舰船伤员生命体征支持与监护系统的研制

目的 研制一种适合舰船环境条件下使用的伤病员生命体征支持与监护系统,满足伤病员现场急救和转运的需要.方法 采用单片机技术、射流技术、微电子技术、电磁兼容技术、综合集成技术,将生命支持功能和生命体征监护功能有机结合.结果 该系统在对伤病员进行心电、血氧、体温、脉率、血压监护功能的同时根据需要可进行间歇正压供氧和加压输液,并能够对生命体征数据进行存储、回放,对异常数据进行判断和报警.结论 该系统体积小,操作简单,智能化程度高,适合船用的同时,兼顾车栽和机载,在伤病员现场急救和转运过程中起到至关重要的作用.     

新冠疫情下医学影像设备的虚拟仿真实验项目建设

目的 针对医学影像设备特点建设虚拟仿真实验项目,以适应新冠疫情下的实验教学.方法 根据医学影像设备的成像原理,完全用数学公式来阐述各种图像信号的产生过程、数据采集过程以及图像重建过程,再将各种实验项目和规律现象,系统集成并运行在网络上.结果 开发出和CT设备相关的6个虚拟仿真实验项目,基本包含了CT设备相关的实验内容,...     

一种基于全仿真的医疗设备故障预测与健康管理系统开发平台的研究

医疗设备故障预测与健康管理(prognostics and health management,PHM)系统具有提高医疗设备运行安全性、降低维修成本等功能,因此其开发越来越受到重视.本研究提出一种基于全仿真的医疗设备PHM系统开发平台,该平台基于Proteus仿真实现数据采集及传输,基于MATLAB/Simulink完...     

Web-based adaptive training simulator system for cardiac life support

OBJECTIVE: We introduce a web-based adaptive training simulator system to exercise cardiopulmonary resuscitation skills. Our purpose is to provide emergency physicians with an additional training tool for cardiac life support clinical cases, by integrating an adaptive learning environment with a web-based case simulator. METHODS AND MATERIALS: Adaptive systems reflect some features of the user in the user model and apply this model to adapt various visible aspects of the system to the user. Our system follows a stage-based learning model with several steps to personalize student learning. First, students learn the theory and content of life support and take computerized tests to evaluate their declarative knowledge of these areas. Second, they practice with clinical case examples and complete an exam at the appropriate level of difficulty to assess their practical knowledge. Finally, they train with additional clinical cases. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: In order to evaluate the usefulness of the system, we used it in two traditional advanced life support courses at the Jaen Hospital in Spain, as an additional and complementary tool within the course. Results show that the use of adaptation techniques can improve student performance.     

模拟器教学在经胸超声心动图操作培训中的应用

目的 比较模拟器和传统教学方式在经胸超声心动图(TTE)采集技能培训中的效果差异.方法 选取30名2020-07-01—2021-04-30在北京协和医院心内科超声心动图室轮转学习的医师,随机分为传统培训组和模拟器培训组,培训后每人独立完成1例TTE采集操作,比较两组总操作时间和超声心动图切面采集质量的差异.结果 模拟...     

Pediatric extracorporeal life support after high frequency ventilation: predictors of survival

Previous studies of extracorporeal life support in pediatric patients have identified variables associated with survival. However, none of these studies focused on extracorporeal life support after failure of high frequency ventilation (HFV). In the present study, we determined variables associated with survival for pediatric respiratory failure patients who received HFV prior to extracorporeal life support, using data reported to the Extracorporeal Life Support Organization Registry from 1992 to 1998. Patients with neonatal diagnoses, immune compromising conditions, or congenital cardiac defects were excluded. The 243 patients who met inclusion criteria had a 58% survival rate (95% CI 48-66%). The mean age was 22 +/- 39 months. Mean duration of mechanical ventilation prior to extracorporeal life support was 6.6 +/- 5.8 days. Venoarterial extracorporeal life support was used in 72% of the patients; venovenous in 28%. The survival rate for the subset of patients with an oxygenation index greater than 42 cm H2O/torr on HFV (n = 122) was not significantly different from the overall sample. We determined that lower mean airway pressure, lower pressure amplitude, decreased oxygenation index, increased PaO2, and increased oxygen saturation on HFV were associated with increased survival in patients who were subsequently treated with extracorporeal life support.     

Collaborative virtual reality based advanced cardiac life support training simulator using virtual reality principles

BackgroundAdvanced Cardiac Life Support (ACLS) is a series of team-based, sequential and time constrained interventions, requiring effective communication and coordination of activities that are performed by the care provider team on a patient undergoing cardiac arrest or respiratory failure. The state-of-the-art ACLS training is conducted in a face-to-face environment under expert supervision and suffers from several drawbacks including conflicting care provider schedules and high cost of training equipment.ObjectiveThe major objective of the study is to describe, including the design, implementation, and evaluation of a novel approach of delivering ACLS training to care providers using the proposed virtual reality simulator that can overcome the challenges and drawbacks imposed by the traditional face-to-face training method.MethodsWe compare the efficacy and performance outcomes associated with traditional ACLS training with the proposed novel approach of using a virtual reality (VR) based ACLS training simulator. One hundred and forty-eight (148) ACLS certified clinicians, translating into 26 care provider teams, were enrolled for this study. Each team was randomly assigned to one of the three treatment groups: control (traditional ACLS training), persuasive (VR ACLS training with comprehensive feedback components), or minimally persuasive (VR ACLS training with limited feedback components). The teams were tested across two different ACLS procedures that vary in the degree of task complexity: ventricular fibrillation or tachycardia (VFib/VTach) and pulseless electric activity (PEA).ResultsThe difference in performance between control and persuasive groups was not statistically significant (P = .37 for PEA and P = .1 for VFib/VTach). However, the difference in performance between control and minimally persuasive groups was significant (P = .05 for PEA and P = .02 for VFib/VTach). The pre-post comparison of performances of the groups showed that control (P = .017 for PEA, P = .01 for VFib/VTach) and persuasive (P = .02 for PEA, P = .048 for VFib/VTach) groups improved their performances significantly, whereas minimally persuasive group did not (P = .45 for PEA, P = .46 for VFib/VTach). Results also suggest that the benefit of persuasiveness is constrained by the potentially interruptive nature of these features.ConclusionsOur results indicate that the VR-based ACLS training with proper feedback components can provide a learning experience similar to face-to-face training, and therefore could serve as a more easily accessed supplementary training tool to the traditional ACLS training. Our findings also suggest that the degree of persuasive features in VR environments have to be designed considering the interruptive nature of the feedback elements.     

模拟培训在急诊中心静脉置管培训中的应用

目的比较模拟培训和传统培训方法在急诊住院医师中心静脉置管中的效果。方法 2016年5月1日至2017年5月1日,选取40名某教学医院急诊科轮转的住院医师。随机分为传统培训组和模拟培训组,分别进行中心静脉穿刺培训,培训后每人独立完成1例颈内静脉置管操作,并填写操作调查表。比较两组穿刺成功率、总操作时间、试穿刺次数和并发症发生率等。结果传统培训组有18名学员完成,模拟组共19名学员完成(完成表示独立完成1例操作并完整填写调查表)。完成学员中模拟组穿刺成功率73.7%,传统组穿刺成功率33.3%,模拟组穿刺成功率较传统组明显提高(P<0.05);模拟组总操作时间(21.3±4.0)min,传统组(31.3±5.9)min;模拟组试穿次数(2.1±1.0)次,传统组(4.5±1.0)次;模拟组并发症发生率16%±37%,传统组38%±50%;模拟组与传统组相比,操作时间显著缩短(P<0.05),穿刺次数显著减少(P<0.05),并发症发生率显著降低(P<0.05)。结论模拟培训与传统培训相比提高了急诊住院医师颈内静脉置管成功率,缩短了操作时间,降低了并发症发生率,值得教学医院在住院医师培训中推广应用。     

高仿真模型在妇产科临床技能教学中的应用

临床技能操作是妇产科教学中的重要组成部分,目前由于医患诊疗意识的提高、医学伦理学的发展、近年来高校招生规模的不断扩大等诸多因素使临床技能教学面临越来越多的困难.妇产科学习包括理论及实践学习2个部分,要学好妇产科理论及实践学习二者均不可偏废,缺一不可[1].医学作为高风险行业,又涉及到诸多社会伦理道德问题,随着各项模拟技术应用于医学教育,仿真模型模拟教学也正被越来越多的临床教学工作者所接受并迅速推广应用,是目前妇产科临床技能教学的新途径[2].我院在210名临床医学生妇产科临床技能教学中应用高仿真模型,取得了满意效果,现报告如下.     

Impact of advanced cardiac life support training program on the outcome of cardiopulmonary resuscitation in a tertiary care hospital

Background:

Guidelines on performing cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) have been published from time to time, and formal training programs are conducted based on these guidelines. Very few data are available in world literature highlighting the impact of these trainings on CPR outcome.

Aim:

The aim of our study was to evaluate the impact of the American Heart Association (AHA)-certified basic life support (BLS) and advanced cardiac life support (ACLS) provider course on the outcomes of CPR in our hospital.

Materials and Methods:

An AHA-certified BLS and ACLS provider training programme was conducted in our hospital in the first week of October 2009, in which all doctors in the code blue team and intensive care units were given training. The retrospective study was performed over an 18-month period. All in-hospital adult cardiac arrest victims in the pre-BLS/ACLS training period (January 2009 to September 2009) and the post-BLS/ACLS training period (October 2009 to June 2010) were included in the study. We compared the outcomes of CPR between these two study periods.

Results:

There were a total of 627 in-hospital cardiac arrests, 284 during the pre-BLS/ACLS training period and 343 during the post-BLS/ACLS training period. In the pre-BLS/ACLS training period, 52 patients (18.3%) had return of spontaneous circulation, compared with 97 patients (28.3%) in the post-BLS/ACLS training period (P < 0.005). Survival to hospital discharge was also significantly higher in the post-BLS/ACLS training period (67 patients, 69.1%) than in the pre-BLS/ACLS training period (12 patients, 23.1%) (P < 0.0001).

Conclusion:

Formal certified BLS and ACLS training of healthcare professionals leads to definitive improvement in the outcome of CPR.