Overexpression of Metastasis-Associated Protein 1 is Significantly Correlated with Tumor Angiogenesis and Poor Survival in Patients with Early-Stage Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer

Background  

The aims of this work are to detect the expression levels of metastasis-associated protein 1 (MTA1) in patients with early-stage non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), and to investigate the relationship of MTA1 protein with clinicopathologic factors, tumor angiogenesis, and prognosis.     

Concurrent chemoradiotherapy using cisplatin plus s-1, an oral fluoropyrimidine,followed by surgery for selected patients with stage III non-small cell lung cancer: A single-center feasibility study

Purpose  

This single-institutional study was designed to determine whether S-1, an oral fluoropyrimidine, plus cisplatin with concurrent radiotherapy is feasible as an induction treatment for locally advanced non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC).     

Surgical treatment of clinical N1 non-small cell lung cancer: Ongoing controversy over diagnosis and prognosis

Purpose  

The preoperative assessment of nodal status in lung cancer is complicated and problematic for physicians and surgeons. Although many patients with clinical N1 (cN1) non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) are candidates for surgical treatment, these patients represent a heterogeneous subgroup with unpredictable survival. We conducted this study to evaluate the surgical results of cN1 disease and to attempt to clarify the delicate issues surrounding its diagnosis and prognosis.     

<Emphasis Type="Italic">LKB1</Emphasis> gene alterations in surgically resectable adenocarcinoma of the lung

Purpose  

Germline mutations of LKB1 (also known as SKT11; locus 19p13.3) cause the occurrence of autosomal dominant Peutz-Jeghers syndrome (PJS). Nearly half of the non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) cell lines and one-third of lung adenocarcinoma in Caucasian patients have an LKB1 mutation.     

ROS1 Receptor Tyrosine Kinase, a Druggable Target, is Frequently Overexpressed in Non-Small Cell Lung Carcinomas Via Genetic and Epigenetic Mechanisms

Background

Microarray analyses have revealed significantly elevated expression of the proto-oncogene ROS1 receptor tyrosine kinase in 20–30 % of non-small cell lung carcinomas (NSCLC). Selective and potent ROS1 kinase inhibitors have recently been developed and oncogenic rearrangement of ROS1 in NSCLC identified.

Methods

We performed immunohistochemical evaluation of expression of ROS1 kinase and its downstream molecules in 399 NSCLC cases. ROS1 expression in primary and recurring lesions of 92 recurrent NSCLC cases was additionally analyzed. To elucidate mechanism of expression, two ROS1-nonexpressing NSCLC cell lines (Calu6 and H358) and fresh frozen tissues from 28 consecutive NSCLC patients were examined for ROS1 promoter methylation status and ROS1 expression.

Results

Overall expression rate of ROS1 was 22 % (19 % for adenocarcinomas and 25 % for nonadenocarcinomas) in NSCLC. ROS1 expression was a worse prognostic factor for overall survival in adenocarcinomas of stage I NSCLC. In recurred NSCLC, ROS1 expression was significantly higher in recurring tumors (38 %) than primary tumors (19 %). Two NSCLC cell lines showed increased ROS1 expression after treatment with 5-aza-2′deoxycytidine and/or trichostatin A. Among the 14 adenocarcinomas examined, two (14 %) showed more than twice the level of ROS1 expression in tumor tissue than was observed in matched normal tissue and statistically significant differences in the ROS1 promoter methylation level.

Conclusions

A subset of NSCLC revealed overexpression of ROS1 receptor tyrosine kinase, possibly in relation to epigenetic changes. ROS1 expression was an independent prognostic factor for overall survival in adenocarcinomas of stage I NSCLC. Further studies are needed to validate our results.     

Predictors of postoperative survival in patients with locally advanced non-small cell lung carcinoma

Purpose  

A surgical resection for locally advanced non-small cell lung carcinoma (NSCLC) remains controversial. This study analyzed the clinicopathological profile and surgical outcome of patients with locally advanced NSCLC to identify the predictors of survival.     

Sublobectomy Versus Lobectomy for Stage I Non-Small-Cell Lung Cancer,A Meta-Analysis of Published Studies

Background  

The selection of surgeries for patients with stage I NSCLC remains controversial. We evaluated the effectiveness of different surgeries for stage I NSCLC through a meta-analysis of studies that compared sublobectomy with lobectomy.     

mTOR and PTEN expression in non-small cell lung cancer: analysis by real-time fluorescence quantitative polymerase chain reaction and immunohistochemistry

Purpose  

To detect the expression of mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) and PTEN in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), and explore their role in the prognosis of patients with NSCLC.     

XPC mRNA Level May Predict Relapse in Never-smokers with Non-Small Cell Lung Cancers

Background  

Disease recurrence and distant metastasis are the major causes of death in resected non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). The prognostic marker for never-smokers with this disease remains to be identified. To improve patient outcome, establishing an adjacent molecular marker to predict relapse of NSCLC in never-smokers is needed.     

Physical assessment immediately after lobectomy via miniposterolateral thoracotomy assisted by videothoracoscopy for non-small cell lung cancer

Purpose  

We evaluated the invasiveness of videothoracoscopy-assisted mini-posterolateral thoracotomy (VAmPLT) for non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC).     

Value of the metastatic lymph node ratio for predicting the prognosis of non-small-cell lung cancer patients

Background  

The aim of this study was to investigate the relation between the metastatic lymph node ratio (LNR) and the prognosis of non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC).     

Safety of Thoracoscopic Lobectomy in Locally Advanced Lung Cancer

Background  

Thoracoscopic lobectomy is well established for the treatment of early non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Its safety and efficacy for advanced-stage disease remain uncertain.     

Surgical outcome of an anatomical resection of clinical stage IA non-small cell lung cancer assisted with a video-thoracoscopy

Purpose  

Video-assisted resections of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) are now performed worldwide; however, its validity as an oncologic surgical modality still remains to be elucidated.     

Clinicopathological characteristics of resected adenosquamous cell carcinoma of the lung: Risk of coexistent double cancer

Background  

adenosquamous carcinoma (ADSQ) of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) is a rare disease and the biological behavior and clinicopathological characteristics have not yet been thoroughly described.     

Comparison of Clinical and Surgical-Pathological Staging in IIIA Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer Patients

Background  

The heterogeneous group of IIIA NSCLC patients requires careful preoperative clinical staging as tumor size and lymph node involvement guide treatment. The purpose of our study was to analyze the correctness of clinical staging in IIIA patients.     

Prevention of Local Tumor Recurrence Following Surgery Using Low-Dose Chemotherapeutic Polymer Films

Aim  

To evaluate the efficacy of a polymer film designed for prolonged paclitaxel release at surgical margins to prevent local recurrence in non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) following complete surgical resection in a murine model.     

Long-term outcome of hybrid surgical approach of video-assisted minithoracotomy sleeve lobectomy for non-small-cell lung cancer

Background  

The aim of this study was to evaluate the technical feasibility and safety of a hybrid surgical approach of video-assisted minithoracotomy (hybrid VATS) sleeve lobectomy for non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC), using success rate as the primary end point.     

High Expression of CHRNA1 is Associated with Reduced Survival in Early Stage Lung Adenocarcinoma after Complete Resection

Background

Non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) is the leading cause of cancer deaths around the world, and a high recurrence rate after complete resection is an important issue reducing the cure rate and survival of patients with early stage NSCLC. Several pathologic biomarkers are associated with recurrence in early stage lung cancer after complete resection.

Methods

We evaluated the expression and prognostic value of the α1 subunit of the nicotinic acetylcholine receptor (CHRNA1) as well as other pathologic features of tumor tissues resected from patients with stage I adenocarcinoma of the lung.

Results

A high ratio (173/185) of CHRNA1 expression (93.5 %) was found in stage I lung adenocarcinoma. In the multivariate survival analysis, tumor necrosis, angiolymphatic invasion, perineural invasion, and CHRNA1 expression were independent poor prognostic factors for both recurrence-free and overall survival (OS). Patients expressing CHRNA1 had worse median recurrence-free survival (60.6 vs. 77.9 months, P = 0.03) and OS (65.1 vs. 77.9 months, P = 0.04) compared with CHRNA1-negative patients.

Conclusions

CHRNA1 expression could be directly tested from the tumor after complete resection. In early stage NSCLC, it could be a useful prognostic factor for recurrence and survival.     

Severity of emphysema predicts location of lung cancer and 5-y survival of patients with stage I non–small cell lung cancer

Background

Non–small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) has a predilection to occur in emphysematous lungs. The relation between the regional severity of emphysema and the location of NSCLC as well as long-term survival has been poorly studied.

Methods

Computed tomography (CT) scans of 153 patients with biopsy-proven stage I NSCLC diagnosed between 2001 and 2006 were assigned an emphysema severity score in four regions of the lung. The location of the cancer was compared with the severity of emphysema in that region. Survival was also analyzed.

Results

Thirty-nine patients had no emphysema documented on CT scan and 114 did. The most common location of cancer was the right upper quadrant with 37% of cancers, followed by the left upper quadrant with 23% of cancers. Twenty-two percent of the cancers occurred in the right lower quadrant, and only 12% were in the left lower quadrant. There is a strong association for cancer being located in the area with the highest degree of emphysema (P < 0.001). Emphysema severity score was also associated with long-term survival (log-rank P = 0.03).

Conclusions

The regional severity of emphysema assessed via a visual scale using CT appears to be associated with the location of lung cancer and is an independent predictor of long-term survival.