微小RNA-223-3p靶向调控TGFBR3影响肺癌细胞上皮间质转化及Wnt/β-catenin通路

目的:探讨微小RNA-223-3p（miR-223-3p）对转化生长因子Ⅲ型受体（TGFBR3）的靶向调控及对肺癌上皮间质转化（EMT）及Wnt/β-catenin通路相关指标的影响。方法:采用实时荧光定量PCR（qPCR）检测肺癌细胞（95D、LTEP-α-2、A549及NCI-H460）以及人肺上皮细胞BEAS-2B的miR-223-3p和TGFBR3水平,经双荧光素酶报告基因实验验证miR-223-3p和TGFBR3的靶向关系。将A549细胞分成3组:对照组、miR-223-3p NC组（转染miR-223-3p NC）、miR-223-3p mimic组（转染miR-223-3p mimic）,MTT法、划痕实验及Transwell小室实验分别检测3组细胞的增殖及迁移能力。接着收集3组转染后的细胞,分别制备裸鼠移植瘤,处死裸鼠并剥离肿瘤组织,测量肿瘤体积及重量,免疫组化法对比各组镜下TGFBR3蛋白的表达情况,Western blotting实验检测EMT相关指标上皮钙黏蛋白（E-Cadherin）、神经型钙黏蛋白（N-Cadherin）、波形蛋白（Vimentin）及Wnt/β-catenin通路相关因子（Wnt1和β-catenin）的表达。结果:与BEAS-2B细胞对比,肺癌细胞miR-223-3p及TGFBR3的表达水平均降低,差异有统计学意义（P＜0.05）;miR-223-3p能靶向调控TGFBR3的表达。miR-223-3p mimic组A549细胞的增殖活力、划痕愈合率及穿膜细胞数均较miR-223-3p NC组明显降低（P＜0.05）;此外,miR-223-3p mimic组裸鼠瘤体体积及重量均明显低于miR-223-3p NC组。免疫组化结果显示,miR-223-3p mimic组TGFBR3阳性表达率上升,与miR-223-3p NC组相比,差异具有统计学意义（P＜0.05）;Western blotting结果提示,与miR-223-3p NC组相比,miR-223-3p mimic组肿瘤组织中TGFBR3、E-Cadherin表达水平升高,而N-Cadherin、Vimentin、Wnt1和β-catenin表达水平均下降（P＜0.05）。对照组与miR-223-3p NC组的增殖活力、划痕愈合能力以及EMT和Wnt/β-catenin通路相关因子水平的差异无统计学意义（P＞0.05）。结论:miR-223-3p在肺癌中异常低表达,miR-223-3p通过靶向调控TGFBR3来抑制肺癌A549细胞的增殖、迁移侵袭、EMT过程并阻断Wnt/β-catenin通路,在肺癌进展中发挥抑癌作用。     

miR-532抑制Sema4C逆转宫颈癌细胞上皮间质转化及增加对顺铂化疗的敏感性

目的:探讨miR-532抑制Sema4C逆转宫颈癌细胞上皮间质转化及增加对顺铂化疗敏感性的作用。方法:检测宫颈癌细胞Caski经过沉默Sema4C表达后EMT标志物表达水平;利用Transwell迁移与侵袭实验检测沉默Sema4C表达所引起的宫颈癌细胞Caski迁移与侵袭能力变化;预测Sema4C是miR-532直接的靶基因并用双荧光素酶实验检测荧光素酶活性;Western blotting及qRT-PCR检测表达miR-532后EMT标志物E-cadherin、Vimentin、Snail的蛋白表达水平及mRNA表达水平;利用Transwell迁移与侵袭实验检测Caski细胞经过转染miR-532 mimic后迁移、侵袭能力的变化;CCK8检测过表达 miR-532及沉默 Sema4C对宫颈癌细胞顺铂化疗敏感性的影响。结果:Sema4C参与调节宫颈癌细胞Caski上皮间质转化,下调Sema4C可逆转这一过程;Sema4C是miR-532直接的靶基因;miR-532可逆转宫颈癌细胞的EMT;过表达miR-532及沉默Sema4C能显著提高宫颈癌细胞对顺铂敏感性。结论:miR-532通过抑制靶基因Sema4C的表达水平在宫颈癌中扮演抑癌基因的角色,逆转了宫颈癌细胞Caski的上皮间质转化及增加对顺铂化疗的敏感性。     

miR-762在胰腺癌中的表达及对胰腺癌细胞生物学行为的影响

背景与目的：miR-762在多种恶性肿瘤中存在表达异常,参与肿瘤的增殖、凋亡及侵袭转移。观察miR-762在胰腺癌组织和细胞系中的表达及对胰腺癌细胞增殖、侵袭转移的影响。方法：采用实时荧光定量聚合酶链反应（real-time fluorescence quantitative polymerase chain reaction,RTFQ-PCR）技术检测于河北医科大学第四医院行胰腺癌根治术的胰腺癌组织和细胞株中miR-762的表达。通过Lipofectamine ^TM 2000将miR-762模拟物（mimics）、miR-762抑制物（inhibitors）及其阴性对照序列（scramble序列）分别转染胰腺癌PANC-1细胞。采用细胞计数试剂盒（cell counting kit-8,CCK-8）实验检测细胞增殖;采用流式细胞术检测细胞凋亡;采用划痕实验和Transwell侵袭实验检测细胞侵袭转移能力;采用蛋白质印迹法（Western blot）检测上皮-间质转化（epithelial-mesenchymal transformation,EMT）相关分子标志物表达。结果：胰腺癌组织中miR-762 mRNA表达量显著高于癌旁组织（P<0.01）。胰腺癌细胞株BxPC-3、PANC-1、AsPC-1、SW-1990中miR-762 mRNA的表达量也显著高于正常胰腺上皮细胞HPDE（P<0.01）。转染miR-762 mimics后PANC-1细胞miR-762 mRNA表达量显著增加,而转染miR-762 inhibitors后PANC-1细胞miR-762 mRNA表达量显著降低（P<0.01）。同时miR-762 mimics组450 nm处的吸光度（D ₄₅₀ ）值、细胞迁移距离和穿膜细胞数及间质表型细胞标志物N-钙黏蛋白（N-cadherin）、波形蛋白（vimentin）表达量显著增加,细胞凋亡率及上皮细胞标志物E-钙黏蛋白（E-cadherin）表达量显著降低;而miR-762inhibitors组D ₄₅₀ 、细胞迁移距离和穿膜细胞数及间质表型细胞标志物N-cadherin、vimentin表达量显著降低,细胞凋亡率及上皮细胞标志物E-cadherin表达量显著增加（P<0.05）。结论：miR-762在胰腺癌组织和细胞株中高表达,上调miR-762表达可能通过调控N-cadherin、vimentin、E-cadherin表达促进EMT进程,从而增强PANC-1细胞的增殖和侵袭转移能力。     

The PDGF-D/miR-106a/Twist1 pathway orchestrates epithelial-mesenchymal transition in gemcitabine resistance hepatoma cells

Emerging evidence demonstrates that platelet-derived growth factor-D (PDGF-D) plays a critical role in epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) and drug resistance in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) cells. However, the underlying mechanism has not been fully elucidated. The objective is to explore the molecular mechanism of PDGF-D-mediated EMT in drug resistance HCC cells. To achieve our goal, we used multiple approaches including Western blotting, real-time RT-PCR, wound healing assay, invasion assay, luciferase activity assay, transfection, and immunohistochemistry. We found that PDGF-D is highly expressed in gemcitabine-resistant (GR) HCC cells. Moreover, PDGF-D markedly inhibited miR-106a expression and subsequently upregulated Twist1 expression. Notably, PDGF-D expression was associated with miR-106a and Twist1 in HCC patients. Our findings provide a possible molecular mechanism for understanding GR chemoresistance in HCC cells. Therefore, inactivation of PDGF-D/Twist or activation of miR-106a could be a novel strategy for the treatment of HCC.     

下调MYEOV抑制胰腺癌细胞PaTu8988增殖、迁移、侵袭

目的:研究骨髓瘤过表达基因（MYEOV）对胰腺癌细胞增殖、迁移、侵袭的影响,以及对上皮间质转化（EMT）相关蛋白和STAT3信号通路相关蛋白的调控作用。方法:利用UCSC Xena数据库分析MYEOV在胰腺癌及正常组织中的表达水平,利用ICGC数据库分析MYEOV与胰腺癌患者预后的关系。使用慢病毒重组构建稳定低表达MYEOV的胰腺癌PaTu8988细胞系,运用实时定量聚合酶链反应（qRT-PCR）和蛋白质印迹法（Western blot）检测胰腺癌细胞系中MYEOV mRNA和蛋白的表达情况,采用CCK-8、划痕实验、Transwell迁移及侵袭实验分析细胞的增殖、迁移、侵袭能力。利用Western blot方法检测E-cadherin、Vimentin、MMP2、MMP9、STAT3、p-STAT3的表达情况。结果:经生物信息学分析发现,MYEOV在胰腺癌组织中高表达,且与胰腺癌预后不良有关。与对照组比较,下调MYEOV后胰腺癌细胞株PaTu8988的增殖、迁移和侵袭能力降低;与对照组比较,下调MYEOV后胰腺癌PaTu8988细胞系中E-cadherin蛋白表达水平升高,Vimentin、MMP2、MMP9、p-STAT3蛋白表达水平下降。结论:下调MYEOV的表达抑制胰腺癌细胞的增殖、迁移、侵袭,其机制可能与抑制EMT过程有关,而STAT3通路蛋白在EMT发生过程中出现改变,提示STAT3通路可能参与了该表型的调控。     

miR-192-5p通过靶向ZEB2调控胰腺癌PANC-1细胞的恶性生物学行为

目的：探讨miR-192-5p靶向E盒锌指结合同源框2(ZEB2)对胰腺癌PANC-1细胞增殖、迁移、侵袭和上皮间质转化（EMT）的影响及其作用机制。方法：利用TCGA数据库数据分析miR-192-5p和ZEB2在胰腺癌组织中的表达及两者的相关性。采用qPCR法和WB法分别检测人正常胰腺上皮细胞HPNE和胰腺癌PANC-1细胞中miR-192-5p和ZEB2的表达水平。利用脂质体转染技术转染PANC-1细胞,实验分为miR-192-5p mimic组、Mimic NC组、miR-192-5p inhibitor组、Inhibitor NC组、Mimic NC+pcDNA3.1组、miR-192-5p mimic+pcDNA3.1组、miR-192-5p mimic+pcDNA3.1-ZEB2组。CCK-8法、克隆形成、划痕愈合、Transwell实验分别检测转染PANC-1细胞的增殖、克隆形成、迁移和侵袭能力。qPCR法、WB法、双重免疫荧光实验检测PANC-1细胞中ZEB2、E-cadherin、vimentin的表达水平。通过生物信息学网站预测miR-192-5p的靶基因,并利用双...     

miR-15a inhibits cell proliferation and epithelial to mesenchymal transition in pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma by down-regulating Bmi-1 expression

Purposes

To investigate whether miR-15a inhibits cell proliferation and epithelial–mesenchymal transition (EMT) in pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) via the down-regulation of B cell-specific moloney murine leukemia virus insertion site 1 (Bmi-1) expression.

Methods and Results

miR-15a and Bmi-1 expressions in normal pancreatic tissue and PDAC tissue were measured. The relationship between miR-15a and Bmi-1 expression was analyzed. We found that miR-15a suppressed the expression of Bmi-1 and PDAC cell proliferation; E-cadherin expression was visibly up-regulated after silencing Bmi-1 by transfecting miR-15a into PDAC cell line.

Conclusion

miR-15a inhibits cell proliferation and EMT in PDAC via the down-regulation of Bmi-1 expression.     

Implication of epithelial-mesenchymal transition in IGF1R-induced resistance to EGFR-TKIs in advanced non-small cell lung cancer

The underlying mechanisms for acquired resistance to epidermal growth factor receptor-tyrosine kinase inhibitors (EGFR-TKIs) in about 30%-40% of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients remain elusive. Recent studies have suggested that activation of epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) and type 1 insulin-like growth factor receptor (IGF1R) is associated with acquired EGFR-TKIs resistance in NSCLC. Our study aims to further explore the mechanism of EMT and IGF1R in acquired EGFR-TKIs resistance in NSCLC cell lines with mutant (PC-9) or wild-type EGFR (H460). Compared to parental cells, EGFR-TKIs-resistant PC-9/GR and H460/ER cells displayed an EMT phenotype and showed overexpression of IGF1R. SiIGF1R in PC-9/GR and H460/ER cells reversed EMT-related morphologies and reversed their resistance to EGFR-TKIs. Exogenous IGF-1 alone induced EMT in EGFR-TKIs-naïve PC-9 and H460 cells and increased their resistance against EGFR-TKIs. Inducing EMT by TGF-β1 in PC-9 and H460 cells decreased their sensitivity to EGFR-TKIs, whereas reversing EMT by E-cadherin overexpression in PC-9/GR and H460/ER cells restored their sensitivity to EGFR-TKIs. These data suggest that IGF1R plays an important role in acquired drug resistance against EGFR-TKIs by inducing EMT. Targeting IGF1R and EMT may be a potential therapeutic strategy for advanced NSCLC with acquired EGFR-TKIs resistance.     

LINC01089通过调控miR-27a-3p/TET1轴抑制胰腺癌细胞的增殖和迁移

目的:本研究旨在探究胰腺癌中长链非编码RNA 01089（LINC01089）/miR-27a-3p/TET1轴在胰腺癌进展中的作用及其机制。方法:通过GEPIA数据库分析LINC01089在胰腺癌中的表达及其与预后的相关性。使用定量实时聚合酶链反应（qRT-PCR）检测LINC01089、miR-27a-3p、TET1 mRNA在胰腺癌组织和正常组织中的表达;CCK-8、BrdU和划痕愈合实验检测LINC01089和miR-27a-3p对细胞增殖和迁移的影响。机制上,我们通过StarBase和TargetScan数据库预测、双荧光素酶报告基因验证LINC01089和miR-27a-3p、miR-27a-3p和TET1之间的调控关系。采用Western blot检测LINC01089和miR-27a-3p对TET1表达的影响。结果:GEPIA数据库显示LINC01089在胰腺癌中低表达,其低表达与患者整体生存期(overall survival,OS)和无病生存期(diease free survival,DFS)相关。本研究中,我们发现与正常组织相比,癌组织中LINC01089表达显著下调,并与患者不良预后相关;功能实验显示LINC01089抑制胰腺癌细胞的增殖和迁移。相关机制实验表明LINC01089通过吸附miR-27a-3p上调TET1的表达在胰腺癌中发挥抑制作用。结论:LINC01089通过靶向调控miR-27a-3p促进TET1的表达,从而抑制胰腺癌细胞的增殖和迁移。     

miR-21促进肺癌EGFR-TKI耐药细胞株上皮—间质细胞转化的研究

[目的]研究miR-21是否可以调控上皮—间质转化（EMT）而参与肺癌获得性耐药。[方法]使用HCC827细胞（EGFR基因19外显子缺少的肺腺癌细胞株）,在此细胞的基础上培养吉非替尼耐药细胞株HCC827/GR。检测耐药细胞株中miR-21的表达,同时观察耐药细胞的形态变化,及在耐药细胞株中抑制miR-21表达后检测耐药细胞株的侵袭能力及EMT相关蛋白E-cadherin和Vimentin的表达。[结果]与敏感细胞株HCC827相比,HCC827/GR细胞株对吉非替尼的耐药倍数约为100倍;同时在耐药细胞株中我们发现miR-21较敏感株表达增高约5.3倍,同时细胞形态发生了明显变化。通过检测EMT相关蛋白,我们发现耐药细胞株中间质相关蛋白Vimentin明显高表达,而上皮相关蛋白E-cadherin明显低表达,当miR-21被抑制后,耐药细胞株侵袭能力下降,同时Vimentin表达量下降,而E-cadherin表达量增高。[结论]miR-21可能通过促进EMT参与肺癌EGFR-TKI的获得性耐药。     

Down-regulation of miR-221 inhibits proliferation of pancreatic cancer cells through up-regulation of PTEN,p27kip1, p57kip2, and PUMA

Pancreatic cancer is the fourth leading cause of cancer related death in the US and exhibits aggressive features with short survival rate and high mortality. Therefore, it is important to understand the molecular mechanism(s) involved in the aggressive growth of pancreatic cancers, and further design novel targeted therapies for its treatment with better treatment outcome. In the present study, we found that the expression of miR-221 was significantly up-regulated in pancreatic cancer cell lines and tumor tissues compared to normal pancreatic duct epithelial cells and normal pancreas tissues. Moreover, we found that the pancreatic cancer patients with high miR-221 expression had a relatively shorter survival compared to those with lower expression, suggesting that miR-221 could be an oncogenic miRNA and a prognostic factor for poor survival of patients. Interestingly, transfection of miR-221 inhibitor suppressed the proliferative capacity of pancreatic cancer cells with concomitant up-regulation of PTEN, p27^kip1, p57^kip2, and PUMA, which are the tumor suppressors and the predicted targets of miR-221. Most importantly, we found that the treatment of pancreatic cancer cells with isoflavone mixture (G2535), formulated 3,3’-diindolylmethane (BR-DIM), or synthetic curcumin analogue (CDF) could down-regulate the expression of miR-221 and consequently up-regulate the expression of PTEN, p27^kip1, p57^kip2, and PUMA, leading to the inhibition of cell proliferation and migration of MiaPaCa-2 and Panc-1 cells. These results provide experimental evidence in support of the oncogenic role of miR-221 and also demonstrate the role of isoflavone, BR-DIM, and CDF as potential non-toxic agents that are capable of down-regulation of miR-221. Therefore, these agents combined with conventional chemotherapeutics could be useful in designing novel targeted therapeutic strategy for the treatment of pancreatic cancer for which there is no curative therapy.     

Phosphoglucose isomerase/autocrine motility factor mediates epithelial-mesenchymal transition regulated by miR-200 in breast cancer cells

Phosphoglucose isomerase/autocrine motility factor (PGI/AMF) plays an important role in glycolysis and gluconeogenesis and is associated with invasion and metastasis of cancer cells. We have previously shown its role in the induction of epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) in breast cancer cells, which led to increased aggressiveness; however, the molecular mechanism by which PGI/AMF regulates EMT is not known. Here we show, for the first time, that PGI/AMF overexpression led to an increase in the DNA-binding activity of NF-κB, which, in turn, led to increased expression of ZEB1/ZEB2. The microRNA-200s (miR-200s) miR-200a, miR-200b, and miR-200c are known to negatively regulate the expression of ZEB1/ZEB2, and we found that the expression of miR-200s was lost in PGI/AMF overexpressing MCF-10A cells and in highly invasive MDA-MB-231 cells, which was consistent with increased expression of ZEB1/ZEB2. Moreover, silencing of PGI/AMF expression in MDA-MB-231 cells led to overexpression of miR-200s, which was associated with reversal of EMT phenotype (i.e., mesenchymal-epithelial transition), and these findings were consistent with alterations in the relative expression of epithelial (E-cadherin) and mesenchymal (vimentin, ZEB1, ZEB2) markers and decreased aggressiveness as judged by clonogenic, motility, and invasion assays. Moreover, either reexpression of miR-200 or silencing of PGI/AMF suppressed pulmonary metastases of MDA-MB-231 cells in vivo, and anti-miR-200 treatment in vivo resulted in increased metastases. Collectively, these results suggest a role of miR-200s in PGI/AMF-induced EMT and thus approaches for upregulation of miR-200s could be a novel therapeutic strategy for the treatment of highly invasive breast cancer.     

lncRNA HOTAIR靶向miR-126激活RhoA/ROCK通路促进喉癌Hep-2细胞增殖、侵袭与EMT

目的:探讨长链非编码RNA-Hox转录反义RNA(long non-coding RNA Hox antisense intergenicRNA,lncRNA HOTAIR)对喉癌Hep-2细胞增殖、侵袭及其上皮间质转化(epithelial-mesenchymal transition,EMT)的影响及机制.方法:利...     

lncRNA HOTTIP通过miR⁃637/KLK4轴促进肺癌SPC⁃A⁃1细胞的恶性 生物学行为

目的：探讨 lncRNA HOTTIP 对肺癌细胞增殖、凋亡及 EMT 的影响及其作用机制。方法：利用 qPCR 检测 lncRNAHOTTIP、miR-637和KLK4在肺癌SPC-A-1、正常肺上皮BEAS-2B细胞中的表达量;siRNA干扰SPC-A-1细胞中lncRNA HOTTIP的表达后,分别通过CCK-8、Transwell、流式细胞术和WB法检测SPC-A-1细胞增殖、侵袭、凋亡和EMT能力的变化。miRanda软件和双荧光素酶报告基因实验分析 lncRNA HOTTIP 和 miR-637 之间的靶向关系,RNA pull-down 实验检测 lncRNA HOTTIP 和miR-637的吸附作用,检测lncRNA HOTTIP通过miR-637对SPC-A-1细胞增殖、侵袭、凋亡和EMT的调控。利用TargetScan软件分析 miR-637 与 KLK4 的相关性,双荧光素酶报告基因实验检测 miR-637 与 KLK4 mRNA 之间的相互作用;检测 miR-637 通过KLK4 mRNA对SPC-A-1细胞增殖、侵袭、凋亡和EMT的调控。下调lncRNA HOTTIP和miR-637表达后,利用qPCR和WB检测KLK4 mRNA 和蛋白表达水平的变化。结果：与 BEAS-2B 细胞比,在 SPC-A-1 细胞中 lncRNA HOTTIP 呈高表达（P<0.01）,miR-637呈低表达（P<0.01）,KLK4呈高表达（P<0.01）。下调lncRNA HOTTIP后,SPC-A-1细胞增殖、侵袭与EMT能力显著减弱,细胞凋亡率显著上升（P<0.01）;lncRNA HOTTIP与miR-637具有靶向关系;下调miR-637表达后,SPC-A-1细胞增殖、侵袭与EMT能力显著上升,细胞凋亡率显著降低（P<0.01）。miR-637与 KLK4 3''UTR特异性结合。miR-637通过 KLK4显著促进了 SPC-A-1细胞增殖、侵袭与 EMT,细胞凋亡率显著上升（P<0.01）。下调 lncRNA HOTTIP 使 KLK4 表达显著降低,而下调 miR-637 可促进KLK4表达（P<0.05）。结论：上调lncRNA HOTTIP可通过miR-637/KLK4轴促进肺癌SPC-A-1细胞的增殖、侵袭与EMT而抑制癌细胞凋亡。