市售海产品副溶血性弧菌污染状况调查

目的了解本地区海产品副溶血性弧菌的污染情况，为预防由海产品引起的细菌性食物中毒及溯源工作提供参考，对结果作统计分析。方法随机抽取市售海产品200份按国家标准GB／T-4789—2003及《卫生防疫细菌检验》闭操作规程进行副溶血性孤菌分离培养及鉴定。结果在200份样品中检出105株副溶血性弧菌，检出率为52．5％。其中鱼类检出率67％，虾类捡出率60％，贝类检出率16％。检出副溶血性弧菌的血清学分型（群），以O3群居多，占19．0％（20／105），其次为O4、O11、O1群，未定群有32株占30．5％，K抗原未栓出细菌性食物中毒常见的O3：K6型流行株。结论本地区海产品副溶血性孤菌存在着严重污染，以O3群居多。     

一起O8∶K21副溶血性弧菌食物中毒调查

目的了解并掌握2018年10月广州市一起由副溶血性弧菌引起的食物中毒的血清分型及耐药性,为食品安全控制及临床治疗提供依据。方法根据GB 4789.7-2013《食品安全国家标准食品微生物学检验副溶血性弧菌检验》和WS/T 81-1996《副溶血性弧菌食物中毒诊断标准及处理原则》,对5株副溶血性弧菌分离株进行生化鉴定、血清分型及药敏试验。结果 5株副溶血性弧菌生化表现一致,血清型均为O8∶K21,药敏分析对14种抗生素反应大致相同,其中对氨苄西林100%耐药。结论经过流行病学调查和实验室检测,最终确认该起食物中毒为一起同血清型副溶血性弧菌引起的食物中毒事件。     

广西贵港市双壳贝类中副溶血性弧菌的分布情况

目的调查贵港市零售双壳贝类中副溶血性弧菌的分布情况及其血清型和毒力基因特征。方法共采集160份双壳贝类样品,采用GB 4789. 7-2013方法进行定性定量研究,对分离得到的菌株进行血清型分型并采用荧光PCR法考察其毒力基因携带情况。结果贝类中副溶血性弧菌检出率和MPN含量下半年三、四季度高于上半年一、二季度;共分离得到105株副溶血性弧菌可区分其O群,49株可区分其K型,O2群菌株最多,占23. 81%;共检测到105株菌tlh基因阳性,2株菌含trh基因(血清型分别为O10∶K18和O11∶KUT)。结论 tlh基因可以用于副溶血性弧菌的检测鉴定,需要进一步加强对副溶血性弧菌毒力基因tdh和trh基因的监测,为贵港市的水产品中副溶血性弧菌引起的食品安全评估提供依据。     

银川市水产品副溶血弧菌病原学特征分析

目的探讨副溶血弧菌(VP)在银川市的流行特点和变异变迁规律,了解该菌是否伴随着沿海地区的变化而呈动态变化,为副溶血弧菌引起疾病和食物中毒的预防提供科学依据。方法采用食品卫生学检验方法GB/T4789.7进行分离、鉴定;应用PCR方法对分离菌株进行耐热直接溶血素(TDH)、耐热直接溶血素相关溶血素(TRH)基因检测。应用脉冲场凝胶电泳(PFGE)分型方法对分离、鉴定的副溶血弧菌进行遗传学分析。结果 166份水产品检出副溶血性弧菌24株,检出率14.46%,其中海产品116份,检出23株,阳性检出率为19.83%,淡水产品50份,检出副溶血性弧菌1株,阳性检出率为2%;所有菌株几乎不携带毒力基因;通过PFGE分子分型,24株菌共分为14个带型,呈现型别多样性。结论银川市海产品副溶血弧菌污染状况较为严重。     

一起由副溶血性弧菌引起食物中毒的实验室检测

目的检测一起食物中毒事件的致病菌。方法运用科玛嘉显色平板分离培养,API20E肠道菌鉴定生化条及生化鉴定系统鉴定。结果在26份样品中有16份检出副溶血性弧菌,检出率为61.54%。结论副溶血性弧菌在科玛嘉弧菌显色平板上呈粉紫色,该起食物中毒事件是由副溶血性弧菌引起。     

太和区熟食中食源性致病菌污染状况调查

目的 了解太和区熟食中沙门菌、志贺菌、金黄色葡萄球菌、致泻性大肠杆茵、副溶血性弧菌的污染及菌相分布状况,为太和区食品中致病菌污染提供本地资料,以及食品卫生监督提供科学依据.方法 依据国标方法,对样本分别进行上述致病菌分离、血清学、生化鉴定.结果 检测肉类熟食240份、凉拌菜100份,共检出致病菌20株,总检出率为59%,烧烤类检出率为50%、酱卤类栓出率为25%、凉菜类检出率为70%,其中沙门菌3株、志贺菌1株、金黄色葡萄球菌9株、致泻性大肠杆菌3株、副溶血性弧菌3株.结论 太和区熟食中存在食源性致病菌污染,3类食品以金黄色萄萄球菌污染最为严重,其次是致泻性大肠杆菌和副溶血性弧菌.     

2008-2010年江门市腹泻病原菌现状调查

目的了解江门市细菌性腹泻病原菌的种类和构成特点,为预防和临床治疗提供科学的参考依据。方法 2008年12月至2010年6月,采集监测点腹泻患者的粪便(或肛拭),分离霍乱弧菌、志贺菌、沙门菌、出血大肠O157:H7、空肠弯曲菌、结肠耶尔森菌、副溶血性弧菌、变形杆菌等10种病原菌,采用传统分离培养法及BD PHOENZX SYSTEM全自动鉴定系统鉴定。结果 1260份标本共分离各类病原菌189株,检出率为15.00%,其中检出金黄色葡萄球菌61株,沙门菌52株,蜡样芽胞杆菌22株,变形杆菌24株,副溶血性弧菌24株,空肠弯曲菌2株,结肠耶尔森菌1株,志贺菌3株,霍乱、出血大肠O157:H7未检出。结论金黄色葡萄球菌、沙门菌是江门市细菌性腹泻的主要病原菌。     

深圳市熟食中食源性致病菌污染状况的调查研究

目的了解深圳市熟食中沙门菌、志贺菌、金黄色葡萄球菌、单增李斯特菌、致泻性大肠杆菌、副溶血性弧菌的污染及菌相分布状况,为深圳市食品中致病菌污染提供本地资料,以及食品卫生监督提供科学依据.方法依据国标方法,采用全自动微生物分析仪,对样本分别进行上述致病菌分离、血清学、生化鉴定.结果检测肉类熟食240份、凉拌菜100份,共检出致病菌20株,总检出率为5.9%,烧烤类检出率为5.0%、酱卤类检出率为2.5%、白切类检出率为10%、凉菜类检出率为7.0%,其中沙门菌3株、志贺菌1株、金黄色葡萄球菌9株、单增李斯特氏菌1株、致泻性大肠杆菌3株、副溶血性弧菌3株.结论深圳市熟食中存在食源性致病菌污染,4类食品以金黄色葡萄球菌污染最为严重,其次是致泻性大肠杆菌和副溶血性弧菌.     

北京海淀区128例细菌性痢疾的病原学研究

目的：明确细菌性痢疾致病菌的种类分布比例，了解海淀区细菌性痢疾的菌群特点。方法：对128例临床诊断细菌性痢疾便标本检测志贺菌属、致泻性大肠埃希菌属、副溶血性弧菌、变形杆菌、沙门菌及金黄色葡萄球菌。结果：128份菌痢病人便标本中共检测出细菌33株，其中，志贺菌属16株，致泻性大肠埃希菌属8株，变形杆菌属5株，副溶血性弧菌属4株，未检出沙门菌及金黄色葡萄球菌。结论：海淀区痢疾患者致病菌以福氏志贺菌较多。     

广州市市售部分海产品致病性弧菌污染情况调查

为了解广州市市售海产品受致病性弧菌污染的情况,我们于１９９８年４月２０日至６月２０日对广州市清平市场等６个肉菜市场随机采集５个种类２００份海产品进行致病性弧菌的检测。检测出副溶血性弧菌２１株,非Ｏ－１群乱弧菌１０株,溶藻弧菌１７株,创伤弧菌１５株,河弧菌２２株,拟态弧菌２株,霍利斯弧菌３株,说明广州市售海产品受一定数量的致病性弧菌污染。     

Value of D-Dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection

Objective: To evaluatel the value of D-dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection (AAD). Methods: This study consisted of 16 patients with AAD and 27 non-AAD patients. Serum D-dimets were measured by Sta-Liatest D-DI immunoturbidimetric assay. Results: D-dimer level was higher (P ＜ 0.001) in patients with AAD(7.91 ± 5.52 μg/ml) than that in non- AAD group(1.57±1.24 μg/ml). D-dimer was positive (＞0.4 μg/ml) in all patients with AAD and in 10 control group patients (37%). Among patients with acute AAD, D-dimers tended to be higher in Stanford A than in Stanford B (8.67 ± 4.31 μg/ml vs. 3.24±1.27 μg/ml, P ＜0.01). D-dimer values tended to be higher in more extended disease(3.84 ± 1.65 μg/ml, 8.57 ± 3.58 μg/ml and 11.87 ± 5.69 μg/ml in thoracic aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta and iliacal arteries, respectively, P ＜ 0.05 for both 8.57 ± 3.58 and 11.87 ± 5.69 vs. 3.84 ± 1.65 ). Including the control group into the analysis, we found a sensitivity of 100%, a negative predictive value of 100%, and a specificity of 66% and a positive predictive value of 64% for D-dimer in diagnosis of AAD in our patients with suspected AAD. Conclusion: D-dimer was elevated in patients with AAD. A negative D-dimer test result could be useful in excluding AAD.     

Research of combined liver-kidney transplantation model in rats

Objective： To set up a simple and reliable rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation. Methods： SD rats served as both donors and recipients. 4℃ sodium lactate Ringer＇s was infused from portal veins to donated livers,and from abdominal aorta to donated kidneys, respectively. Anastomosis of the portal vein and the inferior vena cava （IVC） inferior to the right kidney between the graft and the recipient was performed by a double cuff method, then the superior hepatic vena cava with suture. A patch of donated renal artery was anastomosed to the recipient abdominal aorta. The urethra and bile duct were reconstructed with a simple inside bracket. Results： Among 65 cases of combined liver-kidney transplantation, the success rate in the late 40 cases was 77.5%. The function of the grafted liver and kidney remained normal. Conclusion： This rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation can be established in common laboratory conditions with high success rate and meet the needs of renal transplantation experiment.     

BLOOD PRESSURE CHANGE WITH AGE IN SALT-SENSITIVE TEENAGERS

Objective To observe blood pressure change with age in salt-sensitive teenagers whose salt sensitivity were determined by repeated testing.Methods Salt sensitivity was determined through intravenous infusion of normal saline combined with volume-depletion by oral diuretic furosemide in 55 teenagers. After five years, salt sensitivity was re-examined and subject blood pressure was followed up. Blood pressure changes in salt-sensitive teenagers were compared to that of non-salt sensitive teenagers over five years.Results After 5 years, the repetition rate of salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading is 92.7%. In teenagers with salt sensitivity on the baseline, both the systolic blood pressure increments and increment rates were much higher than non-salt sensitive teenagers (12.7±12.1 mmHg vs. 2.8±5.2 mmHg, P＜ 0.01; 12.2%± 12.0% vs. 2.5% ±4.4%, P＜ 0.001,respectively). There was a similar trend for diastolic blood pressure (8.4 ± 6.4 mmHg vs. 3.7 ± 6.4 mmHg, P = 0.052; 13.2% ±10.6 % vs. 6.8%± 10.1%, P = 0.053, respectively).Conclusions Salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading showed good reproducibility. Blood pressure increments with age were much higher in salt-sensitive teenagers than non-salt sensitive teenagers, especially in terms of systolic blood pressure.     

安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术后生活质量影响的研究

目的：评价使用安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术（PPCI）术后生活质量的影响.方法：将160例接受PPCI的急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者随机分为安心颗粒组（术前顿服安心颗粒8.8g,术后安心颗粒4.4 g/次,每日2次）和对照组（仅接受基础药物治疗）.所有患者均服用阿司匹林、氯吡格雷和阿托伐他汀.分别在入院时、出院前1d、出院后180 d时,应用心肌梗死多维度量表（MIDAS）、中文版SF-36评价量表对患者生活质量评分.并观察术后30 d以内的出血并发症、血小板减少症发生情况.结果：入院时和出院前1d,两组患者的心肌梗死MIDAS、SF-36量表评分比较无差异（P＞0.05）;出院后180 d时,与对照组比较,安心颗粒组MIDAS、SF-36评分明显减低（P＜0.05）;组内与入院时比较,两组出院前1d、出院后180 d时,MIDAS、SF-36评分均降低（P＜0.05）.两组患者在随访期间均无大量出血、少量出血、重度和极重度血小板减少症发生,安心颗粒组有4例、对照组有7例发生不明显出血（P＞0.05）.两组发生轻度血小板减少症的患者数比较无差异（P＞0.05）.结论：PPCI使用安心颗粒,能改善急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者的生活质量,且不增加出血风险.     

The comparative studies of the influences of Urapidil and Nicardipine on sino-atrial node function, atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics

Objective:To investigate the influences of urapidil and nicardipine on rabbit sinus function,atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics.Methods:Thirty-two Angora's rabbits were selected and randomly divided into four groups.U1 group:urapidil 0.25 mg/kg;U2 group:urapidil 0.5 mg/kg;N1 group:nicardipine 10 μg/kg;N2 group:nicardipine 20 μg/kg.All these medicine were administrated within 30 seconds.Measurements were taken before and after the administration of urapidil or nicardipine for the following data:mean blood pressure(MAP),heart rate(HR),sino-atrial conduction time(SACT),maximal sinoatrial recovery time(SNRTmax)corrected sinus node recovery time(CSNRT),index of sinus node recovery time(SNRTI),Wenckebach A-V conduction frequency (WB),and P-R interval.Results:Significant MAP and HR changes were identified in all of the four groups before and after administration of both urapidil and nicardipine.No significant changes could be found in the rest of the parameters.Intergroup analysis showed that SACT and CSNRT of N1 and N2 groups were shorter than those of the U2 group(P＜0.01);the MAP decreased(P＜0.01)and the HR increased drastically(P＜0.01).Conclusions:Neither urapidil(0.25 mg/kg,0.5 mg/kg)nor nicardipine(10μg/kg,20μg/kg)has any significant influence on rabbit sinus function or rabbit atrio-ventricular node function.Nicardipine could be a better choice than urapidil for parafunctional sinus node patients.     

Expression of OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the patients of hip fracture due to osteoporosis

Objective：To investigate the gene expression of osteoprotegerin（OPG） and osteoclast differentiation factor（ODF） in the bone tissue of patients with hip fracture due to osteoporosis. Methods：OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the bone tissue in 50 cases of osteoporosis sufferers（over 50 years old） with hip fracture（Observer Group） and 30 cases of hip facture sufferers with no osteoporosis（Control group） were analyzed with the Semi-Quantitative RT-PCR method. Results：The mRNA expressed of ODF, OPG were both high in the patients with hip fracture. In the control group, the expression of OPG mRNA was observed, while the expression of ODF mRNA was very slight. Conclusion：Aged patients contained all signals including OPG, ODF that are essential for inducing osteoclastogenesis and promoting bone resorption.     

The clinicopathological and immuohistochemical analysis of solid-pseudopapillary tumor of the pancreas： report of 9 cases

Objective：To investigate the clinical features, pathological characteristics and immunophenotype of solid-pseudopapillary tumor of the pancreas（SPTP）. Methods：Nine surgically treated cases of SPTP were retrospectively reviewed. Hematoxylin and Eosin（HE） staining and immunohistochemical staining were used to analyze all cases, and the general clinical data was collected. Results：Six patients were asymptomatic except for a palpable mass. Two patients complained of vague-epigastric pain. One patient appeared jaundice. The tumor was encapsulated and solid tissues alternately with cystic tissues. Histologically, the histological structure of solid portion was pseudopapillary with a fibrovascular core. Tumor cells were uniform and medium-sized which were arranged in sheets ets or nests or pseudopapillary patterns. Immunohistochemical studies demonstrated that SPTP proved positive in vimentin（9/9 cases）, AAT（9/9 cases）, NSE（9/9 cases）, ACT（7/9 cases）, CK20（2/9 cases）, CgA（1/9 cases）, S-100（3/gcases）, PR（4/gcases）, Syn（3/9 cases） and CD56（5/9cases）, negative in CEA and ER. Conclusion：SPTP is a tumor predominantly occurring in young women frequently without special symptoms. This tumor has various characteristical histological patterns with different immunophenotype.     

Dynamic Changes in Serum Estradiol and Progesterone levels in Patients of Premenstrual Syndrome with Adverse Flow of Liver-qi

Objective:To probe into the influence of changes of ovarian hormones on the pathogenesis of the specific sub-type premenstrual syndrome(PMS)and reveal partial microcosmic mechanisms of adverse flow of liver-qi.Methods:Estradiol(E2)and progesterone(P)levels in serum were determined at different phases of menstrual cycle by radioimmunoassay.Results:In the group of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.the secretive peak value Of E2 and P at the follicular phase significantly decreased,and the secretive peak value at the luteal phase did not come into being.Conclusions:Low E2 and P secretive peak at the follicular phase and absence of secretive peak at the luteal phase is one of the microcosmic mechanisms of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.One of the pathophysiologic mechanisms of specific sub-type PMS is probably the continuous low level of E2and P.     

Real-time Three-dimensional Echocardiography in Assessment of Left Ventricular and Right Ventricular Volumes

Real-time three-dimensional echocardiography (RT3DE)is a new ultrasound technique that enables dynamic threedimensional visualization and quantification of the heart in real time. Investigation of feasibility and methodology of RT3DE in determining left ventricular (LV) and right ventricular (RV) volumes, RT3DE was performed in 35 normal adults using Philips SONOS 7500 system with a 2-4 MHz matrix array transducer. The 60°×60° "pyramid" volume database was obtained and analyzed on a TomTec echo workstation. Both LV and RV volumes were calculated with four 3DE methods (i.e. apical 2, 4, 8, and 16-plane) through manually tracing ventricular endocardial borders in end diastole and end systole. Stroke volumes were then calculated. LV volume was also measured by 2DE Simpson's rule using GE VIVID 7 ultrasound machine.     

SCREENING FOR A 21-CHROMOSOME ABNORMALITY IN PREIMPLANTED EMBRYOS OF ELDERLY WOMEN

Increasing maternal age is the only etiological factor unequivocally linked to Down's syndrome in humans. The occurrence rate of newborns with Down's syndrome is about 1/220 in women over 35 years old. However, the occurrence rate in embryos fertilized in vitro, of the elder woman is unclear. Using FISH we screened the number of chromosome 21 in preimplanted embryos of 5 elderly women (average age, 38.4 years) to study the feasibility and necessity of screening trisomy 21 in embryos in patients over 35 years old at the in vitro fertilization (IVF) center.