Antioxidative effects of tetramethylpyrazine on acute ethanol-induced lipid peroxidation

Acute p.o. administration of 99.5% ethanol (0.1 ml) to fasted mice produced heart toxicity. Pretreatment with p.o. administration of tetramethylpyrazine (TMP) could prevent such toxicity effectively and dose-dependently. The maximal antioxidative effect against 99.5% ethanol-induced heart toxicity could be observed at 1 hour after TMP administration. In order to further investigate the heart protective mechanism of TMP, both lipid peroxidation level in vivo and superoxide scavenging activity were conducted. TMP exhibited a dose-dependently anti-lipid peroxidation effect in mice heart homogenate, and results indicated that 99.5% ethanol-induced intoxicated mice hearts have higher malonic dialdehyde (MDA) levels compared with those in TMP administrated mice hearts. These results suggest that the potentially heart protective mechanism of TMP could be contributed, at least in part, to its prominent anti-lipid peroxidation and anti-free radical formation effects, hence it could protect the heart from lipid peroxidation-induced heart toxicity.     

Analgesic and anti-inflammatory effects of the flower of Althaea rosea (L.) Cav

The ethanolic extract of the flower of Althaea rosea inhibits significantly the acetic acid-induced twisting of mice and the heat induced (tail) flicking of rats, the acetic acid-induced increase in permeability of abdominal bloud capillaries, the edema of the rat paw induced by carrageenin or dextran, and the release of PGE from inflammatory tissue.     

洋金花与凌霄花的鉴别

本文主要从洋金花和凌霄花的用法和外观进行鉴别,此举对医院药剂使用具有重要的借鉴作用。     

中药凌霄花现代研究与分析

目的：分析中药凌霄花现代研究及存在问题,探讨其应用前景。方法：通过文献研究,综合凌霄花已有现代研究,归纳其研究特点及存在问题;结合已开展的研究,展望其未来研究重点。结果：凌霄花主要含三萜类、黄酮类、苯丙醇苷类、环烯醚萜苷类、挥发油等,有改善血液循环、舒张动脉、抑制血栓形成、抗氧化、抗炎等作用,临床用于治疗妇科疾病,但单味用药较少。结论：凌霄花有作为脑血管用药的前景。     

Antinociceptive, anti-inflammatory and acute toxicity effects of Zataria multiflora Boiss extracts in mice and rats

Antinociceptive, anti-inflammatory and acute toxicity of the aqueous infusion and ethanolic maceration extracts of the aerial parts of Zataria multiflora Boiss were studied in mice and rats. Antinociceptive activity was done using hot-plate and writhing tests. The effect of the extracts against acute inflammation was studied by vascular permeability increased by acetic acid and xylene induced ear edema in mice. The activity of the extracts against chronic inflammation was assessed by the cotton pellet test in rats. LD50 of the infusion and maceration extract was 3.85 and 3.47 g/kg, respectively. Intraperitoneal injection of both extracts in mice showed significant and dose-dependent antinociceptive activity. Naloxone, an opioid antagonist, pretreatment inhibited the antinociceptive activity of the extracts. The extracts exhibited antinociceptive activity against acetic acid induced writhing which was partially blocked by naloxone. Both extracts did not show remarkable activity against acute inflammation induced by acetic acid in mice. In the xylene ear edema, Z. multiflora Boiss extracts showed significant activity in mice. In the chronic inflammation the efficacy of the extracts was more than in acute inflammation. It is concluded that aqueous infusion and maceration of the aerial parts of Z. multiflora Boiss have antinociceptive effect and this may be mediated by opioid receptors. The extracts showed also anti-inflammatory effect against acute and chronic inflammation.     

铁苋菜对溃疡性结肠炎模型大鼠抗氧化和抗NO自由基作用

目的:考察铁苋菜的抗氧化及抗NO作用,对铁苋菜治疗UC模型机制进行初步探讨。方法:生化方法测定模型对照组、SPSA阳性对照药组、铁苋菜给药高、中、低剂量组大鼠肠组织中SOD、MDA、GSH-Px以及NO、iNOS的水平;RT-PCR方法测定正常组、模型组及铁苋菜中剂量给药组大鼠肠组织中iNOS mRNA的表达。结果:铁苋菜中高剂量给药可以显著降低模型组肠组织中MDA的水平,显著升高SOD、GSH-Px的水平;铁苋菜中、高剂量可以显著降低模型大鼠NO及iNOS水平。并且铁苋菜中剂量给药组的iNOS mRNA的表达显著低于模型组。结论:铁苋菜具有抗氧化和抗NO作用,铁苋菜通过抑制iNOS基因表达抑制iNOS,减少NO过量生成,是铁苋菜发挥抗UC作用的机制之一。     

玫瑰花、金银花、茉莉花、菊花不同溶剂组分的抗氧化活性研究

目的研究玫瑰花、金银花、茉莉花、菊花不同溶剂提取物的抗氧化活性。方法采用邻苯三酚自氧化法测定超氧化物歧化酶活性,对4种食用花卉玫瑰花、金银花、茉莉花、菊花,分别用乙醇和水分级萃取进行提取分离,测试各提取物对超氧化物歧化酶的影响。结果 4种花卉醇提物和水提物浓度越大清除超氧阴离子的作用越强,但醇提比水提物的作用更强。结论表明4种花卉都有一定抑制邻苯三酚自氧化,清除超氧阴离子自由基的能力,且乙醇萃取的提取物抗氧化作用较强。     

维药土提汤水提物和醇提物抗炎镇痛作用及其对急性咽炎的治疗作用比较

[目的]研究土提汤水提物和醇提物的抗炎镇痛作用,并比较两者对急性咽炎的治疗作用,为其药用开发奠定基础.[方法]采用小鼠热板实验、小鼠甩尾实验、二甲苯致小鼠耳肿胀实验、小鼠腹腔血管通透性实验和完全弗氏佐剂致大鼠足肿胀实验分析抗炎镇痛效果,同时采用大鼠急性咽炎实验考察土提汤水提物和醇提物对急性咽炎的治疗效果.[结果]与模型...     

Alleviative effects of Cannabis flower on migraine and headache

ObjectiveFew studies to date have measured the real-time effects of consumption of common and commercially available Cannabis products for the treatment of headache and migraine under naturalistic conditions. This study examines, for the first time, the effectiveness of using dried Cannabis flower, the most widely used type of Cannabis product in the United States, in actual time for treatment of headache- and migraine-related pain and the associations between different product characteristics and changes in symptom intensity following Cannabis use.MethodsBetween 06/10/2016 and 02/12/2019, 699 people used the Releaf Application to record real-time details of their Cannabis use, including product characteristics and symptom intensity levels prior to and following self-administration; data included 1910 session-level attempts to treat headache- (1328 sessions) or migraine-related pain (582 sessions). Changes in headache- or migraine-related pain intensity were measured on a 0–10 scale prior to, and immediately, following Cannabis consumption.ResultsNinety-four percent of users experienced symptom relief within a two-hour observation window. The average symptom intensity reduction was 3.3 points on a 0–10 scale (standard deviation = 2.28, Cohen’s d = 1.58), with males experiencing greater relief than females (P < 0.001) and a trend that younger users (< 35 years) experience greater relief than older users (P = 0.08). Mixed effects regression models showed that, among the known (i.e., labeled) product characteristics, tetrahydrocannabinol levels 10% and higher are the strongest independent predictors of symptom relief, and this effect is particularly prominent in headache rather than migraine sufferers (P < 0.05), females (P < 0.05) and younger users (P < 0.001). Females and younger users also appear to gain greater symptom relief from flower labeled as “C. indica” rather than “C. sativa” or other hybrid strains.ConclusionThese results suggest that whole dried Cannabis flower may be an effective medication for treatment of migraine- and headache-related pain, but the effectiveness differs according to characteristics of the Cannabis plant, the combustion methods, and the age and gender of the patient.     

四倍体金银花水提物抗炎作用和急性毒性实验研究

目的对四倍体金银花水提物的抗炎作用以及急性毒性进行评价。方法以二倍体金银花为对照,分别采用角叉菜胶诱导大鼠足肿胀实验、大鼠棉球肉芽肿实验对四倍体金银花水提物进行抗炎活性评价;采用Bliss法测定小鼠的半数致死量(LD50)对其进行急性毒性评价。结果四倍体金银花水提物具有明显的抗急性炎症作用,与亲本二倍体金银花之间抗炎作用差异不具有统计学意义,2个种质均不具有明显的抗亚急性炎症作用。四倍体和二倍体金银花水提物ig给药对小鼠的LD50值分别为72.12、69.92 g/kg,急性毒性差异不明显,分别相当于人体(体质量60 kg)安全用量的412和400倍。结论四倍体金银花水提物具有明显的抗急性炎症作用,在一定剂量范围内使用较为安全。     

生姜油的抗炎作用

目的:观察生姜油的抗炎作用。方法:用二甲苯引起小鼠耳肿胀,鸡蛋清诱导大鼠足肿胀来观察生姜油对急性炎症的作用;用小鼠纸片肉芽肿模型来观察生姜油对慢性炎症的作用;观察生姜油对2,4二-硝基氯苯(DNCB)诱导小鼠迟发性超敏反应模型。结果:生姜油明显抑制二甲苯引起的小鼠耳肿胀和大鼠蛋清性足肿胀;抑制纸片引起的小鼠肉芽肿组织增生;拮抗DNCB引起的小鼠迟发性超敏反应。结论:生姜油具有明显的抗炎作用。     

Triterpene glycosides from the flower petals of sunflower (Helianthus annuus) and their anti-inflammatory activity

Two new oleanane-type triterpene glycosides, named helianthosides 4 (4) and 5 (5), along with four known triterpene glycosides, helianthosides 1 (1), 2 (2), 3 (3), and B (6), were isolated from an n-butanol-soluble fraction of a methanol extract of sunflower (Helianthus annuus) petals. The structures of the two new compounds were determined on the basis of spectroscopic and chemical methods. Upon evaluation of compounds 1-6 for inhibitory activity against 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate (TPA)-induced inflammation (1.7 nmol/ear) in mice, all of the compounds tested exhibited marked anti-inflammatory activity, with ID50 values in the range 65-262 nmol per ear.     

跌打镇痛液镇痛、抗炎作用研究

 目的 研究跌打镇痛液的抗炎、镇痛药理作用。方法 采用大鼠足跖肿胀法、小鼠耳肿胀法、热板法、扭体法进行观察。 结果 跌打镇痛液能抑制大鼠足跖肿胀、抑制小鼠耳肿胀、提高小鼠的痛阈值,抑制小鼠由冰醋酸引起的扭体反应。结论 跌打镇痛液有良好的抗炎、镇痛作用。     

Analgesic and anti-inflammatory effects of essential oils of Eucalyptus

Many species of the genus Eucalyptus from the Myrtaceae family are used in Brazilian folk medicine for the treatment of various medical conditions such as cold, flue, fever, and bronchial infections. In the current investigation, we evaluated the analgesic and anti-inflammatory effects of essential oil extracts from three species of Eucalyptus employing various standard experimental test models. Using acetic acid-induced writhes in mice and hot plate thermal stimulation in rats, it was shown that the essential oils of Eucalyptus citriodora (EC), Eucalyptus tereticornis (ET), and Eucalyptus globulus (EG) induced analgesic effects in both models, suggesting peripheral and central actions. In addition, essential oil extracts from the three Eucalyptus species produced anti-inflammatory effects, as demonstrated by inhibition of rat paw edema induced by carrageenan and dextran, neutrophil migration into rat peritoneal cavities induced by carrageenan, and vascular permeability induced by carrageenan and histamine. However, no consistent results were observed for some of the parameters evaluated, both in terms of activities and dose-response relationships, reflecting the complex nature of the oil extracts and/or the assay systems used. Taken together, the data suggest that essential oil extracts of EC, ET, and EG possess central and peripheral analgesic effects as well as neutrophil-dependent and independent anti-inflammatory activities. These initial observations provide support for the reported use of the eucalyptus plant in Brazilian folk medicine. Further investigation is warranted for possible development of new classes of analgesic and anti-inflammatory drugs from components of the essential oils of the Eucalyptus species.     

美洲凌霄的栽培与利用

首先对美洲凌霄的植物学特征进行了描述,然后重点对繁殖方式和栽培管理要点进行了总结,最后对其在园林、医药等方面的应用方式和价值进行了探讨,旨在对美洲凌霄的资源开发和利用提供依据。     

双氯芬酸搽剂的抗炎镇痛作用

 目的：观察双氯芬酸搽剂的抗炎镇痛作用。方法：配制含双氯芬酸的搽剂，以动物模型观察药物的作用。结果：双氯芬酸搽剂对甲醛及热幅射所致小鼠疼痛有明显的镇痛作用，对二甲苯所致急性炎症及棉球所致慢性肉芽组织增生有显著抑制作用。结论：双氯芬酸搽剂可用于炎症疼痛病人的治疗。     

畲药地稔水煎液的镇痛抗炎作用研究

目的：研究地稔水煎液的镇痛抗炎作用。方法：镇痛实验采用小鼠热板法和醋酸扭体法;抗炎实验采用小鼠耳肿胀、大鼠足跖肿胀法和纸片肉芽肿法。结果：地稔水煎液20g/kg、10g/kg组均能显著减少小鼠扭体次数,提高热板致小鼠痛阈值;地稔水煎液5g/kg减少小鼠扭体次数,表明地稔水煎液有明显的镇痛作用。地稔水煎液20g/kg组、10g/kg组能明显减轻小鼠耳肿胀程度,降低甲醛所致大鼠足跖肿胀程度,减轻纸片肉芽肿程度,表明地稔水煎液有明显的抗炎作用。结论：地稔水煎液有明显的镇痛、抗炎作用。     

Antinociceptive and anti-inflammatory effects of Thespesia populnea bark extract

The ethanolic extract of Thespesia populnea bark (TPE) was investigated for anti-inflammatory and analgesic activity at the doses (p.o.) of 100, 200 and 400mg/kg body weight. For evaluation of inflammation carrageenan-, histamine- and serotonin-induced paw edema served as acute models and formaldehyde-induced arthritis served as a chronic model in rats. The acetic acid-induced writhing response and formalin-induced paw licking time in the early and late phases of mice were used to assess analgesic activity. The higher doses of TPE (200 and 400mg/kg, p.o.) were inhibiting carrageenan, histamine and serotonin-induced paw edema as well as formaldehyde-induced arthritis successfully. In addition, TPE (200 and 400mg/kg, p.o.) significantly attenuated the writhing responses induced by an intraperitoneal injection of acetic acid and late phase of pain response induced by an subplantar injection of formalin in mice. Furthermore, our phytochemical studies indicated that the ethanolic extract of bark contains alkaloids, carbohydrates, protein, tannins, phenols, flavonoids, gums and mucilage, saponins and terpenes. From acute oral toxicity studies (OECD-423 guidelines), no mortality was observed even at highest dose of TPE (2000mg/kg, p.o.).     

木兰脂素抗炎、抗过敏作用的实验研究

目的：研究辛夷提取物－木兰脂素抗炎,抗过敏作用。方法：采用卵白蛋白（OA）引起的致敏豚鼠离体回肠实验和大鼠肥大细胞脱颗粒实验研究木兰脂素的抗过敏作用,醋酸致小鼠毛细血管通透性增加实验和角叉菜胶致小鼠足跖肿以及炎症组织中PGE2含量测定实验研究木兰脂素的抗炎作用。结果：木兰脂素能显著抑制致敏豚鼠离体回肠的过敏性收缩,明显阻止大鼠肥大细胞脱颗粒,对小鼠毛细血管通透性增加和小鼠足跖肿胀均有显著的抑制作用,并能降低炎症组织中PGE2的含量。结论：木兰脂素具有较强的抗过敏、抗炎作用。     

刺三甲对小鼠的抗炎镇痛作用研究

目的:研究刺三甲醇提取物对小鼠的抗炎镇痛作用。方法:采用小鼠耳肿胀法、棉球肉芽肿法、醋酸致小鼠腹腔毛细血管通透性增加法观察抗炎作用,采用小鼠扭体法、热板法观察镇痛作用。结果:与模型组比较,刺三甲(10g/kg)能抑制二甲苯致小鼠耳肿胀,抑制率27.46%;抑制棉球致小鼠肉芽肿,抑制率56.70%;抑制醋酸引起的毛细血管通透性增加,抑制率44.57%;抑制冰醋酸引起的小鼠扭体反应,抑制率29.46%;明显延长热板法试验中小鼠的舔后足时间。结论:刺三甲乙醇提取物有明显的抗炎镇痛作用。