血管内皮生长因子C与肺癌关系的研究进展

包括肺癌在内的恶性肿瘤是严重危害人民健康的疾病。近年，血管内皮生长因子（VEGF）家族与肿瘤关系的研究成为热点。血管内皮生长因子C（VEGF—C）是VEGF家族的新成员，作为第一个被发现的促淋巴管生成因子，由于其强大、特异的促淋巴管生成作用，在与肿瘤、特别是肿瘤淋巴转移的相关研究中备受关注。现就近年VEGF—C与肺癌关系的研究进展作一综述。     

血管内皮生长因子和肺癌

肿瘤血管生成在肺癌的生长和转移中发挥着重要的作用,众多肿瘤血管生成因子和抑制因子参与了肿瘤血管生成的调控,其中,血管内皮生长因子(VEGF)是己知最重要的血管内皮细胞有丝分裂素.本文就肺癌血管生成中血管内皮生长因子的作用机制、诱导因素及其抗血管生成治疗作一简要综述.     

老年宫颈癌患者组织和血清血管内皮生长因子-C检测及意义

宫颈癌最常见转移方式是淋巴转移,宫颈癌早期就可发生淋巴转移,而是否存在淋巴结转移是影响宫颈癌患者预后的重要因素。研究表明血管内皮生长因子(VEGF)-C是一种特异性淋巴管生成因子,它可以特异性促进肿瘤细胞新生淋巴管形     

胃腺癌中肝细胞生长因子、肝细胞生长因子受体、血管内皮生长因子-C和-D表达的关系

<正>淋巴结转移是肿瘤进展的重要因素,近来相关研究已证实了血管内皮生长因子(VEGF)-C、是促进淋巴管生成的因子〔1〕。肝细胞生长因子(HGF)是一种多功能的细胞因子,其生物学活性由肝细胞生长因子受体(C-met)介导,二者协同参与肿瘤细胞的增殖和运动〔2〕。目前研究显示HGF/C-met是促进肿瘤血管生成的因子之一〔3〕,而二者对VEGF-C、-D介导的淋巴管生成作用尚不明确。本文关注胃腺癌中HGF和C-met蛋白的表达,关注二者与VEGF-C、-D的关系。     

血管内皮生长因子与脑梗死

血管内皮生长因子(vascular endothelial growth factor,VEGF)是血管内皮细胞的一种特异性促分裂原,是最重要的促血管新生因子.VEGF在脑梗死后高度表达,在血管新生和神经保护中起着重要作用;同时,其过度表达也会使血管通透性增加,进而可能加重脑水肿.文章对VEGF及其受体与脑梗死的研究进展进行了综述.     

血管内皮生长因子与肺部疾病的关系

血管内皮生长因子是作用于血管内皮细胞的重要血管调节因子,它通过与内皮上的特异受体结合,发挥促进内皮细胞增殖、分化、诱导血管生成、增加微血管通透性等多种功能。近年研究显示血管内皮生长因子在慢性阻塞性肺疾病、肺动脉高压、急性肺损伤、肺癌等疾病发病中起到了重要作用。本文就血管内皮生长因子在慢性阻塞性肺疾病、肺动脉高压、急性肺损伤、肺癌等疾病中的作用综述如下。     

血管内皮生长因子及其受体与非小细胞肺癌血管新生

肿瘤生长和转移都依赖于新生血管的形成.血管内皮生长因子(vascular endothelial growth factor,VEGF)是血管新生最重要的诱导因子.不同VEGF及其受体的亚型功能相异.目前,对VEGF信号转导通路机制的研究取得了很大进展.通过阻断VEGF的某些环节来抑制血管新生的靶向治疗成为非小细胞肺癌的治疗热点.     

血管内皮生长因子受体与肝细胞癌血管生成关系的研究进展

新生血管是肿瘤生长和转移的基础.肝细胞肝癌是典型的多血管肿瘤,其发生、发展、转移、侵袭都和血管生成密切相关.血管的生成主要依靠血管生长因子和血管生长抑制因子的调控,其中研究最多也是最重要的是血管内皮生长因子(VEGF)及其受体(VEGFR).VEGFR在机体内作用不同,参与肝癌血管生长的主要是VEGFR-1(flt-1)和VEGFR-2(flk-1).针对VEGFR的抗肿瘤血管治疗在实验室取得了不错的疗效,部分已经进入了临床试验.     

血管内皮生长因子及血管内皮生长因子受体在急性肺损伤中作用的研究

血管内皮生长因子是作用于血管内皮细胞的重要血管调节因子,它通过与内皮上的特异受体结合,可发挥促进内皮细胞增殖、分化、诱导血管生成、增加微血管通透性等多种功能.近年研究显示血管内皮生长因子在不同原因、不同阶段急性肺损伤中所起的作用不同.     

血管内皮生长因子及其受体与肺癌血管新生的研究

目的：研究血管内皮生长因子及其受体促进肺癌血管新生的机制，探讨肺癌治疗的新策略。方法：共收集49份原发性支气管肺癌标本，用免疫组织化学技术检测微血管密度（MVD），血管内皮生长因子（VEGF），受体1（Flt1)受体2（KDR）在肺癌组织不同细胞成份中的表达程度。用Kaplan-Meier方法比较不同血管密度患者的生存情况。结果：（1）VEGF，Flt1和KDR在肿瘤细胞，基质成纤维细胞和血管内皮细胞上均有表达。（2）肺癌组织MVD与肿瘤TNM分期，临床分期，病理类型和分化程度等关联不明显，但微血管高密度组患者生存时间短，预后差（P＜0．05）。而Flt1和KDR在血管高密度组的表达程度均明显高于低密度组（P＜0．01）。（4）肿瘤细胞与基质成纤维细胞VEGF的表达程度有密切关联并且具有良好的一到场生。（5）肿瘤细胞VEGF与肿瘤细胞和血管内皮细胞KDR的表达均具有一致性，而与Flt1的表达却不具有一致性。结论：（1）肺癌组织MVD不受或较少受其它临床因素干扰，是肺中层得评估疗效，推测预后的一个独立和良好的指标。（2）VEGF促进血管新生的作用不单取决于其自身，还必须通过受体Flt1和KDR的介导才能实现，VEGF及其受体是抗肿瘤治疗良好的新靶点。（3）肿瘤细胞和基质成纤维细胞可能都分泌VEGF。（4）VEGF通过受体介导的机制均包含旁分泌和自分泌，但两种受体的重要性不同，KDR可能起主要作用。     

血管内皮生长因子C及受体与胃癌淋巴转移关系的研究

目的探讨血管内皮生长因子-C(VEGF-C)及其受体-3(VEGFR-3)在胃癌中的表达及其与淋巴结转移的关系。方法检测延安大学附属医院2012年1月-2013年1月收治的78例原发性胃癌患者胃黏膜VEGF-C和VEGFR-3蛋白的表达,并与20例胃癌患者经病理证实为正常胃黏膜的远切端组织进行比较,分析胃癌淋巴结转移情况。结果 VEGF-C在正常胃黏膜组织中呈阴性表达,在胃癌组织中定位于癌细胞胞浆中,呈弥散性分布,78例胃癌组织中,60例表达阳性,阳性率为76.92%,胃癌组织与正常胃黏膜组织VEGF-C阳性率差异有统计学意义(P0.01);VEGF-C的表达与组织学分级、浸润深度、有无淋巴转移及TNM分期密切相关。VEGFR-3在正常胃黏膜细胞中着色均匀,主要分布于细胞胞浆内,阳性表达率为10.00%;在胃癌组织中的表达异质明显,呈灶状或弥散性分布,阳性率为66.67%,差异有统计学意义(P0.01);VEGFR-3表达与组织学分级、有无淋巴转移及TNM分期密切相关。VEGF-C与VEGFR-3表达呈正相关。结论 VEGF-C及其受体VEGFR-3在胃癌的发生、发展及淋巴转移中发挥着重要作用。     

Blockade of vascular endothelial growth factor receptor-3 signaling inhibits fibroblast growth factor-2-induced lymphangiogenesis in mouse cornea

Vascular endothelial growth factor receptor-3 (VEGFR-3) is a major mediator of lymphangiogenesis. Recently, VEGFR-3 ligands, VEGF-C, and VEGF-D were reported to promote tumor lymphangiogenesis and lymphatic metastasis, and these processes were inhibited by blocking of the VEGFR-3-signaling pathway. Here, we have adapted the mouse corneal angiogenesis assay to study potential lymphangiogenic factors and inhibitors. Immunohistochemical analysis with lymphatic endothelial markers showed that VEGF-C induces lymphatic as well as blood vessel growth in the cornea. By contrast, VEGF induced angiogenesis but not lymphangiogenesis. Fibroblast growth factor-2 (FGF-2) stimulated both lymphangiogenesis and angiogenesis. FGF-2 up-regulated VEGF-C expression in vascular endothelial and perivascular cells. Furthermore, administration of blocking anti-VEGFR-3 antibodies inhibited the FGF-2-induced lymphangiogenesis. These findings show that VEGFR-3 can mediate lymphangiogenesis induced by other growth factors. Because increased expression of FGF-2 and VEGF-C has been associated with lymphatic metastasis, our results provide a potential strategy for the inhibition of lymphatic metastasis in cancer therapy.     

肿瘤抗淋巴管生成研究进展

肿瘤转移是癌症患者的主要死因之一,淋巴管转移是肿瘤转移的重要途径,研究发现VEGF-C/VEGF-D/VEGFR-3与肿瘤淋巴管生成、肿瘤转移、肿瘤预后密切相关.大量的研究证实VEGF-C/VEGF-D/VEGFR-3信号传导轴在调节肿瘤淋巴管生成中起主导作用,临床病理研究也显示VEGF-C/VEGF-D/VEGFR-...     

Vascular endothelial growth factor-C: a growth factor for lymphatic and blood vascular endothelial cells

The endothelial cells lining all vessels of the circulatory system have been recognized as key players in a variety of physiological and pathological settings. They act as regulators of vascular tone via the inducible nitric oxide system and in angiogenesis, the formation of blood vessels de novo. Aberrant regulation of endothelial cells contributes to tumor formation, atherosclerosis, and diseases such as psoriasis and rheumatoid arthritis. Among the most recently discovered growth factors for endothelial cells are newly isolated members of the platelet-derived growth factor/vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) family, VEGF-B, VEGF-C, and VEGF-D. VEGF-C is the ligand for the receptor tyrosine kinase VEGFR-3 (also known as Flt4), which is expressed predominantly in lymphatic endothelium of adult tissues, but a proteolytically processed form of VEGF-C can also activate VEGFR-2 of blood vessels. The lymphatic vessels have been known since the 17th century, but their specific roles in health and disease are still poorly understood. With the discovery of VEGF-C and its cognate receptor VEGFR-3, the regulation and functions of this important component of the circulatory system can be investigated.     

环氧合酶-2和血管内皮生长因子-C与胃癌淋巴管转移

目的　研究环氧合酶 2 (COX 2 )和血管内皮生长因子 (VEGF) C在胃癌组织中的表达及相关性 ,探讨二者在胃癌淋巴管生成和转移中的作用。方法　采用免疫组化方法和逆转录 PCR技术 ,分别检测了 6 4例胃癌石蜡组织中COX 2和VEGF C的表达及其中 2 2例胃癌新鲜组织中二者mRNA的表达。结果　 2 2例胃癌新鲜组织中COX 2和VEGF CmRNA表达阳性率分别为 82 %和73% ,其表达均高于相应的癌旁正常组织 (P <0 0 0 1) ,与 6 4例胃癌石蜡标本COX 2和VEGF C的表达结果较一致。且COX 2和VEGF C表达之间存在明显关联性 (P <0 0 5 )。二者在癌组织中的高表达与肿瘤浸润深度、淋巴结转移等密切相关 (P <0 0 5 )。结论　胃癌组织中有COX 2和VEGF C的高表达 ,而COX 2可能参与VEGF C淋巴管生成通路 ,它们的表达可能在胃癌淋巴管浸润和转移中发挥重要作用     

Pulmonary vascular endothelial growth factor-C in development and lung injury in preterm infants

RATIONALE: In mice, vascular endothelial growth factor-C (VEGF-C) plays an important role in development of the lymphatic system and in pathogenesis of pulmonary inflammation. Its role in development of the lymphatic system in human lung and in lung injury in newborns remains unclear. OBJECTIVES: We studied the role of VEGF-C in developing human lung, and in acute and chronic lung injury in preterm infants. METHODS: Included in the immunohistochemistry study were 10 fetuses, 15 control neonates without primary lung disease, 15 preterm infants with respiratory distress syndrome, and 8 infants with bronchopulmonary dysplasia. Tracheal aspirate fluid samples of intubated very-low-birth-weight infants during Postnatal Weeks 1-5 were analyzed with ELISA. RESULTS: Bronchiolar staining for VEGF-C was observed in all 48 samples. Alveolar epithelial staining was seen in most fetuses (8/10). In addition, staining was observed in alveolar macrophages in bronchopulmonary dysplasia (4/8), and late respiratory distress syndrome (2/7). VEGF receptor-3 (VEGFR-3) staining was observed in lymphatic endothelium adjacent to vascular endothelium. VEGF-C was expressed consistently in tracheal aspirate fluid, being highest during the first 2 postnatal days. Antenatal administration of glucocorticoids was associated with higher VEGF-C in tracheal aspirate fluid. CONCLUSIONS: The pattern of pulmonary VEGF-C and VEGFR-3 protein expression and consistent VEGF-C protein appearance in tracheal aspirate fluid in human preterm infants indicate a role for VEGF-C in the physiologic development of the lymphatic system of the lung.     

Adenoviral expression of vascular endothelial growth factor-C induces lymphangiogenesis in the skin

The growth of blood and lymphatic vasculature is mediated in part by secreted polypeptides of the vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) family. The prototype VEGF binds VEGF receptor (VEGFR)-1 and VEGFR-2 and is angiogenic, whereas VEGF-C, which binds to VEGFR-2 and VEGFR-3, is either angiogenic or lymphangiogenic in different assays. We used an adenoviral gene transfer approach to compare the effects of these growth factors in adult mice. Recombinant adenoviruses encoding human VEGF-C or VEGF were injected subcutaneously into C57Bl6 mice or into the ears of nude mice. Immunohistochemical analysis showed that VEGF-C upregulated VEGFR-2 and VEGFR-3 expression and VEGF upregulated VEGFR-2 expression at 4 days after injection. After 2 weeks, histochemical and immunohistochemical analysis, including staining for the lymphatic vessel endothelial hyaluronan receptor-1 (LYVE-1), the vascular endothelial marker platelet-endothelial cell adhesion molecule-1 (PECAM-1), and the proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA) revealed that VEGF-C induced mainly lymphangiogenesis in contrast to VEGF, which induced only angiogenesis. These results have significant implications in the planning of gene therapy using these growth factors.     

非小细胞肺癌中高迁移蛋白A2和血管内皮生长因子C的表达与淋巴转移的相关性

目的 研究在非小细胞肺癌中高迁移蛋白A2(HMGA2)和血管内皮生长因子C(VEGF-C)的表达与淋巴转移的相关性.方法 提取非小细胞肺癌组与正常肺组织的总RNA后,将其反转录为cDNA,以实时荧光定量聚合酶链式反应方法检测HMGA2和VEGF-C的表达.结果 HMGA2和VEGF-C在非小细胞肺癌组和正常肺组织组之间...     

大肠癌组织中生长抑素和血管内皮生长因子-C的表达及其临床意义

目的探讨大肠癌组织中生长抑素（SS）和血管内皮生长因子-C（VEGF-C）的表达及其临床意义。方法采用免疫组化法检测60例大肠癌组织及20例正常大肠黏膜组织中SS蛋白和VEGF-C蛋白的表达，采用VEGF-C受体FLT-4阳性脉管标记淋巴管计数，分析SS与大肠癌淋巴管生成、转移的关系。结果SS蛋白表达阳性率在大肠癌组及正常大肠黏膜组分别为37．7％和65％，VEGF-C在癌及正常组阳性表达率分别为60％和30％，差别均有显著性；SS表达与肿瘤分化程度、淋巴结转移、淋巴管侵犯及远处转移密切相关，与浆面膜受累无关；VEGF-C表达与肿瘤淋巴结转移，淋巴管侵犯及远处转移密切相关，而与肿瘤分化和浆面膜受累无关；大肠癌组织中SS和VEGF-C蛋白表达呈显著负相关。结论SS可能通过对VEGF-C／FLT-4信号通路的阻滞而抑制大肠癌淋巴管生成及转移。