吉非替尼一线治疗EGFR突变型非小细胞肺癌老年患者的临床研究

目的 :探讨吉非替尼一线治疗EGFR突变型非小细胞肺癌(NSCLC)老年患者的疗效和安全性。方法:纳入化疗无效的ⅢB-Ⅳ期EGFR突变型非小细胞肺癌老年患者60例,并给予吉非替尼直至病变进展或出现不可耐受的不良反应,主要终点为缓解率,次要终点为是生存期,安全和生活质量。结果:给予吉非替尼一线治疗12周后,患者的总缓解率为70%(95%CI 45.7%~88.1%),疾病控制率为90%(95%CI为68.3%~98.7%)。中位无进展生存期和总生存时间分别为10.0和26.4个月。与治疗前比较,患者总体状况评分显著改善(P<0.05),其中社会状况则无显著性差异(P>0.05),而情感状况、身体状况、功能状况及附加状况均有显著性差异(P<0.05)。治疗期间常见的不良事件为皮疹和肝功能障碍,未发生治疗相关性死亡。结论:吉非替尼一线治疗EGFR突变型NSCLC老年患者安全可行。     

吉非替尼治疗晚期非小细胞肺癌的临床分析

目的 观察吉非替尼治疗晚期非小细胞肺癌(NSCLC)的临床疗效及安全性.方法 回顾性分析30例接受吉非替尼治疗的NSCLC患者的临床资料,评估其临床疗效及不良反应的发生情况.结果 30例入组患者中,1例达到CR,8例PR,12例SD,9例PD,有效率为30％(9/30),疾病控制率70％(21/30);皮疹发生率为43.3％(13/30),腹泻发生率为16.7％(5/30),均为Ⅰ～Ⅱ.结论 吉非替尼治疗晚期NSCLC有较好的疗效,安全性高.     

112例老年晚期非小细胞肺癌病人一线应用EGFR-TKIs的疗效及安全性观察

目的：观察在晚期老年非小细胞肺癌患者中一线应用EGFR－TKIs靶向治疗药物的疗效及安全性。方法选取70岁以上晚期非小细胞肺癌患者共112例,应用吉非替尼（250 mg 1次／d口服）68例,应用厄洛替尼（150 mg 1次／d口服）15例,应用埃可替尼（125 mg 3次／d口服）29例。观察患者接受EGFR－TKIs治疗的疗效、不良反应及无进展生存期（ PFS）。结果112例患者接受EGFR－TKIs治疗,共109例完成治疗,本组无CR病例,26例患者获得PR,42例患者疗效为SD,41例患者PD,有效率（ORR）23．8％,疾病控制率（DCR）62．4％。3例不能耐受而中止用药。全组患者中位无进展生存期（ mPFS）为6．0个月。吉非替尼、厄洛替尼、埃可替尼各组间疗效无明显差异,P＞0．05。结论晚期老年非小细胞肺癌患者应用EGFR－TKIs靶向治疗药物安全有效,不良反应轻微,可耐受。吉非替尼、厄洛替尼、埃可替尼疗效无明显差异。     

埃克替尼一线治疗EGFR敏感突变晚期非小细胞肺癌的临床观察

目的:观察埃克替尼一线治疗晚期非小细胞肺癌表皮生长因子受体(EGFR)敏感性突变患者的疗效及毒副反应。方法:22例接受盐酸埃克替尼治疗的EGFR敏感性突变的NSCLC患者,口服埃克替尼125 mg,3次/d,持续至疾病进展或不良反应无法耐受,评价近期疗效及毒副反应。结果:22例患者中19外显子缺失突变9例,21外显子L858R点突变13例,客观缓解率59.1%,疾病控制率72.7%,中位无进展生存期7.77个月;主要不良反应为皮疹和腹泻,多为Ⅰ~Ⅱ级。结论:盐酸埃克替尼一线治疗EGFR敏感性突变的NSCLC患者疗效较好,不良反应轻。     

榄香烯联合吉非替尼治疗晚期非小细胞肺癌疗效与安全性研究

目的:探讨榄香烯联合吉非替尼一线治疗晚期EGFR敏感突变型非小细胞肺癌的疗效与安全性。方法:研究纳入54例ⅢB/Ⅳ期经组织学确诊为非小细胞肺癌(NSCLC)且EGFR基因检测为敏感突变型的患者,随机分为观察组及对照组各27例。分别接受单药吉非替尼250 mg/d和榄香烯联合吉非替尼250 mg/d治疗。观察比较两组患者临床疗效、临床症候变化、免疫功能及安全性。结果:联合治疗组PFS(P=0.045)与OS(P=0.016)较对照组显著延长,两组ORR(P=0.272)及DCR(P=0.305)均无显著性差异;同时,联合治疗组在改善气短、乏力及免疫功能方面均优于对照组(P0.05);两组患者在毒副反应方面无显著性差异(P0.05)。结论:榄香烯联合吉非替尼治疗晚期EGFR敏感突变型NSCLC疗效较好,并能有效改善临床症状及免疫功能,安全性好,依从性较高。     

厄洛替尼挽救治疗吉非替尼治疗失败的晚期非小细胞肺癌疗效观察

目的 评价厄洛替尼作为挽救方案治疗吉非替尼治疗失败的晚期非小细胞肺癌的疗效及不良反应.方法 回顾性分析2005年12月至2009年11月吉非替尼治疗进展后接受厄洛替尼治疗的晚期非小细胞肺癌患者.观察的主要指标为:客观有效率(RR)、疾病控制率(DCR)、疾病无进展生存时间(PFS)、总生存时间(OS)及不良反应.结果 随访至2010年6月,共有22例患者符合入组条件.22例患者均可接受疗效及生存评价,其中部分缓解(PR)2例,稳定(SD)12例,进展(PD)8例,RR为9.1%,DCR为63.6%,中位为PFS 3.0个月,OS为5.5个月.4例患者检测了表皮生长因子受体(EGFR)突变,2例有突变,2例无突变,全部患者均得到疾病控制.1例男性吸烟腺癌合并颅内转移患者原发无效给予厄洛替尼治疗后颅内病灶达到CR.亚组分析显示:吉非替尼治疗疗效SD者DCR显著提高(90% vs 58.3%,P=0.031),其RR、PFS及OS分别为20%、3.0个月及5.5个月.Ⅲ/Ⅳ度不良反应主要是皮疹1/22(4.5%)、肝功能损害1/22(4.5%)及肺间质纤维化1/22(4.5%).结论 吉非替尼治疗失败后的晚期非小细胞肺癌给予厄洛替尼挽救治疗具有较好的临床获益率,其中吉非替尼治疗疗效SD患者显著提高疾病控制率.     

吉非替尼靶向治疗晚期非小细胞肺癌临床观察

目的总结吉非替尼靶向治疗晚期NSCLC(非小细胞肺癌)的临床疗效.方法 选择2010年6月~2012年8月期间在我院接受治疗的70例铂类化疗无效的晚期非小细胞肺癌患者患者为研究对象,给予吉非替尼治疗,剂量为250mg/d,持续服药3个月,观察患者治疗效果以及不良反应.结果 70例晚期NSCLC患者治疗后,总有效率为38.57%,临床疾病控制率70.00%;ⅢB期疗效优于Ⅳ期,但差异不显著(P>0.05);腺癌疗效明显优于鳞癌,差异明显(P<0.05);主要不良反应为皮疹、腹泻、恶心和溃疡等,但未影响抗肿瘤治疗.结论 对于化疗无法控制病情的晚期非小细胞肺癌患者的治疗方案首选吉非替尼,能取得满意的疗效且安全耐受.     

盐酸埃克替尼治疗EGFR突变状态明确的晚期非小细胞肺癌的临床观察

目的:探讨EGFR突变状态检查明确的晚期非小细胞肺癌患者应用盐酸埃克替尼治疗的效果与安全性.方法:选取2013~2016年收治的EGFR基因突变状态确定的晚期非小细胞肺癌患者90例,随机平均分为两组,观察组选择埃克替尼治疗,对照组选择吉非替尼治疗.结果:治疗6周后两组患者的疾病有效率与疾病控制率不存在明显差异(P>0.05).两组患者疾病进展时间无显著差异(P>0.05),观察组患者平均生存时间相比对照组明显延长(P<0.05).两组患者均无严重毒副反应,不良反应发生率无显著差异(P>0.05).结论:盐酸埃克替尼治疗EGFR明确基因突变状态的非小细胞肺癌患者,能够取得与进口吉非替尼相近的临床治疗效果,还可以相对延长生存时间,安全性较好,疗效可以肯定.     

肺金生方联合吉非替尼治疗晚期非小细胞肺癌的临床疗效

目的 观察肺金生方加减与EGFR-TKIs联合治疗晚期非小细胞肺癌的临床疗效.方法 选取2016年10月至2018年12月在浙江中医药大学附属第二医院就诊的90例EGFR突变晚期非小细胞肺癌患者随机分为治疗组(46例)和对照组(44例).对照组给予吉非替尼靶向药物治疗,治疗组给予吉非替尼靶向药物联合肺金生方治疗,服药后...     

吉非替尼治疗不同EGFR突变类型非小细胞肺癌患者的疗效比较

目的 观察吉非替尼治疗不同表皮生长因子受体(EGFR)突变类型非小细胞肺癌(NSCLC)患者的效果,并评价其安全性.方法 选取我院2014年1月至2016年1月收治的54例EGFR突变型NSCLC患者,其中外显子19缺失者(19突变组)31例,外显子21L858R缺失者(21突变组)23例,所有患者均予以口服吉非替尼治疗,直至患者病情进展或出现不可耐受的毒副作用而停药,比较不同突变类型患者的临床疗效及不良反应情况.结果 19突变组患者中位无疾病进展生存期(PFS)为9.0个月(95%CI 8.09~9.91个月),较21突变组患者的6.8个月(95%CI 6.48~7.12个月)延长,差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05);19突变组患者的中位总生存期(OS)为15.2个月(95%CI 14.48~15.92个月),较21突变组患者的12.3个月(95%CI 7.89~16.70个月)延长,差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05).皮疹及腹泻为最常见不良反应,但总体上两组不良反应差异无统计学意义(P>0.05).结论 EGFR基因外显子19突变者经吉非替尼治疗显著有效,提示该突变可能预测NSCLC患者对吉非替尼疗效.     

Value of D-Dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection

Objective: To evaluatel the value of D-dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection (AAD). Methods: This study consisted of 16 patients with AAD and 27 non-AAD patients. Serum D-dimets were measured by Sta-Liatest D-DI immunoturbidimetric assay. Results: D-dimer level was higher (P ＜ 0.001) in patients with AAD(7.91 ± 5.52 μg/ml) than that in non- AAD group(1.57±1.24 μg/ml). D-dimer was positive (＞0.4 μg/ml) in all patients with AAD and in 10 control group patients (37%). Among patients with acute AAD, D-dimers tended to be higher in Stanford A than in Stanford B (8.67 ± 4.31 μg/ml vs. 3.24±1.27 μg/ml, P ＜0.01). D-dimer values tended to be higher in more extended disease(3.84 ± 1.65 μg/ml, 8.57 ± 3.58 μg/ml and 11.87 ± 5.69 μg/ml in thoracic aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta and iliacal arteries, respectively, P ＜ 0.05 for both 8.57 ± 3.58 and 11.87 ± 5.69 vs. 3.84 ± 1.65 ). Including the control group into the analysis, we found a sensitivity of 100%, a negative predictive value of 100%, and a specificity of 66% and a positive predictive value of 64% for D-dimer in diagnosis of AAD in our patients with suspected AAD. Conclusion: D-dimer was elevated in patients with AAD. A negative D-dimer test result could be useful in excluding AAD.     

Research of combined liver-kidney transplantation model in rats

Objective： To set up a simple and reliable rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation. Methods： SD rats served as both donors and recipients. 4℃ sodium lactate Ringer＇s was infused from portal veins to donated livers,and from abdominal aorta to donated kidneys, respectively. Anastomosis of the portal vein and the inferior vena cava （IVC） inferior to the right kidney between the graft and the recipient was performed by a double cuff method, then the superior hepatic vena cava with suture. A patch of donated renal artery was anastomosed to the recipient abdominal aorta. The urethra and bile duct were reconstructed with a simple inside bracket. Results： Among 65 cases of combined liver-kidney transplantation, the success rate in the late 40 cases was 77.5%. The function of the grafted liver and kidney remained normal. Conclusion： This rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation can be established in common laboratory conditions with high success rate and meet the needs of renal transplantation experiment.     

BLOOD PRESSURE CHANGE WITH AGE IN SALT-SENSITIVE TEENAGERS

Objective To observe blood pressure change with age in salt-sensitive teenagers whose salt sensitivity were determined by repeated testing.Methods Salt sensitivity was determined through intravenous infusion of normal saline combined with volume-depletion by oral diuretic furosemide in 55 teenagers. After five years, salt sensitivity was re-examined and subject blood pressure was followed up. Blood pressure changes in salt-sensitive teenagers were compared to that of non-salt sensitive teenagers over five years.Results After 5 years, the repetition rate of salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading is 92.7%. In teenagers with salt sensitivity on the baseline, both the systolic blood pressure increments and increment rates were much higher than non-salt sensitive teenagers (12.7±12.1 mmHg vs. 2.8±5.2 mmHg, P＜ 0.01; 12.2%± 12.0% vs. 2.5% ±4.4%, P＜ 0.001,respectively). There was a similar trend for diastolic blood pressure (8.4 ± 6.4 mmHg vs. 3.7 ± 6.4 mmHg, P = 0.052; 13.2% ±10.6 % vs. 6.8%± 10.1%, P = 0.053, respectively).Conclusions Salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading showed good reproducibility. Blood pressure increments with age were much higher in salt-sensitive teenagers than non-salt sensitive teenagers, especially in terms of systolic blood pressure.     

安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术后生活质量影响的研究

目的：评价使用安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术（PPCI）术后生活质量的影响.方法：将160例接受PPCI的急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者随机分为安心颗粒组（术前顿服安心颗粒8.8g,术后安心颗粒4.4 g/次,每日2次）和对照组（仅接受基础药物治疗）.所有患者均服用阿司匹林、氯吡格雷和阿托伐他汀.分别在入院时、出院前1d、出院后180 d时,应用心肌梗死多维度量表（MIDAS）、中文版SF-36评价量表对患者生活质量评分.并观察术后30 d以内的出血并发症、血小板减少症发生情况.结果：入院时和出院前1d,两组患者的心肌梗死MIDAS、SF-36量表评分比较无差异（P＞0.05）;出院后180 d时,与对照组比较,安心颗粒组MIDAS、SF-36评分明显减低（P＜0.05）;组内与入院时比较,两组出院前1d、出院后180 d时,MIDAS、SF-36评分均降低（P＜0.05）.两组患者在随访期间均无大量出血、少量出血、重度和极重度血小板减少症发生,安心颗粒组有4例、对照组有7例发生不明显出血（P＞0.05）.两组发生轻度血小板减少症的患者数比较无差异（P＞0.05）.结论：PPCI使用安心颗粒,能改善急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者的生活质量,且不增加出血风险.     

The comparative studies of the influences of Urapidil and Nicardipine on sino-atrial node function, atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics

Objective:To investigate the influences of urapidil and nicardipine on rabbit sinus function,atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics.Methods:Thirty-two Angora's rabbits were selected and randomly divided into four groups.U1 group:urapidil 0.25 mg/kg;U2 group:urapidil 0.5 mg/kg;N1 group:nicardipine 10 μg/kg;N2 group:nicardipine 20 μg/kg.All these medicine were administrated within 30 seconds.Measurements were taken before and after the administration of urapidil or nicardipine for the following data:mean blood pressure(MAP),heart rate(HR),sino-atrial conduction time(SACT),maximal sinoatrial recovery time(SNRTmax)corrected sinus node recovery time(CSNRT),index of sinus node recovery time(SNRTI),Wenckebach A-V conduction frequency (WB),and P-R interval.Results:Significant MAP and HR changes were identified in all of the four groups before and after administration of both urapidil and nicardipine.No significant changes could be found in the rest of the parameters.Intergroup analysis showed that SACT and CSNRT of N1 and N2 groups were shorter than those of the U2 group(P＜0.01);the MAP decreased(P＜0.01)and the HR increased drastically(P＜0.01).Conclusions:Neither urapidil(0.25 mg/kg,0.5 mg/kg)nor nicardipine(10μg/kg,20μg/kg)has any significant influence on rabbit sinus function or rabbit atrio-ventricular node function.Nicardipine could be a better choice than urapidil for parafunctional sinus node patients.     

Expression of OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the patients of hip fracture due to osteoporosis

Objective：To investigate the gene expression of osteoprotegerin（OPG） and osteoclast differentiation factor（ODF） in the bone tissue of patients with hip fracture due to osteoporosis. Methods：OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the bone tissue in 50 cases of osteoporosis sufferers（over 50 years old） with hip fracture（Observer Group） and 30 cases of hip facture sufferers with no osteoporosis（Control group） were analyzed with the Semi-Quantitative RT-PCR method. Results：The mRNA expressed of ODF, OPG were both high in the patients with hip fracture. In the control group, the expression of OPG mRNA was observed, while the expression of ODF mRNA was very slight. Conclusion：Aged patients contained all signals including OPG, ODF that are essential for inducing osteoclastogenesis and promoting bone resorption.     

Dynamic Changes in Serum Estradiol and Progesterone levels in Patients of Premenstrual Syndrome with Adverse Flow of Liver-qi

Objective:To probe into the influence of changes of ovarian hormones on the pathogenesis of the specific sub-type premenstrual syndrome(PMS)and reveal partial microcosmic mechanisms of adverse flow of liver-qi.Methods:Estradiol(E2)and progesterone(P)levels in serum were determined at different phases of menstrual cycle by radioimmunoassay.Results:In the group of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.the secretive peak value Of E2 and P at the follicular phase significantly decreased,and the secretive peak value at the luteal phase did not come into being.Conclusions:Low E2 and P secretive peak at the follicular phase and absence of secretive peak at the luteal phase is one of the microcosmic mechanisms of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.One of the pathophysiologic mechanisms of specific sub-type PMS is probably the continuous low level of E2and P.     

Real-time Three-dimensional Echocardiography in Assessment of Left Ventricular and Right Ventricular Volumes

Real-time three-dimensional echocardiography (RT3DE)is a new ultrasound technique that enables dynamic threedimensional visualization and quantification of the heart in real time. Investigation of feasibility and methodology of RT3DE in determining left ventricular (LV) and right ventricular (RV) volumes, RT3DE was performed in 35 normal adults using Philips SONOS 7500 system with a 2-4 MHz matrix array transducer. The 60°×60° "pyramid" volume database was obtained and analyzed on a TomTec echo workstation. Both LV and RV volumes were calculated with four 3DE methods (i.e. apical 2, 4, 8, and 16-plane) through manually tracing ventricular endocardial borders in end diastole and end systole. Stroke volumes were then calculated. LV volume was also measured by 2DE Simpson's rule using GE VIVID 7 ultrasound machine.     

SCREENING FOR A 21-CHROMOSOME ABNORMALITY IN PREIMPLANTED EMBRYOS OF ELDERLY WOMEN

Increasing maternal age is the only etiological factor unequivocally linked to Down's syndrome in humans. The occurrence rate of newborns with Down's syndrome is about 1/220 in women over 35 years old. However, the occurrence rate in embryos fertilized in vitro, of the elder woman is unclear. Using FISH we screened the number of chromosome 21 in preimplanted embryos of 5 elderly women (average age, 38.4 years) to study the feasibility and necessity of screening trisomy 21 in embryos in patients over 35 years old at the in vitro fertilization (IVF) center.     

Scientific principles and rigorous processes should be followed in developing clinical guidelines for therapeutic interventions of integrative medicine

A clinical guideline for the therapeutic interventions of integrative medicine may be defined as a written document which states a series of recommendations on therapeutic interventions of integrative medicine for a special disease or condition. The guideline may provide assistance to medical professionals in making clinical decisions aimed at improving the clinical outcome of patients and reducing the costs of medical care（~＇4~. Recommendations issued by a guideline should be based on the best available evidence in both Western and Chinese medicine. For fulfilling this purpose, the development of clinical guidelines for therapeutic interventions in the field of integrative medicine should follow scientific principles and undergo a rigorous processes.