胃康复对脾虚证胃粘膜癌前病变上皮细胞核及线粒？…

目的：观察胃康复冲剂对胃粘膜上皮细胞核、线粒体Ｚｎ、Ｃｕ和ＤＮＡ含量的影响。方法：应用胃康复冲剂治疗６１例脾虚证胃粘膜肠上皮化生（ＩＭ）和不典型增生（ＡＴＰ）患者,治疗前后均作胃镜检查,取胃窦部粘膜测定细胞核与线粒体的微量元素及细胞核ＤＮＡ含量。结果：４组脾虚证和４组ＩＭ亚型,在治疗前胃粘膜上皮细胞核Ｚｎ、Ｃｕ和ＤＮＡ水平均较健康对照组高,而线粒体Ｚｎ、Ｃｕ水平则较健康对照组低（Ｐ〈０．０５～０．     

脾虚证胃病胃粘膜亚细胞结构及其微量元素、DNA研究的临床意义

采用透射电镜、能谱仪、图象分析技术和组织化学染色，对８８例脾虚证胃病患者的胃粘 膜，进行肠化生分型、亚细胞结构、Ｚｎ、Ｃｕ和ＤＮＡ检测。发现细胞核与核仁增大、分叶枝增多、染色 质密集、线粒体退变，以及核内Ｚｎ，Ｃｕ和ＤＮＡ含量，随下列顺序递增：健康对照、脾气虚、脾虚气 滞证，慢性浅表性胃炎→慢性萎缩性胃炎→胃癌；肠化生完全性小肠型→不完全性小肠型→完全性 结肠型→不完全性结肠型。线粒体及其峙的数量，线粒体内Ｚｎ、Ｃｕ含量，则随以上顺序递减。提示 脾虚气滞证胃病以细胞核蛋白合成代谢旺盛、线粒体能量代谢衰微为特征，也就是以细胞分裂增殖 加速、细胞分化障碍为病理特征；脾气虚以细胞核、线粒体二者代谢同步衰微为特征，也就是以细胞 早衰老化为病理特征。脾虚气滞证胃病是癌前疾病，Ⅱｂ型肠化生是癌前病变。     

大骨节病区和常硒及低硒非病区儿童发铜锌锰铁含量测定

采用原子吸收光谱法测定了大骨节病区、常硒非病区和低硒非病区儿童发Ｃｕ、Ｚｎ、Ｍｎ、Ｆｅ含量。结果表明，低硒非病区组儿童发Ｃｕ、Ｚｎ、Ｍｎ、Ｆｅ含量与常硒非病区组无明显差异（Ｐ＞０．０５），大骨节病区组儿童除发Ｃｕ含量与常硒、低硒非病区无显著性差异（Ｐ＞０．０５）外，发Ｚｎ、Ｍｎ、Ｆｅ含量均明显高于常硒、低硒非病区组（Ｐ＜０．０１或０．０５），大骨节病区组儿童硒以外某些微量元素状况与常硒、低硒非病区     

消化系癌血清微量元素与T细胞亚群相关性研究的价值

目的探讨消化系癌血清微量元素与Ｔ细胞亚群关系的临床意义．方法用原子吸收分光光度法测定食管癌３１２例和健康人１００例血清Ｚｎ,Ｃｕ,Ｆｅ,Ｍｎ,Ｃａ．４８例癌患者和健康人外周血Ｔ细胞亚群用间接免疫荧光法测定．结果消化系癌患者血清中Ｃｕ含量,Ｃｕ／Ｚｎ比,ＣＤ８＋显著高于健康人（Ｐ＜００１）;Ｚｎ,Ｃａ含量,ＣＤ３＋,ＣＤ４＋,ＣＤ４＋／ＣＤ８＋比值明显低于健康人（Ｐ＜００５～Ｐ＜００１）;Ⅲ～Ⅳ期及转移癌患者Ｃｕ含量,Ｃｕ／Ｚｎ比,ＣＤ８＋明显高于Ⅰ～Ⅱ期癌患者（Ｐ＜００５～Ｐ＜００１）．直线相关分析表明：血清Ｃｕ,Ｃｕ／Ｚｎ比值与ＣＤ４＋,ＣＤ４＋／ＣＤ８＋比成负相关,Ｚｎ与ＣＤ４＋／ＣＤ８＋比成正相关（Ｐ＜００５）．多因素Ｌｏｇｉｓｔｉｃ回归分析表明,Ｃｕ,Ｃｕ／Ｚｎ比升高,发生消化系癌的相对危险度升高;Ｚｎ,Ｃａ含量升高,发生消化系癌相对危险度降低．结论对消化系癌患者适量补Ｚｎ,调节和改善宿主抗肿瘤免疫力;Ｃｕ／Ｚｎ比对消化系癌阳性诊断率为７０％,特异性为７３％．因此,Ｃｕ／Ｚｎ值可做为消化系癌的一项诊断指标,并对从高危人群中筛检消化系癌患者有一定的意义     

脾肾阴虚证血清氧自由基损伤初探

目的从氧自由基损伤及机体抗氧化能力方面探讨脾阴虚证、肾阴虚证患者的客观病理学改变．方法观察脾阴虚组３０例，肾阴虚组１６例和健康人对照组１６例．取受检者清晨空腹静脉血分离血清后分别测定：总ＳＯＤ，Ｃｕ，ＺｎＳＯＤ（黄嘌呤氧化酶法）；ＭＤＡ（ＴＢＡ法）；总抗氧化能力（比色法）．ＶｉｔＣ（２，４ＤＮＰＨ比色法）；ＶｉｔＥ（高效液相色谱法）；Ｃｕ，Ｚｎ（原子吸收法）；数据以均数±标准差表示．用单因素方差分析，Ｓｃｈｅｆｅ法作两两比较，Ｐ＜００５为显著性检验界值．结果总ＳＯＤ及Ｃｕ，ＺｎＳＯＤ肾阴虚组低于脾阴虚与健康人组（Ｆ＝１７６９和３０３２，Ｐ＜００５）．脾阴虚组和肾阴虚组ＭＤＡ高于健康人组（Ｆ＝４９１，Ｐ＜００５），而总抗氧化能力却低于健康人组（Ｆ＝５９０１，Ｐ＜００５）．ＶｉｔＥ肾阴虚组低于脾阴虚组和健康人（Ｆ＝６７２，Ｐ＜００５）．结论脾阴虚证、肾阴虚证患者都有一定程度的氧自由基损伤，但在形成的原因和机体防御消除的机制等方面是不同的     

胃癌患者血清,组织和血细胞锌,铜,硒的含量变化

本文应用原子吸收检测技术对３２例胃癌患者的血清、胃癌组织、红细胞、白细胞和血小板锌、铜、硒的含量进行检测，与胃炎组比较，结果：胃癌组血清锌含量降低（Ｐ＜０．０１），而血清铜含量和血清Ｃｕ／Ｚｎ比值升高（Ｐ＜０．０１），血清硒含量降低（Ｐ＜０．０１）；白细胞锌含量降低（Ｐ＜０．０１），白细胞铜无显著变化；红细胞、血小板锌、铜、硒含无显著变化；胃癌组织中锌、硒含量增加（Ｐ＜０．０５），而铜含量无显著变化；锌、铜、硒及血清Ｃｕ／Ｚｎ比值与胃癌细胞分化程度以及有无肿转移无相关性。测定胃癌患者血清、组织、白细胞锌、铜、硒含量，可以估价体内这些元素的总体状态，为观察病情、估计预后提供依据。     

不同病理类型胃息肉的细胞DNA定量研究

为探讨不同病理类型胃息肉的ＤＮＡ生物学行为及其与胃癌的关系，应用流式细胞术对５７例正常胃粘膜、胃息肉和胃癌组织作细胞ＤＮＡ定量分析。正常胃粘膜、炎性息肉、增生性息肉、腺瘤性息肉及胃癌中，ＤＮＡ非整倍体检出率分别为０％、７．７％、９．１％、３６．４％和５８．３％。各型胃息肉和胃癌细胞增殖指数（ＰＩ）均显著地高于正常胃粘膜（Ｐ＜０．０１）；增生性息肉组和炎症性息肉组ＰＩ低于胃癌组，差异有显著性（Ｐ＜０．０５）或非常显著性意义（Ｐ＜０．０１），而腺瘤性息肉组ＰＩ与胃癌组近似（Ｐ＞０．０５）。结果表明胃息肉是一种细胞增殖活跃性病变，其中腺瘤性息肉的ＤＮＡ生物学行为更接近于胃癌，可能容易癌变。     

肝硬化和肝癌患者体内铜含量变化及其临床意义

采用原子吸收分光光度法等对肝硬化和肝癌患者体内铜含量（Ｃｕ）和血清铜蓝蛋白（Ｃｐ）进行了测定。结果表明：①肝硬化患者血清Ｃｐ和尿Ｃｕ高于正常人（Ｐ＜０．０５和０．０１）。②肝癌患者血清Ｃｕ与Ｃｐ呈一致性升高；尿Ｃｕ明显升高且与血请Ｃｕ呈正相关（ｒ＝０．５６７，Ｐ＜０．０１）。③硬化肝Ｃｕ与癌周组织（有肝硬化改变）相近并高于正常肝和肝癌组织。④肝硬化和肝癌组头发Ｃｕ均明显低于对照组（Ｐ＜０．０１）。⑤大肝癌患者血清Ｃｕ明显高于小肝癌患者（Ｐ＜０．０５）。⑥治疗后肝癌缩小与血清Ｃｕ降低相一致。⑦血清Ｃｕ和Ｃｐ可作为诊断肝癌、特别是甲胎蛋白（ＡＦＰ）阴性肝癌的辅助指标，前者亦可作为判断疗效的参考指标。     

胃康复治疗胃癌前病变的疗效分析

目的：观察胃康复冲剂治疗胃粘膜肠化生（ＩＭ）和不典型增生（ＡＴＰ）的临床疗效。方法：中西医证病结合,辨证施治,随证加减应用胃康复冲剂作为治疗组（６１ 例）;不进行辨证浑用胃苏冲剂作为对照组（５４例）。治疗前后均作胃镜检查,取胃窦部粘膜作病理诊断和组织化学染色ＩＭ 分型。结果：治疗组显效率和总有效率分别为５２．４６％ 、９０．１６％ ,对照组为３７．０４％ 、８５．１５％ ,两组显效率有显著性差异（Ｐ＜ ０．０５）。治疗组对不同类型胃粘膜癌前病变的治疗显效率和总有效率均高于对照组（Ｐ＜ ０．０５～０．０１）。结论：胃康复冲剂的疗效明显优于胃苏冲剂。     

HBV 侵犯PBMC致线粒体功能改变

目的探讨ＨＢＶ侵犯外周血单个核细胞（ＰＢＭＣ）后对其线粒体功能的影响．方法ＨＢｓＡｇ阳性６个月以上，无肝炎症状及体征，肝功正常患者５８例．多聚酶链反应检测ＰＢＭＣ中ＨＢＶＤＮＡ，噻唑兰（ＭＴＴ）比色法测线粒体功能．ＨＢｓＡｇ、ＨＢｅＡｇ检测用固相放免法检测．结果慢性ＨＢＶ感染者５８例，ＰＢＭＣ中检出ＨＢＶＤＮＡ３１例（５３５％），ＰＢＭＣ中ＨＢＶＤＮＡ阳性组ＭＴＴ比色法查线粒体功能的Ａ（ＯＤ５００ｎｍ）值明显低于ＨＢＶＤＮＡ阴性组（００５±００３ｖｓ０２９±００７，Ｐ＜００１）．结论慢性ＨＢＶ感染时，ＨＢＶ常侵犯ＰＢＭＣ，并导致ＰＢＭＣ线粒体功能降低、能量代谢异常．这可为ＨＢＶ慢性感染免疫功能异常的原因之一．     

Research and Evaluation of the Influence of the Construction of the Gate and the Influence of the Piston Velocity on the Distribution of Gases into the Volume of the Casting

Distribution of gasses to the cast volume and volume of pores can be maintained within the acceptable limits by means of correct setting of technological parameters of casting and by selection of suitable structure and gating system arrangement. The main idea of this paper solves the issue of suitability of die casting adjustment—i.e., change of technological parameters or change of structural solution of the gating system—with regards to inner soundness of casts produced in die casting process. Parameters which were compared included height of a gate and velocity of a piston. The melt velocity in the gate was used as a correlating factor between the gate height and piston velocity. The evaluated parameter was gas entrapment in the cast at the end of the filling phase of die casting cycle and at the same time percentage of porosity in the samples taken from the main runner. On the basis of the performed experiments it was proved that the change of technological parameters, particularly of pressing velocity of the piston, directly influences distribution of gasses to the cast volume.     

县级以下综合医疗机构医务人员对现代结控知识的认识现状调查

目的本文旨在了解医务人员现代结控知识掌握的现状及培训效果?方法于培训前后进行问卷调查,内容包括:病例发现?结核病诊断及化疗?结果培训前疫情报告和转诊,回答正确者占75.2%?71.7%;对临床表现?查痰和诊断依据,回答正确者占83.5%?42.5%?40.8%;抗痨药物?用药方法?化疗原则?短化方案?短化疗程?治愈标准六项,回答正确者占58%?14.4%?20.8%?9.2%?17%?24.3%?培训后再次调查发现,90%以上医务人员对现代结控基本知识已掌握?结论各级医务人员现代结控知识是很贫乏的,因此,对其进行系统培训是极为必要的,此项工作省时?省力?投入少,可收到事半功倍的效果。     

Preservation of the pylorus and resection of the head of the pancreas

The historical evolution of the pylorus-preservation resection of the head of the pancreas is traced from the first resections early in this century to relative standardization of the operation, to a lowering of the operative mortality, and to an interest in improving nutritional status after resection. There are many theoretical advantages for the function of the upper gastrointestinal tract after pylorus and gastric preservation, such as maintenance of gastric capacitance and equilibration of osmotic pressure in gastric digestants, foodstuff digestion and absorption, and bowel motility. After the pylorus-preserving resection, gastric emptying is normal, pyloric function to prevent duodenal reflux is often normal, and gastric acids and serum levels of duodenal hormones are at normal levels, whereas after standard pancreatoduodenectomy, all of these are often abnormal. No prospective blinded studies have been published comparing nutritional values after the two operative procedures, but evidence is presented of a satisfactory result with regard to gastric capacitance, body weight gain, and lack of postgastrectomy symptoms. An undoubted advantage of the pylorus-preserving feature is a simplification of the operation. These gains are achieved without increase in operative mortality, without increase in the incidence of jejunal ulcer, and without theoretical or actual decrease in value of the procedure as a cancer operation, except in patients with duodenal carcinoma proximal to the ampulla of Vater.     

Preservation of the pylorus in resection of the head of the pancreas

Pylorus preservation has been advocated to decrease the morbidity associated with the classical or standard pancreaticoduodenectomy. The proposed advantages are decreased incidence of peptic ulceration, dumping syndrome, and nutritional problems. However, after an initial period of enthusiasm for the procedure, it is now being found that marginal ulceration at the duodenojejunal anastomosis is encountered with increasing frequency. Delay in gastric emptying occurs frequently, with an overall incidence of 30%. With the availability of better pancreatic enzyme supplements, the current incidence of nutritional problems and weight loss after the standard Whipple procedure is unknown. Whether there is a difference in long-term survival after the two procedures performed for adenocarcinoma of the head of the pancreas is still debatable. A controlled trial is needed to answer many of these questions, and pylorus-preserving pancreaticoduodenectomy should be used cautiously until further data become available.