前列腺癌患者癌组织前列腺干细胞抗原、血清前列腺特异抗原检测

目的:探讨前列腺癌(PCa)组织中前列腺干细胞抗原(PSCA)的表达及与血清前列腺特异抗原(PSA)的关系.方法:采用免疫组织化学方法检测36例PCa组织、20例前列腺高分级上皮样内瘤样病变(HG-PIN)及20例良性前列腺增生(BPH)组织中PSCA的表达,术前ELISA法检测血清PSA水平.结果:BPH组织中无PSCA表达,HG-PIN、PCa组织中PSCA阳性率分别为70.0%(14/20)、80.6%(29/36),高于BPH组织(P＜0.05).高分化、中分化、低分化PCa组织中PSCA的阳性率分别为6/11、14/16、9/9,依次增高(P＜0.05).PSCA阳性率与PCa患者血清PSA水平无相关性(r=0.215,P＞0.05).结论:PSCA有可能是一种新的PCa肿瘤标志物.     

前列腺增生及前列腺癌组织细胞增殖和凋亡与Bcl-2和Bax基因表达的关系

目的探讨良性前列腺增生(BPH)及前列腺癌(PCa)组织细胞增殖和凋亡与Bcl-2、Bax蛋白表达的关系。方法采用免疫组化染色法对122例正常前列腺(normal prostatic,NP)、BPH和PCa标本进行Bcl-2、Bax检测。结果 PCa组Bcl-2阳性率明显高于NP和BPH组(P<0.05),随肿瘤分级增高而呈正相关,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05),Multinomial logistic分析结果显示:NP组与PCa组比较,NP组Bcl-2阳性明显低于PCa组(OR=0.09,P<0.05),BPH组与PCa组比较,BPH组Bcl-2明显低于PCa组(OR=0.35,P<0.05);在PCa、BPH、NP和PCa各级分期中Bax阳性表达率差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论 BPH及PCa组织细胞增殖和凋亡与Bcl-2、Bax基因表达密切相关,其对疾病的临床治疗具有指导意义。     

增殖和凋亡基因ki-67、bcl-2、bax在前列腺增生、前列腺癌组织细胞中的表达及相关性

目的探讨前列腺癌(PCa)、良性前列腺增生(BPH)和正常前列腺(NP)组织中增殖细胞ki-67核抗原与细胞凋亡相关基因bcl-2、bax的临床意义及相关性。方法收集36例PCa、20例BPH和11例NP,应用免疫组织化学S-P法检测增殖相关基因ki-67核抗原、bcl-2、bax的表达。结果ki-67细胞增殖指数(PI)在PCa组织中表达明显高于BPH和NP(P<0.01),ki-67的PI与PCa分级有关,随着肿瘤分级增高而呈正相关(P<0.01),PCa和BPH中bcl-2阳性表达率高于NP(P<0.05),随着肿瘤分级增高而呈正相关(P<0.05),PCa、BPH和NP中bax阳性表达率差异无显著性。结论前列腺细胞增殖的增强、细胞凋亡的减少与PCa、BPH发生和发展有关,ki-67与bcl-2的检测对鉴别前列腺良、恶性病变有参考意义。     

前列腺癌组织中前列腺干细胞抗原表达的临床病理相关因素

目的 探讨前列腺干细胞抗原(PSCA)在前列腺癌(PCa)组织中的表达及与肿瘤临床病理因素之间的相关性.方法 采用免疫组化SP法,用PSCA单克隆抗体对前列腺不同病变组织及非前列腺肿瘤组织石蜡包埋切片进行染色,其中PCa组织50例,良性前列腺增生(BPH)组织50例,其它肿瘤组织标本9例.引入阳性灰度值概念判定PSCA染色强度.采用logistic回归分析模型研究PSCA高表达是否和PCa临床病理参数之间存在相关性.结果 100例前列腺病变组织中,仅1例PCa和2例BPH组织PSCA呈阴性表达,PSCA在BPH和PCa组织中平均染色阳性灰度值分别为:18.73灰阶(Gs)和42.16Gs,在PCa组织中呈现明显高表达(P＜0.05),非前列腺肿瘤组织染色均呈阴性.多变量logistic回归分析表明PSCA高表达和PCa分期、分级和有无骨转移之间存在显著相关性(OR值分别为1.8,2.3,3.1;P值分别为0.029,0.013,0.007).结论 PSCA具有良好的前列腺组织器官特异性,并有助于判断PCa临床分期、分级和有无骨转移.     

182例前列腺良恶性病变组织中EZH2基因的表达与意义

目的探讨EZH2基因在前列腺良恶性病变组织中的表达与意义。方法采用免疫组化EnVision法检测EZH2在96例前列腺癌(PCa)、45例上皮内瘤变(PIN)及41例前列腺良性增生(BPH)组织中的表达状况。结果 EZH2在PCa、PIN及BPH中的阳性表达率分别为97.92%、57.78%和46.34%,三组间差异有统计学意义(<0.05)。EZH2表达的强度与患者的年龄和术前血清前列腺特异抗原(PSA)水平无关(>0.05),与临床分期、病理学分级及肿瘤有无转移相关(<0.05)。结论 EZH2在PCa中的异常过表达,对肿瘤的发生和发展起了重要的作用,可作为判断PCa及其预后的标记物。     

前列腺疾病中tPSA、fPSA及fPSA/tPSA比值测定的临床意义

探讨前列腺疾病中总前列腺特异抗原(tPSA)、游离前列腺特异抗原(fPSA)以及fPSA/tPSA比值测定的临床意义.方法 应用(化学发光分析技术/电化学发光分析技术),对40例健康男性、54例前列腺增生(BPH)患者和33例前列腺癌(PCa)患者进行tPSA、fPSA及fPSA/tPSA比值的测定并进行统计学分析.结果 PCa组及BPH组患者血清tPSA、fPSA水平明显高于正常对照组,PCa组fPSA/tPSA比值明显低于BPH组及正常对照组,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05).结论 联合检测tPSA、fPSA及fPSA/tPSA比值对前列腺疾病的鉴别诊断具有重要临床意义.     

金属硫蛋白与血管内皮生长因子在前列腺癌中的表达及临床意义

目的 探讨金属硫蛋白(MT)与血管内皮生长因子(VEGF)在前列腺癌(PCa)组织中的表达及意义.方法 应用免疫组织化学方法观察不同Gleason分级的66例PCa组织、20例前列腺增生(BPH)组织MT和VEGF的表达情况.结果 MT在BPH组织和PCa组织中的阳性表达率分别为100%(20/20)和59.1%(39/66),差异有统计学意义(P＜0.01);VEGF在BPH组织和PCa组织中的阳性表达率分别为15%(3/20)和69.7%(46/66),差异有统计学意义(P＜0.01);不同Gleason评分及临床分期的PCa组织中MT和VEGF的表达阳性率比较差异有统计学意义(P＜0.05),MT和VEGF的表达呈正相关(P=0.004).结论 MT的高表达可能是PCa发生的一种生物学标志,且与VEGF存在协同作用.联合检测MT及VEGF对诊断PCa,判断其恶性程度及预后均有一定参考价值.     

长链非编码RNA-EPIC1在前列腺癌中的表达及其临床意义

目的 探讨表观遗传诱导LncRNA-1(EPIC1)在前列腺癌(PCa)中的表达情况及其临床意义.方法 收集2017年3月至2020年1月在合肥市第八人民医院、合肥市第二人民医院及安徽医科大学第一附属医院确诊的10例PCa患者手术后癌组织和癌旁正常组织,通过实时定量聚合酶链反应(RT-PCR)分别检测EPIC1在患者手术组织、正常前列腺细胞系和PCa细胞系中的表达差异.用siRNA技术抑制PCa细胞系中EPIC1的表达,观察其对细胞增殖和侵袭能力的影响.另检测69例PCa患者癌组织中EPIC1的表达情况,分析EPIC1的表达水平与患者临床病理和生存资料之间的关系.结果 EPIC1在PCa细胞系PC3、DU145中的表达量分别为(0.12±0.02)和(0.20±0.03),高于在正常前列腺细胞系RWPE-1中的表达量,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05).EPIC1在患者PCa组织中的平均表达量为(0.61±0.05),高于在癌旁正常组织中的平均表达量,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05).用siRNA抑制EPIC1的表达后,PCa细胞的增殖和侵袭能力下降;EPIC1的表达程度与肿瘤的Gleason评分、TNM分期和淋巴结转移明显相关(χ2=4.949、6.040、5.650,P<0.05),但与患者年龄、PSA水平等无明显相关性(χ2=0.007、1.516,P>0.05).以EPIC1的平均值为界,将患者分为EPIC1高表达组和低表达组,生存分析结果显示,EPIC1高表达组和低表达组患者的3年生存率分别为53.7％、78.1％,两组生存率的差异有统计学意义(P<0.05).结论 EPIC1在PCa中表达增高,EPIC1能促进PCa细胞的增殖和侵袭,EPIC1高表达的患者预后较差,EPIC1可做为PCa肿瘤转移和判断预后的有效辅助指标.     

CD146及肿瘤微血管密度与前列腺癌关系的研究

目的:探讨前列腺癌(PCa)组织中CD146(Mel-CAM,MUC18)和微血管密度(MVD)的表达及其与PCa的关系。方法:采用免疫组化SP法检测39例PCa、20例癌前病变和20例良性前列腺增生(BPH)组织中CD146蛋白的表达及微血管计数。结果:39例PCa中32例CD146蛋白表达阳性(82.05%,32/39),较癌前病变组及BPH组明显增高,与病理分级无关,但在浸润型肿瘤(C+D)期与局限性肿瘤(A+B)期的差异有显著性(P<0.05)。PCa组织中MVD38.75±9.50,随分化程度的降低和临床分期的升高而升高。结论:CD146与PCa微血管形成相关;CD146表达和微血管的形成在PCa的发生、浸润和转移中起重要作用。检测CD146蛋白的表达和MVD有助于判断病情程度及预后。     

Value of D-Dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection

Objective: To evaluatel the value of D-dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection (AAD). Methods: This study consisted of 16 patients with AAD and 27 non-AAD patients. Serum D-dimets were measured by Sta-Liatest D-DI immunoturbidimetric assay. Results: D-dimer level was higher (P ＜ 0.001) in patients with AAD(7.91 ± 5.52 μg/ml) than that in non- AAD group(1.57±1.24 μg/ml). D-dimer was positive (＞0.4 μg/ml) in all patients with AAD and in 10 control group patients (37%). Among patients with acute AAD, D-dimers tended to be higher in Stanford A than in Stanford B (8.67 ± 4.31 μg/ml vs. 3.24±1.27 μg/ml, P ＜0.01). D-dimer values tended to be higher in more extended disease(3.84 ± 1.65 μg/ml, 8.57 ± 3.58 μg/ml and 11.87 ± 5.69 μg/ml in thoracic aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta and iliacal arteries, respectively, P ＜ 0.05 for both 8.57 ± 3.58 and 11.87 ± 5.69 vs. 3.84 ± 1.65 ). Including the control group into the analysis, we found a sensitivity of 100%, a negative predictive value of 100%, and a specificity of 66% and a positive predictive value of 64% for D-dimer in diagnosis of AAD in our patients with suspected AAD. Conclusion: D-dimer was elevated in patients with AAD. A negative D-dimer test result could be useful in excluding AAD.     

Research of combined liver-kidney transplantation model in rats

Objective： To set up a simple and reliable rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation. Methods： SD rats served as both donors and recipients. 4℃ sodium lactate Ringer＇s was infused from portal veins to donated livers,and from abdominal aorta to donated kidneys, respectively. Anastomosis of the portal vein and the inferior vena cava （IVC） inferior to the right kidney between the graft and the recipient was performed by a double cuff method, then the superior hepatic vena cava with suture. A patch of donated renal artery was anastomosed to the recipient abdominal aorta. The urethra and bile duct were reconstructed with a simple inside bracket. Results： Among 65 cases of combined liver-kidney transplantation, the success rate in the late 40 cases was 77.5%. The function of the grafted liver and kidney remained normal. Conclusion： This rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation can be established in common laboratory conditions with high success rate and meet the needs of renal transplantation experiment.     

BLOOD PRESSURE CHANGE WITH AGE IN SALT-SENSITIVE TEENAGERS

Objective To observe blood pressure change with age in salt-sensitive teenagers whose salt sensitivity were determined by repeated testing.Methods Salt sensitivity was determined through intravenous infusion of normal saline combined with volume-depletion by oral diuretic furosemide in 55 teenagers. After five years, salt sensitivity was re-examined and subject blood pressure was followed up. Blood pressure changes in salt-sensitive teenagers were compared to that of non-salt sensitive teenagers over five years.Results After 5 years, the repetition rate of salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading is 92.7%. In teenagers with salt sensitivity on the baseline, both the systolic blood pressure increments and increment rates were much higher than non-salt sensitive teenagers (12.7±12.1 mmHg vs. 2.8±5.2 mmHg, P＜ 0.01; 12.2%± 12.0% vs. 2.5% ±4.4%, P＜ 0.001,respectively). There was a similar trend for diastolic blood pressure (8.4 ± 6.4 mmHg vs. 3.7 ± 6.4 mmHg, P = 0.052; 13.2% ±10.6 % vs. 6.8%± 10.1%, P = 0.053, respectively).Conclusions Salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading showed good reproducibility. Blood pressure increments with age were much higher in salt-sensitive teenagers than non-salt sensitive teenagers, especially in terms of systolic blood pressure.     

安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术后生活质量影响的研究

目的：评价使用安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术（PPCI）术后生活质量的影响.方法：将160例接受PPCI的急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者随机分为安心颗粒组（术前顿服安心颗粒8.8g,术后安心颗粒4.4 g/次,每日2次）和对照组（仅接受基础药物治疗）.所有患者均服用阿司匹林、氯吡格雷和阿托伐他汀.分别在入院时、出院前1d、出院后180 d时,应用心肌梗死多维度量表（MIDAS）、中文版SF-36评价量表对患者生活质量评分.并观察术后30 d以内的出血并发症、血小板减少症发生情况.结果：入院时和出院前1d,两组患者的心肌梗死MIDAS、SF-36量表评分比较无差异（P＞0.05）;出院后180 d时,与对照组比较,安心颗粒组MIDAS、SF-36评分明显减低（P＜0.05）;组内与入院时比较,两组出院前1d、出院后180 d时,MIDAS、SF-36评分均降低（P＜0.05）.两组患者在随访期间均无大量出血、少量出血、重度和极重度血小板减少症发生,安心颗粒组有4例、对照组有7例发生不明显出血（P＞0.05）.两组发生轻度血小板减少症的患者数比较无差异（P＞0.05）.结论：PPCI使用安心颗粒,能改善急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者的生活质量,且不增加出血风险.     

The comparative studies of the influences of Urapidil and Nicardipine on sino-atrial node function, atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics

Objective:To investigate the influences of urapidil and nicardipine on rabbit sinus function,atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics.Methods:Thirty-two Angora's rabbits were selected and randomly divided into four groups.U1 group:urapidil 0.25 mg/kg;U2 group:urapidil 0.5 mg/kg;N1 group:nicardipine 10 μg/kg;N2 group:nicardipine 20 μg/kg.All these medicine were administrated within 30 seconds.Measurements were taken before and after the administration of urapidil or nicardipine for the following data:mean blood pressure(MAP),heart rate(HR),sino-atrial conduction time(SACT),maximal sinoatrial recovery time(SNRTmax)corrected sinus node recovery time(CSNRT),index of sinus node recovery time(SNRTI),Wenckebach A-V conduction frequency (WB),and P-R interval.Results:Significant MAP and HR changes were identified in all of the four groups before and after administration of both urapidil and nicardipine.No significant changes could be found in the rest of the parameters.Intergroup analysis showed that SACT and CSNRT of N1 and N2 groups were shorter than those of the U2 group(P＜0.01);the MAP decreased(P＜0.01)and the HR increased drastically(P＜0.01).Conclusions:Neither urapidil(0.25 mg/kg,0.5 mg/kg)nor nicardipine(10μg/kg,20μg/kg)has any significant influence on rabbit sinus function or rabbit atrio-ventricular node function.Nicardipine could be a better choice than urapidil for parafunctional sinus node patients.     

Expression of OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the patients of hip fracture due to osteoporosis

Objective：To investigate the gene expression of osteoprotegerin（OPG） and osteoclast differentiation factor（ODF） in the bone tissue of patients with hip fracture due to osteoporosis. Methods：OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the bone tissue in 50 cases of osteoporosis sufferers（over 50 years old） with hip fracture（Observer Group） and 30 cases of hip facture sufferers with no osteoporosis（Control group） were analyzed with the Semi-Quantitative RT-PCR method. Results：The mRNA expressed of ODF, OPG were both high in the patients with hip fracture. In the control group, the expression of OPG mRNA was observed, while the expression of ODF mRNA was very slight. Conclusion：Aged patients contained all signals including OPG, ODF that are essential for inducing osteoclastogenesis and promoting bone resorption.     

The clinicopathological and immuohistochemical analysis of solid-pseudopapillary tumor of the pancreas： report of 9 cases

Objective：To investigate the clinical features, pathological characteristics and immunophenotype of solid-pseudopapillary tumor of the pancreas（SPTP）. Methods：Nine surgically treated cases of SPTP were retrospectively reviewed. Hematoxylin and Eosin（HE） staining and immunohistochemical staining were used to analyze all cases, and the general clinical data was collected. Results：Six patients were asymptomatic except for a palpable mass. Two patients complained of vague-epigastric pain. One patient appeared jaundice. The tumor was encapsulated and solid tissues alternately with cystic tissues. Histologically, the histological structure of solid portion was pseudopapillary with a fibrovascular core. Tumor cells were uniform and medium-sized which were arranged in sheets ets or nests or pseudopapillary patterns. Immunohistochemical studies demonstrated that SPTP proved positive in vimentin（9/9 cases）, AAT（9/9 cases）, NSE（9/9 cases）, ACT（7/9 cases）, CK20（2/9 cases）, CgA（1/9 cases）, S-100（3/gcases）, PR（4/gcases）, Syn（3/9 cases） and CD56（5/9cases）, negative in CEA and ER. Conclusion：SPTP is a tumor predominantly occurring in young women frequently without special symptoms. This tumor has various characteristical histological patterns with different immunophenotype.     

Dynamic Changes in Serum Estradiol and Progesterone levels in Patients of Premenstrual Syndrome with Adverse Flow of Liver-qi

Objective:To probe into the influence of changes of ovarian hormones on the pathogenesis of the specific sub-type premenstrual syndrome(PMS)and reveal partial microcosmic mechanisms of adverse flow of liver-qi.Methods:Estradiol(E2)and progesterone(P)levels in serum were determined at different phases of menstrual cycle by radioimmunoassay.Results:In the group of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.the secretive peak value Of E2 and P at the follicular phase significantly decreased,and the secretive peak value at the luteal phase did not come into being.Conclusions:Low E2 and P secretive peak at the follicular phase and absence of secretive peak at the luteal phase is one of the microcosmic mechanisms of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.One of the pathophysiologic mechanisms of specific sub-type PMS is probably the continuous low level of E2and P.     

Real-time Three-dimensional Echocardiography in Assessment of Left Ventricular and Right Ventricular Volumes

Real-time three-dimensional echocardiography (RT3DE)is a new ultrasound technique that enables dynamic threedimensional visualization and quantification of the heart in real time. Investigation of feasibility and methodology of RT3DE in determining left ventricular (LV) and right ventricular (RV) volumes, RT3DE was performed in 35 normal adults using Philips SONOS 7500 system with a 2-4 MHz matrix array transducer. The 60°×60° "pyramid" volume database was obtained and analyzed on a TomTec echo workstation. Both LV and RV volumes were calculated with four 3DE methods (i.e. apical 2, 4, 8, and 16-plane) through manually tracing ventricular endocardial borders in end diastole and end systole. Stroke volumes were then calculated. LV volume was also measured by 2DE Simpson's rule using GE VIVID 7 ultrasound machine.     

SCREENING FOR A 21-CHROMOSOME ABNORMALITY IN PREIMPLANTED EMBRYOS OF ELDERLY WOMEN

Increasing maternal age is the only etiological factor unequivocally linked to Down's syndrome in humans. The occurrence rate of newborns with Down's syndrome is about 1/220 in women over 35 years old. However, the occurrence rate in embryos fertilized in vitro, of the elder woman is unclear. Using FISH we screened the number of chromosome 21 in preimplanted embryos of 5 elderly women (average age, 38.4 years) to study the feasibility and necessity of screening trisomy 21 in embryos in patients over 35 years old at the in vitro fertilization (IVF) center.