X射线在诊断慢性胃扭转患者中的临床应用

目的：探讨X射线在诊断慢性胃扭转患者中的临床应用效果。方法：选取2020年7月～2021年7月于本院接受X线检查，且经胃肠钡剂造影检查确诊的慢性胃扭转患者共计30例。分析不同扭转类型的X线特点。结果：30例患者中的X线表现：共含完全性扭转患者28例，其中混合型2例、网膜轴型4例、器官轴型22例。结论：X线诊断能够有效辨别患者胃扭转的类型、程度及方向，为后续治疗提供清晰影像参考资料，临床应用价值高。     

浅谈贲门癌气钡双重对比造影时的X线表现

目的:回顾分析贲门癌在气钡双重对比造影时的X线表现,提高对贲门癌的X线诊断水平。方法:回顾分析了我院2014年1月-2015年12月52例经病理证实为贲门癌的病例,在我科进行的气钡双重对比造影时的X线表现。结果:表现为贲门区软组织块影29例;病变累及食管下端17例;胃底部变形和胃体上部浸润10例,贲门区溃疡6例。结论:贲门癌气钡双重对比造影的X线表现有其一定的特征性,检查时仔细观察分析多可以对贲门癌作出正确的X线诊断。     

胃肠超声造影在临床诊断的应用

目的探讨胃肠超声造影在诊断胃肠疾病方面的应用价值。方法 348例受检者空腹口服超声助显剂,使胃内形成中等回声界面,超声依次检查食道下段、贲门胃底、胃体(大弯及小弯侧)、胃角部胃窦部、幽门、十二指肠球部。结果超声造影可以清晰显示胃壁各层回声,胃的蠕动快慢、及胃内病变的部位、形态、大小、累及深度、腹腔大血管周围淋巴结等情况。结论口服助显剂胃肠超声造影检查方便、价廉、无创,是对胃镜和X线钡餐检查的有效补充方法,适合应用于对胃肠疾病的筛查。     

胃及十二指肠溃疡临床诊断及治疗研究进展

胃及十二指肠溃疡在临床上较为常见。胃溃疡临床症状不明显,容易导致临床诊断出现误诊情况,若是通过X线检查、内镜等方法无法进行确诊的情况下,可进一步实施病理检查;临床上较多药物用于治疗胃溃疡,在进行常规治疗的同时,配合中药治疗可以提高疗效。在诊断十二指肠溃疡时,一般可借助于核素标记C13呼气、尿素酶试验、胃镜检查、X线钡餐检查等进行诊断,患者由于不同的病因会出现不同的内镜检查、实验室检查以及临床症状。治疗时主要通过消除病因以及控制患者症状进行治疗,治疗药物常用的有黏膜保护剂、胃肠动力药和抑制胃酸分泌药,若患者病情较为严重,可实施手术或者根除幽门螺旋杆菌进行治疗。本文对胃及十二指肠溃疡临床诊断及治疗进展进行综述,以期为临床工作提供帮助。     

上消化道气钡双重造影对胃溃疡诊断的应用价值

纤维胃镜技术开展以前，X线钡餐是临床诊断胃溃疡的重要影像学方法。但是随着内镜技术的发展和应用，临床上对胃溃疡的诊断越来越倚重于胃镜，并且大有取代钡剂造影的趋势。本文对我院56例同时行上消化道气钡双重造影、纤维胃镜及手术病理检查结果进行比较分析，以探讨上消化道气钡双重造影对胃溃疡诊断的应用价值。     

早期胃癌的X线诊断

由于改进了X线双重造影检查技术,目前早期胃癌的诊断正确率已大为提高。一、早期胃癌的X线检查方法(一)常规检查:常规检查是X线检查的基础,其基本方法如下: 1.充盈法:口服钡剂250～300ml,使全胃充盈,其优点是能了解胃轮廓形态的变化,方法较简单。缺点是在各种体位检查时有盲区,细微病变无法观察。2.充盈加压法:常用于立位,按病变的大小形状给予适当的压力,依据不同     

胃底憩室X线表现(附12例分析)

目的；探讨胃底憩室的X线表现及鉴别诊断。方法：分析12例胃底憩室的X线表现，并进行动态观察及追踪检查。结果：此病76％发生于贲门下方，形态为圆形或类圆形，大小约2～3cm，边缘光滑，大憩室可见气、钡、液三层影像。结论：本病较少见。憩室内食物潴留等因素可影响诊断，低张胃造影及多轴位观察可提高本病的诊断准确性。     

X线气钡双重造影在食管胃肿瘤诊断中的价值

目的评价X线气钡双重造影在诊断上消化道肿瘤中的价值.方法以电子胃镜及病理确诊为对照,分析X线气钡双重造影误漏诊的规律及部位特点.结果27例胃癌和29例食管癌确诊前曾经接受X线气钡双重造影检查,6例胃窦癌(6/12)、2例胃底贲门癌(2/14)、3例食管癌(3/25)误诊为非肿瘤;拟诊的19例胃癌中,晚期进展期早期为5131,误漏诊的分别为251;拟诊的22例食管癌中,晚期进展期早期为3123,漏诊的分别为201,单纯胃镜检查的分别为5191;单纯胃镜检查的食管癌中,分别为6167;同期X线气钡双重造影检查出现2例食管癌假阳性.结论胃镜结合活组织病理检查,是诊断和鉴别胃和食管肿瘤的可靠手段;X线气钡双重造影检查的肿瘤假阴性较多,也有假阳性,没有确诊价值,也没有排除诊断的价值;胃窦部肿瘤最易误漏诊,其次是胃底贲门及食管.     

十二指肠腺癌的X线诊断价值

目的：探讨十二指肠腺癌的X线诊断价值,旨在提高对本病的早期X线诊断水平。方法：本组10例均行十二指肠低张气钡双重造影,同时均行十二指肠内窥镜检查。结果：8例手术切除,2例内窥镜活检证实。本组病例X线造影检查全部发现病变。结论：十二指肠低张气钡双重造影是发现和诊断十二指肠病变的首选方法。当X线征象不典型尤其早期病变,应结合内窥镜进行组织学诊断。     

胃X线钡餐造影分型与性别的相关性

目的探讨胃X线钡餐造影分型与性别的关系。方法回顾性分析2014年1月—2017年1月进行上消化道钡餐透视检查的患者600例,其中男360例、女240例。根据透视结果将胃分为四型:牛角型、钩型、无力型和瀑布型。不同性别胃的X线分型比较采用行×列χ~2检验。P0.05为差异有统计学意义。结果 600例上消化道造影患者中钩型胃311例(51.83%)、牛角型胃131例(21.83%)、无力型胃105例(17.5%)、瀑布型胃53例(8.83%)。男性患者中牛角型胃75例、钩型胃183例、无力型胃68例、瀑布型胃34例;女性患者中牛角型胃56例、钩型胃128例、无力型胃37例、瀑布型胃19例;两组之间差异无统计学意义(P0.05)。结论胃的X线分型与性别之间没有相关性。     

胃体上部溃疡胃镜及病理检查403例分析

目的:通过分析胃体上部溃疡的发病年龄、性别、溃疡部位、大小与溃疡良、恶性之间的关系,探讨胃体上部溃疡临床意义,提高诊断率.方法:对1993年1月～2002年12月经胃镜检查并经病理检查证实的403例胃体上部溃疡病例进行了总结.结果:胃体上部溃疡恶性多于良性,胃后壁较胃体上部其他部位更多见,男性多于女性,40岁以上增加,60岁以上好发.结论:胃镜检查应重视胃体上部溃疡,尤其是中老年人,应重点检查胃体上部,尤其是胃后壁、胃小弯.     

观察老年胃溃疡患者探究其临床主要表现以及胃镜检查的特征

目的:探究老年胃溃疡患者的临床主要表现,分析其胃镜检查特征。方法:选择2017年2月~2018年3月本院收治的85例老年胃溃疡患者(观察组),同期收治的85例非老年胃溃疡患者(对照组),均行胃镜检查,对比两组临床表现及胃镜特征。结果:观察组患者临床表现以不规律腹痛(57.65%)、腹胀(56.47%)、呕血(38.82%)、食欲下降(70.59%)为主,而且并发症发生率(69.41%)高,两组差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);分析胃镜检查结果,观察组溃疡多位于胃体或胃底(45.88%),复合溃疡较多,溃疡直径≥2.0cm(22.35%)的患者占比高于对照组,两组差异有统计学意义(P<0.05),在溃疡形状方面两组差异不显著(P>0.05)。结论:老年胃溃疡患者的临床表现与胃镜特征不同于其他患者,可为临床诊断及治疗提供依据。     

胃溃疡与胃黏膜血流量相关性研究

目的 探讨胃溃疡与胃粘膜血流量的相关性。方法 选取经临床胃镜证实为胃溃疡患者60例为观察组,同时选取60例正常体检者为对照组,经胃镜观察两组患者不同分期胃粘膜血流量（GMBF）值的变化,同时将观察组患者分为埃索美拉唑治疗组以及西比灵＋埃索美拉唑治疗组,观察两组患者治疗效果及临床复发率。结果 与对照组相比,观察组血流量显著下降,差异具有统计学意义（P〈0.05）,其中溃疡指数越大的患者血流量越小,与溃疡面积成正相关。西比灵＋埃索美拉唑组患者的总有效率高于对照组（P〈0.05）,复发率低于对照组（P〈0.05）。结论胃溃疡患者病理生理性的改变主要表现为胃粘膜血流量的减少,其病变的过程与溃疡出现、发展、复发具有密切的关系,对胃粘膜病变患者给予增加胃部血流的药物能有效降低患者复发率。     

胃石症及其并发溃疡的内镜特点与幽门螺杆菌的关系

目的：总结胃石症及其并发溃疡的内镜特点,探讨其形成与幽门螺杆菌（H.pylori）的关系。方法：选取2006年6月-2014年5月本院收集的62例胃镜诊断胃石症患者,对胃石症及其并发溃疡的内镜特点进行分析;行14C呼气试验测定H.pylori;按胃石症数目分为单发和多发（≥2枚）胃石两组,按胃石大小分为〈5 cm和≥5 cm两组,按胃石症有无并发溃疡分为两组,记录各组H.pylori感染例数,比较各组的H.pylori感染发生有无差异。结果：62例胃石症患者中,胃石位于胃底腔者33例（53.23%）,单发胃石者47例（75.81%）,最大直径约2.5~11.0 cm;无论H.pylori是否阳性,胃石症均以单发为主,小于5 cm者较多;胃石症患者H.pylori阳性率56.45%（35/62）;H.pylori阳性病例中多发胃石者百分比例（34.29%）较H.pylori阴性者（11.11%）高（P〈0.05）,胃石症大小分布与H.pylori感染关系无关（P〉0.05）。34例（54.84%）胃石症患者并发有溃疡,以胃溃疡为多见,部位以胃角和/或胃窦为主;有并发溃疡者H.pylori感染率（64.71%,22/34）较无并发溃疡者（46.43%,13/28）稍高,但差异无统计学意义（P〉0.05）。结论：胃石症以单发为主,小于5 cm者居多,常并发胃溃疡;H.pylori感染可能与胃石形成有关,而与并发症溃疡关系不大。     

老年消化性溃疡164例临床分析

目的探讨老年消化溃疡的临床特点,以指导治疗、预防并发症。方法对我院1993~2006年在我院住院的老年消化性溃疡164例,观察患者的主要症状、并发症,Hp感染的情况,溃疡发生的部位、大小和对常规治疗的反应,以分析其临床特点。结果老年消化性溃疡中规律性上腹痛27例,占16.5%。胃溃疡中在胃体、胃底和贲门26例,占35.6%。有呕血、黑便等上消化道出血115例,占70.1%。结论老年消化性溃疡腹痛症状不规律,合并消化道出血等并发症多见,临床应引起高度重视。     

Therapeutic effect of D-002 (abexol) on gastric ulcer induced experimentally in rats

D-002 is a mixture of higher aliphatic primary alcohols isolated from beeswax, wherein triacontanol is the most abundant alcohol, with antioxidant and anti-ulcer properties. Since compounds with cytoprotective and antioxidant effects can improve healing of gastroduodenal ulcer induced by noxious agents, this work investigated the healing effect of D- 002 on acute and chronic gastric ulcers induced with indomethacin and acetic acid, respectively, in rats. Acute gastric ulcer was induced with single oral doses of indomethacin (20 mg/kg). Treatments with D-002 at 50, 100, and 200 mg/kg or vehicle were administered 3 hours after ulcer induction. Three hours later, rats were sacrificed, and the stomach was removed for quantifying the lesions. Chronic gastric ulcer was induced by 50 microL of 80% acetic acid application on the anterior serosal surface of the glandular stomach during 20 seconds. Twenty-four hours later D-002 at 50, 100, and 200 mg/kg or vehicle was administered for 5 days. At the end of the treatment, animals were fasted for 24 hours and sacrificed, the stomachs were removed, and the lesions were quantified. D-002 orally administered at 100 and 200 mg/kg acutely significantly healed gastric ulcers induced with indomethacin by 39% and 56% compared with positive controls, respectively. Also, D-002 at 200 mg/kg, but not at 50 or 100 mg/kg, administered orally for 5 days after ulcer induction exerted a significant healing effect (65.8% inhibition) in gastric ulcers induced with acetic acid. In conclusion, this work demonstrated that D-002 administered after ulcer induction induced effective healing of acute and chronic gastric ulcers provoked by, respectively, indomethacin and acetic acid.     

The course of benign stomach ulcer; results of a follow-up study

A follow-up investigation was conducted in 112 patients in whom a benign gastric ulcer had been found endoscopically between 1978 and 1984. Nine patients had been operated upon, mainly in the earlier years. Out of 65 patients ultimately selected for the study 38 underwent gastroscopy and 35 could be evaluated. Of these 21 (60%) had complaints and another 60% used intermittent or continuous medication because of complaints referred to the stomach. In 15 patients erosions (4) or benign gastric ulcers (11) were found. In all patients in whom it was looked for Campylobacter pylori was found in the gastric mucosa. The benign gastric ulcer is a chronic, recurrent affection. We did not find a large proportion of asymptomatic recurrent ulcers. Many patients continue to use drugs. The complaints in patients with mucosal lesions are often atypical.     

98例胃溃疡患者临床及胃镜特点分析

目的探讨胃溃疡患者的临床及胃镜特点。方法收集2009年1月-2010年12月在本院进行检查并确诊为胃溃疡患者98例,根据年龄将其分为两组:中青年组60例,老年组38例。分析其临床及胃镜检查特点。结果老年组临床特点以不规律腹痛及腹胀为主,中青年患者以规律腹痛及返酸为主;老年患者胃溃疡主要位于胃底及胃体部,多部位溃疡的发生率亦高于中青年组,中青年组胃溃疡主要位于胃窦部;老年组宜并发穿孔、出血及幽门梗阻,而中青年组发生并发症的机率较小。结论老年及中青年患者胃溃疡的临床特点及胃镜表现不同,根据老年及中青年胃溃疡的临床及胃镜检查特点,指导临床胃溃疡的诊断及治疗。     

Validation of diagnoses of peptic ulcers and bleeding from administrative databases: a multi-health maintenance organization study

The automated health plan data and data from medical chart abstractions from eight large health maintenance organizations were used to evaluate the positive predictive values (PPVs) of the International Classification of Diseases, 9th revision (ICD-9) codes for cases of peptic ulcers and upper gastrointestinal bleeding. Overall, 207 of 884 cases of peptic ulcers and upper gastrointestinal bleeding (23%) were confirmed by surgery, endoscopy, X-ray, or autopsy. The PPVs were 66% for hospitalizations with codes for duodenal ulcer (ICD-9-CM 532), 61% for gastric/gastrojejunal ulcer (ICD-9-CM 531, 534), 1% for peptic ulcer (ICD-9-CM 533), and 9% for gastrointestinal hemorrhage (ICD-9-CM578). The overall and diagnostic category-specific PPVs were generally similar for the various HMOs. This study, using data from a large number of health plans located in different geographical regions, underscores the importance of evaluating the accuracy of the diagnoses from automated health plan databases.     

Effects of sea buckthorn procyanidins on healing of acetic acid-induced lesions in the rat stomach

The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of sea buckthorn procyanidins (SBPC) on healing of acetic acid-induced lesions in the rat stomach and its possible mechanism. The sea buckthorn procyanidins (SBPC) were extracted with 60% alcohol/H2O from sea buckthorn bark and purified by macropore adsorption resin column, with a purity of >96%. The chemical character of SBPC was analyzed by reverse phase high-performance liquid chromatography/mass spectrometry (HPLC/MS). Chronic gastric ulceration was induced by injecting acetic acid into the subserosa of stomach. Different concentrations of SBPC were orally administrated to gastric ulcers rats. After treatment 7d and 14d, rats were sacrificed respectively. The healing of the acetic acid induced ulcerations was measured by ulcer index (UI). The level of epidermal growth factor (EGF) in plasma was determined; the expression of epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) and proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA) around ulcer was detected by immunohistochemical method. SBPC was found to reduce the size of the ulcers at day 7 and 14 in a dose-dependent manner. Compared with the control, the UI of SBPC group was significantly lower (p< 0.01) and the level of EGF in the plasma of SBPC group increased significantly (p< 0.01), meanwhile the expression of EGFR and PCNA around ulcer in high-dose SBPC stomach were enhanced (p< 0.05). The results implied that SBPC plays an important role in healing of acetic acid-induced gastric lesions possibly by the acceleration of the mucosal repair.