脑干听觉诱发电位对脑干缺血诊断价值的探讨

目的：探讨脑干听觉诱发电位对脑干缺血诊断价值。方法：对44例经颅多普勒检查（TCD）确定为椎基底动脉供血不足的眩晕患者（VBI组）进行脑干听觉诱发电位（BAEP）检查,并与52例经颅多普勒检查确定为脑血管痉挛的眩晕患者（对照组）脑干听觉诱发电位检查结果进行对照分析。结果：椎基底动脉供血不足的眩晕组BAEP异常率为52．27％,明显高于对照组（3．85％,P＜0．001）。VBI组BAEP各波潜伏期均长于对照组（P＜0．05）,BAEP的I波及V波波幅低于对照组（P＜0．05）。结论：脑干听觉诱发电位可作为评价脑干缺血及其程度的一个客观指标。     

叠氮化钠中毒临床及神经电生理特点

目的探讨叠氮化钠中毒的临床及神经电生理特点。方法回顾性分析11例叠氮化钠中毒患者的临床资料。结果本组中,以肢体麻木为首发症状4例,以乏力为首发症状3例,行走不稳2例,头晕、恶心2例。主要临床表现为肢体麻木8例,乏力6例,行走不稳4例,头晕、恶心3例,声弱2例,复视2例,四肢肌力减退7例,肌张力减低3例,腱反射减弱3例,皮肤针刺觉减退3例。电生理主要表现为运动神经传导速度(MCV)减慢、远端潜伏期(DML)延长和波幅(AMP)减低、感觉神经传导速度(SCV)减慢和AMP减低;脑干听觉诱发电位(BAEP)、视觉诱发电位(VEP)及躯体感觉诱发电位(SEP)潜伏期(Lat)及波间期延长,AMP减低。与治疗前比较,治疗后正中神经、尺神经、腓深神经的MCV、AMP、DML,正中神经、尺神经、腓浅神经及腓肠神经的SCV、AMP,SEP的AMP的异常率差异无统计学意义(均P0.05)。与治疗前比较,治疗后BAEP、VEP、SEP的Lat,BAEPⅢ-Ⅴ波间期及BAEP、VEP的AMP的异常率差异有统计学意义(P0.05~0.01)。结论叠氮化钠中毒主要表现为肢体麻木、乏力、行走不稳、头晕、复视,电生理检查主要表现为MCV减慢、远端DML延长和AMP减低及SCV减慢和AMP减低;诱发电位Lat及波间期延长,AMP减低。     

合并糖尿病对后循环短暂性脑缺血发作患者脑干听觉诱发电位的影响

目的使用诱发电位仪检测后循环短暂性脑缺血发作（transient ischemic attack,TIA）患者脑干听觉诱发电位（Brainstem auditory evoked potential,BAEP）的变化,探讨合并糖尿病（DM）的后循环TIA患者受损部位的特点。方法入组后循环TIA病例共58例,其中合并糖尿病组20例,无糖尿病组38例,使用诱发电位仪分别检测其BAEP的变化。结果2组后循环TIA患者的Ⅲ波、Ⅴ波波峰潜伏期（Peaklatency,PL）,Ⅰ～Ⅲ波、Ⅲ～Ⅴ波峰间潜伏期（Interpeak latency,IPL）均较正常值延长,其中合并DM组Ⅲ波PL、Ⅰ～Ⅲ波IPL与无DM组的Ⅲ波PL、Ⅰ～Ⅲ波IPL比较有显著性差异（P〈0.05）,而无DM组的Ⅲ-Ⅴ波IPL与合并DM组的Ⅲ～Ⅴ波IPL比较有显著性差异（P〈0.05）。结论合并DM的后循环TIA患者听神经及脑桥下段较无DM的TIA患者更容易受到缺血性损伤。     

家兔椎基底动脉供血不足动物模型的BAEP变化

目的 为了探讨家兔椎基底动脉缺血后的脑干听觉诱发电位(brainstem auditory evoked potentials，BAEP)变化及其在临床工作中的意义。方法 通过结扎家兔单侧椎动脉从而造成脑干缺血，并连续记录结扎后一小时内的BAEP的变化过程。结果 I、Ⅲ、V潜伏期逐渐延长，以V波延长最明显，I～Ⅲ、Ⅲ～V、I～V峰间期均明显延长，I波、V波波幅改变无统计意义。结论 本实验表明在椎基底动脉供血不全时BAEP有显著异常，可作为椎基底动脉梗死溶栓治疗后脑干功能变化的观察指标。     

TCD和BAEP对椎基底动脉供血不足的研究

目的　探讨经颅多普勒超声 (TCD)和脑干听觉诱发电位 (BAEP)对椎基底动脉供血不足 (VBI)患者的诊断价值。方法　对 1 60例VBI患者行TCD和BAEP检测 ,观察椎基底动脉流速以及脑干电生理指标 ,并对流速与潜伏期作相关回归分析。结果　疾病组椎基底动脉(VBA)流速明显低于对照组 (P <0 0 0 1 )。V波潜伏期、峰间潜伏期及Ⅲ V/I Ⅲ比值较对照组延长。TCD和ABEP异常率分别为 80 %和81 3% ,以VBA流速降低和脑干型异常为主要特点。基底动脉流速降低与潜伏期延长存在负直线相关关系 ,流速越低则潜伏期越长。结论　TCD和BAEP可能是诊断和研究VBI一个重要的方法。     

创伤后应激障碍患者的脑干诱发电位分析

目的：探讨创伤后应激障碍（PTSD）患者的脑干听觉诱发电位（BAEP）变异特点及其与心身症状的关系。方法：对54例PTSD患者进行BAEP检测和心身症状评定,分析BAEP与心身症状的相关性,并与健康人作比较。结果：PTSD患者Pz脑区Ⅲ、Ⅴ波绝对潜伏期和Ⅰ～Ⅲ波间期均延迟,Ⅲ～Ⅴ波间期缩短,Ⅴ／Ⅰ波波幅比下降;症状自评量表（SCL-90）的总分及其躯体化、强迫、抑郁、焦虑因子分,事件影响量表（IES）的总分及其回避、闯入因子分显著高于对照组;Pz脑区BAEP各波的观察指标与大部分心身症状的相关有显著性意义。结论：BAEP检测为PTSD患者的临床辅助诊断提供了一种敏感、客观的电生理学手段。     

卡马西平对诱发电位的影响及意义

目的 研究长期口服卡马西平治疗癫癎对诱发电位的影响,并讨论其意义.方法选择尚未治疗的癫癎病人31例作为试验组;以性别、年龄与癫癎组相匹配的健康正常人26例作为对照组.两组先分别做脑干听觉诱发电位（BAEP）、事件相关电位P300、视觉诱发电位（VEP）和体感诱发电位（SEP）,之后癫癎组开始卡马西平治疗,服药一年后再作上述各项检查.结果 癫癎组病人治疗前各项电生理学指标与正常对照组相比无显著性差异;癫癎组卡马西平治疗后各项电生理指标与治疗前相比BAEP各波、P300以及VEP的P100波潜伏期均显著延长;SEP的潜伏期无显著变化.结论 神经电生理学检查可以早期发现长期服用卡马西平导致的亚临床毒性.     

DM基因CTG重复数与BAEP、SEP、VEP对比分析

目的：探讨强直性肌营养不良（DM）患者及其家系成员三核苷酸重复数CTG（胞嘧啶、胸腺嘧啶、乌嘌呤）的变化与脑干听觉诱发电位（BAEP）、体感诱发电位（SEP）、视觉诱发电位（VEP）的关系。方法：用聚合酶链（PCR）扩增及DNA杂交法对5例临床诊断DM患者及其中三个家系的16名成员进行DM基因的CTG重复数和BAE、SEP和VEP测定。结果：10名正常人CTG重复数是30个，BAEP、SEP、VEP正常；5例DM病人CTG重复数均在85个以上，其中2列在1605个以上，明显高于正常人；16例家系成员中除4例正常，余12例CTG重复数均超过正常基因，而且，CTG重复数与临床症状、BAEP、SEP、VEP轻重有关。结论DM基因诊断有其临床症状、BAEP、SEP、VEP改变相一致。     

椎基底动脉TIA患者BAEP、VEP、TCD的结果分析

目的 探讨BAEP、VEP、TCD对诊断椎基底动脉TIA的意义.方法 取2002-04～2004-06在我院临床上诊断为TIA的98例患者进行BAEP、VEP、TCD试验,并与正常值相比较.结果 BAEP的异常率为62.2%,TCD的异常率为83.7%,VEP的异常7%.结论 BAEP、TCD检查对TIA患者诊断提供很好的帮助,而VEP的临床意义较小.     

癫痫患者的脑诱发电位表现

为160例癫痫患者进行了SEP、BAEP和VEP检查,参照本实验室正常参数标准,把波消失,峰潜伏期延长(>2.5SD)和波幅降低(>2.5SD)做为异常,本组SEP、BAEP、VEP的异常率分别为38.67％、28.28％和21.88％。其中59例SEP、BAEP和VEP同时检查的异常率为52.54％,139例SEP和BAEP同时检查的异常率为48.92％,60例SEP和VEP同时检查的异常率为38.33％,62例BAEP和VEP同时检查的异常率为33.87％,表明SEP较为敏感,BAEP和VEP次之。对本病进行多项诱发电位检查,可进一步提高阳性率。     

卡马西平对诱发电位的影响及意义

目的研究长期口服卡马西平治疗癫对诱发电位的影响,并讨论其意义。方法选择尚未治疗的癫病人31例作为试验组;以性别、年龄与癫组相匹配的健康正常人26例作为对照组。两组先分别做脑干听觉诱发电位(BAEP)、事件相关电位P300、视觉诱发电位(VEP)和体感诱发电位(SEP),之后癫组开始卡马西平治疗,服药一年后再作上述各项检查。结果癫组病人治疗前各项电生理学指标与正常对照组相比无显著性差异;癫组卡马西平治疗后各项电生理指标与治疗前相比BAEP各波、P300以及VEP的P100波潜伏期均显著延长;SEP的潜伏期无显著变化。结论神经电生理学检查可以早期发现长期服用卡马西平导致的亚临床毒性。     

Evoked potential abnormalities in the various inherited ataxias

Visual (VEP), brainstem auditory (BAEP), and somatosensory (SEP) evoked potential tests were performed in 45 patients representing ten types of inherited disorders in which ataxia was the most prominent symptom. Comparable VEP abnormalities were present among all types of patients. Normal BAEP tests were recorded in most patients except those with olivopontocerebellar atrophy. SEP results were often more severely abnormal in patients with Friedreich's ataxia. The observations emphasize the similarity in expression of different metabolic-degenerative disorders. When these tests are used clinically, certain features of evoked potentials (especially left-right symmetry) are typical of the inherited ataxias as a group. Few distinguishing features differentiate the individual disorders.     

Brainstem auditory and somatosensory evoked potentials in neuro-Beh?et's syndrome

Brainstem auditory evoked potentials (BAEPs) and somatosensory evoked potentials after median nerve stimulation (MN-SEPs) and after posterior tibial nerve stimulation (PTN-SEPs) were studied in 17 patients with neuro-Beh?et's syndrome (NB). Eleven patients (64.7%) showed an absence of wave I, III or V or a prolongation of the interpeak latency I-III, or III-V in BAEPs. Six patients (37.4%) showed a prolongation in the latency of cortical P37 of PTN-SEPs and/or the interpeak latency EP-N13 or N13-N18 of MN-SEPs. The BAEP and SEP abnormalities indicated a conduction failure of the acoustic lateral lemniscus pathway and the medial lemniscus pathway in the brainstem of the patients with NB. Abnormal EPs can provide sensitive information which shows the presence of subclinical lesions in the central nervous system.     

Visual, early auditory and somatosensory evoked potentials in multiple sclerosis (917 cases)

Visual (VEP), brainstem auditory (BAEP) and somatosensory (SEP) evoked potentials were recorded over a 6 year period in 917 patients with or suspected of multiple sclerosis according to Mc Alpine's criteria. Evoked potentials provided information of diagnostic relevance in detecting clinically unsuspected lesions (spatial dissemination). They also gave valuable informations in patients with atypical or borderline clinical features. When abnormal, VEP indicated clinically silent lesions in 45.1 p. 100 of patients with definite MS, 66 p. 100 of those with probable MS and 78 p. 100 of the possible MS. Less than 15 p. 100 of SEP and/or BAEP abnormalities were found in 83 patients with a simple or recurring retrobulbar optic neuritis. Thirteen patients with acute transverse myelopathy and no prior history of neurological disease were studied. All had normal visual and brainstem auditory evoked potentials. Abnormal VEPs helped to the clinical assessment of 88 patients with progressive spastic paraparesis 46,6 p. 100 of whom had abnormal VEPs demonstrating disseminated lesions and 36,1 p. 100 had abnormal BAEPs. The frequency of the various types of VEP, BAEP and SEP abnormalities was studied as well as their course on repeated recordings. Results of multivariate analysis are given. It was found that the longer the time interval between the first MS relapse and the evoked potential recording, the higher the incidence of abnormalities. The incidence of evoked potentials abnormalities was lower in patients with normal CSF and higher in patients with inflammatory CSF. The abnormalities were more frequent when patients had clinical evidence of lesions of the sensory pathways explored by the tests.     

A case of alpha coma in acute brainstem dysfunction--consecutive electroencephalograms and evoked potentials

A 31-year-old woman was admitted because of severe headache and dysarthria in December 1985. Neurological examination on admission revealed severe impairment of consciousness, anisocoria, absent light reflex on the right side, and evidence of left hemiparesis, but other brainstem reflexes were intact. A CT scan taken shortly after arrival demonstrated a large hematoma in the right temporal lobe and the right cerebellum. Breathing became irregular and intubation was needed. An emergency operation was performed. After the operation the patient remained comatose without any spontaneous respiration or brainstem reflexes. The next day she was still comatose without any spontaneous movement and other neurological finding remained unchanged. An initial EEG obtained at this time showed an 8- to 9-Hz alpha rhythm of about 15-40 microV with preponderance over the posterior and central regions. Some spontaneous variability was noted. The same day, investigations of brainstem auditory evoked potential (BAEP), visual evoked potential (VEP), and somatosensory evoked potential (SEP) were performed. BAEP showed only the first, second and third waves (I-III) bilaterally. VEP was able to elicit the primary response (II-III) without the secondary response. SEP could not be obtained from the early cortical response to left median nerve stimulation, but showed N14 bilaterally and small N20 upon right median nerve stimulation. On the second day of hospitalization, a repeated EEG showed generalized slowing with loss of alpha frequency rhythms and it proved impossible for SEP to elicit N20 bilaterally. At this time, BAEP showed bilateral I-IIIth waves and VEP still showed primary response.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)     

Evaluation of central neuropathy in type II diabetes mellitus by multimodal evoked potentials

The electrophysiological results in 51 patients with diabetes mellitus type II were compared with those in 30 age and sex matched healthy control subjects. Peripheral and cortical latencies of median and tibial somatosensory evoked potentials (SEP), bilateral I-III and I-V interpeak latencies (IPL) of brainstem auditory evoked potentials (BAEP), bilateral P100 latency of visual evoked potentials (VEP) and bilateral cortical latency and central motor conduction time of motor evoked potentials (MEP) were evaluated. We observed prolonged latencies suggestive of central neuropathy in DM type II. It has been shown that most of the electrophysiological parameters in patients with DM type II correlate with the duration of the disease, some of them with the age of the patient, and few of them with the onset of the disease. To our knowledge, there is no correlation between the electrophysiological parameters and the level of glycemia or the degree of metabolic control. We conclude that central and peripheral neuropathies in DM are related to the duration of the disease and not to the degree of hyperglycemia and metabolic control.     

Multimodality evoked potentials in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis

Visual, brainstem auditory and somatosensory evoked potentials to medial nerve stimulation were recorded in 27 patients affected by amyotrophic lateral sclerosis. VEP N75, P100, N140, N75-P100 latencies and P100 amplitude, BAEP I-III, III-V and I-V interpeak-latencies were within normal limits in all ALS patients. Somatosensory evoked potentials were abnormally delayed in 8 patients: in 3 arms because of a delayed N9-N13 latency, in 9 arms because of a delayed N13-N19 latency.     

BAEP与MRA在椎基底动系统TIA中的应用研究

目的:探讨脑干听觉诱发电位(BAEP)及磁共振血管成像(MRA)检查对椎基底动脉系统TIA的早期诊断价值。方法:对60例椎基底动脉系统TIA患者进行BAEP和MRA检查。BAEP异常患者治疗1周后复查,分析其前后变化。同时选取36例健康人行BAEP检查作对照。结果:治疗前患者组BAEP异常44例(73.3%),MRA异常35例(58.3%);治疗后患者组BAEP异常14例(23.3%)。对照组两项检查均正常。结论:BAEP、MRA对椎基底动脉系统TIA早期诊断具有重要价值,二者联合检测有助于缺血定位。     

Success and failure of evoked potentials in detecting clinical and subclinical lesions in multiple sclerosis patients

The value of visual, brain stem auditory and somatosensory potentials in detecting clinical and subclinical lesions as compared to the routine neurological, ophthalmological and vestibular examinations was investigated in 100 M.S. patients. It would appear that the VEP and SEP are far superior to the routine techniques in demonstrating lesions. On the other hand, the BAEP is inferior to the clinical and vestibular test as an indicator of brain stem lesions. All clinically manifest posterior column lesions are associated with abnormal SEP. However a substantial proportion of clinically evident lesions in the visual pathways or the midbrain and pons are not detectable by the VEP and BAEP.