t—PSA,f—PSA／t—PSA诊断前列腺癌的临床意义

为了探讨游离前列腺特异抗原（ｆＰＳＡ）与总前列腺特异抗原（ｔＰＳＡ）比率对前列腺癌的诊断价值,采用酶联免疫方法分别测定４１例前列腺癌病人,３６例前列腺增生（ＢＰＨ）病人血清ｔＰＳＡ、ｆＰＳＡ,并计算出ｆＰＳＡ／ｔＰＳＡ比率。ｔＰＳＡ界限值为４μｇ／Ｌ时,敏感度,特异度,准确度分别为８２．９％,６０．０％,７２．４％;ｆＰＳＡ／ｔＰＳＡ界限值定为１７．０％时,敏感度,特异度,准确度分别为８７．８％,９３．０％,８４．２％。结果表明：ｆＰＳＡ／ｔＰＳＡ在保持敏感度的同时,可显著地提高特异度,能更有效地诊断前列腺癌     

前列腺特异性抗原的测定在前列腺癌诊断中的价值

目的：针对血清酸性磷酸酶（ＰＡＰ）对前列腺癌检出率偏低的现状，采用目前国内外公认的最佳前列腺癌标志物即前列腺特异性抗原（ＰＳＡ）作为前列腺癌的诊断、分期、判断预后以及监测病情变化的指标。方法：本研究采用ＥＬＩＳＡ夹心法对２０例正常男性、２０例正常女性、２１例良性前列腺增生（ＢＰＨ）、３６例前列腺癌（ＰＣ）、２４例其他癌症患者血清ＰＳＡ进行测定。结果：表明前列腺癌症组患者血清ＰＳＡ非常显著地高于正常男性组、ＢＰＨ组及其他癌症组（Ｐ＜０．００１），而后三组之间ＰＳＡ无统计学差异（Ｐ＞０．０５）。结论：ＰＳＡ测定虽不能作为前列腺癌的筛选诊断，但其测定有助于前列腺癌的监测与疗效观察，同时对鉴别前列腺良、恶性疾病患者有一定价值。     

游离前列腺特异抗原及其与总前列腺特异抗原比值在前列腺癌诊断中的意义

近来有文献报道，对于前列腺癌诊断，血清游离前列腺特异抗原（ＦＰＳＡ）与总前列腺特异抗原（ＴＰＳＡ）比值（ＦＴＰＳＡ）优于单纯ＴＰＳＡ检测。我科收治６２例前列腺增生（ＢＰＨ）患者和４０例前列腺癌患者，年龄５９～８９岁。用放免法测定血清ＴＰＳＡ和ＦＰＳＡ，比较两组间ＴＰＳＡ、ＦＰＳＡ和ＦＴＰＳＡ的差异，并研究ＴＰＳＡ和ＦＰＳＡ间的相关性。ＢＰＨ和前列腺癌ＴＰＳＡ、ＦＰＳＡ以及ＦＴＰＳＡ比值见表１。相关性分析显示，前列腺癌组ＴＰＳＡ与ＦＰＳＡ之间有显著相关关系（相关系数ｒ＝０．４４，Ｐ＜０．０１…     

前列腺异性抗原的测定在前列腺癌诊断中的价值

目的：针对血清酸性磷酸酶（ＰＡＰ）对前列癌检出率偏低的现状，采用目前国内外公认的最佳前列腺癌标志物即前列腺特异性抗原（ＰＳＡ）作为前列腺癌的诊断、分期、判断预后以及监测病情变化的指标。方法：本研究采用ＥＬＩＳ夹心法对２０例正常男性，２０例正常女性、２１例良性前列腺增生（ＢＰＨ）、３６便前列腺癌（ＰＣ）、２４例其他癌闰患者血清ＰＳＡ进行测定。结果：表明前列腺癌症组患者血清ＰＳＡ非常显著地高于正常男性     

前列腺癌患者PSA、PSAD与癌性结节的关系

前列腺特异性抗原 (ＰＳＡ)是常用的前列腺癌筛选诊断方法 ,对于ＰＳＡ 4～ 2 0ｎｇ/ｍｌ的患者 ,前列腺特异性抗原密度(ＰＳＡＤ)有助于和前列腺增生 (ＢＰＨ)鉴别。另外 ,患者前列腺有无结节也是重要体征。前列腺癌患者血清ＰＳＡ、ＰＳＡＤ同前列腺癌性结节之间有何联系 ?我们将做一初步探索。一、材料与方法2 4例活检证实的前列腺癌患者 ,年龄 5 6～ 92岁 ,术前采用放免法测定血清ＰＳＡ ,肛检和Ｂ超检查前列腺有无结节 ,Ｂ超下测出前列腺体积 ,求得ＰＳＡＤ。另选 13例ＰＳＡ >4ｎｇ/ｍｌ的ＢＰＨ患者 (5 6～ 80岁 )也测定ＰＳＡＤ ,作…     

前列腺癌的早期诊断

目的：评价前列腺癌早期诊断的方法及提高对一些基本诊断方法的认识。方法：对１９９１－１９９９年诊治的７０例早期前列腺癌所应用的基本诊断技术进行分析。结果：７０例患者中,６４例（９１．４％）ＤＲＥ（直肠指诊）发现前列腺异常。６６例患者接受ＰＳＡ（前列腺特异抗原）检查,其中ＰＳＡ〉４ｎｇ／ｍｌ者５２例（７８．８％）。６６例患者接受ＴＲＵＳ（经直肠前列腺Ｂ超）检查,其中５４例（８１．８％）发现异常。若将２     

PAP、PSA对前列腺癌及前列腺增生的诊断价值

随着医疗技术的发展,对前列腺疾病的诊断方法取得了长足进步。前列腺酸性磷酸酶(ＰＡＰ),前列腺特异性抗原(ＰＳＡ),为目前前列腺肿瘤生物学中所公认的瘤标,被广泛地用于腺癌的诊断、分期及治疗监测。本文探讨ＰＡＰ、ＰＳＡ对前列腺癌(ＰＣＡ)的诊断价值及与前列腺增生(ＢＰＨ)的鉴别意义,现报告如下。资料和方法一　临床资料　1967—1997年间收治ＰＣＡ186例。年龄36—89岁,平均6890岁。均经穿刺或手术病理证实。根据ＷｈｉｔｍｏｒｅＪｅｗｅｅｔ临床分期:Ａ期15例,Ｂ期66例,Ｃ期40例,Ｄ期67例。186例病理类型中腺癌为159例,移行细胞癌27…     

PSA测定前列腺癌术后复发

最近，能测定血清前列腺特异性抗原（ＰＳＡ）水平为 ０．００３ｎｇ／ｍｌ左右的第三代高敏感性ＩＳＡ（ＨＳ－ＰＳＡ）试剂盒已经问世。日本九州大学泌尿科小藤秀嗣等分析了１００例手术后的前列腺癌病人ＨＳ－ＰＳＡ的测定结果与病理学结果的关系。从病理学上看，这１００例中４２例病变局限于器官（ＯＣＤ），５８例病变不局限于器官（ＮＣＤ）。 ＨＳ－ＰＳＡ ２次连续升高且为初期值的２倍以上，超过限值（０．００３ｎｇ／ｍｌ）１０倍，或第２次测定值上升３倍以上，这种情况称为 ＰＳＡｆａｉｌｕｒｅ（ＰＳＡ－ｆ。而ＰＳＡ－ｆ提…     

前列腺特异抗原和雌激素、孕激素受体在乳腺癌中的表达及其相关性

目的：研究前列腺特异抗原在乳腺癌组织中的表达及其与ＥＲ、ＰＲ表达的关系。方法：采用免疫组化法同１０２例乳腺癌的抗人体前列腺特异抗原（ＰＳＡ）,雌激素受体（ＥＲ）和孕激素受体（ＰＲ）。结果：２６例ＰＳＡ阳性（２５．５％）,ＰＳＡ＾＋和ＥＲ＾＋、ＰＲ之间存在密切关系（Ｐ〈０．０５）。ＰＳＡ＾＋、ＥＲ＾＋的乳腺癌液下淋巴结转移率明显低于ＰＳＡ＾－、ＥＲ＾－的乳腺癌（Ｐ〈０．０５）。结论：ＰＳＡ、ＥＲ、Ｐ     

诊断前列腺癌的肿瘤标记物：前列腺特异性抗原（PSA）用于诊断和分期

诊断前列腺癌的肿瘤标记物──前列腺特异性抗原（ＰＳＡ）用于诊断和分期哈献文摘译中国医学科学院肿瘤研究所（北京市１０００２１）理想的前列腺癌标记物，应具有协助早期诊断、分期和疗后监测的功能，对鉴别良性前列腺增生（ＢＰＨ）和早期癌方面，还要有高度的敏感性...     

前列腺特异性抗原的检测对前列腺癌及前列腺增生的诊断意义

目的　探讨血清总前列腺特异性抗原 (t PSA)、游离PSA (f PSA)、PSA密度 (PSAD )及其f PSA/t PSA比值对前列腺癌 (PCa)及前列腺增生 (BPH )的诊断价值。方法　采用酶联免疫分析方法 (ELISA )检测未经治疗的 62例BPH患者和 2 4例PCa患者血清f PSA、t PSA水平 ,并计算f PSA/t PSA值和PSAD ,对检测结果进行统计学处理。结果　BPH组与PCa组的f PSA、t PSA水平均明显高于对照组 (P <0 .0 1) ;前列腺癌组的f PSA /t PSA值明显小于对照组及前列腺癌增生组 (P <0 .0 1) ;PCa组PSAD明显大于对照组和BPH组 (P <0 .0 1)。结论　检测f PSA/t PSA和PSAD比单一检测f PSA、t PSA可显著提高对PCa诊断的特异性及符合率 ,对前列腺体积较大的BPH和PCa患者 ,检测PSAD更有意义     

TPSA、F／T及PSAD在前列腺癌诊断中的意义

目的探讨血清中总前列腺特异性抗原（TPSA）、血清游离PSA（FPSA）与TPSA比值（F／T）及PSA密度（PSAD）在前列腺癌诊断中的意义。方法对50例健康体检男性、467例良性前列腺增生症（BPH）及116例前列腺癌患者TPSA、F／T及PSAD值的差异进行分析、比较。结果血清TPSA值前列腺癌组（53．26±33．10）高于BPH组（8．12±9．70）及对照组（1．51±1．17）;PSAD值前列腺癌组[（1．59±1．46）ng·ml^-1·cm^-3]高于BPH组[（0．14±0．17）ng·ml^-1·cm^-3]及对照组[（0．08±O．07）ng·ml^-1·cm^-3];而F／T值前列腺癌组（0．22±0．16）低于BPH组（0．27±0．15）及对照组（0．36±0．14）,差异均有统计学意义（P值均〈0．01）。PSA处于4～10ng／ml时,前列腺癌组F／T（0．18±0．13）显著低于BPH组（0．27±0．14）（P〈0．05）;前列腺癌组PSAD[（0．21±0．07）ng·ml^-1·cm^-3]显著高于BPH组[（0．11±0．06）ng·ml^-1·cm^-3]（P〈0．001）。取F／T值0．16、PSAD值0．15ng·ml^-1·cm^-3为临界值时,F／T、PSAD值灵敏度、特异度及阳性预测值分别为81．6％、78．2％、96．1％和53．8％、76．9％、97．9％,诊断效率最高。结论F／T、PSAD是诊断前列腺癌的良好指标,当PSA为4-10ng／ml诊断灰区时,F／T与PSAD对诊断前列腺癌有较好的价值。     

PSAD和游离/总PSA比值在前列腺癌诊断中的意义

 目的　比较研究前列腺特异抗原(PSA)、PSA密度(PSAD)和游离/总PSA比值(F/TPSA)在前列腺癌诊断中的价值。方法　41例前列腺增生和22例前列腺癌患者,术前用放免法测定血清PSA和游离PSA。所有患者经直肠腔内B超测出前列腺体积,求得PSAD,用t检验比较分析。结果　前列腺癌组的PSA、PSAD均显著高于前列腺增生组(PSA：46.3±33.8μg/Lvs7.04±6.91μg/L,P=0.000021;PSAD：1.43±1.21μg。L-1。ml-1vs0.14±0.15ng。ml-1。ml-1,P=0.000055)。两组的F/TPSA比值无显著差异(0.18±0.11vs0.22±0.18,P=0.34)。结果　PSA和PSAD是鉴别前列腺癌的良好指标,对于PSA可疑者,PSAD有助于区分前列腺癌和前列腺增生,本组游离/总PSA比值不能帮助鉴别诊断。     

Molecular forms of prostate‐specific antigen in serum with concentrations of total prostate‐specific antigen <4 μg/L: Are they useful tools for early detection and screening of prostate cancer?

Molecular forms of prostate-specific antigen (PSA) improve the differentiation between benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) and prostate cancer (PCa) in men with total PSA concentrations between 4 and 10 microg/l. To evaluate the diagnostic utility of free PSA (fPSA) and complexed PSA forms for identification of men with PCa in the low PSA range of <4 microg/l, total PSA (tPSA), alpha(1)-antichymotrypsin complexed PSA (PSA-ACT) and fPSA (Roche Elecsys [ES] system) as well as tPSA and complexed PSA (cPSA) (Bayer Immuno 1 system) were measured in archival serum samples from 31 untreated patients with PCa, 66 patients with BPH, and 90 men without prostatic disease. The median ratios of fPSA/tPSA, PSA-ACT/tPSA and cPSA/tPSA were significantly different between patients with BPH and PCa (27.2 vs. 19.4%, 64 vs. 88%, 77.2 vs. 88.2%, p < 0.05). No associations between PSA forms and tumor stage and grade were found. Analysis of the receiver operating characteristic curves showed that these ratios could discriminate better between BPH and PCa patients than determination of the analytes tPSA, fPSA, cPSA and PSA-ACT alone. The use of one of the ratios would have eliminated roughly half of the unnecessary biopsies in this study. The ratios should be considered as potential tools to increase the selectivity of PCa detection at low PSA concentration. The ratios fPSA/tPSA and cPSA/tPSA can be determined using commercially available assays so that one of these ratios could be preferred instead of PSA-ACT determination. The ratios could be useful in assessing the risk of PCa in the individual and therefore in deciding on prostate biopsy for final diagnosis.     

游离前列腺特异性抗原与总前列腺特异性抗原比值在前列腺癌鉴别诊断中的应用

 目的 探讨游离前列腺特异性抗原（fPSA）与总前列腺特异性抗原（tPSA）比值在前列腺癌（PCa）鉴别诊断中的意义。方法 采用电化学免疫发光技术对86例前列腺良性增生（BPH）45例PCa患者和60例健康男性体检者（正常对照组）血清fPSA和tPSA同时进行测定，并计算出fPSA／tPSA，进行统计分析。结果 BPH、PCa组tPSA水平明显高于正常对照组（P＜0.05）。PCa组和BPH组的血清tPSA差异亦有统计学意义，但当tPSA在4.0 ~ 10.0 μg／L范围时，PCa组血清fPSA／tPSA比值却明显低于BPH组（P＜0.01）。把fPSA／tPSA比值划分成8个区间，当fPSA／tPSA比值15 ％作为诊断灰区PCa诊断的临界值时，诊断的敏感性、特异性、阳性预测值、阴性预测值及正确诊断指数分别为72.8 %、67.5 %、62.5 %、82.2 %、50.2 %。结论 当血清tPSA处于诊断灰区时，联合检测fPSA／tPSA比值可明显提高tPSA对PCa早期诊断的特异性。     

f/T-PSA比值和PSA密度对TPSA灰区前列腺癌的诊断意义

目的探讨游离前列腺特异抗原/总前列腺特异抗原(fPSA/TPSA,f/T)比值和TPSA灰区前列腺特异抗原密度(PSAD)(4.0~10.0ng/m l)对诊断前列腺癌的临床意义。方法回顾性分析TPSA在灰区的38例前列腺癌和56例良性前列腺增生症血清PSA相关检测结果,将两组患者f/T比值和PSAD值进行对比分析。结果两组患者TPSA值无显著性差异(P=0.337);f/T比值(P=0.001)和PSAD值(P=0.012)有显著性差异。f/T比值在前列腺癌患者中较低,而PSAD值较高。当f/T比值和PSAD分别以0.15和0.16作为临界值时,其诊断前列腺癌的灵敏度和特异度分别为81.6%和75.0%、65.8%和57.1%。结论f/T比值和PSAD对TPSA灰区的前列腺癌的诊断有重要的临床意义。     

Evaluation of free-to-total prostate specific antigen ratio in the diagnosis of prostate cancer

It'sreportedthatfreetototalprostatespecificantigenration(f/tPSA)canprovidemorebenefitthanthesingleuseofprostatespecificantigen(PSA)inthediagnosisofprostatecancer(PCa).WemeasuredserumPSAandfPSAlevelsin62casesofbenignprostatichyperplasia(BPH)and40casesofPCausingradioimmunoassay,withpatients'agerange59y-89y.RESULTSPSA,fPSAandf/tPSAareshowninTable1.BoththesetwogroupsshowslinearcorrelationbetweenPSAandfPSA,correlationcoefficientofBPHis0.55(P<0.01),ofPCais0.44(P<0.01).Twoslopesha…     

ROC曲线分析波谱定量分析在前列腺癌中的诊断价值

目的：探讨MR波谱（magnetic resonance spectroscopy,MRS）定量分析方法在前列腺癌（prostatic carci-noma,PCa）诊断中的意义。方法：对所有疑诊PCa患者行前列腺磁共振波谱分析,酶联免疫法测定血清前列腺特异抗原（PSA）,经直肠超声测定前列腺体积,计算前列腺特异抗原密度（PSAD）,经超声引导下系统穿刺活检证实的71例良性前列腺增生患者和31例PCa患者,分别测量各个位置（胆碱＋肌酸）/枸橼酸盐[（Cho＋Cre）/Cit]的比值,并取均值。结果：前列腺穿刺阳性组的PSA、PSAD及（Cho＋Cre）/Cit的比值分别为23.73±19.06、0.62±0.42、2.33±0.66;前列腺穿刺阴性组的PSA、PSAD及（Cho＋Cre）/Cit的比值分别为8.61±4.47、0.15±0.13、0.73±0.39。阳性组的检测值均较阴性组高（P〈0.05）。PSA、PSAD及（Cho＋Cre）/Cit在ROC曲线下的面积分别为0.71、0.76、0.84。在保持93.5%的敏感性以上时,PSA、PSAD及（Cho＋Cre）/Cit的特异性是43.7%、63.4%和83.1%,（Cho＋Cre）/Cit较PSA、PSAD能更好地检出PCa。结论：MRS分析方法定量评价PCa的代谢改变,有助于PCa的早期诊断,同时结合PSA、PSAD更有助于前列腺癌诊断的特异性。     

A new Model Consists of Intravesical Prostatic Protrusion,Prostate Volume and Serum Prostatic-Specific Antigen in the Evaluation of Prostate Cancer

The Prostate-specific antigen (PSA) level is largely used to diagnose prostate cancer (PCa) in last decades. However, its specificity is low in patients with a PSA level ranging from 4.0 to 10.0 ng/ml. This study aims to define the correlation between intravesical prostatic protrusion (IPP) and PSA and to establish a new model to predict PCa. A total of 339 patients order than 45 years examined between October 2010 and June 2012 were enrolled. Eligible patients were recommended for transrectal ultrasonography (TRUS)-guided prostate biopsies after measuring total prostate volume (TPV), tranzisional zone volume (TZV) and IPP. The levels of total PSA (tPSA), free PSA (fPSA) were analyzed by using Hybritech calibrated Access tPSA and fPSA assays. A new mathematical model, named IPP removed PCa predicting score (IRPPS), consists of tPSA, TZV and IPP was established. The predictive accuracy of IRPPS, PSA density (PSAD), %PSA and tPSA were compared using receiver-operator characteristic (ROC) analysis. Eighty-six patients had PSA levels of 4.0–10.0 ng/ml. Twenty of them were diagnosed as PCa. Using ROC curves, the areas under the curve for IRPPS, PSAD and %PSA and tPSA were 0.786, 0.768 and 0.664 and 0.585, respectively. We suggested IPP grade had a significant relationship with serum tPSA levels. The predictive accuracy of IRPPS was higher than the other 3 indictors.     

Prognostic significance of epithelial/stromal caveolin‐1 expression in prostatic hyperplasia,high grade prostatic intraepithelial hyperplasia and prostatic carcinoma and its correlation with microvessel density

Caveolin-1 may play a role in cancer development and progression. The aim was to record the expression and localization of caveolin-1 in benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH), high grade prostatic intraepithelial neoplasia (HGPIN) and prostatic carcinoma (PCa). Microvessel density was evaluated with CD34 immunostain. Correlations with known prognostic factors of PCa were recorded. Immunohistochemical expression of caveolin-1 and the MVD was evaluated in 65 cases; BPH (25), HGPIN (20) and PCa (20). Stromal caveolin-1expression was significantly higher in BPH than HGPIN and PCca. There was significant inverse relation between stromal caveolin-1 expression and extension to lymph node and seminal vesicle in carcinoma cases. Epithelial caveolin-1 was significantly higher in carcinomas than in BPH and HGPIN. Epithelial expression in carcinoma was significantly associated with preoperative PSA, Gleason score and lymph node extension. MVD was significantly higher in PCa than in BPH and HGPIN. There were significant relations between MVD and preoperative PSA, Gleason score, lymph node and seminal vesicle extension. Stromal caveolin-1 was associated with low MVD while epithelial caveolin-1 with high MVD. Conclusions: Caveolin-1 plays an important role in prostatic carcinogenesis and metastasis. Stromal expression of caveolin-1 in PCa is lowered in relation to BPH and HGPIN. In PCa; stromal caveolin-1 was associated with good prognostic parameters. Epithelial caveolin-1 is significantly increased in PCa than BPH and HGPIN. It is associated with clinically aggressive disease. Caveolin-1 may play a role in angiogenesis.