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陶长生 《实用临床医药杂志》2002,6(6):602-602
早期复极综合症 (earlyrepolarizationsyndrome)是一种比较常见的心电图变异 ,大多数学者认为它属于正常变异 ,常见于健康人群 (约 1%~ 2 5 % ) ,本身虽无临床意义 ,但在心电图上有时被误诊为急性心包炎、心外膜下心肌损伤及高血钾[1,2 ] 。尤其是早期复极综合征与急性心包炎在心电图上均可表现为多数导联ST段轻度抬高 ,且ST段抬高的形态亦可表现为凹面向上 ,故两者更易混淆 ,因此其鉴别诊断非常重要。本文旨在探讨早期复极综合征与急性心包炎的有关心电图鉴别诊断。1 资料与方法收集 1999~ 2 0 0 1年门… 相似文献
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早期复极综合征的心电图改变及鉴别诊断分析 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
目的分析早期复极综合征(ERS)的心电图改变特点。探讨其临床意义及与病理性ST—T改变的鉴别。方法对47例早期复极综合征的心电图及临床资料进行分析。结果早期复极综合征以男性多见(82.97%)。ST抬高及高耸T波改变以V3—V5导联最为明显(87.23%),大多伴J波(89.36%),ST—T改变较恒定,运动试验可使ST段暂时回落基线。结论早期复极综合征是一种正常变异的心电图改变,临床无需治疗。因其表现ST段抬高易与病理性ST—T改变混淆,需结合临床病史,心电图动态观察及血清酶学改变等与超急期心肌梗死,变异型心绞痛,心包炎等病理性改变心电图鉴别。 相似文献
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目的探讨早期复极综合征(early repolarization syndrome,ERS)的临床特点并进行误诊分析,以提高鉴别诊断水平。方法对55例ERS伴胸痛患者的临床资料进行回顾性分析。结果 本组55例均合并胸痛,伴胸闷18例,心悸12例,上腹痛8例。本组36例(65.5%)以心脏急症收入院,其中32例误诊为急性冠状动脉综合征(ACS),4例误诊为急性心包炎;余19例分别考虑为室壁瘤9例,心肌炎6例,肺栓塞2例,主动脉夹层、高钾血症各1例。经完善心电图、冠状动脉造影、平板运动试验等检查明确诊断为ERS,予积极治疗后患者胸痛症状均缓解,无猝死及并发症发生。结论 ERS易误诊为急性冠状动脉综合征、室壁瘤等,临床应加以鉴别,以防误诊。 相似文献
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目的:探讨心电图P-R段偏移对急性心包炎的早期诊断价值及V6导联ST/T〉0.25对急性心包炎与早期复极综合征的鉴别诊断价值。方法:选择25例急性心包炎患者为观察组,70例早期复极综合征为对照组,分别测量每组的心电图P-R段是否偏移及V6导联ST/T比值以0.25为诊断界点。结果:急性心包炎组心电图在早期多表现有P-R段偏移,而早期复极综合征无该表现;急性心包炎组心电图V6导联ST/T〉0.25与早期复极综合征有统计学差异。结论:急性心包炎组心电图有P-R段偏移的具有早期诊断价值;V6导联ST/T〉0.25具有急性心包炎与早期复极综合征的鉴别诊断价值。 相似文献
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早期复极综合征研究进展 总被引:8,自引:0,他引:8
早期复极综合征首先由Shiplay等于1936年首次报道,认为系正常变异的心电图,并非器质性心脏病的表现,在临床上,由于其心电图表现与某些器质性心脏病相类似,极易引起误诊,经常将此综合征诊为急性心肌梗死而住院治疗,甚至有报道因伴有胸痛而开胸探查者。为提醒临床医生对此综合征有进一步的认识,避免误诊,本文重点对其心电图表现及鉴别诊断加以综述。 1 心电图表现 典型早期复极综合征的表现有:①R波降支与ST段连接部分出现J点,J点抬高1~4mm。②ST 相似文献
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对过早复极综合征的认识与鉴别 总被引:1,自引:1,他引:1
早期复极综合征 (Premature Repolarization Syndrome,PRS)是正常心电图变异 ,临床上易误诊为器质性心脏病 ,近年来虽然对 PRS误诊的报导较多 ,但仍有不少临床医生尚未引起足够的认识 ,以致于造成这个本无害的综合征同一些严重心脏病之间在诊断和治疗上的混淆 ,带来不良后果 ,本文仅从诊断及鉴别诊断方面讨论 ,以减少误诊误治的发生。1 PRS的心电图诊断PRS的心电图诊断条件是 :1ST段成凹面向上型抬高 ,以V2~ 6 导联常见 ,V3,4导联显著 ,抬高振幅 0 .1~ 0 .6 mv, 、 、av F可同时出现 ,对应导联无 ST段降低 ;2 R波降枝粗钝 ;3… 相似文献
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目的:旨在探讨B超对具不典型症状的急性阑尾炎的早期诊断价值。方法:在右腹部进行多切面扫查,局部加压,寻找病变阑尾并观察周围组织记录声像特征。结果:病变阑尾管理壁之各层结构声像特征为:阑尾管腔内径扩大,管壁增厚。经与手术结果对照发现:管壁增厚在急性单纯性阑尾炎中以粘膜层增厚为主;化脓性阑尾炎中以浆膜层为主;坏疽性阑尾炎表现为全层不规则增厚。结论:超声检查可显示阑尾炎的直接征象,不同类型的阑尾超声声像图变化反应了阑尾炎的病理改变。当临床高度怀疑急性阑尾炎,而正常部位扫查不能显示时,应根据解剖特点,遵循阑尾炎的病理发展过程进行细致观察,是早期诊断与鉴别诊断的关键。 相似文献
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目的 探讨苍白球T1值测量在新生儿急性胆红素脑病(acute bilirubin encephalopathy, ABE)诊断中的价值。方法 对10例ABE及11例高胆红素血症(高胆组)足月新生儿和13例正常新生儿(对照组)行常规T1WI和T1 Mapping 成像。T1 Mapping成像采用6个不同反转时间的IR-FSE序列,取其平均值得到量化的T1 Map,选取双侧苍白球为感兴趣区,测量其T1值。采用方差分析比较ABE组、高胆组和对照组间苍白球T1值的差异,ABE组苍白球T1值与血清间接胆红素的峰值进行Pearson相关性分析。生后6个月时使用首都儿科研究所编制《0-6岁小儿神经心理发育检查表》对患儿发育情况进行评估。 结果 常规T1WI显示,ABE组中10例双侧苍白球表现为对称性高信号,高胆组7例表现为高信号,4例为等信号,对照组13例均为等信号。ABE组、高胆组、对照组苍白球T1值分别为 (652.40±16.25)ms, (676.45±17.21)ms, (684.08±10.20)ms。三组受试者苍白球T1值行单因素方差分析,其组间F值为27.97,P<0.01,进一步两两比较,对照组与高胆组间P=0.08>0.05,对照组与ABE组间P<0.01,高胆组与ABE组间P<0.01,因此ABE组苍白球T1值与对照组、高胆组间差异有统计学意义,而高胆组与对照组间差异无统计学意义。ABE组苍白球T1值与血清间接胆红素峰值间相关系数r=-0.28,P=0.23>0.05,差异无统计学意义。ABE组患儿经过换血疗法等积极治疗,生后6个月复查时均无明显神经心理发育障碍。 结论 苍白球T1值测量能够提供量化的客观依据,结合患儿临床情况能够为新生儿急性胆红素脑病的早期诊断提供帮助。 相似文献
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目的 应用蛋白质谱技术对早期急性冠脉综合征患者的血清进行检测,从中筛选出特异性和敏感性均高的早期急性冠脉综合征特别是不稳定心绞痛的差异蛋白,为早期诊断不稳定心绞痛提供特异性诊断方法.方法 选择发病4h内急性冠脉综合征患者血清标本31份,其中不稳定心绞痛12例,非ST段抬高急性心肌梗死5例,ST段抬高急性心肌梗死14例;对照组30例来自体检患者,性别、年龄、高血压、冠心病等病史与实验组相匹配.磁珠分离血清蛋白,飞行时间质谱分析仪收集蛋白质荷比为0 ~50 000的数据进行分析;将筛选出的差异显著的蛋白与目前常用的心肌损伤、心肌缺血和炎症反应标志物进行特异性和敏感性对比.结果 (1)发现3个差异极为显著的蛋白,质荷比分别为3167、4183、4292,ACS组和对照组的蛋白质表达量分别为(8.2612±2.94)vs.(2.1430±1.45),P=2×10-10; (19.6203±16.14) vs.(2.8844±2.26),P=4×l0-10; (13.5229±10.36)vs.(1.8642±1.07),P=0.(2)3个差异蛋白与心脏型脂肪酸结合蛋白、髓过氧化物酶进行特异性与敏感性对比研究,无论是诊断急性冠脉综合征,还是分别诊断不稳定心绞痛和急性心肌梗死,3个差异蛋白ROC曲线下面积均为最大,分别为0.976 ~0.989、0.967 ~0.988、0.992 ~1.0,而高敏C反应蛋白及缺血修饰白蛋白经t检验在ACS组与对照组之间差异无统计学意义(P>0.05).结论 3个差异蛋白有可能是新的早期急性冠脉综合征特别是不稳定心绞痛的生物标记物. 相似文献
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Kesek M Bjorklund E Jernberg T Lindahl B Xue J Englund A 《Clinical physiology and functional imaging》2006,26(6):362-370
The non-dipolar content of the T-wave, i.e. the component of the signal, which cannot be explained by a dipolar model, has been suggested as a measure of the local repolarization inhomogeneity. Our purpose was to study the non-dipolar content of the T-wave during the initial course of ST-elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI), when local repolarization inhomogeneity presumably is markedly increased. Twelve-lead ECG was semicontinuously collected in 211 patients with STEMI, treated with a thrombolytic agent. The T-wave was processed by principal component analysis. The absolute and relative T-wave residues were used as measures of the non-dipolar content. The median values for each hour and for the entire monitoring time were computed. Changes in the parameters were closer studied in two windows, 0-10 respectively, 11-24 h after start of ECG-monitoring. The median of the absolute T-wave residue during the entire monitoring period was 25 000 units in the STEMI-group and 13 500 units in the comparison group. The median for hour 1 was 36 500 units and 28 800 units for hour 2. The decrease was greater in patients with >or=50% resolution of the ST-elevation at 60 min. The moment of change, identified by cumulative sum-method, showed no correlation to the time for 50% ST-resolution. We conclude, that patients with thrombolysed STEMI have an increased non-dipolar content of the T-wave. Resolution of the ST-elevation is associated with a decrease. The increased non-dipolar content reflects a property of the repolarization phase, which is related to but separated from the ST-elevation. 相似文献
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ObjectivesThe aim of the study was to assess the diagnostic performance and clinical utility of the neutrophil to lymphocyte ratio (NLR) in patients with suspected aortic dissection (AD) and investigate its role in predicting in-hospital mortality in AD.MethodsNLR values were calculated and compared in 467 consecutive patients with initially suspected AD. A receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis with the area under the curve (AUC) was used to evaluate the discriminative accuracy and predictive capability of the NLR for AD. Clinical utility was determined by decision curve analysis (DCA). The association between NLR and in-hospital mortality was investigated by logistic regression analyses in patients diagnosed with AD.ResultsThe NLR was significantly elevated in patients with AD, and the optimal cut-off point for the NLR to distinguish AD from other acute chest pain diseases was 5.67 [AUC (95% CI): 0.877 (0.844–0.905)]. We recommended an NLR of 2.43 as the appropriate cut-off point with 96.9% sensitivity and a negative likelihood ratio (LR) of 0.09 to satisfy clinical requirements for diagnosis. DCA showed that the use of NLR had a positive net benefit. The deceased patients with AD had a higher NLR than the discharged patients. Moreover, the NLR was an independent predictor of in-hospital mortality for AD [adjusted odds ratio (OR): 1.084 (1.029–1.142)], and patients with higher NLR values tended to have a higher risk of in-hospital mortality. The optimal cut-off point for the NLR to predict in-hospital mortality was 9.20 [AUC (95% CI): 0.695 (0.619–0.765)].ConclusionsAs an easily available and inexpensive parameter, the NLR could serve as a valuable clinical biomarker for early differential diagnosis and prognosis assessment of AD. 相似文献
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目的:探讨心脏型脂肪酸结合蛋白(H-FABP)和缺血修饰白蛋白(IMA)在急性冠脉综合征(ACS)早期诊断中的价值。方法:选择114例疑似急性冠脉综合征的胸痛患者,对所有患者进行H-FABP、IMA和cTnI检测,以阴阳性为判断标准,用SPSS18.0统计学软件进行卡方检验分析。结果:H-FABP、IMA和cTnI对于ACS的敏感度分别为82.61%、79.71%和72.46%,特异度分别为:95.56%,68.89%和77.78%。胸痛发作0~6h 时间段内H-FABP和IMA诊断ACS的敏感度分别为:87.80%,85.37%,均优于cTnI(P<0.05)。结论:在ACS的早期诊断中,H-FABP、IMA检测比cTnI具有更高的敏感度和良好的特异度,更适合于ACS的早期诊断。 相似文献
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目的 探讨缺血修饰白蛋白(IMA)对急性心肌梗死(AMI)的早期诊断价值.方法 103例胸痛发作患者分别于入院即刻及4、6、12、24h连续监测IMA、肌钙蛋白I(cTnI)、肌酸激酶同工酶MB(CK-MB)三项指标,观察其变化规律,同时选择30例健康对照进行检测.结果 23例患者最终诊断为AMI;入院即刻IMA、CK-MB、cTnI检测的敏感性、特异性分别为IMA 89.3%、91.3%,CK-MB 48.4%、92.3%,cTnI 30.6%、93.7%;入院6h内,IMA、CK-MB、cTnI的敏感性分别为91.3%、34.8%、52.2%,联合检测敏感性为100.0%,三者比较差异有统计学意义(x2=15.99,P<0.01).结论 IMA对AMI的早期诊断有较高的价值,IMA联合cTnI、CK-MB检测诊断AMI,其敏感性明显优于单项检测,具有重要的临床应用价值. 相似文献
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Metin Çağdaş Süleyman Karakoyun İbrahim Rencüzoğulları Yavuz Karabağ İnanç Artaç Doğan İliş Şerif Hamideyin Sibel Karayol Handan Çiftçi Tufan Çınar 《The American journal of emergency medicine》2018,36(12):2197-2202
Background
This study aimed to investigate the diagnostic value of QRS and S wave variation in patients admitted to the emergency department with suspicion of acute pulmonary embolism (APE).Method
Computerized tomographic pulmonary angiography (CTPA) was performed in 118 consecutive patients to evaluate patients with suspected APE, and 106 subjects with appropriate electrocardiogram and CT images constituted the study population.Results
Using CTPA, APE was diagnosed in 48.1% (n:51) of the study population. The comparison of patients with APE and those without APE revealed that increased heart rate, right axis deviation of QRS axis, complete or incomplete right bundle branch block, prominent S wave in lead D1, increased QRS duration, percentage of QRS (9,8[4,8–19,0] vs 3,8[2,7–71]; p < 0,001), S wave variation (22,3[9,6–31,9] vs 4,8 [[2], [3], [4], [5], [6], [7], [8]]; p < 0,001) and ΔS wave amplitude (1.1[0.5–1.5] vs 0.2[0.1–0.5]; p < 0.001) were significantly associated with APE, but no relationship was detected with respect to the presence of atrial arrhythmias, clockwise rotation of the horizontal axis, fragmentation, ST segment deviation, T wave inversion, and S1Q3T3 and S1S2S3 patterns. The percentage of S wave variation (OR: 1072 per 1% increase, 95% CI:1011–1137) was found to be an independent predictor of APE. ΔS wave amplitude>0.5 mm predicted APE with a sensitivity of 72.6% and a specificity of 74.6% (AUC:0.805, 95% CI: 0.717–0.876; p < 0.001).Conclusion
The present study demonstrated that QRS and S wave variation could be useful electrocardiographic signs for the diagnosis of APE. 相似文献19.
磁共振DWI在高血压脑病及急性期脑梗死中的鉴别诊断价值 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
目的探讨3.0T磁共振(Magnetic Resonance Imaging,MRI)弥散加权成像DWI(Diffusion Weighted Imaging)对高血压脑病(Hypertensive Encephalopathy)及急性期脑梗死的鉴别诊断价值。方法回顾性分析高血压脑病(HE)及急性期脑梗死各15例患者的常规MRI平扫及DWI图像,分别测量HE患者病灶区和急性期脑梗死患者病灶区的ADC值及ADC值变化范围,并进行统计学分析。结果 (1)15例HE和15例急性脑梗死患者的MRI平扫图像均可见长T1长T2信号,其中15例HE病灶区DWI呈低或等信号,少部分不典型呈高信号,ADC呈高信号;15例急性期脑梗死病灶区DWI全部为高信号,ADC呈低信号。(2)HE病灶的ADC值为(1.418±0.17)×10^-3 mm^2/s,明显高于急性期脑梗死病灶的ADC值(0.448±0.11)×10^-3 mm^2/s,差异具有统计学意义(P〈0.05)。结论常规MRI扫描无法区分高血压脑病及急性期脑梗死,而磁共振弥散加权成像作为一种简便易行的诊断方法,其DWI图像及ADC值测量在两者的鉴别诊断中有一定临床价值。 相似文献
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尿淀粉酶/尿肌酐及尿胰蛋白酶原-2诊断急性胰腺炎的评价 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
目的探讨尿淀粉酶/尿肌酐(Uamy/Ucr)及尿胰蛋白酶原2测定对急性胰腺炎的临床诊断价值。方法对79例急性胰腺炎患者、48例非胰腺炎急腹症患者和50例健康对照组人员进行血清淀粉酶(Samy)、尿淀粉酶(Uamy)、尿肌酐(Ucr)及尿胰蛋白酶原2测定。结果急性胰腺炎尿胰蛋白酶原2的诊断特异性最高,其特异性和敏感性分别为97.92%和91.14%,其次Uamy/Ucr特异性为91.67%,敏感性为92.41%(临界值为75U/mmol),而临床常用的诊断指标Samy、Uamy的特异性和敏感性均低于前两者。结论尿淀粉酶/尿肌酐比值及尿胰蛋白酶原2检测是较好的早期诊断急性胰腺炎的指标。 相似文献