concomitant medicines and diseases were involved. The findings could support the development of a patient-friendly systematic tool for identifying and assessing possible ADRs. 相似文献9.
Motoki Kubo Toru Miyoshi Tomonari Kimura Yoko Noda Kunihisa Kohno Kazufumi Nakamura Hiroshi Morita Hiroshi Ito 《Am J Cardiovasc Drugs》2014,14(5):387-392
Background
Residual risk of cardiovascular disease from increased small dense low-density lipoprotein (sdLDL)-cholesterol levels and low n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acid (PUFA) levels is a considerable therapeutic issue. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effect of ezetimibe as an add-on to statins and supplemental eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) on sdLDL cholesterol and absorption of EPA in patients with coronary artery disease.Methods
The study population consisted of ten male patients who were concurrently receiving statins and EPA 1,800 mg/day. Serum lipids and PUFAs, including EPA and arachidonic acid, were measured in blood samples collected before ezetimibe (baseline), 4 weeks after starting 10-mg/day ezetimibe, and 4 weeks after discontinuing ezetimibe.Results
Ezetimibe significantly decreased sdLDL-cholesterol levels after 4 weeks of treatment (baseline 35 ± 13 mg/dl; treatment 27 ± 9 mg/dl), but the levels returned to baseline after discontinuation of ezetimibe (37 ± 13 mg/dl). The concentration of EPA did not significantly change during the study.Conclusion
Ezetimibe shows great promise as an add-on therapy to statins to reduce sdLDL-cholesterol-related residual risk of cardiovascular disease without affecting absorption of supplemental EPA in patients with coronary artery disease. 相似文献10.
Professor Evgeniy V. Shlyakhto Vladimir V. A. Almazov Evgeniy M. Nifontov Irina V. Vakhrameyeva Oleg G. Rudomanov Dmitriy V. Zakharov Vyachesla V. Kazarin Natalya V. Vakhrameyeva 《Am J Cardiovasc Drugs》2002,2(2):119-124
Objective
To evaluate the effects of add-on treatment with trimetazidine, single dose and long-term, on clinical and objective parameters of ischemia in patients with stable angina pectoris receiving standard antianginal therapy.Design
One-month single-blind, placebo-controlled study.Patients
40 patients with stable angina pectoris.Interventions
Patients received 1-month treatment with either trimetazidine 20mg (n = 20) or placebo (n = 20) 3 times daily in addition to standard antianginal therapy.Main outcome measures
All patients underwent bicycle stress tests at baseline and at 1 month to assess exercise tolerance. Patients receiving trimetazidine also underwent a stress test 2 hours after administration of a 60mg single dose. Influence of trimetazidine on stress-induced left ventricular function was assessed in 11 patients, with dobutamine stress echocardiography performed at baseline and at 1 month. Clinical efficacy was evaluated in terms of mean weekly number of anginal episodes and weekly nitroglycerin (glyceryl trinitrate) tablet consumption during the study.Results
Trimetazidine significantly improved most stress test parameters, after a single dose and after 1 month of treatment; the rate-pressure product remained unchanged. Dobutamine tests showed significant (p < 0.05) increases from baseline values in time to onset of anginal pain and threshold dobutamine dose (13.5 ± 0.7 versus 10.2 ± 0.8 min, and 43.6 ± 2.8 versus 35.4 ± 3.4 μg/kg/min, respectively). The severity of anginal pain and mean weekly number of anginal episodes was reduced significantly (p < 0.05) from baseline values after 1 months’ treatment with trimetazidine (1.3 ± 0.6 versus 2.3 ± 0.3, and 6.6 ± 1.4 versus 10.1 ± 1.3, respectively). After 1 month, weekly consumption of nitroglycerin tablets was decreased by 3.1 from baseline values in the trimetazidine group but increased by 0.3 in the placebo-treated group. No patient withdrew due to treatment-related adverse effects.Conclusion
This study confirms the antianginal and anti-ischemic efficacy of single dose and long-term treatment with trimetazidine. Treatment with trimetazidine was well tolerated. 相似文献11.
Nicolas Roberto Robles Joaquin Velasco Candido Mena Enrique Angulo 《Central European Journal of Medicine》2013,8(3):302-309
Aims
Persistent microalbuminuria after treatment is a common finding. This study tried to evaluate the causes of treatment resistance.Patients and methods
Sample: 204 patients treated with renina-angiotensin-axis (RAA) blocking drugs that showed positive microalbuminuria. Treatment was increased during three months to reach a BP < 130/80 mmHg and to obtain maximal RAA blockade. Then patient were classified as normoalbuminuric after treatment (N group) and microalbuminuric in spite of treatment (M).Results
Mean microalbuminuria at recruitment was 48.5±25.6 mg/24h in N group and 90.0±140.3 mg/24h in M group. It was reduced to 16.1±10.0 mg/day in N group and to 83.5±138.2 mg/day in M group. At start, mean SBP and mean DBP were not different between groups. After treatment SBP and DBP pressure were reduced in both groups (differences between groups were not significant). Combined control of BP showed a slight increase in the two groups but it have only statistical significance in the N group (p = 0.031, McNemar test).Conclusions
Persistent microalbuminuria seems to be associated to poor blood pressure control. Effective blood pressure reduction was followed by urinary albumin excretion decrease. Baseline severity of microalbuminuria was the only clear predictor of remission after treatment. 相似文献12.
Varda Shalev Clara Weil Raanan Raz Inbal Goldshtein Dahlia Weitzman Gabriel Chodick 《European journal of clinical pharmacology》2014,70(5):557-564
Purpose
The aim of this population-based study is to describe trends in the characteristics and treatment patterns of statin initiators over the first decade of the 21st century.Methods
New statin use was studied retrospectively using the database of Maccabi Healthcare Services (MHS), a large Israeli health maintenance organization. Statin initiators were defined as MHS members aged ≥30 years who first purchased statins between 2000 and 2010. The starting dose was calculated in simvastatin equivalents based on the World Health Organization’s daily defined dose index. Persistence was calculated as the percentage of days covered (PDC) with statins during the first year of therapy.Results
Statin initiation peaked in 2005 and decreased from 38.6 to 18.6 per 1,000 in the period 2005–2010. The average age at therapy initiation decreased from 58.9 (±12.0) to 54.5 (±11.7) years, and the average (SD) baseline low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) decreased from 4.2 (±1.1) to 4.0 (±0.9) mmol/l during the study period. Women were on average 3 years older than men at treatment initiation, with a higher baseline LDL-C. Among statin initiators, the prevalence of ischemic heart disease (IHD) decreased from 17.8 to 6.7 %, and diabetes prevalence increased from 8.6 to 15.7 %, peaking in 2008 (18.0 %). The PDC with statins ranged between 52.9 and 57.7 %. Simvastatin use at initiation increased from 27.5 % in 2000 to >90 % since 2002. Starting dose increased from 18.5 (±8.9) to 24.3 (±13.7) mg simvastatin equivalent.Conclusions
Among the study population, statin initiators were increasingly characterized by a lower cardiovascular risk—namely, younger individuals without IHD and with a lower baseline LDL-C. These trends underscore the important shift towards statin initiation for primary prevention, as well as the need to balance between benefits and the potential side effect of statins. 相似文献13.
Przemyslaw Kardas 《Central European Journal of Medicine》2013,8(5):539-547
Aim
To assess the prevalence of medication non-adherence, and to assess the effect of selected patient-, doctor-, and therapyrelated factors on patient adherence to hyperlipidemia treatment.Methods
Open-label questionnaire study in the primary care patients diagnosed with hyperlipidemia.Results
A total of 255 outpatients aged 60.2 +/? 10.3 (mean +/? SD) were enrolled. Only 61.6% of patients claimed to be fully adherent during the last week. The major source of motivation to take medication was expectation to lower cholesterol level, and only extremely infrequently (2.7%) — to prolong life. Patients often pointed at economic constrains as a reason for low adherence. Getting information from doctor about the purpose of therapy (OR=3.04, 95%CI 1.36–6.80, P<0.01), understanding the purpose of therapy (OR=5.09, 95%CI 1.30–19,90, P<0.05), reading the patient information leaflet (OR=3.37, 95%CI 1.78–6.36, P<0.001), positive opinion about the effectiveness of the treatment (OR=2.45, 95%CI 1.24–4.81, P<0.01), and visiting primary care once a month (OR=2.22, 95%CI 1.05–4.69, P<0.05) were associated with adherence to the treatment.Conclusions
Non-adherence to lipid-lowering medication is a frequent problem. This study suggests that effective doctor-patient communication may play an important role in rising patients’ motivation to systematic treatment. Better adherence might be also obtained with prescribing more affordable drugs. 相似文献14.
Maria Sjölander Marie Eriksson Eva-Lotta Glader 《European journal of clinical pharmacology》2013,69(5):1173-1180
Purpose
Since 2005, statins have been recommended to patients with ischaemic stroke. The objective of this study was to analyse how statin treatment has been disseminated in different patient groups (age, sex, socioeconomic status and country of birth) in Sweden between 2004 and 2009.Methods
The Swedish Stroke Register (Riks-Stroke) has been linked to the Longitudinal Integration Database for Health Insurance and Labour Market Studies. Approximately 85 % of stroke patients in Sweden are included in Riks-Stroke. Odds ratios for statin prescribing were calculated using a multivariable logistic regression model including age, sex, socioeconomic status and risk factors.Results
During the study period, 108,950 ischaemic stroke patients were discharged alive from hospital. The proportion with statins at discharge increased from 32.9 % in 2004 to 60.1 % in 2009. Patients with secondary school or university education had slightly higher odds [odds ratio (OR) 1.07, 95 % confidence interval (CI) 1.04–1.11 and OR 1.05, 95 % CI 1.01–1.10 respectively] than patients with primary school education. Patients on a high income were prescribed more statins than those on a low income (OR 1.24, 95 % CI 1.19–1.28). Compared with patients born in Sweden, patients born in other countries were prescribed more statins (Nordic countries excepting Sweden: OR 1.07, 95 % CI 1.01–1.14; Europe: OR 1.31, 95 % CI 1.22–1.40; Outside Europe: OR 1.20, 95 % CI 1.08–1.34).Conclusions
Statin prescribing after ischaemic stroke has increased from 2004 to 2009. Our results also show a social stratification in the dissemination of statins, with patients having a higher income and patients with higher education receiving statins more often than those with a lower income and education, and patients born in Sweden receiving statins less often than those born outside of Sweden. 相似文献15.
Influence of refill adherence method when comparing level of adherence for different dosing regimens
A. K. Jönsson L. Schiöler E. Lesén K. Andersson Sundell A-C Mårdby 《European journal of clinical pharmacology》2014,70(5):589-597
Purpose
To examine the impact of two methods when estimating refill adherence in patients using bisphosphonates with different dosing regimens.Methods
In the Swedish Prescribed Drug Register, 18,203 new users of bisphosphonates aged 18–85 years were identified between 1 July 2006 and 30 June 2007 and followed for a maximum of 2 years. The patients were categorised based on dosing regimen: one tablet daily, one tablet weekly, switching between these regimens, and other regimens. Refill adherence was estimated with Continuous measure of Medication Acquisition (CMA, adherent if CMA?≥?80 %) and the maximum gap method (adherent if gaps <45 days). Differences in adherence between patients in the groups were assessed with logistic regression models controlling for confounding factors.Results
The proportion of patients classified as adherent was higher using CMA compared with patients classified as adherent using the maximum gap method. Patients on one tablet weekly had significantly lower adherence compared with patients on one tablet daily in the main analyses of both methods (the maximum gap method: 73 % vs. 80 %; adjusted OR?=?0.71; 95 % CI 0.57–0.89 and CMA: 84 % vs. 88 %, adjusted OR?=?0.75; 95 % CI 0.57–0.99). Patients using the other two dosing regimens had significantly lower adherence compared with patients on one tablet daily using both methods.Conclusion
Choice of method has an impact on the estimates of refill adherence to bisphosphonates. Patients on one tablet weekly dosing had lower adherence compared with patients on one tablet daily dosing using both methods. 相似文献16.
Nataša K. Rančić Branislav D. Petrović Svetlana R. Apostolović Biljana N. Kocić Mirko V. Ilić 《Central European Journal of Medicine》2013,8(2):266-272
Introduction
Acute myocardial infarction has a negative impact on patient’s quality of life. The aim of this paper was to evaluate the health-related quality of life in patients one month after the acute myocardial infarction.Material and method
The study involved 160 patients of both sexes, 30 to 79 years of age. The health-related quality of life in patients was assessed at the admission at the coronary care unit, and one month after. The following questionnaires were used: EuroQuolVAS and EuroQuol 5 Dimension. Angina pectoris was ranked according to the Canadian Cardiovascular Society Classification. Results: Men and women evaluated their health condition in a similar way (60.48±11.98 vs 60.55±12.24). Patients who (have) undergone primary coronary intervention had significantly higher average scores on EuroQuolVAS than the patients who were treated with thrombolytic therapy (68.69±9.67 vs 52.31±7.87, p<0.001). Modest and severe problems were the most presented in answers to those questions: pain/discomfort, anxiety/depression and self-care. Both men (0.92±0.43 vs 3.27±0.59, p<0.001) and women (0.89±0.46 vs 3.19±0.55, p<0.001) had significiantly lower average marks of angina pectoris one month after the acute myocardial infarction than at the admission to the hospital.Conclusion
One month after the acute myocardial infarction the quality of life in patients was very impared. Patients who undergone to the primary coronary intervention evaluated their health condition as better than the patients who were treated with thrombolytic therapy. Those patients also had the lower average marks of angina pectoris and the higher health-related quality of life. 相似文献17.
Dupre KB Eskow KL Steiniger A Klioueva A Negron GE Lormand L Park JY Bishop C 《Psychopharmacology》2008,199(1):99-108
Rationale
Serotonin 1A receptor (5-HT1AR) agonists reduce l-DOPA-induced dyskinesia and enhance motor function in experimental and clinical investigations of Parkinson’s disease (PD). While the mechanism(s) by which these effects occur are unclear, recent research suggests that modulation of glutamate neurotransmission contributes.Objective
To further delineate the relationship between 5-HT1A receptors and glutamate, the current study examined the effects of the 5-HT1AR agonist, ±8-OH-DPAT and the N-methyl-d-aspartic acid receptor (NMDAR) antagonist, MK-801, on l-DOPA-induced motor behavior.Materials and methods
Unilateral 6-hydroxydopamine lesioned male Sprague–Dawley rats were rendered dyskinetic with 1 week of daily l-DOPA (12 mg/kg, i.p.) + benserazide (15 mg/kg, i.p.). On test days, one group of rats received pretreatments of: ±8-OH-DPAT (0, 0.03, 0.1, 0.3 mg/kg, i.p.) or MK-801 (0, 0.03, 0.1, 0.3 mg/kg, i.p.). A second group was administered combined ±8-OH-DPAT (0, 0.03 or 0.1 mg/kg, i.p.) + MK-801 (0, 0.1 mg/kg, i.p.). Pretreatments were followed by l-DOPA administration, after which, abnormal involuntary movements (AIMs) and rotations were monitored. To investigate effects on motor performance, subthreshold doses of ±8-OH-DPAT (0.03 mg/kg, i.p.) + MK-801 (0.1 mg/kg, i.p.) were administered to l-DOPA-naïve hemiparkinsonian rats before the forepaw adjusting steps test.Results
Individually, both ±8-OH-DPAT and MK-801 dose-dependently decreased l-DOPA-induced AIMs without affecting rotations. Combined subthreshold doses of ±8-OH-DPAT+MK-801 reduced l-DOPA-induced AIMs and potently enhanced contralateral rotations without altering l-DOPA-induced motor improvements.Conclusions
The current results indicate a functional interaction between 5-HT1AR and NMDAR that may improve pharmacological treatment of PD patients. 相似文献18.
Background
Current clinical guidelines recognize that the use of more than one agent is necessary to achieve target BP in the majority of patients. The ASCOT-BPLA trial demonstrated that the free combination of amlodipine and perindopril effectively controlled BP and was better than a β-adrenoceptor antagonist (β-blocker)/diuretic combination in reducing total mortality and cardiovascular outcomes.Objective
To evaluate the efficacy and tolerability of a fixed combination of perindopril and amlodipine in the clinical setting.Study design
The STRONG (SafeTy & efficacy analysis of coveRsyl amlodipine in uncOntrolled and Newly diaGnosed hypertension) study was a prospective, observational, multicenter trial.Setting
This was a naturalistic, real-world, clinic-based, outpatient study involving 336 general practitioners/ primary care physicians in 65 cities in India.Patients
Adults aged 40–70 years with newly diagnosed/untreated stage 2 hypertension (BP ≥ 160/100 mmHg), hypertension uncontrolled with monotherapy (BP > 140/90 mmHg), or hypertension inadequately managed with another combination therapy.Intervention
Fixed combination perindopril 4 mg/amlodipine 5 mg once daily for 60 days.Main outcomes measure
The primary outcomes were the mean change in BP from baseline and the proportion of patients achieving adequate BP control (≤ 140/90 mmHg, or ≤ 130/80 mmHg in patients with diabetes mellitus) in the intent-to-treat (ITT) population. Secondary analyses included incidence of adverse events (ITT) and treatment adherence rate (completers).Results
In total, 1250 patients comprised the ITT population: 32.6% with newly diagnosed hypertension; 40.5% with hypertension uncontrolled with monotherapy; and 26.9% with hypertension inadequately managed with another combination therapy. Mean SBP/DBP decreased significantly from baseline (167.4±15.2/101.4±9.1 mmHg) over 60 days (?41.9 ± 34.8/?23.2 ± 21.8 mmHg; p<0.0001). Target BP was achieved in 66.1% of patients in the total population, 68.3% of untreated patients, 68.4% of patients uncontrolled with monotherapy, and 59.9% of patients inadequately managed with combination therapy. In 161 patients with SBP >180 mmHg at baseline (newly diagnosed: n = 50; uncontrolled on monotherapy: n = 53; inadequately managed on combination therapy: n = 58), BP was reduced by 63.2 ± 32.5/29.0 ± 21.9 mmHg (p<0.0001) at day 60. The fixed combination was safe and well tolerated. All 1175 patients completing the 60-day study (94%) adhered to their treatment regimen.Conclusion
Fixed combination perindopril/amlodipine was found to be an effective and well tolerated antihypertensive treatment, with an excellent rate of treatment adherence in the clinical setting. Fixed combination perindopril/amlodipine is expected to be useful in the management of hypertension in primary healthcare, with a positive impact on treatment adherence. 相似文献19.
Liliana Grigore Sara Raselli Katia Garlaschelli Laura Redaelli Giuseppe D. Norata Angela Pirillo Alberico L. Catapano 《European journal of clinical pharmacology》2013,69(3):341-346
Background/Aim
Statin treatment improves endothelial function. It is matter of debate, however, if this effect of statins is due to their action on low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) or to other non-lipidic (pleiotropic) effects. The aim of this study was to evaluate whether the effect of pravastatin on endothelial function is mediated by pleiotropic effects. We therefore compared the effect of pravastatin and ezetimibe, a cholesterol absorption inhibitor, at doses yielding similar reductions in LDL-C and examined the effect of the two treatments on flow-mediated dilation (FMD) in hypercholesterolemic subjects.Methods
A total of 33 moderately hypercholesterolemic patients were randomized into three treatment groups to receive ezetimibe 10 mg/day (n?=?10), pravastatin 10 mg/day (n?=?13) or no treatment (control, n?=?10) for 6 weeks. To assess endothelial function, we determined FMD of the brachial artery non-invasively by high-resolution ultrasound before and after treatment.Results
Ezetimibe and pravastatin treatment reduced LDL-C (mean ± standard error) to a similar extent (?20.6 ± 4.1 vs. ?24.1 ± 4.0 %, respectively; P?=?0.4771), while no decrease was observed in the control group. FMD increased significantly after treatment with ezetimibe (from 11.4 ± 5.7 to 16.8 ± 3.6 %; P?=?0.022) and with pravastatin (from 13.7 ± 4.9 to 17.5 ± 4.4 %; P?=?0.0466), but not in the control group. There were no differences in the endothelial function changes between the two treatment groups.Conclusions
In this study, two treatments that lower cholesterol via different mechanisms improved endothelial function to a similar extent, suggesting that the observed effect can be explained by the reduction of cholesterol levels. 相似文献20.
Khdour MR Hawwa AF Kidney JC Smyth BM McElnay JC 《European journal of clinical pharmacology》2012,68(10):1365-1373