Die Behandlung der Frakturen des Neugeborenen,des Säuglings und des Kleinkindes

Zusammenfassung Die allgemeinen Grundregeln der Knochenbruchbehandlung gelten mit geringen Einschränkungen auch für das früheste Kindesalter. Wegen der Elastizität des kindlichen Knochens und zahlreicher Epiphysenfugen kommen Bruchformen vor, die später nicht beobachtet werden. Außerdem bestehen erhebliche Unterschiede in der Art der Einrichtung und Ruhigstellung der Frakturen. Intraund extrauterine pathologische Frakturen werden besprochen. Typische Geburtsfrakturen und Verletzungen werden vom Gesichtspunkt des Kinderchirurgen und Orthopäden abgehandelt.Mit 9 Textabbildungen (15 Einzelbilder).     

Resektion des proximalen Femurendes zur Wiederbeweglichmachung des Hüftgelenkes

Ohne ZusammenfassungMit 27 Textabbildungen.Die vorliegende Arbeit wurde während er Assistententätigkeit des Verfassers an der Orthopädischen Klinik München auf Anregung des Herrn Prof. Dr. Dr. h. c. G. Hohmann ausgeführt. Der 75. Geburtstag des Herrn Prof. Dr. Dr. h. c. G. Hohmann bietet einen willkommenen Anlaß, diese Arbeit dem Jubilar in Dankbarkeit und Verehrung zu widmen.     

Resektion beim fortgeschrittenen Adenokarzinom des Magens und des Ösophagus

In the current German S3 guidelines surgical treatment is not recommended for metastatic gastric cancer or metastatic adenocarcinoma of the esophagogastric junction; however, in routine practice the indications can be extended so that there may be occasions in which radical surgical intervention for specific individuals may be appropriate as part of a multimodal therapy with curative intent. This article presents the scientific rationale of such an approach based on the available literature considering modern, multimodal therapy concepts including criteria to be met for radical surgery. Currently only retrospective trials and limited current meta-analysis data are available for justifying surgical treatment for metastatic adenocarcinoma. The recently published initial results of the FLOT-3 study identified a patient subgroup that benefits from a resection even though metastasis has occurred. Whether surgical therapy will become an integral part of the treatment of limited metastatic adenocarcinoma of the stomach and esophagus in the future, has to be demonstrated by large prospective randomized studies, such as the RENAISSANCE/FLOT-5 study.     

Luxation des Speichenköpfchens mit gleichzeitiger Fraktur des Speichenschaftes

Ohne ZusammenfassungMit 7 Textabbildungen (9 Einzelbilder)     

Versorgungsrealität des Abdominaltraumas aus der Sicht des Unfallchirurgen

Notfall + Rettungsmedizin - Die Unfallchirurgie in Deutschland, Österreich und der Schweiz hat in den letzten Jahren deutliche Veränderungen erfahren, die zu einer Trennung der...     

Zur Ätiologie und Diagnose des Zenkerschen Pulsionsdivertikels des Ösophagus

Ohne Zusammenfassung (Mit 2 Abbildungen.)     

Zur Darstellung des Tuberculum fibulare des Calcaneus im Röntgenbild

Ohne ZusammenfassungMit 2 Textabbildungen     

Einfluss des Diabetes mellitus auf die Fertilit?t des Mannes

Whilst diabetes mellitus is known to have many systemic complications, male infertility, beyond impotence, retrograde ejaculation and hypogonadism, has not been widely recognised to be one of them. Due to the paucity of studies and inconsistencies regarding the condition's impact on semen quality, few fertility specialists consider the condition noteworthy. As a consequence little information exists as to its prevalence amongst infertile men. Recently the prevailing view has been challenged by findings showing that diabetes induces subtle molecular changes that are important for sperm quality and function. Diabetic men have been found to have a significantly higher percentage of sperm with nuclear DNA damage, a factor known to be associated with compromised fertility and increased miscarriage rates. The mechanism by which this diabetes-related sperm nDNA damage occurs remains unknown. The identification of high levels of advanced glycation end products (AGEs) and their receptor (RAGE) throughout the male reproductive tract coupled to changes in testicular metabolite levels and spermatogenic gene expression suggest that glycation may play an integral role in oxidative stress which in turn causes sperm nDNA damage. As glycation is a normal consequence of life and has been implicated in DNA fragmentation in a variety of seemingly unconnected conditions, it may constitute a common mechanism for the damage seen in sperm DNA.     

Mittelstandsorientierung des PSA-Screenings?

Background

Prostate cancer is the most frequent male cancer. In Germany most tumors are detected by PSA testing. Data on the long-term survival of patients with localized early prostate carcinoma are insufficient. We examined the relative survival of the patients with organ-defined prostate cancer (TNM T1–2N0M0, UICC I-II) compared to the standardized age-adjusted rates of the normal male population.

Methods

Epidemiological and clinical data from 4,124 patients with prostate cancer diagnosed from 1998 to 2007 were extracted from the cancer registry of the tumor center in Regensburg; 2,087 patients suffered from localized early cancer. Kaplan-Meier analysis was used to estimate the overall survival rates in the patient cohorts irrespective of primary cancer therapy. These rates were adjusted for the expected survival rates in a comparable set of individuals from the general population.

Results

Eight years after diagnosis, patients with stage I and II localized prostate cancer had an approximately 10% relative increase in survival compared with the normal male population. This relative increase in survival was already observed 3 years after diagnosis.

Conclusion

Patients with stage I–II localized prostate cancer have improved survival compared with the normal male population. This finding cannot be explained solely by the administration of prostate cancer treatments, which do not affect survival until 8–10 years after treatment, suggesting that men who participate in PSA testing may have a better overall health status. Another hypothesis may be a social gradient of PSA testing in Germany.     

Neurourologische Funktionsst?rungen des unteren Harntraktes bei Erkrankungen des ZNS

The lower urinary tract (LUT) is regulated by a complex neural network that is subject to supraspinal control. Neurological disorders, especially of the central nervous system (CNS), can rapidly lead to disruption of this control. Multiple sclerosis, Parkinson's disease, multiple system atrophy, and stroke are neurological disorders which quite frequently cause dysfunction of the LUT. With respect to the pathophysiology of bladder dysfunction in CNS diseases there are various hypotheses regarding the individual disorders: disturbances of neural communication between the frontal cortex and pontine micturition center, between the pontine micturition center and the lumbosacral parts of the spinal cord, and between the basal ganglia, thalamus, and anterior cingulate gyrus appear to play a pivotal role in the development of bladder dysfunction. The symptoms and urodynamic presentation of LUT dysfunction can vary considerably depending on the disease and disease progression and can change in the course of the disease. The incidence and prevalence of LUT dysfunctions rise with increasing progression of the underlying neurological disease.Various conservative, minimally invasive, and open surgical procedures are available to prevent harmful sequelae and to improve the quality of life of these patients. As yet, however, few data exist on most of the treatment options in cases of the above-mentioned CNS diseases. Intermittent self-catheterization and antimuscarinic medications are among the most important conservative treatment options. Injection of botulinum neurotoxin type A into the detrusor muscle and increasingly sacral or pudendal neuromodulation are among the most important minimally invasive treatment options. Surgical methods include reconstructive continent or incontinent urinary diversion.When planning therapy the patient's current needs and neurological limitations as well as possible disease progression must be taken into consideration. It is often advisable to consult with and enlist the cooperation of the attending neurologist when planning treatment.     

Die chirurgische Behandlung des Syndroms der Verkürzung des Iliotibialtraktes

Zusammenfassung Nach einer Übersicht der wichtigsten Operationsmethoden wird vom Verfasser die von ihm entwickelte Operationsmethode beschrieben, die auf die Erwägungen vonSoutter undYount aufbaut. In einem Zeitraum von 5 Jahren wurde in 548 Fällen wegen Syndroms der Verkürzung des Iliotibialtraktes bei einem Krankengut von 401 Patienten das aktiv-chirurgische Heilverfahren gewählt.Mit 7 Textabbildungen     

Die Leistung des Röntgenbildes in der Differentialdiagnose des Mastdarmkrebses

Ohne Zusammenfassung     

Radiumbehandlung des Ösophaguskarzinoms

Ohne Zusammenfassung (Mit 5 Abbildungen.) Nach einem Vortrage auf der Sitzung der mittelrheinischen Chirurgen in Freiburg am 30. VII. 1920.     

Begutachtung im Rahmen des Schwerbehindertengesetzes und des sozialen Entschädigungsrechtes

In the wake of the First and Second World Wars, an extensive system of social compensation and assistance for the war disabled evolved in Germany and later on also for civilians. Depending on the origin of the disability, the benefits are composed either of revenues and pensions and/or tax reductions and nonfinancial assistance. In any case, the extent of these benefits depends on the grade of disability (GdB/MdE) determined by medical examination and on expert opinions in accordance with detailed legal regulations.     

Sonographische Visualisierung des Führungsdrahtes und Positionierung des zentralen Venenkatheters

Die Anaesthesiologie - Nach Anlage eines zentralen Venenkatheters (ZVK) muss die Katheterlage kontrolliert und ein Pneumothorax ausgeschlossen werden. 1) Kann mittels Ultraschall über...