德州市德国小蠊侵害状况及其控制对策

了解室内蜚蠊状况,探讨防制蜚蠊的方法,指导居民科学防制蜚蠊。方法:药激法调查蜚蠊种类密度及侵害率,采用药物喷洒和投放毒饵的方法控制蜚蠊。结果:本市蜚蠊侵害率为72.94%,平均密度11.4只/间,蜚蠊种类仅德国小蠊1种;采取药物喷洒与投放毒铒相结合的方法对蜚蠊取得较好的效果。结论:本市蜚蠊侵害严重,预防为主综合防治,德国小蠊侵害严重的场所采用药物喷洒与毒饵相结合是控制德国小蠊侵害的有效方法。     

佛山市高档宾馆德国小蠊侵害调查及防制

目的:了解高档宾馆德国小蠊侵害情况,探讨高效灭蟑药饵防制效果。方法:目测法、药激法调查侵害情况,粘蟑盒法测定密度,用高效灭蟑药饵涂抹法防制,按1-2g/m2用清水调成糊状后,点状涂抹于缝隙、抽屉、橱柜、货架、沙发、灶台下等蜚蠊栖息活动处。结果:5家宾馆均受到侵害,平均密度(只/盒·夜)为15.04。高效灭蟑药饵在施药1周后德国小蠊密度明显下降,下降率在95.09-98.07%之间,1个月后高达98.67-100%,3个月后下降率仍达96.84-98.36%。结论:高档宾馆受德国小蠊侵害严重,是今后灭蟑工作的重点,高效灭蟑毒饵防制德国小蠊效果显著,操作方便,适宜于大面积推广使用。     

银川市蟑螂侵害性的调查分析

目的为了解银川市蟑螂种类、侵害性和密度指数。方法采用询问法、药激法、粘捕法对银川市各区监测点进行蟑螂种群分布、侵害性和密度调查。结果（1）银川市蟑螂为德国小蠊、美洲大蠊、日本大蠊3种，以德国小蠊居多，美洲大蠊次之，日本大蠊最少。（2）采用粘捕法共调查房间4500间，阳性房间96间，侵害率2．13％，共捕获蟑螂758只，平均密度为0．17只／张，平均每阳性房间蟑螂密度为7．90只／张。结论银川市蟑螂侵害率、密度以兴庆区最高，金凤区和西夏区次之，永宁县、贺兰县、灵武市较低。侵害场所以居民住户侵害最高，小餐饮、宾馆饭店次之，企事业单位、食品加工厂、农贸市场较低。     

某校教师办公室内蜚蠊种类、密度和侵害状况调查

目的调查芜湖市某校教师办公室内蜚蠊侵害状况，为蜚蠊的有效防制提供科学依据。方法选择蜚镰栖息活动的场所，参照国家标准《病媒生物密度监测方法蜚蠊》规定的目测法和药激法进行调查。结果共捕获蜚蠊316只，分类鉴定为德国小蠊、美洲大蠊和黑胸大蠊，其中德国小蠊为优势种，占调查总数的71．84％。办公室内各栖息场所均有蜚蠊孳生繁衍，水槽中蜚蠊侵害最为普遍，侵害率为100．00％；柜橱内共检出蜚蠊206只，其中德国小蠊孳生最为严重。结论芜湖市某校教师办公室内蜚蠊侵害状况较为普遍，其中办公室水槽、缝隙和柜橱内蜚蠊侵害严重，蜚蠊防制工作十分紧迫。     

茂名市2009年度蟑螂密度监测及侵害现况的调查研究

目的了解茂名市区2009年蟑螂密度的季节性消长和侵害状况,为蟑螂防制提供科学依据。方法用蟑螂盒粘捕法进行调查监测。结果在各类环境中共捕获蟑螂379只,其中德国小蠊345只,美洲大蠊34只,平均侵害率为17.84%,密度为0.53只/盒。结论茂名市区蟑螂种群构成只有德国小蠊和美洲大蠊,其中以德国小蠊为主,构成比为91.03%;侵害环境类型以农贸市场和餐饮业为主。应进一步加强德国小蠊和美洲大蠊的防治效果研究,保障人们的健康。     

福建省沙县城区蟑螂种群分布及侵害情况调查

目的:通过不同行业、不同场所进行蟑螂的侵害现状调查,以了解该地区的蟑螂危害程度及种群变化、不同行业间密度指数关系。方法:在各调查点不同部位各放置一个蟑螂小屋,晚放晨收、连放两日。结果:沙县城区蟑螂侵害率达到45.8%,蟑螂种群构成发生了极大变化,德国小蠊已成为当地优势种群(构成比为83.34%)。在居民户的调查中未发现德国小蠊侵袭。农贸市场蟑螂的侵害情况相当严重。肉类及面食类摊点侵害达到100%,水产、蔬菜类摊点相对较低。     

苏州市高档宾馆蟑螂侵害情况调查

目的 :调查苏州市高档宾馆、饭店蟑螂侵害情况 ,及时制定防制对策。方法 :厨房间采用 ZA型蟑螂粘捕盒粘捕法 ;标准客房采用目测法检查。结果 :苏州市高档宾馆、饭店厨房操作间蟑螂平均密度为 0 .5 4只 /盒·夜 ,蟑螂种类主要有德国小蠊、黑胸大蠊和美洲大蠊三种 ,其中德国小蠊为优势种群。标准客房受蟑螂侵害较轻。结论 :宾馆、饭店的厨房操作间极易受蟑螂的侵害 ,是城市蟑螂防制工作的重点场所     

佛山市城区德国小蠊的调查及现场药物防治观察

本文报道佛山城区单位的德国小蠊侵害率为1.06％,房间的侵害率为0.225％,德国小蠊侵害的主要场所在大中型特殊行业单位。现场使用拜虫杀12.5mg ai/m~2及拜力坦500mgai/m~2防治德国小蠊,滞留喷洒24小时、1、3、5、7、9周后下降率分别为55.6％、90.6％、94.3％、93.0％、88.5％、80.6％和61.1％、95.4％、97.7％、99.2％、97.2％、88.9％,滞留效果达2个月以上。     

莆田荔城区蟑螂种群分布及侵害率调查

目的通过对不同场所、不同行业进行蟑螂侵害现状调查,以了解莆田市荔城区的蟑螂危害程度及种群变化、不同行业间密度指数关系、不同诱饵对侵害率调查的影响。方法在各调查点不同部位各放置1～2个蟑螂小屋,晚放晨收、连放2d。在相同调查点布放不同诱饵蟑螂小屋。观察其捕获率。结果莆田市荔城区蟑螂侵害率达48.9%,蟑螂种群构成发生了极大变化,德国小蠊为当地优势种群,占96.5%。饮食行业和农贸市场蟑螂的侵害情况严重,侵害率分别为86.7%和76.7%。农贸市场中肉摊及面食摊侵害达到100.0%、水产摊、蔬菜摊略低、用配置诱饵对蟑螂的捕获率比用面包捕获率高。结论德国小蠊为当地优势种群,对重点部位应加大药物剂量,以达到有效控制的目的 。     

信阳市蟑螂密度监测及侵害现况的调查研究

目的了解信阳市蟑螂种类、密度、季节消长情况,为信阳市消灭蟑螂提供科学依据。方法用粘捕法进行调查。结果在各类环境中共捕获蟑螂1 328只,其中德国小蠊1 193只,美洲大蠊135只,平均侵害率为7.36%,密度为0.65只/张。结论德国小蠊为优势种群,活动高峰在夏秋季,宾馆和餐饮单位密度较高,应加强蟑螂监测和防制工作。     

Value of D-Dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection

Objective: To evaluatel the value of D-dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection (AAD). Methods: This study consisted of 16 patients with AAD and 27 non-AAD patients. Serum D-dimets were measured by Sta-Liatest D-DI immunoturbidimetric assay. Results: D-dimer level was higher (P ＜ 0.001) in patients with AAD(7.91 ± 5.52 μg/ml) than that in non- AAD group(1.57±1.24 μg/ml). D-dimer was positive (＞0.4 μg/ml) in all patients with AAD and in 10 control group patients (37%). Among patients with acute AAD, D-dimers tended to be higher in Stanford A than in Stanford B (8.67 ± 4.31 μg/ml vs. 3.24±1.27 μg/ml, P ＜0.01). D-dimer values tended to be higher in more extended disease(3.84 ± 1.65 μg/ml, 8.57 ± 3.58 μg/ml and 11.87 ± 5.69 μg/ml in thoracic aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta and iliacal arteries, respectively, P ＜ 0.05 for both 8.57 ± 3.58 and 11.87 ± 5.69 vs. 3.84 ± 1.65 ). Including the control group into the analysis, we found a sensitivity of 100%, a negative predictive value of 100%, and a specificity of 66% and a positive predictive value of 64% for D-dimer in diagnosis of AAD in our patients with suspected AAD. Conclusion: D-dimer was elevated in patients with AAD. A negative D-dimer test result could be useful in excluding AAD.     

Research of combined liver-kidney transplantation model in rats

Objective： To set up a simple and reliable rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation. Methods： SD rats served as both donors and recipients. 4℃ sodium lactate Ringer＇s was infused from portal veins to donated livers,and from abdominal aorta to donated kidneys, respectively. Anastomosis of the portal vein and the inferior vena cava （IVC） inferior to the right kidney between the graft and the recipient was performed by a double cuff method, then the superior hepatic vena cava with suture. A patch of donated renal artery was anastomosed to the recipient abdominal aorta. The urethra and bile duct were reconstructed with a simple inside bracket. Results： Among 65 cases of combined liver-kidney transplantation, the success rate in the late 40 cases was 77.5%. The function of the grafted liver and kidney remained normal. Conclusion： This rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation can be established in common laboratory conditions with high success rate and meet the needs of renal transplantation experiment.     

BLOOD PRESSURE CHANGE WITH AGE IN SALT-SENSITIVE TEENAGERS

Objective To observe blood pressure change with age in salt-sensitive teenagers whose salt sensitivity were determined by repeated testing.Methods Salt sensitivity was determined through intravenous infusion of normal saline combined with volume-depletion by oral diuretic furosemide in 55 teenagers. After five years, salt sensitivity was re-examined and subject blood pressure was followed up. Blood pressure changes in salt-sensitive teenagers were compared to that of non-salt sensitive teenagers over five years.Results After 5 years, the repetition rate of salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading is 92.7%. In teenagers with salt sensitivity on the baseline, both the systolic blood pressure increments and increment rates were much higher than non-salt sensitive teenagers (12.7±12.1 mmHg vs. 2.8±5.2 mmHg, P＜ 0.01; 12.2%± 12.0% vs. 2.5% ±4.4%, P＜ 0.001,respectively). There was a similar trend for diastolic blood pressure (8.4 ± 6.4 mmHg vs. 3.7 ± 6.4 mmHg, P = 0.052; 13.2% ±10.6 % vs. 6.8%± 10.1%, P = 0.053, respectively).Conclusions Salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading showed good reproducibility. Blood pressure increments with age were much higher in salt-sensitive teenagers than non-salt sensitive teenagers, especially in terms of systolic blood pressure.     

安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术后生活质量影响的研究

目的：评价使用安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术（PPCI）术后生活质量的影响.方法：将160例接受PPCI的急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者随机分为安心颗粒组（术前顿服安心颗粒8.8g,术后安心颗粒4.4 g/次,每日2次）和对照组（仅接受基础药物治疗）.所有患者均服用阿司匹林、氯吡格雷和阿托伐他汀.分别在入院时、出院前1d、出院后180 d时,应用心肌梗死多维度量表（MIDAS）、中文版SF-36评价量表对患者生活质量评分.并观察术后30 d以内的出血并发症、血小板减少症发生情况.结果：入院时和出院前1d,两组患者的心肌梗死MIDAS、SF-36量表评分比较无差异（P＞0.05）;出院后180 d时,与对照组比较,安心颗粒组MIDAS、SF-36评分明显减低（P＜0.05）;组内与入院时比较,两组出院前1d、出院后180 d时,MIDAS、SF-36评分均降低（P＜0.05）.两组患者在随访期间均无大量出血、少量出血、重度和极重度血小板减少症发生,安心颗粒组有4例、对照组有7例发生不明显出血（P＞0.05）.两组发生轻度血小板减少症的患者数比较无差异（P＞0.05）.结论：PPCI使用安心颗粒,能改善急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者的生活质量,且不增加出血风险.     

The comparative studies of the influences of Urapidil and Nicardipine on sino-atrial node function, atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics

Objective:To investigate the influences of urapidil and nicardipine on rabbit sinus function,atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics.Methods:Thirty-two Angora's rabbits were selected and randomly divided into four groups.U1 group:urapidil 0.25 mg/kg;U2 group:urapidil 0.5 mg/kg;N1 group:nicardipine 10 μg/kg;N2 group:nicardipine 20 μg/kg.All these medicine were administrated within 30 seconds.Measurements were taken before and after the administration of urapidil or nicardipine for the following data:mean blood pressure(MAP),heart rate(HR),sino-atrial conduction time(SACT),maximal sinoatrial recovery time(SNRTmax)corrected sinus node recovery time(CSNRT),index of sinus node recovery time(SNRTI),Wenckebach A-V conduction frequency (WB),and P-R interval.Results:Significant MAP and HR changes were identified in all of the four groups before and after administration of both urapidil and nicardipine.No significant changes could be found in the rest of the parameters.Intergroup analysis showed that SACT and CSNRT of N1 and N2 groups were shorter than those of the U2 group(P＜0.01);the MAP decreased(P＜0.01)and the HR increased drastically(P＜0.01).Conclusions:Neither urapidil(0.25 mg/kg,0.5 mg/kg)nor nicardipine(10μg/kg,20μg/kg)has any significant influence on rabbit sinus function or rabbit atrio-ventricular node function.Nicardipine could be a better choice than urapidil for parafunctional sinus node patients.     

Expression of OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the patients of hip fracture due to osteoporosis

Objective：To investigate the gene expression of osteoprotegerin（OPG） and osteoclast differentiation factor（ODF） in the bone tissue of patients with hip fracture due to osteoporosis. Methods：OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the bone tissue in 50 cases of osteoporosis sufferers（over 50 years old） with hip fracture（Observer Group） and 30 cases of hip facture sufferers with no osteoporosis（Control group） were analyzed with the Semi-Quantitative RT-PCR method. Results：The mRNA expressed of ODF, OPG were both high in the patients with hip fracture. In the control group, the expression of OPG mRNA was observed, while the expression of ODF mRNA was very slight. Conclusion：Aged patients contained all signals including OPG, ODF that are essential for inducing osteoclastogenesis and promoting bone resorption.     

Dynamic Changes in Serum Estradiol and Progesterone levels in Patients of Premenstrual Syndrome with Adverse Flow of Liver-qi

Objective:To probe into the influence of changes of ovarian hormones on the pathogenesis of the specific sub-type premenstrual syndrome(PMS)and reveal partial microcosmic mechanisms of adverse flow of liver-qi.Methods:Estradiol(E2)and progesterone(P)levels in serum were determined at different phases of menstrual cycle by radioimmunoassay.Results:In the group of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.the secretive peak value Of E2 and P at the follicular phase significantly decreased,and the secretive peak value at the luteal phase did not come into being.Conclusions:Low E2 and P secretive peak at the follicular phase and absence of secretive peak at the luteal phase is one of the microcosmic mechanisms of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.One of the pathophysiologic mechanisms of specific sub-type PMS is probably the continuous low level of E2and P.     

Real-time Three-dimensional Echocardiography in Assessment of Left Ventricular and Right Ventricular Volumes

Real-time three-dimensional echocardiography (RT3DE)is a new ultrasound technique that enables dynamic threedimensional visualization and quantification of the heart in real time. Investigation of feasibility and methodology of RT3DE in determining left ventricular (LV) and right ventricular (RV) volumes, RT3DE was performed in 35 normal adults using Philips SONOS 7500 system with a 2-4 MHz matrix array transducer. The 60°×60° "pyramid" volume database was obtained and analyzed on a TomTec echo workstation. Both LV and RV volumes were calculated with four 3DE methods (i.e. apical 2, 4, 8, and 16-plane) through manually tracing ventricular endocardial borders in end diastole and end systole. Stroke volumes were then calculated. LV volume was also measured by 2DE Simpson's rule using GE VIVID 7 ultrasound machine.     

SCREENING FOR A 21-CHROMOSOME ABNORMALITY IN PREIMPLANTED EMBRYOS OF ELDERLY WOMEN

Increasing maternal age is the only etiological factor unequivocally linked to Down's syndrome in humans. The occurrence rate of newborns with Down's syndrome is about 1/220 in women over 35 years old. However, the occurrence rate in embryos fertilized in vitro, of the elder woman is unclear. Using FISH we screened the number of chromosome 21 in preimplanted embryos of 5 elderly women (average age, 38.4 years) to study the feasibility and necessity of screening trisomy 21 in embryos in patients over 35 years old at the in vitro fertilization (IVF) center.     

Scientific principles and rigorous processes should be followed in developing clinical guidelines for therapeutic interventions of integrative medicine

A clinical guideline for the therapeutic interventions of integrative medicine may be defined as a written document which states a series of recommendations on therapeutic interventions of integrative medicine for a special disease or condition. The guideline may provide assistance to medical professionals in making clinical decisions aimed at improving the clinical outcome of patients and reducing the costs of medical care（~＇4~. Recommendations issued by a guideline should be based on the best available evidence in both Western and Chinese medicine. For fulfilling this purpose, the development of clinical guidelines for therapeutic interventions in the field of integrative medicine should follow scientific principles and undergo a rigorous processes.