Measured visual acuity of fellow eyes as a prognostic factor in macular hole surgery

PURPOSE: To investigate the effect of the vision of the fellow eye on the visual acuity of eyes after successful macular hole surgery. DESIGN: Prospective consecutive series. METHODS: A consecutive series of eyes with successful macular hole closure were studied and assigned to one of two groups according to the visual acuity of the fellow eye; a group with visual acuity less than 20/200 and a group with visual acuity of 20/200 or better. Preoperative and postoperative visual acuity in the two groups was measured based on the logarithm of the minimal angle of resolution (LogMAR), and postoperative visual acuity was also determined by using the multiple-letter visual acuity chart, which permitted measurement of visual acuity at an extrafoveal point. RESULTS: Group 1 (<20/200) consisted of 19 eyes and group 2 (>20/200) consisted of 51 eyes. LogMAR visual acuity at 6 months postoperatively was significantly better in group 1 than in group 2 (0.21 vs 0.41, P <.01). The logMAR change 6 months after surgery was significantly greater in group 1 than in group 2 (0.49 vs 0.23, P <.01). There was no significant difference between two groups in logMAR visual acuity at 6 months postoperatively determined with the multiple-letter visual acuity chart (0.20 vs 0.29, P >.05). CONCLUSIONS: Visual recovery after successful macular hole surgery is inversely correlated with vision in the fellow eye. Learning to use eccentric fixation may contribute to visual improvement after macular hole surgery.     

斜视性弱视手术后视功能恢复情况的短期疗效研究

目的:了解斜视手术后3mo内对斜视性弱视眼的视功能恢复情况的研究。方法:对2006-06/2008-03在我院行斜视手术的合并有弱视的98例患儿,年龄3.5～15(平均7)岁,其中共同性外斜76例,共同性内斜22例,手术前后用国际标准视力表进行视力的检测、同视机进行双眼视功能检查以及睫状肌麻痹下屈光状态的检查,采用自身对照的方法,将术后1wk;1,3mo的弱视眼视力、双眼视功能以及屈光状态与术前对比,统计学采用两因素方差分析(two-way ANOVA)。结果:术后1wk弱视眼视力较术前提高有显著性差异(P<0.05),双眼融合范围较术前提高有显著性差异。立体视觉的产生在术后1mo较术前有显著性差异。术后1mo的屈光状态与术前相比无统计学差异。结论:斜视性弱视经过斜视手术后可以迅速改善斜视性弱视眼的注视性质,使弱视眼视力和双眼视功能在术后1wk即可得到有效的提高,屈光状态无明显改变,眼位的正常是恢复视功能的关键。     

下转配偶肌功能不全

目的总结并探讨下转配偶肌功能不全的临床特点。设计回顾性病例系列。研究对象北京同仁医院69例大角度水平斜视伴有上斜肌亢进及下直肌肌力弱者。方法通过记录患者的发病年龄、检查患者的视力、眼位、眼球运动,对患者的临床特点进行分析。主要指标患者的发病年龄,视力,水平与垂直眼位,眼球运动,双眼视功能等。结果本类型斜视发病年龄早,≤2岁发病者44例（63．77％）。双眼视力良好,视力或矫正视力正常者65例（94．2％）。双眼视功能不佳,69例患者均未查到双眼融合功能及立体视觉。多与大角度外斜视合并发生,水平斜视伴有A征者占68．11％。第一眼位可表现有交替或一眼上斜视,第二眼位表现内转眼位低,外转眼位高,在双眼左下转和右下转垂直分离更显著。双眼球水平运动表现双眼上斜肌亢进,双眼下直肌肌力弱或一眼上斜肌亢进,另一眼下直肌肌力弱。治疗以矫正A型水平斜视为主。结论下转配偶肌功能不全有明显区别于其他斜视类型的临床表现及鉴别诊断要点,有独立的手术治疗原则。因此可以作为独立命名的一类斜视。     

Tilted disc syndrome and colour vision

PURPOSE: To study colour vision in patients with tilted disc syndrome. METHODS: Colour vision was examined using Bostr?m-Kugelberg (B-K) plates, Farnsworth-Munsell 100-hue test (FM-100) and Farnsworth panel D-15 and Lanthony desaturated panel tests. RESULTS: A total of 35 eyes of 21 patients were examined. Seventeen eyes (49%) of 11 patients were found to have a colour vision defect in at least one eye. The severity of the colour vision defect differed between eyes for six of eight patients with bilateral tilted discs. In two of these patients, colour vision was normal in one eye. Seven patients had a unilateral tilted disc and three of these individuals had a colour vision defect in the affected eye. Of all eyes with a colour vision defect, a red-green defect was found in four eyes (24%), a blue defect in one eye (6%), and a mixed defect in 12 eyes (70%). Colour vision defects were not related to visual acuity or to severity of visual field defects. CONCLUSIONS: This is the first report of colour vision defects in tilted disc syndrome. In the differential diagnosis of tilted disc syndrome, chiasmal lesions and glaucoma, the examination of colour vision may add valuable information. Further, it is recommended that young people with tilted disc syndrome undergo an examination of colour vision so that they can be given appropriate career guidance.     

大角度斜视伴弱视早期手术的疗效

目的探讨大角度斜视伴弱视患儿早期手术的疗效。方法35例35眼大角度斜视伴弱视患儿中，24眼斜视度〉20°以上、视力〈0．3者，尽早行斜视矫正术；其余注视性质不良者11眼，先行后像增视或红色滤光片法训练，改善其注视性质后尽早行斜视矫正术。术后均进行强化综合弱视训练。结果术后6个月眼位正位25眼，欠矫8眼，过矫2眼；弱视基本痊愈12眼，进步19眼，无效4眼，总有效率88．6％．1a后眼位正位24眼，欠矫10眼，过矫1眼；弱视基本痊愈16眼，进步19眼，无效0眼。术后6个月和1a的眼位正位率分别为71、4％和68．6％，经统计学处理无显著性差别（P〉0．05），眼位控制稳定。结论大角度斜视伴弱视患儿，早期手术矫正斜视，有利于视力、双眼视功能恢复．且眼位控制稳定。     

Preoperative factors for postoperative resolution of metamorphopsia in idiopathic macular hole surgery

PURPOSE: To elucidate factors for resolution of metamorphopsia after successful surgery for idiopathic macular hole. PATIENTS AND METHODS: A series of 15 cases of 15 patients with successful surgery for idiopathic macular hole were evaluated for signs of metamorphopsia before and one year after surgery. Preoperative and postoperative assessments included testing of metamorphopsia using M-CHART and optical coherence tomography. The postoperative state of the metamorphopsia was judged to have resolved when the test score was 0.2 or less and to be residual when it was more than 0.2. Classification of preoperative factors in two groups of patients included evaluation of metamorphopsia score, visual acuity, optical coherence tomography findings, and clinical stage of macular hole. RESULTS: Six of 15 eyes (40%) showed postoperative resolution of metamorphopsia. There was no significant correlation of postoperative metamorphopsia score with preoperative score or preoperative visual acuity. Eyes with postoperative resolution of metamorphopsia had a macular hole with a significantly smaller diameter and a significantly thinner retina surrounding the hole. Two eyes with clinical stage 4 macular hole had residual metamorphopsia after surgery. CONCLUSIONS: The diameter of a macular hole and the thickness of the retina surrounding a macular hole are significant preoperative factors for postoperative resolution of metamorphopsia after idiopathic macular hole surgery.     

甲状腺相关眼病行眼外肌后徙松解术的疗效观察

目的探讨甲状腺相关眼病（TAO）致限制性斜视患者眼外肌后徙松解术后,视力、眼压、视野、视网膜中央动脉血流速度的变化。方法选择2002年1月至2004年1月于北京协和医院眼科诊治的17例（20只眼）因TAO致限制性斜视行手术治疗的患者,其中1例行上直肌断腱术、1例行上直肌悬吊术、1例行右下直肌后徙联合左上直肌后徙术,余14例（17只眼）行下直肌后徙术。20只患眼手术前、后均检查视力、眼压、视野,测量视网膜中央动脉血流速度,并进行对照比较。结果术后5只眼视力提高≥2行,15只眼维持术前视力;术前、后眼压和视野平均缺损情况比较,差异有统计学意义（P〈0．01）;术前、后视网膜中央动脉血流参数比较：术后收缩期峰值血流速度（PSV）、舒张末期血流速度（EDV）增加及阻力指数（RI）降低（P〈0．05）。结论TAO致限制性斜视患者于静止期行眼外肌后徙松解术治疗,不仅可消除复视,使眼球运动好转,而且能提高裸眼视力、缓解眼压、改善视野和视网膜中央动脉血流速度。（中华眼科杂志,2005,41：772—776）     

Disturbances of binocular vision in macular heterotopia]

BACKGROUND: Tractive translocation of the macula (secondary macular heterotopia) may result in disturbance of binocular vision. The report of a case shall discuss the sensorial problems of these patients. HISTORY AND SIGNS: We report of a 40-years old male who had decreased visual acuity and loss of binocular vision for several years due to episodes of uveitis with intravitreous hemorrhage and cataract formation. After bilateral vitrectomy and cataract extraction a good visual acuity was restored in both eyes. Postoperatively, the patient monocularly complained about disturbed egocentric localization (tilting of the visual environment, "past-pointing") and metamorphopsia. Binocularly he was confused by doubled vision with tilted images. Both maculae showed a tractive translocation of 15 degrees downward. Measurements of binocular alignment with the tangent screen showed an excyclotropia of 8 degrees and an exotropia of 7 degrees in all directions of gaze. Haploscopic examination with fusion images demonstrated that sensorial fusion was not possible even with perfect ocular alignment due to disturbed relative retinal localization (obligate fixation disparity). THERAPY AND OUTCOME: Initially, full time occlusion of the left eye was required. After improvement of symptoms occlusion therapy was slowly tapered. Within one year the patient had learned to suppress the image of his left eye and reported only minor residual visual disturbances even without occlusion of his left eye. CONCLUSIONS: Secondary translocation of the macula monocularly results in a disturbance of egocentric localization and in metamorphopsia. Binocularly doubled vision with tilted images and a loss of sensorial fusion are seen. With monocular vision, perceptual adapting to the aberration in egocentric localisation is possible within weeks by reallocation of the retinal meridians in the central nervous system. Binocular improvement of symptoms is limited to the learning of suppression. Improvement of binocular symptoms by adaptation of retinal correspondence does not occur.     

先天性上斜肌麻痹患者28例术后双眼视功能变化

目的:探讨先天性上斜肌麻痹患者手术后双眼视功能变化。方法:先天性上斜肌麻痹患者28例手术前、后分别行斜视度和双眼视功能检查,统计分析其变化。结果:术后正位率89.3%。手术后有同时视、融合和立体视的患者分别增加9,13和13例,与术前相比差异具有显著性(P<0.05)。近立体视觉有明显改善。术前斜视度小、视力好且有融合功能的患者术后双眼视功能恢复好。结论:先天性上斜肌麻痹手术治疗在改善眼位的同时,双眼视功能部分得以重建。视功能恢复与视力、斜视度及有无融合功能有关。     

Binocular diplopia following vision restoration in patients with keratoconus and sensory strabismus

PURPOSE: To report the phenomenon of newly-noted binocular diplopia following vision improvement in patients with sensory strabismus secondary to keratoconus, and to document the effect of strabismus surgery on this diplopia. METHODS: Retrospective institutional case series [1982--2005] of records coded with keratoconus and strabismus. Keratoconus patients with visual acuity that could not be improved, childhood strabismus, known reason for acquired strabismus (other than decreased vision from kerataconus), decreased vision from other ocular disease, monocular diplopia, failure of strabismus surgery, and/or less than six months follow-up after strabismus surgery were excluded. RESULTS: Although 103 medical records were identified, only seven met the strict inclusion criteria. All seven patients presented with gradual reduction in vision (not due to their strabismus), and none initially complained of diplopia. After intervention to improve visual acuity, six complained of constant binocular diplopia. This diplopia resolved after successful strabismus surgery. Postoperative Worth four-dot testing demonstrated suppression. CONCLUSIONS: Binocular diplopia, noted after intervention to improve visual acuity in our patients with strabismus secondary to long-standing uncorrected keratoconus, resolved after successful surgical alignment. Our patients may have developed suppression from uncorrected keratoconus before their sensory strabismus occurred.     

Cataract surgery in children with chronic uveitis

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the visual outcome of cataract surgery in children's eyes with chronic uveitis and the feasibility of intraocular lens (IOL) implantation in these cases. DESIGN: Retrospective noncomparative case series. PARTICIPANTS: Seventeen children (20 eyes) with chronic uveitis, dense cataract, and a preoperative visual acuity of 6/120 or less with follow-up of 5 years after the initial cataract surgery. METHODS: In 10 eyes of 10 children (five with juvenile rheumatoid arthritis [JRA] and five with non-JRA-associated uveitis) with uniocular or markedly unequal binocular disease, surgery was carried out through the limbus and a posterior chamber IOL was implanted. In seven children (10 eyes), three with JRA and four with non-JRA-associated disease, a pars plana approach was used, and contact lenses or glasses (for the bilateral cases) were prescribed. RESULTS: The postoperative course and immediate restored visual acuities were similar whether an IOL was implanted or not. One month after the surgery, visual acuity improved in all operated eyes. After monocular surgery, in the younger children, contact lenses were poorly tolerated and their use discontinued. These aphakic eyes remained with low vision, developing strabismus on longer follow-up. Children with JRA-associated uveitis were younger, demonstrated an active intraocular inflammation for an extended period after surgery, and tended to have secondary membranes develop, necessitating a second surgical intervention. Five years after the initial surgery, only two of nine eyes (22%) in the JRA group (one aphakic of a bilaterally affected child and one pseudophakic in a child undergoing cataract surgery in one eye) retained a visual acuity of 6/9 and 6/6, respectively. In the other seven eyes, the visual acuity was 6/60 in one pseudophakic eye and 6/240 or less in six eyes (three aphakic and three pseudophakic). In children with non-JRA-associated uveitis, 6 (four aphakic in two patients bilaterally affected and two pseudophakic) of 11 eyes (54.5%) retained a vision of 6/12 or better. CONCLUSIONS: Cataract surgery in children's eyes with uveitis may be beneficial. IOL implantation seems preferable to correction with contact lenses in young children needing surgery in one eye. In children with JRA-associated uveitis, the final visual results remain guarded because of irreversible amblyopia and a more complicated postoperative course. For these cases, a modified management approach and a better surgical technique are needed.     

Functional assessment of reattached macula in nine cases with excellent Snellen acuities

PURPOSE: To compare the macular functions of patients with excellent visual acuity after retinal detachment (RD) surgery, with the healthy fellow eye. METHODS: Of 214 patients, nine patients, who were successfully operated because of unilateral RD involving the macula and achieved excellent visual acuity, were analysed. The fellow eyes of the patients were taken as the control group. The macular functions were evaluated with visual acuity, contrast sensitivity, colour vision, visual field, and pattern VEP in operated and nonoperated eyes. RESULTS: There was no significant difference in visual acuity, contrast sensitivity, colour vision, and VEP outcomes between operated and nonoperated eyes. However, it was seen that the mean deviation in the visual field was significantly higher in the operated eyes (5.8+/-1.8 dB) when compared with the undetached fellow eyes (3.1+/-1.8 dB), (t=12.5; P=0.013). CONCLUSION: Even though the visual acuity, colour vision, contrast sensitivity, and VEP results returned to normal after a successful RD surgery, we found that the mean deviation measured by the visual field, which reflects the retinal sensitivity, was still significantly low after nearly 5 years follow-up.     

Visual function after foveal translocation with 360-degree retinotomy and simultaneous torsional muscle surgery in patients with myopic neovascular maculopathy

PURPOSE: To assess functional and anatomical outcomes after foveal translocation with 360-degree retinotomy and simultaneous torsional muscle surgery in patients with myopic neovascular maculopathy. METHODS: Foveal translocation with 360-degree retinotomy was performed in 11 eyes of 11 patients with myopic neovascular maculopathy. Ten eyes had simultaneous torsional muscle surgery with recession of the superior oblique muscle and tucking of the inferior oblique muscle. Silicone oil removal with or without intraocular lens implantation was performed 2 to 8 weeks after the primary procedure. Visual acuity, binocular function, and degree of cyclotorsion were assessed preoperatively and postoperatively. Angles of retinal and globe rotation, distance of foveal shift, and surgical complications were also investigated. RESULTS: With a mean postoperative follow-up of 6.2 months (range, 3 to 13 months), vision improved (greater than 0.2 logarithm of minimal angle of resolution [logMAR] units) in eight eyes, was unchanged in two eyes, and worsened (greater than 0.2 logMAR units) in 1 eye. Seven of 11 eyes (64%) had a final visual acuity of 20/50 or better. Five patients developed or maintained binocular fusion, four patients continued to have suppression, and two patients developed diplopia that was managed by spectacles with Fresnel prisms. Subjective cyclotorsion was less than 8 degrees in 10 eyes. Mean retinal and globe rotations were 23.4 degrees and 19.8 degrees, respectively. Average size of the choroidal neovascular membrane was 0.8 disk diameter, whereas the average distance of foveal shift was 1.5 disk diameter. After the primary procedure, three eyes developed retinal detachment, one eye macular hole, and one eye proliferative vitreoretinopathy. These complications were successfully managed by additional surgery. CONCLUSION: Foveal translocation with 360-degree retinotomy is effective in restoring vision in some patients with myopic neovascular maculopathy. Although the development of torsional diplopia is generally obviated by simultaneous extraocular muscle surgery, a relatively high incidence of surgical complications should be taken into account with this procedure.     

Correction of cyclovertical strabismus induced by limited macular translocation in a case of age-related macular degeneration

PURPOSE: To report a case of strabismus surgery performed to treat cyclovertical strabismus induced by limited macular translocation. METHODS: Case report. RESULTS: A 62-year-old man suffering with age-related macular degeneration and subfoveal choroidal neovascularization, RE, underwent limited macular translocation surgery. The fovea was rotated downward, and his visual acuity improved from 20/100 to 20/25 postoperatively. Cyclovertical diplopia persisted for 6 months after the operation. A Hess screen test revealed a pattern that simulated an underaction of the superior oblique muscle and inferior rectus muscle with an overaction of the ipsilateral inferior oblique muscle. To treat the diplopia, advancement of the superior oblique muscle tendon and resection of the ipsilateral inferior rectus muscle were performed. Binocular single vision with 140 seconds of arc for stereopsis was obtained. CONCLUSION: Cyclovertical strabismus after limited macular translocation is corrective with conventional surgery on the treated eye.     

特发性黄斑裂孔手术治疗后视物变形度的评估

目的 观察特发性黄斑裂孔(IMH)成功手术治疗后视物变形改善,分析手术后视物变形度与手术前黄斑裂孔指数(MHI)、黄斑裂孔预后因数(HPF)以及手术后视力之间是否关联.方法 30例经玻璃体切割联合内界膜剥离手术治疗后光相干断层扫描(OCT)检查证实黄斑裂孔闭合且随访时间≥6个月的IMH患者的60只眼纳入研究.患者均为单眼发病,对侧眼裸眼视力大于20/25且无视物变形.手术前后均进行最佳矫正视力(BCVA)检查,并通过OCT及视物变形表(M-Chart表)进行黄斑裂孔及黄斑区视网膜形态、视物变形度检查.测量患眼垂直变形度(MV)与水平变形度(MH),以及手术前黄斑裂孔基底直径、黄斑裂孔最窄直径、裂孔边缘高度,计算裂孔边缘高度与基底直径比,即MHI和裂孔边缘高度与最窄直径比,即HPF.M-chart值为MV和MH的平均值.手术前患眼MV和MH平均值分别为(1.82±0.04).和(1.81±0.04)..采用SPSS 16.0统计分析软件对数据进行分析.结果 手术后6个月随访时患眼MV与MH分别为(0.17±0.03).和(0.11±0.03).,与手术前比较,差异有统计学意义(Z=-0.788,P＜0.05).手术后M-chart值与手术后最小视角对数(logMAR)BCVA正相关(r=0.504,P=0.004),与MHI、HPF负相关(r=-0.676,-0.518,P值均＜0.05).结论 成功的玻璃体切除联合内界膜剥离手术可明显改善IMH患者的视物变形,手术后视物变形度与手术前黄斑裂孔形态、手术后视力相关.

Abstract：

Objective To evaluate quantification of metamorphopsia in eyes with idiopathic macular hole (IMH) before and after surgical treatment, and investigate its relationship between postoperative visual acuity, the macular hole index (MHI), and the macular hole prognostic factor (HPF). Methods Thirty eyes of 30 patients, who underwent successful vitrectomy and internal limiting membrane (ILM) peeling for IMH and were followed up more than 6 months, were included in the study. The uncorrected visual acuity of the fellow eyes was better than 20/25 and there was no metamorphopsia in that eye. The macular hole closure was confirmed by optical coherence tomography (OCT) scans. Metamorphopsia was evaluated by metamorphopsia-charts (M-chart). OCT, best corrected visual acuity (BCVA) and metamorphopsia were obtained before and after surgery. Vertical (MV) and horizontal (MH) metamorphopsia, macular hole index (MHI, the ratio of the height to the diameter of the base) , and macular hole prognostic factor (HPF,the ratio of the height to the minimum diameter) were measured. The metamorphopsia score was the average value of MV and MH. SPSS 16. 0 statistical analysis software was used for data analysis. Results Preoperative MV and MH were (1.82±0.04)° and (1.81±0.04)°, respectively. Six months after surgery,the MV and MH were (0.17±0.03)° and (0.11±0.03)° respectively. There was significant difference between pre- and post-operative metamorphopsia results (Z=-0.788, P＜0.05). The metamorphopsia score at 6 months after surgery were positively correlated with the value of the postoperative BCVA (LogMAR) (r=0.540, P=0.004) and negatively correlated with the values of preoperative MHI and HPF (r=-0.676,-0.518; P＜0.05). Conclusions Successful vitrectomy and ILM peeling can improve metamorphopsia of IMH. Postoperative metamorphopsia was correlated with the postoperative BCVA and the preoperative macular hole contour.     

儿童先天性上斜肌麻痹术后双眼视功能的变化

目的:通过对儿童先天性上斜肌麻痹手术前后双眼视功能的观察,探讨其术后成功重建双眼视觉的影响因素。方法:对30例34眼接受手术治疗的儿童先天性上斜肌麻痹患者进行回顾性分析,所有患者手术前后均用同视机检查双眼视功能,Titmus(立体视检查图)检查近立体视觉。结果:手术后同时知觉、融合功能、远立体视、近立体视较术前均有明显改善,有统计学差异(P<0.05);比较不同视力手术后立体视的变化情况,发现好视力组术后立体视恢复较差视力组好,两者比较有统计学差异(P<0.05);不同斜视度数术后立体视改善情况不同,大度数组术后立体视恢复较小度数组差,两者比较有统计学差异(P<0.05)。比较有无代偿头位,发现有代偿头位组术后立体视好于无代偿头位组,两者有统计学差异(P<0.05)。结论:儿童先天性上斜肌麻痹术后双眼视功能明显改善,视力、斜视度、代偿头位对术后双眼视觉重建均有影响。     

Visual Loss Due to Non-Arteritic Anterior Ischemic Optic Neuropathy (NAION) Immediately Following Routine Strabismus Surgery Under General Anesthesia-A Case Report

Purpose: To report a case of non-arteritic anterior ischemic optic neuropathy (NAION) observed immediately after uncomplicated strabismus surgery performed under general anesthesia. Methods: A 61-year-old woman underwent an uncomplicated strabismus surgery of her right eye under general anesthesia. Preoperatively visual acuity (VA) was LogMAR 0.18 in both eyes. Design: Retrospective, observational case report and literature review. Results: Two days following surgery, patient presented with painless visual loss. VA was No Perception of Light (NPL). Fundoscopy revealed right optic disc swelling and relative afferent pupillary defect. Perioperatively patient experienced 2 hypotensive episodes. She was evaluated for alternative etiologies of her optic neuropathy, with negative results. She was found to have mild hypercholesterolemia, which was not known prior to surgery. After 2 months she developed optic atrophy in the affected eye and the visual acuity did not recover. Conclusions: To our knowledge, this is the first documented case of non-arteritic anterior ischemic optic neuropathy occurring immediately after strabismus surgery.     

特发性黄斑前膜患者内界膜剥除术后视功能的影响因素分析

目的：探讨影响特发性黄斑前膜患者内界膜剥除术后视功能恢复的危险因素。

方法：回顾我院2016-01/2020-04收治的特发性黄斑前膜行视网膜内界膜剥除术的患者118例118眼。术后随访6mo评价手术疗效,观察术前、术后1、3、6mo的视力变化、视物变形程度、黄斑中心凹平均厚度、黄斑区容积。分析术前及术后黄斑中心凹平均厚度、黄斑区容积与术后视力及视物变形评分的相关性,评估术后视功能恢复不良的危险因素。

结果：本组患者96眼视功能恢复良好,手术治疗改善率为81.4%。与术前相比,术后1、3、6mo术眼视力明显提升(P<0.05),水平方向视物变形评分明显缩小(P<0.05),术眼黄斑中心凹平均厚度、黄斑区容积明显减小(P<0.05)。术前与术后6mo黄斑中心凹平均厚度、黄斑区容积与术后6mo视力均呈负相关(P<0.05),与术后6mo水平方向视物变形评分均呈正相关(P<0.05)。IMEM病程、术前矫正视力、术前水平或垂直方向视物变形、术前黄斑水肿是患者术后视功能恢复情况的影响因素(均P<0.05),其中术前矫正视力差(OR=3.062)、术前存在水平方向视物变形(OR=2.438)、术前存在黄斑水肿(OR=2.000)是导致患者术后视功能恢复不良的危险因素。

结论：内界膜剥除术治疗特发性黄斑前膜效果良好,可有效改善术眼视力,减轻视物变形。病程越长、术前矫正视力越差、术前视物变形越严重、术前有黄斑水肿的患者内界膜剥除术后视功能恢复越差。     

Restoration of binocular single vision after long-term fusion disruption.

BACKGROUND: One of the most difficult situations faced by orthoptists and pediatric ophthalmologists is attempting to restore binocular single vision to a patient who has experienced a long-term disruption of fusion. Initial poor results with standard treatment modalities, including prisms and strabismus surgery, may lead to a diagnosis of intractable diplopia. METHODS: We examined, treated, and followed up 5 patients with strabismus after an extended period of monocular vision loss. All patients were diplopic after the restoration of visual acuity in the affected eye. RESULTS: All 5 patients experienced a period of uncomfortable intermittent fusion with the initial prismatic correction. After many months of close follow-up with prism and orthoptic therapy, comfortable fusion was restored for 3 patients. Convergence amplitudes improved with the orthoptic exercises, and we were eventually able to eliminate most or all of the horizontal prism in the 3 patients who regained binocular single vision; however vertical fusion was less responsive and most often required permanent prismatic correction. CONCLUSIONS: A combination of prism therapy, orthoptic treatment, and follow-up during a period of many months to years can restore fusion in some patients who have experienced a long-term disruption of fusion.