CA125联合 CA19－9、CEA、CA72－4检测在上皮性卵巢癌诊断中的意义

目的：阐明联合检测糖类抗原（CA125、CA19－9、CA72－4）与癌胚抗原（CEA）在上皮性卵巢癌中的诊断意义。方法：对81例上皮性卵巢癌患者,81例良性卵巢肿瘤患者以及作为对照的80例健康体检者血清中的 CA125、CA19－9、CA72－4与 CEA 进行检测。采用 ROC 曲线及 AUC、Logistic 回归分析评估上述血清标记物对上皮性卵巢癌的诊断意义。结果：卵巢癌患者血清肿瘤标记物 CA125、CA19－9、CA72－4的水平与阳性率明显高于良性卵巢肿瘤以及对照组健康体检者（P ＜0．05）。ROC 曲线显示 CA125、CA19－9、CEA 与CA72－4曲线下面积分别为0．904±0．025、0．670±0．042、0．497±0．046 and 0．821±0．033。联合检测上述肿瘤标记物显示最高的敏感性（91．4％）与较好的特异性（83．9％）。与其他单一肿瘤标记物相比,CA125显示最高的敏感性与较好的特异性。结论：联合检测 CA125、CA19－9、CEA 与 CA72－4可以提高上皮性卵巢癌早期诊断的敏感性与准确性。     

Clinical Significance of Combined Detection of Serum Tumor Markers in Diagnosis of Patients with Ovarian Cancer

Objective: To explore the predictive value of tumor markers, including cancer antigen 72-4 (CA72-4), cancerantigen 15-3 (CA15-3) and cancer antigen 125 (CA125), in single or combined detection, for the diagnosis ofovarian cancer. Methods: 120 patients diagnosed with ovarian cancer from August 2011 to March 2013 and80 patients diagnosed with benign ovarian tumors were enrolled in this test, along with 50 health examinationwomen randomly selected from the database as controls. Serum levels of CA72-4, CA15-3 and CA125 in this studywere determined by electrochemiluminescence (ECL). Results: Serum levels of CA72-4, CA15-3 and CA125 inovarian cancer were higher than those in healthy group and benign group (P<0.01).The sensitivity of combineddetection of those three tumor markers for diagnosis of ovarian cancer was obviously higher than with singledetection with each marker (P<0.01). Conclusions: CA72-4, CA15-3 and CA125 could be a good combination inthe diagnosis of ovarian cancer. Patients whose tumor markers continue to increase should be highly suspectedof malignancy.     

The accuracy of CT and tumor markers in the detection of a recurrent ovarian carcinoma

Twenty-three patients previously diagnosed as having ovarian cancer were examined with both serum tumor markers (CA 125, CA 19-9, TPA, IAP, AFP) and a pelvic CT scan. The tumor markers predict the clinical outcome more accurately than the CT scan. Further, the tumor markers showed a clear correlation with the clinical course. But in one case, however, the tumor markers were seen to reduce below the normal level from chemotherapy, while the CT scan showed a tumor mass. Thus, both, a CT scan and tumor marker assays are felt to be indispensable for detecting the recurrence of an ovarian cancer.     

CT联合血清肿瘤标记物诊断及鉴别诊断卵巢良恶性肿瘤

目的:研究CT联合血清肿瘤标记物糖链抗原125（carbohyhr ateantigen 125,CA125）诊断及鉴别诊断卵巢良恶性肿瘤的价值,为临床诊治提供参考。方法:选取我院于2015年11月至2017年11月收治的92例卵巢恶性肿瘤患者作为恶性组。另选取同期收治的108例卵巢良性肿瘤患者作为良性组。两组术前均进行CT检查及血清CA125水平检测。以病理结果为标准,对比两组患者的CT诊断阳性率,CA125水平及阳性率,联合诊断的敏感度、特异度、阳性预测值及阴性预测值,并研究联合诊断不同分期卵巢癌阳性率。结果:两组对比,恶性组患者的CT阳性率明显高于良性组,且CA125水平和阳性率均高于良性组,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。CT联合CA125诊断的特异度、敏感度、阴性预测值及阳性预测值均高于单一检测,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。且CT联合CA125诊断Ⅲ-Ⅳ期的阳性率差异不明显(P>0.05),但对诊断Ⅰ-Ⅱ期卵巢癌的阳性率高于单一诊断(P<0.05)。结论:卵巢恶性肿瘤患者血清CA125升高,CT诊断阳性率高,且联合诊断敏感性及特异性均较好,尤其是对Ⅰ-Ⅱ期卵巢癌,值得临床借鉴。     

CA125、CA19.9、CA15-3联合测定对卵巢良恶性肿瘤的诊断价值

目的 评价肿瘤标志物CA125、CA19.9、CA15-3在卵巢良恶性肿瘤的诊断价值,以提高CA125单独测定的敏感性与特异性。方法应用放射免疫方法测定了21例卵巢良性肿瘤及21例卵巢恶性肿瘤的血清CA125、CA19.9、CA15-3值并进行比较分析。结果 卵巢恶性肿瘤患者血清CA125、CA15-3含量显著高于良性肿瘤组(P<0.001),单独应用CA125诊断卵巢恶性肿瘤的准确性为78.57％,优于CA15-3和CA19.9。而以三项肿瘤标记物中的任意两项阳性为标记物诊断阳性时,准确性为85.71％,较CA125单独测定诊断卵巢良恶性肿瘤有较高的准确性。结论 CA125、CA15-3、CA19.9三项肿瘤标记物联合检测,以其中任意两项同时增高作为阳性标准,对提高卵巢良、恶性肿瘤诊断及鉴别诊断的准确性有一定意义。     

糖类抗原125、糖类抗原15-3、糖类抗原19-9和人附睾蛋白4单独及联合检测对卵巢癌的诊断价值

目的研究糖类抗原125(CA125)、CA15-3、CA19-9和人附睾蛋白4(HE4)单独及联合检测对卵巢癌的诊断价值,探讨最优的联合诊断方案。方法选取90例卵巢癌患者、90例良性卵巢疾病患者及90同期健康体检者,分别作为肿瘤组、良性组和健康组。比较3组受试者血清CA125、CA15-3、CA19-9和HE4水平及阳性率,比较上述四种肿瘤标志物单独及联合检测对卵巢癌的诊断灵敏度、特异度及准确度。结果肿瘤组患者CA125、CA15-3、CA19-9和HE4水平及阳性率均高于良性组患者和健康组受试者,良性组患者血清CA125、CA15-3和CA19-9水平均高于健康组受试者,良性组患者血清CA125、CA15-3、CA19-9和HE4阳性率均高于健康组受试者,差异均有统计学意义(P﹤0.05)。CA125+CA15-3+HE4、CA125+CA15-3+CA19-9+HE4诊断卵巢癌灵敏度最高,均为91.11%。HE4单独诊断卵巢癌的特异度最高,为94.44%。CA125+CA15-3+HE4诊断卵巢癌的准确度最高,为85.93%。结论CA125+CA15-3+HE4三项联合检测可提高卵巢癌诊断效率,对临床诊断卵巢癌有参考价值。     

HE4 联合 CA125 在卵巢癌早期诊断中的应用价值

目的：探讨人附睾蛋白4（HE4）联合癌抗原125（CA125）在卵巢癌早期诊断中的应用价值.方法：应用电化学发光法及酶联免疫法,测定20例卵巢癌患者、20例良性肿瘤患者（子宫肌瘤和卵巢肿瘤）及30例健康妇女血清CA125、HE4水平,比较各组血清CA125、HE4水平,分析两标记物联合在卵巢癌患者检测中的意义.结果：卵巢癌组CA125、HE4水平明显高于健康组及良性肿瘤组,差异有统计学意义（P＜0.05）,晚期卵巢癌组CA125、HE4水平明显高于早期卵巢癌组,差异有统计学意义（P＜0.05）.联合检测HE4及CA125敏感性高于二者中任一标志物,特异性与CA125检测一致,低于HE4检测.结论：HE4联合CA125测定有助于卵巢癌的诊断,可作为很好的卵巢癌标志物,提高早期卵巢癌的诊断率.     

Diagnostic significance of tumor markers for gynecologic malignancies

Gynecologic malignancies include ovarian cancer, uterine cervical cancer, endometrial cancer, and trophoblastic neoplasms. With ovarian tumors, due to their location within the abdominal cavity, it is difficult to make a preoperative pathological diagnosis of cancer without laparotomy. From this point of view, the use of tumor markers that consist of carbohydrate antigens, such as CA 125, in addition to diagnostic imaging are useful in the diagnosis of ovarian cancer. SCC antigen, a marker for squamous cell carcinoma, is clinically useful in the management of advanced cervical cancer. At present, there are no useful tumor markers for endometrial cancer that exhibit both high sensitivity and specificity, although CA 125 is often used in clinical practice. Finally, human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG) serves as an ideal tumor marker for trophoblastic disease; however, the incidence of trophoblastic neoplasms has decreased dramatically with the incorporation of strict clinical management of post-molar disease as well as with the overall decrease in the number of pregnancies.     

Circulating tumor markers in the monitoring of gynecologic malignancies

Plasma from 262 patients with gynecologic malignancies was assayed for levels of circulating tumor markers (CA 125, LSA [lipid associated sialic acid in plasma, LASA-P (Dianon Systems, Inc., Stratford, CT )], Ca 19-9, and carcinoembryonic antigen [CEA]) and correlated with the patients' clinical status. In the patients with ovarian cancer the sensitivities of LSA and CA 125 for patients with clinical evidence of disease were 71% and 76% respectively; the specificities for patients with no clinical evidence of disease were 90% and 86% respectively. Using both tumor markers, a sensitivity of 84% and specificity of 85% was obtained. Additionally, CA 125 was elevated in 59% of patients with clinically advanced or recurrent endometrial cancer, and LSA was elevated in 63% of patients with clinical evidence of cervical cancer. Neither CEA nor CA 19-9 levels correlated with clinical status in patients with ovarian or cervical cancer. The values of Ca 125 and LSA were examined in relation to the findings at second-look surgery in patients with ovarian cancer. Absence of elevated tumor markers does not obviate the need for second-look surgery; the false negative rate for CA 125 was 40% (6/15). However, the finding of two elevated plasma markers 1 month or more apart, in ovarian cancer patients who were clinically free of disease, was strongly suggestive of recurrent cancer; 13 of 14 such patients showed this association. This latter finding may help to identify a group of patients in whom early surgical intervention is indicated.     

Use of serum tumor markers in the differential diagnosis between ovarian and colorectal adenocarcinomas.

In the search for a method to facilitate the preoperative discrimination of ovarian carcinomas from colorectal carcinomas serum levels of 6 tumor markers were measured in 47 patients presenting with ovarian cancer and compared to levels found in 24 female patients with advanced, untreated colorectal cancer. The markers studied were CA 125, CA 15.3, CA 19.9, CEA and two recently developed mucin markers, CA M29 and CA M26. Levels of CA 125, CA 15.3, CEA and CA M29 showed significant differences between both groups. In predicting ovarian cancer, sensitivity was highest for CA 125 at 94% (35 U/ml cutoff level). However, the specificity of CA 125 was at 71% low. Specificity increased significantly by using a combination of a CA 125-positive score (greater than 35 U/ml) and a simultaneous negative CEA score (less than or equal to 5 ng/ml) (specificity 100%, sensitivity 81%). A CA 125/CEA serum ratio greater than 25 resulted in the highest discriminative power with a specificity of 100% and a sensitivity of 91% resulting in an overall test accuracy of 94%. It is concluded that the serum tumor markers used, especially a combination of CA 125 and CEA, are helpful in the preoperative differential diagnosis between adenocarcinomas of ovarian and colorectal origin.     

SOD、CYFRA21—1及CA125联合检测在卵巢癌诊断中的意义

目的：探讨超氧化物歧化酶（SOD）、CYFRA21—1及CA125检测在卵巢癌诊断中的意义。方法：测定83例卵巢癌、35例卵巢良性病变及30例正常妇女血清总超氧化物歧化酶（T—SOD）、锰超氧化物歧化酶（Mn—SOD）、CYFRA21—11及CA125，并作比较分析。结果：卵巢癌患者血清Mn—SOD水平较卵巢良性病变及正常妇女明显降低（P〈0．05或0．01），CYFRA21—1及CA125水平明显升高（P〈0．05或0．01），Mn—SOD、CYFRA21—1及CA125的敏感性分别为74．7％、81．9％和79．5％。三者联合检测可使敏感性提高到95．1％，准确度提高到94．7％。结论：联合检测Mn—SOD、CYFRA21—1及CA125对卵巢癌诊断有一定的临床应用价值。     

肿瘤标志物在结直肠癌诊断和监测中的价值和改进策略:130例患者的临床资料分析

背景与目的:肿瘤标志物检测是肿瘤血清学诊断的主要方法之一,但肿瘤标志物的阳性诊断率较低.本研究旨在分析肿瘤蛋白芯片C12在结直肠癌(colorectal cancer,CRC)诊断中的价值.方法:分析总结130例CRC初治患者12种肿瘤标志物的检测结果,找出与CRC相关性最强的肿瘤标志物,计算各标志物组检测对提高诊断率的作用.结果:C12对本组CRC患者的总体诊断率是42.3%,对Ⅰ、Ⅱ、Ⅲ、Ⅳ期患者的诊断率分别是13.6%、39.5%、38.2%和68.8%;对Ⅳ期患者的诊断率显著高于Ⅰ期患者(P＜0.001);癌胚抗原(carcioembryonicantigen,CEA)的阳性率最高,达35.4%,与之相比,阳性率最高的5种标志物的任何组合方式(2、3、4、5种标志物的组合)均不能提高诊断率,但四项指标联合检测CEA 前列腺特异性抗原(free prostate specific antigen,f-PSA) 肿瘤抗原cancer antigen,CA)125 CA242或CEA CAl9-9 CAl25 f-PSA足以替代12项指标联合检测.结论:C12对诊断中晚期CRC有一定价值,但对早期CRC的灵敏度不高.     

Multiplexed bead-based immunoassay of four serum biomarkers for diagnosis of ovarian cancer

The purpose of the present study was to evaluate multiplex liquid assay-based measurement of multiple ovarian cancer-associated biomarkers such as hemoglobin, haptoglobin and apolipoprotein E, together with CA125, which has been widely used in the diagnosis of ovarian cancer, in order to provide a higher diagnostic power. We measured the serum levels of CA125, hemoglobin, haptoglobin and apolipoprotein E from the serum of 76 healthy individuals and 69 ovarian cancer patients using a multiplex liquid assay system, Luminex 100. The results were analyzed according to normal versus ovarian cancer, tumor stages and tumor histology. In addition, to validate the use of these biomarkers for the diagnosis of ovarian cancer, the sensitivity and specificity of each biomarker was analyzed by its receiver operating characteristics (ROC) curve. The serum levels of all four biomarkers in ovarian cancer patients were significantly higher than those of healthy individuals. When CA125 was combined with the biomarkers, the overall sensitivity and specificity were significantly improved in the ROC curve, which showed 95 and 75% sensitivity and specificity, respectively. At 95% specificity for all stages the sensitivity increased to 75% compared to 41% for CA125 alone. For stage I+II increased the sensitivity to 68% from 36% for CA125 alone. For stage III+IV the corresponding values were 100 and 95%, respectively. Taken together, the new combination of hemoglobin, haptoglobin and apolipoprotein E with CA125 significantly improved both the sensitivity and the specificity of ovarian cancer diagnosis compared with those of individual biomarkers. These findings suggest the benefit of the combination of these markers for the diagnosis of ovarian cancer.     

Cancer antigen 125, tissue polypeptide antigen, carcinoembryonic antigen, and beta-chain human chorionic gonadotropin as serum markers of epithelial ovarian carcinoma

Cancer antigen 125 (CA 125) is common to most epithelial ovarian tumors. Therefore, it is potentially a good marker of this disease. This hypothesis was evaluated by measuring the serum levels of CA 125 in 81 patients with ovarian cancer (25 with nonactive and 56 with active disease), in 105 patients of both sexes with nonovarian tumors, and in 171 healthy controls of both sexes. The serum levels of three other markers, tissue polypeptide antigen (TPA), carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA), and human chorionic gonadotropin, beta subunit (beta-hCG), were also measured in the same 357 subjects. The results of this study clearly indicate the clinical irrelevance of both CEA and beta-hCG as tumor markers in ovarian carcinomas. Conversely, the clinical usefulness of CA 125 and TPA was confirmed. In particular, CA 125 and TPA showed comparable sensitivity, while CA 125 showed a higher specificity for ovarian cancer than TPA. The association of CA 125 with TPA was very useful in continuous observation of patients with active disease in order to evaluate the clinical effectiveness of the therapy. Moreover, for patients in clinical remission, the markers allowed early detection of a recurrence of the disease.     

彩色多普勒超声联合肿瘤标志物CA125、CA724对卵巢良恶性肿瘤的鉴别诊断价值

目的:探讨彩色多普勒超声检查联合肿瘤标志物血清CA125、CA724对卵巢良恶性肿瘤的鉴别诊断价值.方法:收集绵阳市第三人民医院2014年1月至2016年3月手术治疗的卵巢肿瘤患者212例,分析患者的彩色多普勒超声各项指标及血清CA125、CA724水平.以病理诊断作为金标准,计算超声诊断及三项指标联合诊断的准确率、灵敏度及特异度等.结果:超声诊断结果显示,在卵巢恶性肿瘤组中,超声诊断与病理诊断符合率为56.5%(26/46),卵巢良性肿瘤组诊断符合率为88.0%(146/166),良性卵巢肿瘤组超声病理诊断符合率高于恶性肿瘤组,差别有统计学意义(P<0.001).卵巢恶性肿瘤组患者的血清CA125和CA724水平均高于良性肿瘤组,差别有统计学意义(P<0.05).卵巢恶性肿瘤组三项指标联合检测诊断阳性率明显高于良性组(78.3% vs 37.3%,P<0.001).三个单项检测指标中,CA125的灵敏度最高,CA724的特异度最高,超声检查的准确度、阳性预测值、阴性预测价值最高.联合检测中,彩色多普勒超声检查联合CA125诊断卵巢癌的准确度、灵敏度、特异性、阳性预测值、阴性预测价值高于三项指标的联合诊断,亦高于两项肿瘤标志物的联合诊断.结论:超声联合血清肿瘤标志物一定程度上可以提高卵巢良恶性肿瘤的鉴别诊断率.     

Combined evaluation of serum CA 125 and CAM 29 in patients with epithelial ovarian cancer.

We examined 92 patients with epithelial ovarian cancer and 262 patients with benign ovarian diseases undergoing laparotomy. On the basis of a nonparametric method, antigen levels corresponding to prefixed 95% specificity values in a group of 674 women with benign gynecologic diseases were taken as cutoff limits (88.8 U/ml for CA 125 and 13.7 U/ml for CAM 29). Moreover, CA 125 and CAM 29 levels were measured serially during and after chemotherapy in 26 women selected from the patients with advanced epithelial ovarian cancer. At diagnosis, serum CA 125 was as sensitive as serum CAM 29 for nonmucinous tumors, but more sensitive than serum CAM 29 for mucinous tumors. The association of the two markers seemed to give no advantage over the CA 125 assay alone in the diagnosis of epithelial ovarian cancer. In monitoring the response to chemotherapy and follow-up of patients with epithelial ovarian cancer, changes in CA 125 levels correlated with the clinical course of disease better than changes in CAM 29 levels, and the serum CA 125 assay was more reliable than the serum CAM 29 assay in the early detection of tumor progression. In conclusion, serum CAM 29 did not seem to represent a complementary assay to serum CA 125 in the management of patients with epithelial ovarian cancer.     

可溶性E-钙粘蛋白、糖类抗原125、人附睾蛋白4联合检测在卵巢癌早期诊断中的临床价值

目的:探讨联合检测sE-CAD、CA125和HE4在卵巢癌早期诊断中的临床应用价值,以改善传统CA125和HE4检测在早期卵巢癌诊断中的不足。方法:检测40例健康体检者、64例卵巢良性肿瘤患者、112例卵巢癌患者（I期:14例,II期:23例,Ⅲ期:41例,IV期:34例）血清中sE-CAD、CA125和HE4的表达水平,结合临床资料,进行相关统计学分析。结果:不同临床分期卵巢癌组、卵巢良性疾病组和健康对照组sE-CAD、CA125和HE4的表达水平比较,差异均有统计学意义（P＜0.05）,卵巢良性疾病组与健康对照组比较,CA125表达水平明显升高,差异具有统计学意义（P＜0.05）,sE-CAD、HE4水平则无显著变化（P＞0.05）。sE-CAD、CA125和HE4联合检测用于早期卵巢癌（I-II期）的诊断时,其灵敏度、特异度、阳性预测值和阴性预测值分别达到90.8%、91.1%、83.4%、93.6%,ROC曲线下面积也升高至0.956 5,95%CI为0.916 9~0.996 1,比各指标单独检测均有所提升。结论:sE-CAD、CA125和HE4联合检测具有较高的灵敏度、特异度和ROC曲线下面积,是诊断早期卵巢癌（I-II期）较为理想的生物标志物组合。     

New technology of diagnosis of ovarian cancer

It is difficult to identify early ovarian cancer at present. However, some tumor markers (CA125, CA19-9, CEA) and soon imaging system (MRI, CT, UT) and some oncogenes are available for diagnosis of ovarian cancer recently. Multivariate analysis of tumor markers has a possibility of stage I cancer. MRI is very useful to identify some cystic and hemorrhagic lesions. Amplifiers of N-myc and K-ras may be applied to diagnose ovarian cancer. In future, these new technologies may identify early ovarian cancer.     

Tumor marker in ovarian cancer

The current role of tumor markers in the management of ovarian cancer is reviewed. The most useful tumor marker in epithelial ovarian cancer is still the antigen CA125. However, the level of this marker is modified by peritoneal irritation from endometriosis or inflammatory disease. Furthermore, the level is not elevated in nearly half of patients with the stage I disease, suggesting a limited value as a screening marker. In CA125 positive cases, the marker determination is a sensitive indicator in the early diagnosis of progressive disease in ovarian cancer. The lack of an effective second-line regimen, however, limits the value of the antigen as monitoring marker. Expectations for the new tumor markers lysophosphatidic acid and inhibin are also briefly discussed.     

超声联合血清肿瘤标记物CA125、B7同源体4(B7-H4)对卵巢癌的诊断价值

目的 探讨超声检查联合血清肿瘤标记物CA125、B7同源体 4(B7-H4)在卵巢癌诊断中的价值.方法 选择80例卵巢癌患者作为观察组,另选80例良性卵巢肿瘤患者作为对照组.比较两组3种单项检查方法和联合检查的敏感性、特异性、准确性、阴阳性预测值.结果 观察组患者的肿瘤标记物B7-H4、CA125的血清水平 、TV-CDFI评分均明显优于对照组(良性卵巢肿瘤患者),统计学有意义(P＜0.05),肿瘤标记物B7-H4、CA125、超声检查TV-CDFI单项检测以及3者联合检测的敏感性分别为83.8%、75.9%、76.1%、92.1%;特异性分别为94.9%、85.2%、92.5%、96.2%,准确性分别为83.7%、82.5%、85.1%、92.5%;阳性预测值87.5%、82.5%、85.2%、92.5%;阴性预测值87.5%、88.7%、88.7%、96.2%,联合检测的结果均优于单项检测结果,统计学有意义(P＜0.05).结论 超声检查联合检测血清肿瘤标记物CA125、B7同源体4(B7-H4),有助于卵巢癌的诊断,值得临床推广.