Health risk behaviours, awareness, treatment and control of hypertension among rural community people in Thailand

This cross-sectional study aimed to assess health risk behaviours, prevalence, awareness, treatment, and control of hypertension and associated factors among Thai rural community people. 527 people, aged 35-60 years, were randomly sampled and interviewed. Two blood pressure (BP) measurements were assessed by standardized protocol. Hypertension was defined as a mean systolic BP > or = 140 mmHg or diastolic BP > or = 90 mmHg. 76.9% lacked regular exercise, 28.5% were current alcohol drinkers, and 23.7% were current smokers. The prevalence of hypertension was 17.8%. Among the hypertensive cases, 64.9% (61/94) were aware of their high BP, 42.6% (26/61) were treated, and 42.3% (11/26) achieved BP control (< 140/ 90 mmHg). Multiple logistic regression analysis indicated four variables significantly associated with hypertension: age > 40 years (adjusted OR = 4.20, 95% CI 1.93-9.11), married status (adjusted OR = 0.48, 95% CI 0.26-0.89), family history of hypertension (adjusted OR = 2.39, 95% CI 1.40-4.07), and BMI > 23.0 kg/m2 (adjusted OR = 3.41, 95% CI 1.80-6.45). Lifestyle modification programs are needed to prevent hypertension.     

德清农村居民糖尿病和高血压共患病率及其危险因素

  目的  了解德清农村居民糖尿病和高血压共患病情况并探究其危险因素。  方法  采用横断面研究，在浙江省德清县随机整群抽取8个乡镇作为研究现场，共调查29 306名成人居民。调查内容包括:人口学信息、社会经济学特征、行为和生活方式、慢性病家族史，进行血压、血糖的测量。  结果  在研究人群中，2型糖尿病患病率为3.34%，高血压患病率为28.72%，其中2.01%人群共患糖尿病和高血压，共患率在70~79岁均达到较高水平。无序多元Logistics回归结果显示:糖尿病家族史(OR=4.94，95%CI:3.24~7.54，P < 0.001)、拥有伴侣(OR=2.17，95%CI:1.18~4.00，P=0.013)是仅糖尿病患病的可能危险因素，体重指数(body mass index，BMI) < 24 kg/m2(OR=0.48，95%CI:0.39~0.59，P < 0.001)是糖尿病的可能保护因素；BMI < 24 kg/m2(OR=0.60，95%CI:0.56~0.64，P < 0.001)、完成义务教育(OR=0.54，95%CI:0.49~0.59，P < 0.001)、运动(OR=0.77，95%CI:0.69~0.86，P < 0.001)是高血压患病的保护因素，饮酒(OR=1.18，95%CI:1.08~1.29，P < 0.001)是仅高血压患病的可能危险因素；BMI < 24 kg/m2(OR=0.26，95%CI:0.21~0.31，P < 0.001)、完成义务教育(OR=0.50，95%CI:0.35~0.72，P < 0.001)、饮茶(OR=0.80，95%CI:0.64~0.99，P=0.045)是两病共患的保护因素，农民(OR=1.35，95%CI:1.04~1.76，P=0.024)、糖尿病家族史(OR=4.21，95%CI:2.71~6.57，P < 0.001)、高血压家族史(OR=1.86，95%CI:1.31~2.64，P=0.001)是两病共患的危险因素。  结论  德清地区农村居民糖尿病患病水平低于全国平均水平，高血压患病水平与全国平均水平接近，也有一定的共患病水平。女性、年龄>60岁、农民、糖尿病家族史、高血压家族史、超重或肥胖人群是可能的高危因素，需要进一步的干预和控制。     

天津市部分女性高血压危险因素的探讨

对天津市河东区居民中301例女性原发性高血压病人进行了1:1配对病例对照研究。经条件Logistic回归模型分析,与高血压有关的危险因素是:体重(OR=1.17,95% CI:1.12~1.23),高血压家族史(OR=2.18,95% CI:1.49~3.21),人均收入(OR=0.73,95% CI:0.56~0.94),心率(OR=2.30,95% CI:1.41~3.76),初潮年龄(OR=0.90,95% CI:0.82~0.99)。经体重的混杂调整后,除初潮年龄外其他因素的OR值仍有统计学显著性意义。未发现绝经年龄、产次、初产年龄、服避孕药史和吸烟与高血压有关。     

甘肃汉族人群高血压家族史与高血压关联的研究

目的 了解甘肃省20~80岁汉族人群高血压患病现状,探讨高血压家族史（family history,FH）与高血压之间的关系。方法 本研究为横断面研究,采用多阶段分层整群抽样方法,选择甘肃省4个调查地区的汉族人群,进行面对面问卷调查、体格检查和血生化检测。结果 共调查4 247名20~80岁汉族常住居民,问卷应答率为97.4%,合格率为98.7%。其中男性有1 777人（41.8%）,女性有2 470人（58.2%）,高血压粗患病率为28.2%。多因素Logistic回归分析显示,有FH者患高血压的风险比无FH高（OR=3.36,95%CI:2.58~4.41,P<0.001）,当患病亲属从1代增加到2代和3代时,高血压的患病风险从2.33倍（OR=2.33,95%CI:1.77~3.09,P<0.001）增加到5.97倍（OR=5.97,95%CI:4.42~8.13,P<0.001）和14.64倍（OR=14.64,95%CI:8.30~26.27,P<0.001）。结论 有高血压FH的人群高血压患病率明显升高,且随着家族中患病亲属代数的增加,高血压的患病风险逐渐增加。有FH的人能形成一个易于识别的群体,对该群体的针对性干预能够使其受益,从而降低高血压的发病风险。     

成都市就业流动人口高血压患病现状及相关因素分析

目的 了解成都市就业流动人口高血压患病现状并探索其相关因素,为制定流动人口高血压预防策略及措施提供依据。方法 采用应答推动抽样（RDS）法在成都市抽取≥18岁非成都市户籍就业人员进行问卷调查和体格检查。高血压患病率的比较采用x2检验,患病相关因素分析采用多因素logistic回归模型。结果 共调查就业流动人口2351人,高血压患病率为29.82%。Logistic回归结果显示,年龄≥31岁［31～45岁（OR=1.979,95%CI=1.466～2.670）、46～60岁（OR=3.673,95%CI=2.758～4.892）、≥61岁（OR=6.240,95%CI=4.272～9.116）］、吸烟（OR=1.597,95%CI=1.064～2.396）、经常在外就餐/点外卖（OR=1.429,95%CI=1.091～1.871）、超重（OR=2.577,95%CI=1.475～4.503）、肥胖（OR=3.954,95%CI=2.204～7.094）及职业为运输/仓储（OR=1.972,95%CI=1.177～3.304）为高血压患病的危险因素;女性（OR=0.614,95%CI=0.472～0.799）、不饮酒（OR=0.714,95%CI=0.557～0.916）、无高血压家族史（OR=0.687,95%CI=0.556～0.848）是保护因素。结论 成都市就业流动人口高血压患病率较高,需重点关注男性、老年、运输/仓储职业、有高血压家族史的人群高血压患病情况。积极制定和完善流动人口高血压防控策略,针对可改变的危险因素,采取多种干预措施,提高其健康水平。     

河南省新乡县农村居民脑卒中流行现况及影响因素分析

目的 了解河南省新乡县农村地区成年常住居民脑卒中流行现况及其影响因素。方法 于2017年4月—2017年6月采用整群抽样方法,随机抽取河南省新乡县朗公庙、七里营2个乡镇17个农村村落的成年常住居民(≥18岁)10 691人进行脑卒中及相关因素的问卷调查、体格检查与实验室检测。结果 本次调查共纳入资料完整对象10 455人进行分析,河南省新乡县农村地区脑卒中粗患病率为6.60%,年龄标准化患病率为5.05%;其中40岁以上人群脑卒中粗患病率为6.58%,标准化患病率为2.89%;男性、女性的性别粗患病率分别为8.39%和5.35%,标准化患病率分别为3.63%和2.39%。在脑卒中常见慢性共患病中,高血压共病率最高,为55.94%,糖尿病共病率最低,为14.64%。多因素logistic回归分析显示,年龄≥50岁(50～59岁:OR = 3.968, 95%CI: 2.654～5.933; 60～69岁:OR = 8.694, 95%CI: 5.906～12.798; ≥70岁:OR = 8.854, 95%CI: 5.855～13.390)、职业为农民(OR = 1.821, 95%CI:1.174～2.824)、高血压(OR = 2.151, 95%CI: 1.816～2.547)、血脂异常(OR = 2.434, 95%CI: 1.950～3.038)、糖尿病(OR = 1.393, 95%CI: 1.091～1.778)、冠心病(OR = 1.385, 95%CI: 1.117～1.718)可能是脑卒中患病的危险因素(P＜0.05);女性(OR = 0.542, 95%CI: 0.455～0.646)、有适度(OR = 0.668, 95%CI: 0.544～0.819)/剧烈运动(OR = 0.696, 95%CI: 0.571～0.849)可能是脑卒中患病的保护因素(P＜0.05)。结论 河南省新乡县农村地区成年常住居民脑卒中患病率较高,男性、≥50岁、农民、无适度/剧烈运动者、合并高血压、血脂异常、冠心病和糖尿病者仍是脑卒中防治的重点人群。     

不孕不育特征与夫妻双方高血压患病风险的关联研究

目的 了解不孕不育夫妇高血压患病现况,探讨不孕不育特征与两性高血压患病风险的关联。方法 本研究依托不孕不育队列开展。不孕不育特征包括是否患不孕不育、不孕不育类型、原因及年限。采用多因素logistic回归模型,分性别分析不孕不育特征与高血压的关联。结果 1 312对不孕不育夫妇中,不孕症女性和不育症男性高血压患病率均显著高于同性别对照组（女:18.6% vs. 13.2%;男:21.5% vs. 14.3%）。女性不孕（OR＝1.64,95％CI:1.13～2.38）、双方共同原因不孕症（OR＝2.15,95％CI:1.11～4.15）、继发性不孕（OR＝1.58,95％CI:1.17～2.13）和不孕年限≥3年（OR＝1.96,95％CI:1.29～2.97）会显著增加女方高血压患病风险;男性不育（OR＝1.79,95％CI:1.29～2.48）、双方共同原因不育症（OR＝1.69,95％CI:1.12～2.56）、继发性不育（OR＝1.52,95％CI:1.00～2.39）和不育年限≥3年（OR＝1.97,95％CI:1.23～3.14）会显著增加男方高血压患病风险。结论 确诊不孕不育、继发性不孕不育、双方共同原因不孕不育及长不孕不育年限是不孕不育夫妇患高血压的风险因素。     

Risk factors for premature myocardial infarction: a matched case-control study

Background: Myocardial infarction in young age is increasing. Identifying risk factors could be important for health promotion. We studied classic atherosclerotic risk factors in premature myocardial infarction. Methods: In this matched case-control study, which was conducted from 2005 to 2007 in Birjand County, the east of Iran, atherosclerotic risk factors (hyperten-sion, family history of coronary artery diseases, obesity, diabetes mellitus, dyslipidemia) of 98 patients affected by acute myocardial infarction aged under 50 years were compared with that of 98 healthy neighborhood controls. Results: Mean levels of cholesterol, triglyceride, low-density lipoprotein, as well as systolic blood pressure and body mass index were significantly higher in cases than in controls. There was a positive association between coronary artery disease at younger age and dyslipidemia OR=2.8 [95% CI: 1.5, 5.2], smoking OR=6.4 [95% CI: 3.0, 13.5], systolic hypertension OR=3.1 [95% CI: 1.5, 6.3], family history of coronary artery diseases OR=10.9 [95% CI: 3.2, 37.9] and diabetes OR=2.5 [95% CI: 1.04, 6.2]. Conclusion: Smoking, systolic hypertension and dyslipidemia were the most common risk factors among patients with premature myocardial infarction.     

Menarche,early pregnancy,and obesity in selected Brazilian women from a health care center in Belo Horizonte,Minas Gerais,Brazil

The aim of this study was to investigate obstetric variables potentially associated with obesity among 486 Brazilian childbearing-age women aged 15-59 residing in the municipality of Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais State. Body fat (BF) was measured through impedance analysis, and obesity was defined as BF > 30%. The association between obstetrics factors and obesity was evaluated through multivariate logistic regression. The following variables remained in the logistic regression after adjustments for total income, smoking, alcohol consumption, and physical activity: age at menarche < 12 years (OR = 3.02; 95% CI: 1.62-5.61), age > 30 and < 39 (OR = 1.72; 95% CI: 1.01-2.92), age > 40 years (OR = 3.32; 95% CI: 1.76-6.27), age at first childbirth (OR = 1.99; 95% CI: 1.07-3.68), and the following interaction: age group > 30 and < 39 and age at menarche (OR = 0.27; 95% CI: 0.09-0.83). It appears that obstetric factors affect obesity through a complex network of interrelations that involve the covariates studied above. It is important to support efficient programs to prevent obesity, as well as family planning programs emphasizing a reduction in the prevalence of teenage pregnancies.     

Prevalence and Influencing Factors of Metabolic Syndrome among Adults in China from 2015 to 2017

The prevalence and influencing factors of metabolic syndrome (MetS) in Chinese residents aged 20 or older were investigated. The data were collected from China Nutrition and Health Surveillance (2015–2017), which used a stratified, multistage, random sampling method. A total of 130,018 residents aged 20 years or older from 31 provinces were included in this study. The National Cholesterol Education Programme Adult Treatment Panel III (NCEP ATP III) criteria were used to define MetS. The standardised prevalence of high waist circumference, high blood pressure and low high-density lipoprotein cholesterol were 40.8%, 49.4% and 41.1%, respectively. The following factors were associated with a higher prevalence of MetS: female [odds ratio (OR) = 1.773, 95% CI = 1.709–1.840]; older age (OR = 1.037, 95% CI = 1.036–1.039); living in north China (OR = 1.087, 95% CI = 1.058–1.117); high body mass index (OR = 1.402, 95% CI = 1.395–1.408); higher income [OR (95% CI): 1.044 (1.007–1.083), 1.083 (1.044–1.124) and 1.123 (1.078–1.170) for moderate, high, and very high income, respectively]; family history of hypertension (OR = 1.237, 95% CI = 1.203–1.273); family history of diabetes (OR = 1.491, 95% CI = 1.426–1.558) and current smoking status (OR = 1.143, 95% CI = 1.098–1.191). Living in the countryside (OR = 0.960, 95% CI = 0.932–0.988), moderate alcohol consumption (OR = 0.917, 95% CI = 0.889–0.946) and being physically active (OR = 0.887, 95% CI = 0.862–0.913) were associated with a lower prevalence of MetS. The prevalence of MetS among residents aged 20 years or older in China is increasing, especially among women, people aged 45 years or older and urban residents. Preventive efforts, such as quitting smoking and engaging in physical activity, are recommended to reduce the risk of MetS.     

Factors of non-compliance with the therapeutic regimen among hypertensive men and women: A case-control study to investigate risk factors of stroke

To identify potential risk factors among the therapeutic regimen and life style which may increase the risk for stroke, a pair matched case-control study was conducted in Gaza Strip among 112 patients, who had been hospitalized for acute stroke and history of hypertension, and 224 controls with history of hypertension. Conditional logistic regression models show significant associations between stroke and medication not taking as prescribed (OR = 6.07; 95% CI: 1.53, 24.07), using excessive salt at meals (OR = 4.51; 95% CI: 2.05, 9.90), eating diet high in fat (OR = 4.67; 95% CI: 2.09, 10.40), and high level of stress (OR = 2.77; 95% CI: 1.43, 5.38). No significant association between smoking and the development of stroke (OR = 2.12; 95% CI: 0.82, 5.51) was found. Regular physical exercise was a protective factor (OR = 0.26; 95% CI: 0.12, 0.57). Using excessive salt at meals was a significant risk factor (OR = 16.61; 95% CI: 4.40, 62.80) in people having low level of stress, whereas it was not significant in people having high level of stress. (OR = 1.76; 95% CI: 0.58, 5.33). Smoking in combination with low level of stress was a significant risk factor for stroke (OR = 9.88; 95% CI: 2.52, 38.78), but a non-significant protective factor in combination with high level of stress (OR = 0.52; 95% CI: 0.14, 1.99). An increase in compliance with the pharmacological and non-pharmacological therapeutic regimen might be a key to a reduction of stroke incidence and prevalence among hypertensive patients.     

Diabetes in a Caribbean population: epidemiological profile and implications

OBJECTIVE: To examine the distribution and impact of diabetes, glycaemic status, and related factors, in a predominantly black adult Caribbean population. METHODS: The study included 4709 people, or 84% of a simple random sample of Barbadian-born citizens aged 40-84 years, examined between 1988 and 1992 and re-assessed 4 years later. Diabetes was evaluated according to physician-diagnosis and glycosylated haemoglobin (GHb). Associations were assessed by logistic regression analyses, cumulative mortality by product-limit methods and death-rate ratios by Cox proportional hazards regression. RESULTS: Among the 4314 black participants, the prevalence of known diabetes, predominantly type 2, was 9.1% at 40-49 years of age and increased to 24.0% at 70-79 years. The overall prevalence was 17.5%, while it was 12.5% in mixed (black/ white; n = 184) and 6.0% in white/other participants (n = 133), only 0.3% had younger-onset. Additionally, 2% had GHb >10% (>2 SD over the mean) without diabetes history. Sulphonylureas were the most frequent treatment, while insulin use was infrequent. In black participants, diabetes was positively associated with age (OR = 1.03 per year; 95% CI : 1.02-1.04), diabetes family history (OR = 2.85, 95% CI : 2.39-3.40), hypertension (OR = 1.71, 95% CI : 1.42-2.05), obesity (BMI > or = 25 kg/m(2); OR = 1.74, 95% CI : 1.44-2.10), and high waist-hip ratio (WHR > or = 0.92; OR = 1.29, 95% CI : 1.09-1.53). Ocular co-morbidities were increased among people with diabetes, as was 4-year-mortality (death rate ratio = 1.42, 95% CI : 1.10-1.83). There was a 9% increase in mortality for each 1% increase in GHb (death rate ratio = 1.09, 95% CI : 1.04-1.15). CONCLUSIONS: A markedly high prevalence of diabetes existed in the adult black population, affecting almost one in five people and increasing morbidity and mortality. Prevention strategies are urgently needed to reduce the adverse implications of diabetes in this and similar populations.     

Family History of Hypertension and the Risk of Overweight in Japanese Children: Results From the Toyama Birth Cohort Study

Background

Family history can be a useful screening tool in the assessment and management of the risk for noncommunicable disease. However, no data have yet been reported on family history of hypertension and its effect on children’s overweight.

Methods

A total of 7249 Japanese children enrolled in the Toyama Birth Cohort Study were followed until 2002 (mean age: 12.3 years). Family history of hypertension was ascertained by asking children’s parents whether children’s biological parents or grandparents had doctor-diagnosed hypertension. Child overweight was defined according to international criteria for age- and sex-specific body mass index.

Results

The prevalence of child overweight at age 12 was 21.7% for males and 15.9% for females. After adjusting for family structure, parental employment status, and lifestyle factors, we found that a maternal family history of hypertension was positively associated with the risk of child overweight at age 12 (adjusted odds ratio [OR] 1.21, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.04–1.39). The adjusted OR increased from 1.16 (95% CI 0.99–1.35) to 1.42 (95% CI 1.04–1.92) to 4.75 (95% CI 1.35–16.69) as the number of family members with hypertension increased from 1 to 2 to 3, respectively. There was no significant difference in the prevalence of overweight between children with a paternal family history of hypertension and those without.

Conclusions

A maternal family history of hypertension was positively associated with the risk of overweight in children at age 12.Key words: family history, hypertension, overweight, the Toyama study     

高血压家族史和血脂异常的交互作用对高血压患病风险的影响

目的 探讨高血压家族史和血脂异常的交互作用对高血压患病风险的影响。方法 2017―2018年开展南京市慢性病防控社会因素调查,对61 098名≥18岁常住居民进行问卷调查、身体测量和实验室检测。采用复杂抽样的方法基于Logistic回归分析模型分析高血压家族史、血脂异常对高血压患病的影响。相乘和相加模型分析高血压家族史与血脂异常的交互作用。结果 最终纳入60 283名调查对象。高血压患者15 686例,标化患病率为29.8%。33.8%的居民有高血压家族史,血脂异常标化率为29.8%。多因素Logistic回归分析模型调整混杂因素后,有高血压家族史合并血脂异常人群患高血压的风险是无高血压家族史无血脂异常人群的4.881倍(95%CI:4.381～5.438)。高血压家族史与血脂异常存在相乘交互作用(OR=1.107,95%CI:1.015～1.208)。相加交互作用提示高血压家族史与血脂异常存在协同作用,交互作用指数(synergyindex, S)、交互作用相对超额危险度比(relative excess risk of interaction, RERI)、交互作用归因比(attr...     

北京和南京两地代谢综合征危险因素分析

目的分析北京和南京两地人群代谢综合征的危险因素。方法采用整群抽样对北京和南京的6123人进行流行病学调查,应用IDF（2005）定义。采用多因素Logistic回归分析可能存在的危险因素。结果男性和女性的年龄标化患病率分别为19．5％和33．6％。多因素条件Logis—tic回归结果,女性（OR=1．49;95％CI（1．40,1．59））、年龄增长（OR=1．23;95％CI（1．16,1．31））、低体力活动（OR=1．76;95％a（1．13,2．76））、糖尿病家族史（OR：1．33;95％CI（1．11,1．60））、高血压家族史（OR=1．46;95％CI（1．29,1．65））、年龄性别交互作用（OR=1．29;95％a（1．21,1．40））、居住在城市（OR=1．09;95％CI（1．02,1．18））均是代谢综合征的危险因素。居住在南京（OR=0．76;95％CI（0．71,0．81））是代谢综合征的保护因素。结论代谢综合征是多重危险因素共同作用的结果,其中女性、慢病家族史、低体力活动是其重要的危险因素。     

山东省枣庄市支气管哮喘患病情况调查及相关因素分析

目的调查枣庄市2003年哮喘患病率及相关因素。方法采取分层随机整群抽样调查的方法,选择6个点,抽样人口16725人,应检15834人,实检10610人。结果调查检出支气管哮喘患者128例,全市总患病率为1.21%,儿童患病率为2.02%,成人患病率为0.90%,儿童患病率明显高于成人患病率(χ2=21.39,P<0.01)。男女患病率分别为1.08%、1.32%,男女比为1∶1.22。儿童哮喘首次发病年龄7岁前占77.97%,成人哮喘15岁前首次发病者占36.23%。相关因素分析显示,上呼吸道感染(OR=17.81,95%CI12.25～25.89)、冷空气刺激(OR=3.43,95%CI2.41～4.90)、油烟及刺激性气体(OR=2.56,95%CI1.80～3.63)、吸入变应原(OR=2.74,95%CI1.80～4.17)为主要诱因;哮喘患者有过敏史者65.63%(OR=21.69),有哮喘家族史者25.78%(OR=73.96)。结论调查获得了枣庄市哮喘患病率和相关因素,儿童哮喘患病率明显高于成人;全部患者在儿童期首次发病约占2/3;因此,应在儿童期进行哮喘筛查诊断,并给予早期干预。     

河北省内丘县农村居民高血压影响因素的研究

摘要:目的　了解河北省内丘县农村居民高血压患病情况及其影响因素。方法　采用多阶段整群分层随机抽样的方法对内丘县7个行政村17周岁及以上常住居民1898人进行高血压影响因素调查及相应的健康体检。采用SPSS17.0进行分析。结果　高血压患病率随年龄增加而升高（χ2＝126.78,P＝0.00）。单因素分析显示年龄、文化水平、腰围、体重指数（BMI）、食盐量、家族史等与高血压患病有关。经多因素分析显示:腰围（OR:1.59,95％CI:1.18～2.13）、食盐量（OR:1.37,95％CI:1.08～1.72）、高血压家族史（OR:3.28,95％CI:2.40～4.47）、年龄（OR:1.69,95％CI:1.53～1.87）、超重或肥胖（OR:1.70,95％CI:1.39～2.08）为高血压患病危险因素;文化程度（OR:0.74,95％CI:0.62～0.88）为高血压的保护因素。结论　应加强高血压的三级预防工作,开展知识讲座、控制肥胖、提倡低盐膳食,进而降低高血压的患病率。     

Antecedentes familiares de primer grado como factor de riesgo en el cáncer colorrectal

ObjectiveTo evaluate the association between first-degree family history and colorectal cancer (CRC).MethodWe analyzed data from 2857 controls and 1360 CRC cases, collected in the MCC-Spain project. The adjusted odds ratio (OR) and 95% confidence interval (95% CI) of association with the family history of CRC was estimated by non-conditional logistic regression.ResultsFirst-degree relatives doubled the risk of CRC (OR: 2.19; 95% CI: 1.80–2.66), increasing in those with two or more (OR: 4.22; 95% CI: 2.29–7.78) and in those whose relatives were diagnosed before 50 years (OR: 3.24; 95% CI: 1.52–6.91). Regarding the association of the family history with the location, no significant differences were observed between colon and rectum, but there were in the relation of these with the age of diagnosis, having more relatives those diagnosed before 50 years (OR: 4.79; 95% CI: 2.65–8.65).ConclusionsFirst-degree relatives of CRC increase the chances of developing this tumor, they also increase when the relative is diagnosed at an early age. Therefore, it must be a target population on which to carry out prevention measures.     

新确诊癌症患者的焦虑、抑郁及失眠现状分析

目的探究新确诊癌症患者群体的焦虑、抑郁及失眠现状及其影响因素。 方法选取2018年1月至10月广东省人民医院肿瘤中心病房及门诊收治的新确诊癌症患者571例进行回顾性横断面调查研究，其中男性52例(9.1%)，女性519例(90.9%)；年龄21～88岁，平均(47.5±11.4)岁。分析患者的一般人口学、临床及社会心理学资料，通过抑郁症筛查量表(PHQ-9)、广泛性焦虑障碍量表(GAD-7)以及失眠症状筛查评价研究对象的焦虑、抑郁及失眠现状，采用多因素Logistic回归分析各影响因素与新确诊癌症患者出现焦虑、抑郁的相关性。 结果在新确诊癌症患者中，焦虑症状检出率为28.2%(161/571)，抑郁症状检出率为35.0%(200/571)，失眠症状检出率为89.0%(508/571)。高龄(年龄>60岁，OR＝2.387，95%CI：1.002～5.687)、无业(OR＝1.860，95%CI：1.017～3.402)、独居(OR＝16.012，95%CI：2.880～89.014)、共病(OR＝0.573，95%CI：0.377～0.870)、高生活压力(OR＝1.519，95%CI：1.192～1.936)和消极性格倾向(OR＝6.005，95%CI：3.641～9.904)是新确诊癌症患者出现抑郁症状的危险因素。高生活压力(OR＝1.802，95%CI；1.412～2.300)、消极性格倾向(OR＝4.344，95%CI：2.699～6.992)和癌症家族史(OR＝1.788，95%CI：1.137～2.812)是新确诊癌症患者出现焦虑症状的危险因素。 结论新确诊的癌症患者处于特殊的身心应激状态，是焦虑、抑郁、失眠等心理问题的高发人群。应注意筛查患者的心理健康问题，及时做好心理干预，必要时加强心理及药物治疗。同时还应加强患者的家庭及社会支持，提高其心理弹性及应对能力，从而促进患者身心恢复，提高患者生活质量。     

嘉兴市农村人群高血压危险因素研究

目的通过流行病学研究,探索嘉兴市农村高血压的主要危险因素。方法选择塘汇乡和南湖乡年龄在25~74周岁常住居民进行问卷调查(包括一般情况、生活方式和行为、家族史、计划生育、病史等)、体格检查(血压测量、身高体重测量)和实验室检查(血糖、血脂检测)。用Logistic回归综合分析各因素与高血压的关系。结果高血压危险因素有饮酒、肥胖、高胆固醇、高甘油三酯和年龄,OR值分别为2.175、1.999、2.922、1.66、1.086,95%可信区间分别为1.64~2.886、1.645~2.43、1.398~6.107、1.217~2.265、1.073~1.1;收入高和主食增加是保护因素,OR值分别为0.809、0.797,95%可信区间分别为0.669~0.979、0.64~0.992。结论年龄是嘉兴市农村人群高血压危险因素,高血压患病率男女均随着年龄而递增;家庭经济收入影响高血压患病率,家庭经济收入低者高血压患病率相对高;饮酒和超重增加高血压患病的危险性;家庭史不是本地区农村人群高血压患病的主要危险因素;近5年主食减少者高血压患病率显著高于主食增加者;血脂高者高血压患病率也高。