Rupture spontanée de l’utérus non cicatriciel pendant le travail. À propos d’un cas et revue de la littérature

We report a case of spontaneous uterine rupture in a 19 year-old patient Gravida 1 para 2 with no past history of uterine surgery. The diagnosis of uterine rupture, evoked in the early post-partum in the presence of acute abdominal pain, collapsus and haemoperitoneum on ultrasonography, was confirmed by laparotomy. Treatment consisted in hysterorrhaphy. The etiopathogenesis, clinical and therapeutical aspects of spontaneous unscarred uterine ruptures are discussed throughout a literature review.     

Clinical outcome and complications of laparoscopic surgery compared with traditional surgery in women with endometrial cancer

Introduction The purpose of this study was to evaluate the feasibility, clinical outcome and complications of laparoscopic surgery in women with endometrial cancer and to compare surgical outcome and postoperative early and late complications with results of traditional laparotomy. Methods Forty women with endometrial cancer underwent laparoscopic hysterectomy, bilateral salpingo-oophorectomy and pelvic lymphadenectomy. Each patient operated by laparoscopy was matched by age, preoperative clinical stage and histology of the endometrial cancer with a patient treated by the same operation but using traditional laparotomy. Half of these patients underwent total pelvic lymphadenectomy and half had pelvic lymph node sampling. The groups were compared in clinical characteristics, surgical outcomes, recoveries and early and late postoperative complications. Results The patients in the laparoscopy group had less blood loss, more lymph nodes removed, shorter hospital stay but longer operation time than those treated by laparotomy. Only one (2.5%) laparoscopy was converted to laparotomy due to pelvic adhesions. There were no intraoperative complications in either group. Postoperative complications were more common (55.0%) in the laparotomy than in the laparoscopy group (37.5%). Only one major complication (2.5%) occurred among patients undergoing laparoscopy as compared with three (7.5%) major complications in the laparotomy group. Superficial wound infection was the most common (20%) infection in laparotomy patients while vaginal cuff cellulitis occurred in 10% of laparoscopy patients. Late (>42 days) postoperative complications were almost equally frequent (20.0 and 22.5%) in both groups. Lower extremity lymph edema or pelvic lymph cyst was found in 12.5% of all cases. As a result of surgical staging the disease of 6 women (15%) in both groups was upgraded. Conclusions Laparoscopic surgery is a viable alternative to traditional surgery in the management of endometrial cancer. The surgical outcome is similar in both cases. In laparoscopic procedures the operation time is longer but the postoperative recovery time shorter than in laparotomy. Severe complications were limited in both groups, while wound infections can be avoided using laparoscopy.     

腹腔镜与开腹手术行广泛子宫切除加盆腔淋巴结清除术的临床效果比较

目的 比较腹腔镜与开腹手术行广泛子宫切除加盆腔淋巴结清除术的临床效果。方法 回顾性分析近2年我院经腹腔镜行广泛子宫切除加盆腔淋巴结清除术的26例子宫恶性肿瘤患者(腹腔镜组)的临床资料,随机抽取近4年行开腹同类手术的27例(开腹组)作为对照。结果腹腔镜组平均手术时间为310 min,开腹组为238 min;腹腔镜组平均切除的淋巴结22个,开腹组为16个;腹腔镜组术中平均出血量为756 ml,开腹组为1129 ml,腹腔镜组平均输血量为321 m1,开腹组为746 ml,腹腔镜组平均术后排气时间为37 h,开腹组为62 h;腹腔镜组术后体温恢复正常时间平均为5 d,开腹组为8 d;腹腔镜组平均应用抗生素时间为6 d,开腹组为8 d;以上各项数据两组间比较,差异均有极显著性(P<0.01)。两组在盆腔引流液(分别为321、216 ml)、尿管拔除时间(分别为13、10d)、术后第3天的白细胞计数(分别为11 × 109/L、10 × 109/L)、术后住院日(分别为26、26 d)及住院费用(分别为25 986、22 672元)等方面比较,差异均无显著性(P>0.05)。结论 腹腔镜下广泛子宫切除及盆腔淋巴结清除术可达到开腹手术的彻底性,并具有创伤小、恢复快等优点。     

Rupture of the uterus: a changing picture

Eighty nine cases of rupture of the gravid uterus occurring over a period of 15 years with 77,133 deliveries, were analysed. The overall incidence of ruptured uteri was 1 per 866 deliveries. The patients were divided into two groups, those with a scarred uterus (47) and those with an unscarred uterus (42). Distinct differences in terms of parity, age, aetiology and pathogenesis, the clinical picture, pathology, type of surgery and outcome were seen between the two groups. Most pronounced was the difference in symptoms and signs. Lower abdominal tenderness (38.2%), and vaginal exploration after delivery (44.6%) were the clinical hallmarks in the scarred uterus group, compared to shock (33.3%), uterine bleeding (30.9%) and severe abdominal pain (23.8%) in the unscarred group. Moreover, conservative surgery was possible in 72.3% of the scarred group against 14.3% in the other group. A maternal mortality of 5.6% and fetal mortality of 52.8% was seen. All maternal deaths and 71.4% of fetal losses occurred in the unscarred group. Fortunately, the number of ruptures clearly decreased over the study period, and furthermore the ratio between spontaneous and traumatic ruptures of an unscarred uterus and ruptures of a scarred uterus increased.     

Fertility outcome after conservative surgical treatment of ectopic pregnancy evaluated in a randomized trial.

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the fertility outcome after laparoscopic surgery for ectopic pregnancy. DESIGN: A randomized trial versus laparotomy was performed between May 1987 and June 1989. SETTING: The study was conducted in a clinical university center, the Sahlgrens Hospital. PATIENTS: A group of 105 patients with tubal pregnancy were stratified with regard to risk determinants and age and randomized to laparoscopy or laparotomy. Eighty-seven patients who desired pregnancy were evaluated for subsequent fertility outcome. INTERVENTIONS: Linear salpingotomy was performed in both surgical groups. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURE: We evaluated the fertility outcome after laparoscopic salpingotomy for comparison with the outcome after laparotomy. RESULTS: There was no difference between the groups in the overall fertility outcome. A substantially higher proportion of patients in the laparotomy group were subjected to adhesiolysis performed at a second-look laparoscopy. CONCLUSIONS: The fertility prospects are not impaired by laparoscopic surgery. Adhesiolysis at a second-look laparoscopy, especially after laparotomy, might be beneficial in selected cases and may serve to improve subsequent fertility.     

腹腔镜手术与开腹手术治疗输卵管妊娠的临床对照研究

目的 :比较腹腔镜手术与传统开腹手术治疗输卵管妊娠的临床价值及副作用。方法 :将根据临床表现及B超检查等诊断为输卵管妊娠的 15 9例随机分为 2组 ,腹腔镜组 81例 ,传统开腹组 78例 ,分别用腹腔镜及常规开腹手术治疗 ,比较两组手术治疗的术中及术后情况。结果 :两组在手术时间、hCG转阴天数等方面差异无显著性 ,术中失血量、术后排气时间、术后病率、术后是否使用止痛药、住院天数等方面差异有显著性。结论 :输卵管妊娠患者选用腹腔镜手术优于传统开腹手术     

不同手术方式对宫颈癌根治术后疲劳综合征和免疫功能的影响

目的:比较腹腔镜手术和开腹手术对早期宫颈癌子宫全切术术后疲劳综合征(POFS)和免疫功能的影响。方法:选取2014年1月—2015年12月第三军医大学大坪医院妇产科收治的78例早期宫颈癌患者,按手术方式分为腹腔镜组(43例)和开腹组(35例),比较2组的手术情况,采用Christensen评分法评价术前1 d、术后1 d、3 d和7 d的疲劳程度,并检测各个时间点患者的血清免疫球蛋白IgA、IgG、IgM水平、血浆自然杀伤(NK)细胞计数、T细胞亚群CD4^+、CD8^+、CD4^+/CD8^+水平。结果:腹腔镜组手术时间长于开腹组,但术中出血量和术后住院时间少于开腹组,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。2组患者术后的POFS评分均显著高于术前1 d,且随着术后时间延长,POFS评分均逐渐降低;腹腔镜组各个时间点的POFS评分和恢复效果均显著好于开腹组,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。术后2组患者的免疫球蛋白水平和T细胞亚群计数均较术前1 d显著下降,但腹腔镜组下降程度低于开腹组,恢复效果好于开腹组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论:腹腔镜子宫全切术治疗早期宫颈癌对患者创伤小,对免疫功能抑制轻微,POFS程度轻,手术效果好,临床恢复快,值得临床推广应用。     

Salpingo-oophorectomy: Clinical and financial analyses of laparoscopic and open techniques

Objective.To analyze clinical results and financial costs of salpingo-oophorectomy performed by laparoscopy versus laparotomy.Study Design.Comparison of laparoscopic salpingo-oophorectomy with procedures performed by laparotomy.Setting.St. Vincent's Hospital and Fallon Clinic in Worcester, Massachusetts.Patients.Twenty women in both groups.Interventions.Salpingo-oophorectomies performed by laparoscopy and by laparotomy.Measurements and Main Results.Women undergoing laparotomy had a 25% rate of postoperative complications compared with 0% of those having laparoscopy. The duration of the procedures and hospital charges were similar for both groups. Length of hospital stay and time to return to work were significantly less after laparoscopy than after laparotomy.Conclusions.Laparoscopic salpingo-oophorectomy was associated with significantly fewer complications than the operations performed by laparotomy. Although women in the laparoscopy group had a shorter hospital stay, their higher charges were attributed to costly disposable instruments. Patients benefit from early return to work and other activities after laparoscopy.     

A transvaginal sonographic needle-guided method of ovum pickup in a fertilization in vitro/embryo transfer program

Methods of ovum pickup in the IVF/ET program in our hospital from January 1st 1988 to January 31st 1989, were reported. In the initial stage of the program in 1987, laparotomy follicle aspiration was used, which resulted in two cases of clinical pregnancy and full term delivery. Ovum pickup using an ultrasonic endovaginal transducer with a needle guide was introduced in the latter part of 1987. In 1988, the transvaginal method was employed more frequently than the laparotomy and has since become the routine in our program. The rate of embryo transfer and the average number of embryos transferred were quite similar in the two groups. Either method was adopted at that time according to the facilities available and the characteristic pathological conditions of our patients, of whom most had previous history of operation resulting in severe pelvic adhesions. The transvaginal ultrasonic needle guided method for egg retrieval is non-invasive, readily accepted by the patients and therefore may be done repeatedly on one patient in order to increase the cumulative pregnancy rate. However, the laparotomy (transabdominal) route for ovum pickup together with other pelvic surgeries is still indicated in some cases. The clinical pregnancy rate per transfer showed no statistical difference between the two groups.     

Laparoscopic management of early uterine cancer: 10-year experience in Asan Medical Center

OBJECTIVE: To assess the feasibility of laparoscopic surgery in the treatment of patients with early uterine cancer and to compare their outcomes with those of patients treated with laparotomy. METHODS: The records of 388 patients with clinical stage I or II uterine cancer treated by laparoscopic-assisted vaginal hysterectomy (LAVH) or total abdominal hysterectomy (TAH) between January 1997 and April 2006 were retrospectively reviewed. After excluding 39 patients with uterine sarcoma and 40 with upstaging or conversion to laparotomy procedures, the case-controlled study was performed. RESULTS: Laparoscopic procedures were converted to laparotomy in 10 of 188 patients (5.3%), whereas laparoscopic surgery was successful in 178 (94.7%). Histopathologic results led to upstaging of 32 of 349 patients (9.2%), including 15 of 188 (8.0%) in laparoscopy group and 17 of 161 (10.6%) in laparotomy group. The two groups were similar in age, parity, BMI, surgical stage, histological grade, tumor size, operating time and number of lymph nodes removed. Fewer complications and shorter hospital stay were observed in laparoscopy group. Between groups, recurrence rate did not differ significantly. Four recurrences in vaginal stump occurred in the only laparoscopy group, but the difference was not statistically significant. There were no significant differences between the two groups in progression-free and overall survival. CONCLUSION: Laparoscopy is a valid alternative to conventional laparotomy and does not worsen the prognosis of patients with early endometrial carcinoma. Efforts should be made during laparoscopic procedures to minimize the risk of vaginal recurrence.     

Laparoscopic-assisted vaginal hysterectomy versus abdominal hysterectomy in patients with stage I and II endometrial cancer

The purpose of this study was to evaluate and compare the outcomes of laparoscopic surgery with those of conventional abdominal surgery in patients with early endometrial cancer. From 1997 to 2003, 79 patients underwent laparoscopic-assisted vaginal hysterectomy with or without lymphadenectomy. Laparoscopy was performed on patients deemed clinical stage I in preoperative studies. Of the 79 patients, 74 found to be surgical stage I or II were enrolled in the comparative study. As a control group, we selected 168 laparotomy cases at the same disease stage as the laparoscopy group. Operation time, amount of blood transfusion, and hemoglobin changes were similar for both groups. In the laparoscopy group, the number of lymph nodes obtained was significantly higher, and the number of postoperative complications was lower compared to the laparotomy group. The hospital stay was significantly shorter for laparoscopy group. Three-year recurrence-free survival rates were similar, being 97.5% for the laparoscopy group and 98.6% for the laparotomy group. We conclude that laparoscopic surgery for treatment of early endometrial cancer is a safe and effective alternative to laparotomy in terms of perioperative complications. Three-year recurrence-free survival did not differ significantly between the groups. However, long-term survival and risk of recurrence have yet to be determined.     

Fertility Outcome after Cornual Resection for Interstitial Pregnancies

Study ObjectiveTo evaluate future pregnancy rates beyond gestational week 24 after cornual resections for interstitial pregnancies, subsequent modes of delivery, and the rate of later uterine ruptures.DesignA single-center historic cohort with follow-up registry data (Canadian Task Force classification II-2).SettingDepartment of Gynecology, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway.PatientsForty consecutive women with interstitial ectopic pregnancies were treated in the study period from 2005 to 2016, 33 of whom were treated with laparoscopic cornual resection (3 converted to laparotomy). Twenty-six of the 33 women were presumed still fertile after treatment (cases) and thereby age and parity matched with a reference group of 52 women with an equal follow-up time having undergone salpingectomy for tubal (noninterstitial) ectopic pregnancies (controls) (ratio 1:2). Subsequent fertility data for both groups were retrieved from medical records and the national Medical Birth Registry of Norway.InterventionsNone, data extracted from the patients’ medical records and the Medical Birth Registry of Norway.Measurements and Main ResultsThe incidence of interstitial pregnancies among the ectopic pregnancies was 3%. The median time to follow-up for cases and controls was 76 and 71 months, respectively. Subsequent pregnancy rates beyond gestational week 24 were equal in both groups (46% [cases] and 54% [controls]). Cesarean delivery in subsequent pregnancies was more common among women having undergone cornual resections (60% vs 18%, p = .006). Only 2 subsequent uterine ruptures were encountered.ConclusionCornual resection as treatment for interstitial pregnancies seems to have no added detrimental effect on subsequent pregnancy rates compared with salpingectomy for noninterstitial tubal ectopic pregnancies. However, they more often lead to elective cesarean deliveries in subsequent pregnancies.     

阴式广泛全子宫切除加腹腔镜下淋巴结切除术与开腹手术治疗早期宫颈癌疗效比较

目的探讨阴式广泛全子宫切除加腹腔镜下淋巴结切除术治疗早期宫颈癌的临床价值。方法 2004年11月至2011年4月于佛山市妇幼保健院,回顾性分析行阴式广泛全子宫切除加腹腔镜下淋巴结切除术的90例早期宫颈癌患者(阴式组)的病例资料,抽取同期行开腹广泛全子宫切除加盆腔淋巴结切除术42例(开腹组)作为对照。结果两组手术时间差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。阴式组术中出血量[(348±114)mL]、肠道功能恢复时间[(36.76±4.9)h]、住院天数[(10.56±2.10)d]均少于开腹组的[(398±127)mL]、[(40.09±6.5)h]、[(11.79±2.45)d],差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。阴式组切除阴道长度[(3.12±0.17)cm]大于开腹组的[(3.05±0.21)cm](P<0.05)。阴式组尿潴留发生率(30.0%)较开腹组(11.9%)高(P<0.05)。阴式组术后5年内复发率(14.6%)低于开腹组(31.5%)(P<0.05)。结论阴式广泛全子宫切除加腹腔镜下淋巴结切除术式创伤小,术后恢复快,手术彻底,有临床应用价值。     

Analysis of survival after laparoscopic management of endometrial cancer

STUDY OBJECTIVE: To assess the effect of laparoscopic surgery on the survival of women with early-stage endometrial cancer and to analyze the factors that affect survival. DESIGN: Retrospective cohort study (Canadian Task Force classification II-2). SETTING: Tertiary teaching hospital. PATIENTS: Women with clinical stage I and II endometrial cancer (International Federation of Gynecology and Obstetrics staging, 1971) from January 1993 through June 2003. INTERVENTION: Demographic, surgical, perioperative, and pathologic characteristics of women treated with laparoscopy or laparotomy were compared by use of Fisher's exact test or the Student t test. Recurrence-free and overall survival was calculated by use of the Kaplan-Meier method. Stratified analyses were performed with the log-rank test for factors affecting survival (surgical stage, histologic study, and grade). MEASUREMENTS AND MAIN RESULTS: Sixty-seven and 127 women were treated with laparoscopy and laparotomy, respectively. Median follow-up was 36.3 months for the laparoscopy group and 29.6 months for the laparotomy group. The complication rates in the 2 groups were comparable. Women undergoing laparoscopy had shorter hospital stay and less morbidity related to infection. The 2- and 5-year estimated recurrence-free survival rates for the laparoscopy and laparotomy groups (93 % vs 91.7% and 88.5% vs 85%, respectively), as well as the overall 2- and 5-year survival rates (100% vs 99.2% and 100% vs 97%, respectively) were similar. CONCLUSIONS: Laparoscopic surgery in women with early-stage endometrial carcinoma resulted in survival rates similar to laparotomy, although a small sample size precludes definitive conclusions. A larger randomized comparison of the 2 techniques is needed to validate these findings.     

腹腔镜与开腹手术治疗妊娠期附件包块效果及妊娠结局的比较分析

目的 评价妊娠期腹腔镜附件手术的效果及安全性。方法2000年4月至2005年9月将北京协和医院妇科妊娠期腹腔镜附件手术17例（早孕期3倒，中孕期14例）列为研究组，同期同孕周范围开腹附件手术19例（早孕期2例，中孕期17例）列为对照组，比较两组附件手术期情况及妊娠结局。结果早孕期研究组3例术后孕期顺利，足月分娩。中孕期两组患者在术前情况、手术方式和术后病理等方面差异无显著性（P〉0．05）。两组平均手术时间、术后出现宫缩例数、剖宫产率和新生儿体重差异均无显著性（P〉0．05）；术中平均出血量、术后疼痛率、镇痛药用药率、平均应用抗生素时间及平均术后住院日差异有显著性意义（P〈0．05）。两组新生儿均无畸形和窒息。结论在正确掌握妊娠期腹腔镜附件手术指征的前提下，腹腔镜术式对比开腹术式不增加术中和术后并发症，并具有术中出血少，术后疼痛轻。用药少，住院时间短的优势。     

Operative laparoscopy versus open abdominal surgery: a comparative study on postoperative adhesion formation in the rat model

The aim of this study was to compare the occurrence of adhesions after a standard uterine injury inflicted by laparoscopy or by laparotomy during which microsurgical principles were observed. The cross-sectional areas of adhesions involving the uterus were assessed and the 31 rats operated upon laparoscopically were compared with the 30 rats subjected to a laparotomy. The mean area of uterine adhesions formed in the laparotomy group was 4.29 mm2 and 8.88 mm2 in the laparoscopy group. The difference was not statistically significant. The results imply that a standard tissue injury to uterine tissue, whether conducted by laparoscopy or via laparotomy, carries the same potential to induce postoperative adhesions.     

The current therapeutic approaches to advanced ovarian cancer

One hundred and fifty-nine cases of stage III or IV ovarian cancer treated at Kurume University and affiliated hospitals over the decade from 1978 to 1987 were analysed for their clinical outcome in relation to the therapeutic methods. The following results were obtained. 1) Two definite groups of patients were identified, one having a favourable prognosis with all patients surviving for at least three years after the initial treatment and the other, group of patients with poor prognosis who died within two years. There were significant differences in the clinical features of the two groups mentioned, i.e. in the performance status, the clinical stage, the type of operation carried out, the residual tumor, the application of second look laparotomy (SLO), the type of anti-cancer drug given and the use of maintenance chemotherapy. 2) The operations performed were primary surgery, including hysterectomy, bilateral adnexectomy and omentectomy or exploratory laparotomy. There was also a significant difference in the prognosis of those who received primary surgery compared to those given exploratory laparotomy. 3) A significant difference was also noted in the prognosis of cases with residual tumors less than 1 cm in diameter when compared to those which had larger residual tumors. 4) The application of SLO did not affect the prognosis. 5) Favourable results were obtained in the survival rate of cases who received cisplatin and also, 6) Favourable results were obtained in the survival rate of those patients who were given maintenance chemotherapy.     

腹腔镜手术与开腹手术治疗Ⅰ期子宫内膜癌的临床分析

目的探讨腹腔镜手术及开腹手术治疗工期子宫内膜癌的临床效果和并发症的处理及预防对策。方法回顾分析中国医科大学附属盛京医院自2010年8月至2012年8月Ⅰ期子宫内膜癌54例,其中腹腔镜手术22例,开腹手术32例。比较两组手术时间、术中出血量、淋巴结切除数量、手术并发症、术后肠道功能恢复时间等以评价二者差异。结果两组患者术前临床资料,如年龄、体重、婚育史、内科合并症及深静脉血栓风险评估差异均无统计学意义（P〉0．05）。术中出血量、术后排气时间、术后住院时间三方面差异有统计学意义（P〈0．05）。手术时间、淋巴结切除数量、腹主动脉淋巴结切除或取样完成的病例数、腹腔引流量等术中及术后资料差异无统计学意义（P〉0．05）。结论对于子宫内膜癌患者术前应注意重视相关风险评估,给予全面的预防措施以降低术中及术后并发症的发生,腹腔镜手术为早期子宫内膜癌的较优治疗方式。     

Laparoscopy for the management of early-stage endometrial cancer: from experimental to standard of care

We performed a search of PUBMED and MEDLINE for articles concerning surgical management of early stage endometrial cancer from 1950 to 2011. From the articles collected we extracted data such as estimated blood loss, operating room time, complications, conversion to laparotomy, and length of hospital stay. Forty-seven relevant sources were analyzed. The patients in the laparoscopy group had less blood loss, fewer complications, longer operating room times, and a shorter length of stay. Lymph node count was similar in both groups. Although obesity is not a contraindication to laparoscopy, it does lead to a higher conversion rate. Route of surgical treatment had no impact on recurrence or survival. Robotic surgery has significant advantages over laparotomy, but advantages over laparoscopy are not as distinct. Laparoscopic hysterectomy offers several advantages over laparotomy. These advantages relate to improvements in patient care with comparable clinical outcome. After careful analysis we believe laparoscopy should be the standard of care for surgical management of early stage endometrial cancer.     

Negative laparoscopy is highly predictive of negative second-look laparotomy following chemotherapy for ovarian, tubal, and primary peritoneal carcinoma

OBJECTIVE: To determine the negative predictive value of second-look laparoscopy compared to laparotomy for assessment of pathologic complete response (CR) in patients with epithelial ovarian, tubal, and peritoneal carcinoma who achieved a clinical CR. METHODS: Data were analyzed from patients who participated in two sequential phase II clinical trials following primary cytoreductive surgery. Both trials required surgical evaluation for pathologic CR in those patients who achieved clinical CR. Protocol specified that assessment begin with laparoscopy; if negative, conversion to laparotomy was required. Collection of peritoneal washings was performed laparoscopically. RESULTS: One hundred thirty-six patients entered the 2 sequential clinical trials. Ninety-nine patients achieved clinical CR and 95 underwent second-look surgery (SLO). Seventy patients began SLO with laparoscopy and converted to planned laparotomy after biopsies were negative. Eighteen cases were positive based on laparoscopy with frozen section. Five additional patients had peritoneal washings and/or permanent pathology positive based on laparoscopic findings, yielding a positive SLO rate of 32.9%. Four of the 52 patients who underwent laparotomy (7.7%) were found to have persistent disease that was not detected on laparoscopic biopsy or washings and represent false-negative laparoscopy; all four patients had disease at peritoneal-based sites. The sensitivity and negative predictive value for intraoperative diagnosis of persistent disease by laparoscopy were 66.6% and 82.7%, respectively. The sensitivity and negative predictive value of laparoscopic peritoneal biopsies and washings compared to laparotomy, as determined by final pathology, were 85.2% and 91.5%, respectively. CONCLUSION: A negative second-look laparoscopy with negative peritoneal pathology and cytology is 91.5% predictive of negative laparotomy and is associated with a low complication rate even in the setting of prior extensive cytoreductive surgery. The small increase in sensitivity and negative predictive value afforded by laparotomy does not warrant the increased morbidity.