星形细胞瘤中环氧化酶-2 mRNA及蛋白表达的意义

目的 :探讨星形细胞瘤组织中环氧化酶 2 (COX2 )蛋白、mRNA的表达及其与病理级别的相关性。方法 :用原位杂交的方法检测星形细胞瘤组织中COX2mRNA的表达情况 ;用免疫组化SP法检测同等标本中COX2蛋白的表达情况 ;并将表达情况与星形细胞瘤病理级别作相关性分析。结果 :COX2蛋白在星形细胞瘤表达的染色积分为 4 .5 6± 2 .32 ,正常脑组织染色积分为 1.2 1± 1.18,二者相比较有显著性差异 (P <0 .0 1) ;低度恶性组(Ⅰ ,Ⅱ级 )染色积分为 1.84± 1.4 6 ,高度恶性组 (Ⅲ ,Ⅳ级 )染色积分为 6 .37± 3.6 2 ,二者相比较有显著性差异 (P <0 .0 1)。COX2mRNA在星形细胞瘤表达率为 6 2 .6 9% ,在正常脑组织中呈阴性表达 ,二者比较有显著性差异 (P <0 .0 1) ;COX2mRNA在低度恶性组和高度恶性组中表达率分别为 37.14 % ,87.5 % ,二者比较有显著性差异 (P <0 .0 1)。结论 :COX2蛋白、mRNA在星形细胞瘤组织中高度表达 ,且表达率与病理级别密切相关 ;从基因水平和蛋白水平说明COX2基因在星形细胞瘤的生长和病理进程中发挥着重要作用。     

内皮生长因子表达与星形细胞瘤组织学分级的关系

目的探讨血管内皮生长因子(VEGF)与星形细胞瘤的病理恶性程度和微血管密度(MVD)的关系.方法应用免疫组化技术检测48例星形细胞瘤中VEGF蛋白的表达,并用第8因子相关抗原(FVⅢ-RA)抗体标记微血管进行计数.结果 VEGF表达阳性率在低度恶性(Ⅰ、Ⅱ级)和高度恶性(Ⅲ、Ⅳ级)星形细胞瘤中分别为26.09%、64.00%;MVD在低、高度恶性者中分别为8.89±5.80、17.49±13.13.经统计学检验,VEGF阳性率和MVD在不同恶性程度星形细胞瘤中的差异具有显著性(P＜0.01),且VEGF表达与MVD呈正相关.结论 VEGF在星形细胞瘤的形成与恶性进展中发挥着作用,它可促进瘤组织内微血管的形成.     

脑星形细胞瘤中血管内皮生长因子表达与肿瘤血管形成的关系

目的 研究脑星形细胞肿瘤中血管内皮生长因子(VEGF)蛋白的表达及其与微血管密度(MVD)间的相关性。方法 采用免疫组织化学S—P法检测60例脑星形细胞肿瘤中VEGF蛋白的表达，计数肿瘤MVD，分析其意义及两者间的相关性。结果 VEGF总阳性率为63．3％(36／60例)，其中Ⅱ、Ⅲ、Ⅳ级星形细胞瘤中VEGF阳性率分别为42．1％(8/19例)、71．4％(20／28例)、76．9％(10／13例)。间变性星形细胞瘤和多形性胶质母细胞瘤明显高于弥漫性星形细胞瘤(P＜0．05)；在Ⅱ、Ⅲ、Ⅳ级肿瘤各级别间MVD的差异有显著性(P＜0．05)，而且肿瘤从低度恶性向高度恶性转变过程中，微血管形态由窦状扩张为主变为以芽状和细索状为主，而球状血管丛仅出现在胶质母细胞瘤中。VEGF表达与肿瘤MVD呈正相关(P＜0．05)。结论 联合检测VEGF、MVD可作为判断脑星形细胞瘤恶性潜能的重要生物学指标，同时对了解肿瘤血管形成机制有一定意义。     

人脑星形细胞瘤中Livin的表达及其与恶性程度的关系

目的 探讨一种新的凋亡抑制蛋白Livin在人脑星形细胞瘤中的表达及其与恶性程度的关系.方法 采用免疫组化法检测人脑星形细胞瘤标本中Livin的表达,并与对照组比较,按WHO病理分级标准进行恶性程度评定.结果 55例患者中45例(81.82%)Livin呈阳性表达,而对照组12例脑组织中均无表达.低度恶性组阳性表达率、表达强度、阳性细胞率分别为75.0%、7.17±5.72、0.29±0.25,高度恶性组(Ⅲ、Ⅳ级)阳性表达率、表达强度、阳性细胞率分别为91.30%、18.24±6.94、0.63±0.24,两组间3者的差异均有统计学意义(均P＜0.01).结论 人脑星形细胞瘤中存在Livin的表达,而且其表达强度随细胞瘤恶性程度(病理级别)的增高而增强,Livin可能参与了星形细胞瘤的发生、发展,并与肿瘤的生物学行为相关.     

人脑星形细胞瘤中CD34的表达及其与恶性性程度的关系

目的探讨和评估CD34在人脑星形细胞瘤的表达及其与恶性程度的关系。方法采用免疫组化法检测人脑星形细胞瘤标本中CD34蛋白的表达,并与对照组比较,按WHO病理分级标准进行恶性程度评定。结果55例患者中53例CD34蛋白呈阳性表达,而对照组12例脑组织中均无表达。低度恶性组阳性细胞表达强度、阳性细胞数分别为22.94&#177;1.73,76&#177;10,高度恶性组为35.81&#177;1.36,130&#177;7。两组间差异均有统计学意义（〈0.01）。结论人脑星形细胞瘤中存在CD34蛋白的表达,而且其表达强度随星形细胞瘤恶性程度（病理级别）的增高而增强,CD34蛋白可能参与了星形细胞瘤的侵袭性生长,并与肿瘤的生物学行为相关。     

人脑星形细胞瘤组织中Survivin与P53的表达

目的:探讨人脑星形细胞瘤组织中Survivin及P53的表达情况.方法:采用免疫组织化学SP法检测65例脑星形细胞瘤(Ⅰ级18例,Ⅱ级20例,Ⅲ～Ⅳ级27例)及10例正常脑组织标本中Survivin、P53的表达并分析2者之间的关系.结果:正常及脑星形细胞瘤组织中Survivin的阳性表达率为0%和49.2%(32/65)(P＜0.01).星形细胞瘤Ⅰ级、Ⅱ级和Ⅲ～Ⅳ级组织中,Survivin阳性表达率分别为11.1%(2/18)、40.0%(8/20)、81.5%(22/27)(P=0.000).正常和脑星形细胞瘤组织中P53阳性表达率为0%和41.5%(27/65)(P＜0.05).星形细胞瘤Ⅰ级、Ⅱ级和Ⅲ～Ⅳ级组织中,P53的阳性表达率为0%、45.0%(9/20)、66.7%(18/27)(P=0.000).星形细胞瘤组织中Survivin与P53表达呈正相关(rs=0.481,P＜0.01).结论:survivin的激活与p53的突变在脑星形细胞瘤的发生发展中可能起协同作用.     

Survivin和P53在反应性和肿瘤性星形胶质细胞中的表达及意义

目的 检测Survivin和P53蛋白在星形胶质细胞反应性增生与星形胶质细胞瘤中的表达,探讨二者在胶质瘤形成和发展中的作用及意义.方法 应用组织芯片和免疫组化染色技术检测正常脑组织、星形胶质细胞反应性增生、低级别(Ⅰ～Ⅱ级)和高级别(Ⅲ～Ⅳ级)星形胶质细胞瘤中Survivin和P53蛋白的表达情况.结果 正常脑组织中Survivin和P53蛋白均呈阴性表达;反应性增生组、低级别肿瘤组及高级别肿瘤组中Survivin蛋白的阳性率分别为26.7%(12/45)、53.2%(25/47)、88.1%(37/42);P53蛋白的阳性率分别为23.8%(10/41)、53.7%(22/41)、79.5%(35/44).二者阳性表达率均随着病变程度的加重而升高,Survivin和P53在各实验组间比较均差异显著(P＜0.05);且Survivin和P53表达密切相关(P＜0.01).结论 Survivin和P53在星形胶质细胞反应性增生及星形胶质细胞瘤中均呈不同程度的过度表达,且随着恶性程度的增加其表达水平增高;Survivin扩增和P53突变是胶质瘤发生的早期事件,二者的联合检测可能会为星形胶质细胞反应性增生与低级别胶质细胞瘤的鉴别诊断以及星形胶质细胞瘤的早期诊断提供一定的依据.     

凋亡抑制蛋白FLIP在脑星形细胞瘤中的表达和意义

目的 :检测脑星形细胞瘤中凋亡抑制蛋白FLIP的表达 ,并进而揭示其在肿瘤发生发展中的意义 .方法 :采用免疫组织化学技术和蛋白印迹技术 ,分析 4 8例星形细胞瘤 (其中Ⅰ级 1 4例 ,Ⅱ级 1 8例 ,Ⅲ级 1 0例 ,Ⅳ级 6例 )标本和 1 0例颅脑损伤标本中FLIP蛋白的表达 ,并对不同级别星形细胞瘤中该蛋白的表达进行统计学比较 .结果 :低级别星形细胞瘤与高级别星形细胞瘤中FLIP的表达水平有显著差异(P <0 .0 1 ) .结论 :FLIP的表达水平与星形细胞瘤恶性程度密切相关 ,这可能为阐明星形细胞瘤恶性进展的分子机制 ,并为探索其有效治疗办法提供新的思路     

P16、P27蛋白在骨巨细胞瘤中的表达

目的 :探讨抑癌基因 P16、P2 7在骨巨细胞瘤 (GCT)中的蛋白表达特点及其在骨巨细胞瘤发生中的意义。方法 :应用 SABC免疫组织化学方法检测 P16、P2 7蛋白在 5 1例骨巨细胞瘤中的表达。结果 :P16和 P2 7蛋白的阳性表达均定位于骨巨细胞瘤的基质细胞的细胞核和细胞质内。在骨巨细胞瘤 级、 级、 级中 P16蛋白的阳性表达率依次为 6 4 .3%、2 2 .2 %、2 1.1% ,P2 7蛋白的阳性表达率依次为 5 7.1%、2 7.8%、15 .6 %。 P16和 P2 7蛋白在骨巨细胞瘤 I级中的阳性表达率均显著高于 级和 级 (均为 P<0 .0 5 )。结论 :P16、P2 7基因在骨巨细胞瘤的发生发展中起重要作用。     

eNOS及MIB-1在幕上星形细胞瘤中的表达及意义

目的：探讨内皮型一氧化氮合成酶(eNOS)、细胞增殖标记物MIB-1在幕上星形细胞瘤的表达及相互关系,明确它们在星形细胞瘤病理机制中的作用．方法：采用免疫组织化学技术．检测5例正常脑组织及47例幕上星形细胞瘤手术切除标本中的eNOS和MIB-1表达,观察表达结果与肿瘤生物学特性之间的关系．结果：eNOS在正常脑组织无表达．在低度恶性星形细胞瘤(Ⅰ,Ⅱ)中,eNOS轻度染色15例,中度染色11例．在恶性星形细胞瘤(Ⅲ)中,轻度染色1例,中度染色6例,高度染色2例．高度恶性星形细胞瘤(Ⅳ)中,中度染色2例,高度染色10例．MIB-1阳性细胞计数在低度恶性星形细胞瘤为2．1,恶性星形细胞瘤为8．9,高度恶性星形细胞瘤为24．5,正常脑组织无表达．在eNOS表达轻度、中度、高度3级别中,MIB-1阳性细胞记数分别为2．23,6．29和20．40．结论：eNOS在星形细胞瘤血管内皮细胞的表达与组织病理学分级及肿瘤细胞增殖潜能密切相关．     

Value of D-Dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection

Objective: To evaluatel the value of D-dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection (AAD). Methods: This study consisted of 16 patients with AAD and 27 non-AAD patients. Serum D-dimets were measured by Sta-Liatest D-DI immunoturbidimetric assay. Results: D-dimer level was higher (P ＜ 0.001) in patients with AAD(7.91 ± 5.52 μg/ml) than that in non- AAD group(1.57±1.24 μg/ml). D-dimer was positive (＞0.4 μg/ml) in all patients with AAD and in 10 control group patients (37%). Among patients with acute AAD, D-dimers tended to be higher in Stanford A than in Stanford B (8.67 ± 4.31 μg/ml vs. 3.24±1.27 μg/ml, P ＜0.01). D-dimer values tended to be higher in more extended disease(3.84 ± 1.65 μg/ml, 8.57 ± 3.58 μg/ml and 11.87 ± 5.69 μg/ml in thoracic aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta and iliacal arteries, respectively, P ＜ 0.05 for both 8.57 ± 3.58 and 11.87 ± 5.69 vs. 3.84 ± 1.65 ). Including the control group into the analysis, we found a sensitivity of 100%, a negative predictive value of 100%, and a specificity of 66% and a positive predictive value of 64% for D-dimer in diagnosis of AAD in our patients with suspected AAD. Conclusion: D-dimer was elevated in patients with AAD. A negative D-dimer test result could be useful in excluding AAD.     

Research of combined liver-kidney transplantation model in rats

Objective： To set up a simple and reliable rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation. Methods： SD rats served as both donors and recipients. 4℃ sodium lactate Ringer＇s was infused from portal veins to donated livers,and from abdominal aorta to donated kidneys, respectively. Anastomosis of the portal vein and the inferior vena cava （IVC） inferior to the right kidney between the graft and the recipient was performed by a double cuff method, then the superior hepatic vena cava with suture. A patch of donated renal artery was anastomosed to the recipient abdominal aorta. The urethra and bile duct were reconstructed with a simple inside bracket. Results： Among 65 cases of combined liver-kidney transplantation, the success rate in the late 40 cases was 77.5%. The function of the grafted liver and kidney remained normal. Conclusion： This rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation can be established in common laboratory conditions with high success rate and meet the needs of renal transplantation experiment.     

BLOOD PRESSURE CHANGE WITH AGE IN SALT-SENSITIVE TEENAGERS

Objective To observe blood pressure change with age in salt-sensitive teenagers whose salt sensitivity were determined by repeated testing.Methods Salt sensitivity was determined through intravenous infusion of normal saline combined with volume-depletion by oral diuretic furosemide in 55 teenagers. After five years, salt sensitivity was re-examined and subject blood pressure was followed up. Blood pressure changes in salt-sensitive teenagers were compared to that of non-salt sensitive teenagers over five years.Results After 5 years, the repetition rate of salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading is 92.7%. In teenagers with salt sensitivity on the baseline, both the systolic blood pressure increments and increment rates were much higher than non-salt sensitive teenagers (12.7±12.1 mmHg vs. 2.8±5.2 mmHg, P＜ 0.01; 12.2%± 12.0% vs. 2.5% ±4.4%, P＜ 0.001,respectively). There was a similar trend for diastolic blood pressure (8.4 ± 6.4 mmHg vs. 3.7 ± 6.4 mmHg, P = 0.052; 13.2% ±10.6 % vs. 6.8%± 10.1%, P = 0.053, respectively).Conclusions Salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading showed good reproducibility. Blood pressure increments with age were much higher in salt-sensitive teenagers than non-salt sensitive teenagers, especially in terms of systolic blood pressure.     

安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术后生活质量影响的研究

目的：评价使用安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术（PPCI）术后生活质量的影响.方法：将160例接受PPCI的急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者随机分为安心颗粒组（术前顿服安心颗粒8.8g,术后安心颗粒4.4 g/次,每日2次）和对照组（仅接受基础药物治疗）.所有患者均服用阿司匹林、氯吡格雷和阿托伐他汀.分别在入院时、出院前1d、出院后180 d时,应用心肌梗死多维度量表（MIDAS）、中文版SF-36评价量表对患者生活质量评分.并观察术后30 d以内的出血并发症、血小板减少症发生情况.结果：入院时和出院前1d,两组患者的心肌梗死MIDAS、SF-36量表评分比较无差异（P＞0.05）;出院后180 d时,与对照组比较,安心颗粒组MIDAS、SF-36评分明显减低（P＜0.05）;组内与入院时比较,两组出院前1d、出院后180 d时,MIDAS、SF-36评分均降低（P＜0.05）.两组患者在随访期间均无大量出血、少量出血、重度和极重度血小板减少症发生,安心颗粒组有4例、对照组有7例发生不明显出血（P＞0.05）.两组发生轻度血小板减少症的患者数比较无差异（P＞0.05）.结论：PPCI使用安心颗粒,能改善急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者的生活质量,且不增加出血风险.     

The comparative studies of the influences of Urapidil and Nicardipine on sino-atrial node function, atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics

Objective:To investigate the influences of urapidil and nicardipine on rabbit sinus function,atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics.Methods:Thirty-two Angora's rabbits were selected and randomly divided into four groups.U1 group:urapidil 0.25 mg/kg;U2 group:urapidil 0.5 mg/kg;N1 group:nicardipine 10 μg/kg;N2 group:nicardipine 20 μg/kg.All these medicine were administrated within 30 seconds.Measurements were taken before and after the administration of urapidil or nicardipine for the following data:mean blood pressure(MAP),heart rate(HR),sino-atrial conduction time(SACT),maximal sinoatrial recovery time(SNRTmax)corrected sinus node recovery time(CSNRT),index of sinus node recovery time(SNRTI),Wenckebach A-V conduction frequency (WB),and P-R interval.Results:Significant MAP and HR changes were identified in all of the four groups before and after administration of both urapidil and nicardipine.No significant changes could be found in the rest of the parameters.Intergroup analysis showed that SACT and CSNRT of N1 and N2 groups were shorter than those of the U2 group(P＜0.01);the MAP decreased(P＜0.01)and the HR increased drastically(P＜0.01).Conclusions:Neither urapidil(0.25 mg/kg,0.5 mg/kg)nor nicardipine(10μg/kg,20μg/kg)has any significant influence on rabbit sinus function or rabbit atrio-ventricular node function.Nicardipine could be a better choice than urapidil for parafunctional sinus node patients.     

Expression of OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the patients of hip fracture due to osteoporosis

Objective：To investigate the gene expression of osteoprotegerin（OPG） and osteoclast differentiation factor（ODF） in the bone tissue of patients with hip fracture due to osteoporosis. Methods：OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the bone tissue in 50 cases of osteoporosis sufferers（over 50 years old） with hip fracture（Observer Group） and 30 cases of hip facture sufferers with no osteoporosis（Control group） were analyzed with the Semi-Quantitative RT-PCR method. Results：The mRNA expressed of ODF, OPG were both high in the patients with hip fracture. In the control group, the expression of OPG mRNA was observed, while the expression of ODF mRNA was very slight. Conclusion：Aged patients contained all signals including OPG, ODF that are essential for inducing osteoclastogenesis and promoting bone resorption.     

The clinicopathological and immuohistochemical analysis of solid-pseudopapillary tumor of the pancreas： report of 9 cases

Objective：To investigate the clinical features, pathological characteristics and immunophenotype of solid-pseudopapillary tumor of the pancreas（SPTP）. Methods：Nine surgically treated cases of SPTP were retrospectively reviewed. Hematoxylin and Eosin（HE） staining and immunohistochemical staining were used to analyze all cases, and the general clinical data was collected. Results：Six patients were asymptomatic except for a palpable mass. Two patients complained of vague-epigastric pain. One patient appeared jaundice. The tumor was encapsulated and solid tissues alternately with cystic tissues. Histologically, the histological structure of solid portion was pseudopapillary with a fibrovascular core. Tumor cells were uniform and medium-sized which were arranged in sheets ets or nests or pseudopapillary patterns. Immunohistochemical studies demonstrated that SPTP proved positive in vimentin（9/9 cases）, AAT（9/9 cases）, NSE（9/9 cases）, ACT（7/9 cases）, CK20（2/9 cases）, CgA（1/9 cases）, S-100（3/gcases）, PR（4/gcases）, Syn（3/9 cases） and CD56（5/9cases）, negative in CEA and ER. Conclusion：SPTP is a tumor predominantly occurring in young women frequently without special symptoms. This tumor has various characteristical histological patterns with different immunophenotype.     

Dynamic Changes in Serum Estradiol and Progesterone levels in Patients of Premenstrual Syndrome with Adverse Flow of Liver-qi

Objective:To probe into the influence of changes of ovarian hormones on the pathogenesis of the specific sub-type premenstrual syndrome(PMS)and reveal partial microcosmic mechanisms of adverse flow of liver-qi.Methods:Estradiol(E2)and progesterone(P)levels in serum were determined at different phases of menstrual cycle by radioimmunoassay.Results:In the group of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.the secretive peak value Of E2 and P at the follicular phase significantly decreased,and the secretive peak value at the luteal phase did not come into being.Conclusions:Low E2 and P secretive peak at the follicular phase and absence of secretive peak at the luteal phase is one of the microcosmic mechanisms of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.One of the pathophysiologic mechanisms of specific sub-type PMS is probably the continuous low level of E2and P.     

Real-time Three-dimensional Echocardiography in Assessment of Left Ventricular and Right Ventricular Volumes

Real-time three-dimensional echocardiography (RT3DE)is a new ultrasound technique that enables dynamic threedimensional visualization and quantification of the heart in real time. Investigation of feasibility and methodology of RT3DE in determining left ventricular (LV) and right ventricular (RV) volumes, RT3DE was performed in 35 normal adults using Philips SONOS 7500 system with a 2-4 MHz matrix array transducer. The 60°×60° "pyramid" volume database was obtained and analyzed on a TomTec echo workstation. Both LV and RV volumes were calculated with four 3DE methods (i.e. apical 2, 4, 8, and 16-plane) through manually tracing ventricular endocardial borders in end diastole and end systole. Stroke volumes were then calculated. LV volume was also measured by 2DE Simpson's rule using GE VIVID 7 ultrasound machine.     

SCREENING FOR A 21-CHROMOSOME ABNORMALITY IN PREIMPLANTED EMBRYOS OF ELDERLY WOMEN

Increasing maternal age is the only etiological factor unequivocally linked to Down's syndrome in humans. The occurrence rate of newborns with Down's syndrome is about 1/220 in women over 35 years old. However, the occurrence rate in embryos fertilized in vitro, of the elder woman is unclear. Using FISH we screened the number of chromosome 21 in preimplanted embryos of 5 elderly women (average age, 38.4 years) to study the feasibility and necessity of screening trisomy 21 in embryos in patients over 35 years old at the in vitro fertilization (IVF) center.