温通活血乳膏皮肤给药可减轻糖尿病周围神经病变模型大鼠的炎症反应

背景:温通活血乳膏具有改善氧化应激、降低血黏度、恢复微循环、减轻糖尿病周围神经损伤、抑制感觉传导和痛觉形成的作用,但其调控作用机制尚不清楚.目的:观察温通活血乳膏对糖尿病周围神经病变大鼠JNK信号通路蛋白及炎性因子的影响.方法:取成年雄性Wistar大鼠,建立糖尿病周围神经病变模型.将造模成功的40只大鼠随机分5组,每...     

Ultrastructural Changes Associated with Peripheral Neuropathy in HIV/AIDS

Light and electron microscopic studies were performed on neuromuscular biopsy specimens from 12 neurologically affected seropositive patients, 7 with the acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS), 2 with AIDS-related complex, and 3 with no symptoms except for neuropathy. All patients had an axonal injury associated or unassociated with demyelination and peripheral neurogenic atrophy. Capillary lesions were consistently present, which seems to be a new finding. Moreover, tubuloreticular inclusions (TRIs) were found in endomysial (9 of 12 cases) and endoneurial (7 of 12 cases) vessels. Statistical analysis showed that TRIs in more than 20% of endomysial vessels correlated with a survival time shorter than 12 months (P = 0.028). Thus the quantification of TRIs seems to be one of the vital prognostic elements in this patient population.     

三种类型肺癌患者外周血Th1/Th2相关细胞因子的临床分析

目的：了解不同病理类型肺癌患者辅助性T细胞亚群（Th1/Th2）的反应状态,探讨肺癌发生发展的免疫机制。方法：收集三种不同病理类型肺癌患者47例（鳞癌23例,腺癌15例,小细胞肺癌9例）、健康志愿者31例的血清,分成肺癌组、正常对照组,用酶联免疫吸附试验（ELISA）检测各组外周血中Th1型细胞因子、白细胞介素2（IL-2）、γ-干扰素（IFN-γ）和Th2型细胞因子IL-4、IL-10的浓度。结果：三种不同病理类型肺癌患者外周血中IL-2、IFN-γ浓度均显著低于正常人组,IL-4、IL-10浓度显著高于正常人组（P〈0.05）。结论：腺癌、鳞癌、小细胞非分化癌三种不同病理类型的肺癌患者外周血中的免疫细胞均呈现Th2型免疫反应优势状态,呈现Th1/Th2的漂移状态。     

糖尿病周围神经病变临床诊断的研究进展

糖尿病周围神经病变（DPN）是糖尿病最常见的慢性并发症之一,患者可出现肢体的麻木、疼痛及感觉异常,其中以远端对称性多发性周围神经病变（DSPN）最为多见。目前DPN的筛查方式多样,其中五项筛查、单丝和音叉检查是临床常用的初筛方式,各类量表可为DPN作等级评估,神经传导速度（NCV）是目前公认的诊断金标准。此外,高频超声、角膜共聚焦显微镜、磁共振神经成像等新兴检查方法优势逐步显露。由于DPN是炎症、氧化应激、免疫损伤等多种因素共同作用的结果,因此医师们也在积极探索相关血清学指标,以求为DPN的早期诊断提供更多临床依据。     

Peripheral Neuropathy in de novo Patients with Parkinson's Disease

PurposeThis study aimed to investigate the prevalence of peripheral neuropathy (PNP) and its related serum metabolites in de novo patients with Parkinson''s disease (PD). PNP is a type of frequent comorbidity in PD. Although the administration of levodopa has been described as a presumptive risk factor in its development, few studies have explored its effect on unmedicated PD patients.Materials and MethodsThis study included 105 drug-naïve de novo PD patients. A standardized nerve conduction study (NCS) technique was used to evaluate motor or sensory neuropathy. We analyzed serologic tests including metabolic markers of vitamin B12, homocysteine (Hcy), and uric acid (UA).ResultsWe found abnormal nerve conduction velocity findings in 24 out of 105 total patients. Among them, 20 patients showed a type of combined motor-sensory, while three were a type of pure sensory and one was a pure motor. Nine patients had carpal tunnel syndrome. PD with PNP group demonstrated higher serum levels of Hcy and UA compared to PD without PNP group.ConclusionOur data demonstrated a potential role of Hcy and UA on PNP in de novo patients with PD. These results suggest the contribution of the inherent metabolic pathway in deterioration of the peripheral nervous system in PD.     

支气管哮喘患儿治疗前后外周血Th1／Th2相关细胞因子的临床分析

目的：探讨支气管哮喘患儿治疗前后外周血Th1／Th2相关细胞因子水平的变化及临床意义。方法i应用放射免疫分析和酶联法对31例支气管哮喘患儿进行了外周血中Th1型细胞因子（IL-2、IFN-1）和Th2型细胞因子IL-4、IL-10浓度,并与35名正常人组作比较。结果i支气管哮喘患儿在治疗前血清IL-2、IFN-^y水平均非常显著地低于正常儿组（P〈0．01）,而血清IL4、IL-10水平又非常显著地高于正常儿组（P〈0．01）。经治疗1个月后则与正常儿组比较无显著性差异（P〉0．05）。结论：支气管哮喘患儿存在Th1／Th2细胞免疫失衡。Th1免疫功能低下。IFN-1下调可能是参与哮喘发病机制的重要原因,对哮喘有负向调节作用。哮喘患儿存在Th2细胞免疫功能亢进,以IL-4、IL-10为代表的Th2免疫功能在儿童哮喘的发病中发挥正性促炎作用。     

慢性乙醇中毒性周围神经病患者脑功能的描述性研究

目的:分析慢性乙醇中毒性周围神经病(CAPN)患者的脑功能损害。方法:以CAPN患者164例为研究组,同期健康志愿者152例为对照组。应用诱发电位技术,分析脑听觉诱发电位(BAEP)、事件相关电位P300;应用脑电超慢涨落技术,分析脑部神经递质相对含量;应用多导睡眠脑电图,评估睡眠状况。结果:1BAEP:CAPN组在波I~VII的潜伏期均显著性延长(t=8.265~18.426,P0.001),波幅均显著性降低(t=6.398~12.965,P0.001);2P300:CAPN组在事件相关电位各成分的潜伏期均显著性延长(t=7.929~28.914,P0.001),波幅均显著性降低(t=18.003~31.736,P0.001);3神经递质:CAPN组GABA(t=13.873)、GA(t=29.257)显著性增高(P0.001),5-HT、Ach、NE、DA显著性降低(t=4.904~12.799,P0.001);4多导睡眠图:CAPN组在记录总时间、睡眠潜伏期、REM潜伏期、醒起时间、醒觉时间、觉醒次数、醒睡比、睡眠S1期比率均显著性偏高(t=4.733~22.958,P0.001),睡眠总时间、睡眠效率、睡眠维持率、REM周期数,S3期、S4期、REM期比率均显著性偏低(t=8.244~16.000,P0.001)。结论:CAPN患者在中枢神经系统临床表现出现前,已经存在脑部认知功能异常、神经递质失调及睡眠结构紊乱,神经电生理技术有助于其早期诊断。     

吗啡对大鼠红细胞生物力学特性的影响

研究了吗啡的急性作用和体外作用对大鼠红细胞膜的生物力学特性的影响。作者采用新型激光衍射法测量上述血样红细胞膜的弹怀模量Ｅ和膜粘度μｍ,同时通过ＤＰＨ标记的荧光偏振法测定了这些红细胞膜的流动性,还采用富立叶变换的红外技术（ＦＴ－ＩＲ）测量了红细胞膜蛋白构象的动态变化,并在上述红细胞结构改变所引起的微观流变特性的变化进行了初步探讨,结果表明,吗啡对大鼠的作用会导致其红细胞膜流动性的下降,弹性剪切模量的     

Changes in Natural Killer Cells, the CD57CD8 Subset, and Related Cytokines in Healthy Aging

Aging has been shown to be accompanied by various changes in the lymphocyte subset distribution in the elderly. We have investigated more fully, and in a large number of subjects, age-related changes within several subpopulations bearing natural killer (NK) cell-associated surface antigens and changes in several cytokines involved in NK cell expansion. A total of 229 healthy subjects from all decades of life from 20 to 98 years of age was included in this cross-sectional study. A significant increase with age was found in both the absolute counts and the proportions of CD3–CD(16+56)+, CD3+CD(16+56)+, CD57+CD8+, CD57+CD8_(low)+, and CD57+CD8– cells, whereas the CD57+CD8_(high)+ subset, which may represent the cytolytic T cell population more precisely, showed less change with age. Some evidence is also provided to suggest that these expanded NK cell populations are in an activated state. Soluble IL-2 receptor levels were also found to increase significantly with age and correlated with certain NK cell subsets. Although the functions of some of these subsets remain to be elucidated, their expansion in the elderly may represent a remodeling of the immune system with increasing age, with an increase in non-MHC-restricted cells perhaps compensating for the previously reported decline in T and B cells in the elderly. Alternatively, increased numbers of these cells may be a direct result of cytokine dysregulation or increased antigenic or neoplastic cell challenge.