780名5岁儿童乳牙患龋情况调查分析

目的了解四川省5岁儿童乳牙患龋情况,为制定龋病防治规划提供参考依据。方法根据世界卫生组织《口腔健康调查基本方法》（第4版）,参照第三次全国口腔健康流行病学抽样调查方案,在四川省3个城市、3个农村随机抽样选取调查点,共调查780名5岁儿童的患龋情况,并将调查结果与第二次全国口腔健康流行病学抽样调查结果进行比较。结果四川省5岁儿童乳牙患龋率为58.72%,龋均为2.77,龋齿充填率为2.32%;乳牙患龋率和龋均在男性和女性、城市和农村儿童之间的差异均不具有统计学意义,而乳牙龋齿充填率则存在性别和地区间的差异。与第二次全国口腔健康流行病学抽样调查结果相比,四川省5岁儿童乳牙患龋率和龋均的差异均无统计学意义（P>0.05）,而龋齿充填率有所下降（P<0.05）。结论四川省5岁儿童乳牙龋齿患病率仍然较高,而龋齿充填率相对较低,今后儿童龋病防治工作应加强乳牙保健的口腔卫生宣传教育,提高家长对乳牙龋充填重要性的认识,促进乳牙的治疗。     

辽宁省5岁儿童龋病流行病学抽样调查分析

目的:了解辽宁省5岁儿童患龋状况及影响因素,监测龋病的患病趋势,为儿童龋病预防提供科学依据。方法:按照第三次全国口腔健康流行病学调查的要求,对辽宁省城乡6个地区的792例5岁儿童进行了口腔健康状况调查。采用SPSS13.0软件包对数据进行分析。结果:792例受检者的患龋率和龋均分别为73.86%和4.38,农村和城市地区的患龋率分别为83.59%和64.14%,农村高于城市,经统计学检验具有非常显著的差异(χ2=16.07,P<0.01);男女之间患龋率无显著性差异(χ2=0.46,P>0.05)。辽宁省5岁儿童患龋率和龋均均显著低于10年前的调查结果。结论:应当重视辽宁省学龄前儿童的口腔健康状况,采取各种有效预防措施,降低龋病的发生。     

2005年云南省5岁人群乳牙龋病抽样调查报告

目的 调查2005年云南省5 岁人群乳牙龋病状况,为云南省口腔卫生保健工作提供信息支持.方法 采用多阶段、分层、等容量、随机抽样的方法,抽取云南省5岁城乡常住人口720人,男女各半.按照<第三次全国口腔健康流行病学调查方案>中检查方法和标准,使用CPI探针检查全口乳牙牙冠龋病情况,统计患龋率、龋均.结果 5岁组人群乳牙患龋率为65.69%、龋均为3.68,龋齿充填率为3.47%.患龋率和龋均在城乡有差异,差异有统计学意义;男性与女性比较差异无统计学意义.结论 与1995 年云南省的调查结果比较, 2005年云南省5 岁儿童乳牙患龋率和龋均有所下降,龋齿较为严重,依然是龋病预防的重点人群.     

乌鲁木齐市3～5岁维、汉儿童龋病流行病学调查分析

目的 了解乌鲁木齐市3～5岁维、汉儿童的龋病患病状况。方法 根据世界卫生组织《口腔健康调查基本方法》和第3次全国口腔健康流行病学调查方案,随机抽样乌鲁木齐市各区9所双语幼儿园的474名3～5岁汉、维族儿童进行口腔调查,记录患龋率、龋均和充填率等指标。用SPSS17.0统计软件包进行统计学分析。结果 乌鲁木齐市474名儿童乳牙患龋率为58.86%,龋均为3.6;患龋率在年龄段及民族分布上的差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。龋齿的充填率仅为5.43%,在年龄段、民族分布上的差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。样本中所有患龋儿童患龋率最高的牙位为下颌第二乳磨牙。结论 乌鲁木齐市3～5岁儿童乳牙患龋早,充填率低,患龋率和龋均高。建议早期开展儿童龋病的防治工作和加强双种语言文字的口腔防治的宣教活动。?     

贵阳市南明区3～5岁儿童龋病流行病学调查

目的了解贵阳市南明区学龄前儿童乳牙龋患病状况,为乳牙龋防治工作提供依据。方法按照第三次全国口腔健康流行病学调查的要求,参照世界卫生组织《口腔健康调查基本方法》,随机抽取贵阳市3~5岁儿童432名,进行龋病检查。结果 432名受检儿童中,乳牙患龋率为46.3%,龋均为1.71。各年龄组间比较显示:随年龄增长各年龄组患龋率和龋均均显著上升,各组间患龋率与龋均比较均有显著性差异(P<0.05);乳牙龋充填率为5.83%,随年龄增长龋充填率逐渐上升。。结论贵阳市3~5岁儿童乳牙患龋率较高,充填率较低,应加强乳牙龋的早期防治。     

上海市789名5岁儿童乳牙患龋状况观察

目的评价1995-2005年上海市儿童乳牙患龋10年变化情况,为政府制订相关政策提供依据。方法采用多阶段、分层、等容量、整群抽样方法,按照2005年第三次全国口腔健康流行病学调查方案和技术要求,对上海市789名5岁儿童的乳牙患龋率、龋均和龋失补构成比进行调查,并与1995年儿童的乳牙患龋情况进行比较。结果2005年上海市5岁儿童的乳牙患龋率、龋均、龋齿充填构成比分别是71.74%、4.17、7.70%,与1995年相比分别下降了6.54%、0.59、1.12%,其差异有统计学意义（P<0.01）。结论上海市5岁儿童乳牙患龋率和龋均呈现下降趋势,儿童口腔健康状况有了明显改善,但是乳牙龋齿充填构成比的下降,提示对儿童口腔卫生防治服务应引起足够的重视。     

江苏省3～5岁儿童龋病流行病学抽样调查报告

目的了解江苏省3～5岁儿童龋病流行现状,为江苏省儿童口腔卫生保健工作提供信息支持。方法按照第四次全国口腔健康流行病学调查方案,采用分层多阶段等容量随机抽样的方法,抽取江苏省3～5岁儿童1 337人,其中3岁组441人、4岁组455人、5岁组441人。使用CPI探针检查全口乳牙冠龋情况,计算患龋率、龋均、充填率等。结果 3、4、5岁人群乳牙患龋率分别为47.39%、60.22%和71.43%;龋均分别为2.22、2.94、4.05;龋齿充填率分别为0.72%、1.72%、2.63%。不同年龄组的患龋率和龋均不同(P<0.05),随年龄增长,患龋状况加重。患龋率和龋均在不同性别间的差异无统计学意义。3岁人群患龋率农村高于城市(P<0.01),4岁、5岁人群患龋率在城乡间差异无统计学意义。4岁人群龋均农村大于城市(P<0.05),3岁、5岁人群龋均在城乡间差异无统计学意义。不同样本地区儿童乳牙患龋状况不同。3、4、5岁儿童乳牙显著性龋均指数分别为6.01、7.44、9.03。乳牙患龋率最高的牙位是上颌乳中切牙和下颌乳磨牙。5岁儿童乳牙患龋率和龋均高于2005年,充填率仅有小幅提升。结论江苏省3～5岁儿童乳牙患龋状况严重,应针对高风险人群进行重点防治。     

重庆市学龄前儿童龋病状况调查

目的 了解重庆市学龄前儿童乳牙龋患病情况,同时比较公办幼儿园和民办幼儿园学龄前儿童的乳牙龋患病情况。方法 以重庆市渝中区40所民办幼儿园和16所公办幼儿园的5 030名3~6岁儿童为调查对象,按照第3次全国口腔健康流行病学调查诊断标准进行口腔检查,提取龋病情况资料,包括患龋率、龋均、龋齿充填率等。采用SPSS 21.0软件进行统计学分析。结果 5 030名受检儿童中,最容易患龋的牙位为上颌乳中切牙和下颌乳磨牙。患龋率为54.08％（2 720/5 030）,龋均为2.58,龋齿充填率为0.98%（127/12 993）。随着年龄增长,儿童患龋率和龋均增加（P<0.05）。6岁年龄儿童的龋齿充填率最高（P<0.05）,不同性别的龋齿充填率无统计学差异（P>0.05）。民办幼儿园的患龋率、龋均和龋齿充填率分别为61.04%（1 656/2 713）、3.12和0.35%（30/8 465）,公办幼儿园的患龋率、龋均和龋齿充填率分别为45.92%（1 064/2 317）、1.95和2.14%（97/4 528）,民办幼儿园与公办幼儿园之间有统计学差异（P<0.05）。结论 重庆市学龄前儿童乳牙患龋率较高,龋齿充填率较低,其中民办幼儿园学龄前儿童的口腔健康状况明显差于公办幼儿园。     

沈阳市5375名3～6岁学龄前儿童乳牙龋病流行病学调查分析

目的了解沈阳市学龄前儿童乳牙患龋状况,为龋病防治提供科学依据。方法按照第二次全国口腔健康流行病学调查的要求,对沈阳市53所幼儿园的5375名3～6岁学龄前儿童进行龋病检查,对患龋率和龋均等指标做调查统计,结果采用SPSS11.0统计软件包进行分析,包括t检验、单因素方差分析和χ2检验。结果学龄前儿童乳牙患龋率和龋均分别为71.29%和3.88,龋面均为5.56;随着年龄的增长,患龋率、龋均和龋面均逐渐增加,各年龄组之间均有显著性差异(P<0.05);上颌牙患龋率显著高于下颌牙(P<0.01)。龋齿主要为浅龋,咬合面和邻面龋占绝大多数。龋齿充填构成比为10.82%,随着年龄的增长,龋齿充填构成比逐渐增加。结论沈阳市学龄前儿童乳牙患龋率较高,充填率较低,应加强对学龄前儿童龋病的早期防治。     

辽宁省12岁儿童龋病流行病学抽样调查分析

目的:了解辽宁省12岁儿童恒牙患龋状况,为龋病预防提供科学依据。方法:按照第三次全国口腔健康流行病学调查的要求,对辽宁省城乡6个地区36个调查点的792名12岁儿童进行了口腔检查。结果:在792名受检者中,患龋率和龋均分别为30.05%和0.51,农村和城市地区的患龋率分别为28.54%和31.57%,经统计学检验城乡无统计学意义(χ2=0.87,P>0.05),男女患龋率之间有统计学意义(χ2=10.6,P<0.01),显著性龋均指数为1.53。结论:辽宁省12岁儿童龋患明显低于十年前的状况,但患龋率仍达到30.05%,龋齿充填率也较低,龋齿主要集中于第一恒磨牙,仍应加大预防的力度,以降低龋病的发生。     

Does oral health matter in people’s daily life? Oral health‐related quality of life in adults 35–47 years of age in Norway

To cite this article: Int J Dent Hygiene 10 , 2012; 15–21
DOI: 10.1111/j.1601‐5037.2011.00533.x
Dahl KE, Wang NJ, Öhrn K. Does oral health matter in people’s daily life? Oral health‐related quality of life in adults 35–47 years of age in Norway. Abstract: Objective: The aim of this study was to assess the effect of oral health on aspects of daily life measured by the Dental Impact Profile (DIP) in 35‐ to 47‐year‐old individuals in Norway, and to study associations between reported effects and demographic variables, subjectively assessed oral health, general health, oral health behaviour and clinical oral health. Material and methods: A stratified randomized sample of 249 individuals received a questionnaire regarding demographic questions, dental visits, oral hygiene behaviour, self‐rated oral health and general health and satisfaction with oral health. The DIP measured the effects of oral health on daily life. Teeth present and caries experience were registered by clinical examination. Bi‐ and multivariate analyses and factor analysis were used. Results: Items most frequently reported to be positively or negatively influenced by oral health were chewing and biting, eating, smiling and laughing, feeling comfortable and appearance. Only 1% reported no effects of oral health. Individuals with fewer than two decayed teeth, individuals who rated their oral health as good or practised good oral health habits reported more positive effects than others on oral quality of life (P ≤ 0.05). When the variables were included in multivariate analysis, none was statistically significant. The subscales of the DIP were somewhat different from the originally suggested subscales. Conclusions: This study showed that most adults reported oral health to be important for masticatory functions and confirmed that oral health also had impacts on other aspects of life.     

Oral and general health behaviours among Chinese urban adolescents

Abstract – Objectives: The objectives of this study were to measure the association of general and oral health‐related behaviours with living conditions and to explore the interrelationships between general and oral health‐related behaviours in Chinese urban adolescents. Methods: A cross‐sectional survey of 2662 adolescents was conducted in eight Chinese provincial capitals. The response rate was 92%. The study population was selected through multistage cluster sampling and comprised three age groups: 11, 13 and 15 years. Data on oral and general health, lifestyles as well as living conditions were collected by means of self‐administered structured questionnaires. Several additive indices were constructed from answers to the questions on specific behaviour, and participants were categorized according to scores on each component of health‐related behaviour for statistical analyses by frequency distributions, regression analyses and factor analyses. Results: Oral health‐related behaviours among adolescents were associated with socioeconomic status of parents, school performance and peer relationships. The odds of a dental visit was 0.63 in adolescents of poorly educated parents and the corresponding figure for regular oral hygiene practices was 0.62. Odds of tobacco use was 3 for adolescents with poor performance in school while odds of consuming sugary foods/drinks was 1.3. Adolescents with high levels of preventive oral health practices also demonstrated general health‐promoting behaviours. In factor analysis of general and oral health‐related behaviours, three factors were isolated: (a) risk behaviours (loadings 0.48–0.66), (b) health‐promoting behaviours (loadings 0.60–0.64) and (c) help‐seeking behaviours (loadings 0.56–0.67). Conclusion: The findings support a multidimensional model of health behaviour. Several approaches and multiple methods should be applied in oral health education in order to modify behaviours that affect oral health.     

Oral health: locus of control,health behavior,self-rated oral health and socio-demographic factors in Istanbul adults

Abstract

Objectives. To determine oral health control beliefs of Istanbul adults using the Multidimensional Oral Health Locus of Control Scale (MOHLCS) after confirming its factorial validity and to examine the relationships between these beliefs, self-rated oral health, oral health behaviors and socio-demographic factors. Material and methods. The MOHLCS was administered to a sample of 1200 subjects aged ≥18 years in Istanbul chosen using a quota-sampling method (response 88%). The relationship between the MOHLCS and oral health behaviors, self-rated oral health and socio-demographic factors was assessed after confirming the factorial validity of the MOHLCS. Results. The MOHLCS demonstrated satisfactory internal reliability. Factor analysis results showed a new four-factor solution, namely Internal, Dentist, Chance, and Socialization agents. Multivariate analysis showed that female gender, younger age, higher socioeconomic status, more frequent daily toothbrushing, and regular dental check-ups were associated with higher Internal beliefs, while older age, lower educational level, lower socioeconomic status, low toothbrushing frequency, and symptom-orientated dental attendance were associated with higher Chance beliefs. Being unmarried and low toothbrushing frequency were associated with lower Dentist beliefs. Males and older subjects had lower Socialization agents beliefs. Internal, Dentist and Chance beliefs were significantly associated with self-rated oral health. Conclusions. Compared with the original factor structure, the new factor structure had better goodness of fit for this sample. Self-rated oral health, socio-demographic factors, and oral health behaviors were significantly associated with oral health control beliefs. These beliefs may be useful for planning oral health promotion programs and for formulating advice given by oral health professionals about their patients' oral health behaviors.     

云南楚雄彝、汉民族660名高中生龋病患病情况调查

目的了解云南楚雄彝、汉民族高中生龋病患病情况及口腔卫生保健意识和行为,丰富云南省口腔流行病学数据和资料,指导省内偏远地区口腔疾病防治工作。 方法根据世界卫生组织《口腔健康调查基本方法》（第4版,1997）,并结合第四次全国口腔健康流行病学抽样调查方案,采用整群抽样方法,对云南省楚雄州民族中学660名高二学生进行龋病流行病学调查,应用SPSS 21.0软件包对资料进行处理并进行相关性分析。 结果660名受检者中汉族学生319名、彝族学生341名。彝、汉民族高中生的患龋率、龋均分别为76.2%、3.14和71.5%、2.81,两民族之间差异无统计学意义（P>0.05）。 结论通过流行病学调查获得云南楚雄彝、汉民族高中生患龋率、龋均及其口腔卫生保健意识和行为,提示该地区高中生龋患情况较严重,口腔卫生保健意识不强,省内偏远地区口腔疾病防治工作力度有待加大。     

The social determinants of oral health: new approaches to conceptualizing and researching complex causal networks

Oral epidemiological research into the social determinants of oral health has been limited by the absence of a theoretical framework which reflects the complexity of real life social processes and the network of causal pathways between social structure and oral health and disease. In the absence of such a framework, social determinants are treated as isolated risk factors, attributable to the individual, having a direct impact on oral health. There is little sense of how such factors interrelate over time and place and the pathways between the factors and oral health. Features of social life which impact on individuals' oral health but are not reducible to the individual remain under-researched. A conceptual framework informing mainstream epidemiological research into the social determinants of health is applied to oral epidemiology. The framework suggests complex causal pathways between social structure and health via interlinking material, psychosocial and behavioural pathways. Methodological implications for oral epidemiological research informed by the framework, such as the use of multilevel modelling, path analysis and structural equation modelling, combining qualitative and quantitative research methods, and collaborative research, are discussed.     

Factors associated with perceived oral health status in older individuals

AIM: To assess factors associated with perception of oral health in older individuals. DESIGN: A cross sectional study. SETTING: A densely populated urban area in Sri Lanka. PARTICIPANTS: 585 older adults aged 60 years and above of which 475 were living at home and 110 in institutions. The present analysis is limited to 235 subjects who were subjected to a clinical oral examination. METHOD: The data were collected by means of an interviewer-administered questionnaire and a clinical oral examination. RESULTS: Overall, 48% of the dentate and 42% of the edentate perceived their oral health as poor. The final model of the hierarchical logistic regression analysis for the dentate revealed that presence of retained roots, mobile teeth, >20 missing teeth and perceived need for dental care were significantly associated with poor perceived oral health status. For the edentate, perceived need for dental care, loss of taste sensation and difficulty in eating were significantly associated with poor perceived oral health status. CONCLUSIONS: Factors associated with perceived oral health status differed between the dentate and the edentate. Clinical oral health indicators emerged as significant predictors of perceived oral health status in the dentate although the explanatory power of these indicators on perception of oral health was low.     

Major differences in oral health knowledge and behavior in a group of Iranian pre-university students: a cross-sectional study

To establish efficient methods for self-prevention of oral diseases, assessment of dental health behavior and knowledge in various social classes is necessary. The main purpose of this study was to determine the major differences in oral health knowledge and behavior in a group of Iranian pre-university students. In this cross-sectional study, 591 pre-university students from different regions of Mashhad, Iran were randomly selected to complete a questionnaire consisting of two parts including dental health behavior and knowledge. Scores were recorded and statistical analyses performed to determine the correlation between dental health behavior and knowledge. Data was analyzed with Student's t-test, one-way analysis of variance and Pearson correlation. The mean score of dental health knowledge was significantly lower than the dental health behavior (2.95 ± 0.02 vs. 3.31 ± 0.05, P < 0.001). This difference was observed with gender, birth location and major subject of study. The dental health behavior of Iranian pre-university students was inadequate and their dental health knowledge was at a lower level compared to their behavior. Experimental science students had better oral health behavior compared to other students.     

儿童口腔健康认知和行为对其口腔健康状况的影响

目的:调查上海市儿童口腔健康认知、行为及其口腔健康现状,分析影响儿童口腔健康的因素.方法:采用儿童口腔健康调查问卷和中文版儿童口腔健康相关生存质量量表(child oral health impact profile,COHIP),对上海市城区2018年12月—2019年2月期间的387名小学生进行问卷调查.采用SPS...     

Predictors of oral health counseling by WIC providers

PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to assess selected predictors for the inclusion of oral health counseling by Illinois Women, Infants, and Children (WIC) providers. METHODS: A questionnaire was developed and mailed to all 166 WIC sites to assess attitudes towards oral health counseling. Variables that revealed significant associations in bivariate analysis (P< or =.05) were considered as candidates for building a final logistic regression model in which frequency of oral health counseling was the outcome. RESULTS: A response rate of 76% was achieved after 1 mailing, with 27% of the WIC providers having some form of oral health training. There were no statistically significant differences in the frequency of WIC providers discussing oral health with their clients by age, gender, and level of education of the provider. In the final logistic regression analysis, variables significantly associated with the frequency of WIC providers' dicussing oral health with their clients were having: (1) oral health training; and (2) nursing training. CONCLUSIONS: The results suggest that Women, Infants, and Children (WIC) providers, who have had some oral health training, are more likely to provide counseling about dental disease and its prevention. This information was used to develop an educational tool for these nondental, health care providers.