长柄双极股骨头置换术治疗高龄股骨粗隆间骨折疗效观察

目的观察采用长柄人工股骨头置换术治疗高龄(70岁以上)股骨粗隆间骨折的疗效。方法 33例高龄股骨粗隆间骨折患者,均采用长柄人工股骨头置换术治疗,术后早期进行功能锻炼。结果术后均获得随访,髋关节功能按Harris评分标准优19例,良11例,可3例。随访期间,未发现人工关节脱位、松动及感染发生。结论长柄人工股骨头置换术治疗高龄股骨粗隆间骨折疗效满意。     

人工股骨头置换术治疗老年粉碎性股骨粗隆间骨折45例

股骨粗隆间骨折是指股骨颈基底至小粗隆水平之间的骨折,多见老年人,并呈逐年上升趋势[1],着不及时治疗,因长期卧床,可引起压力性溃疡等并发症,且治疗不当可引起畸形愈合,影响患肢功能.本文分析人工股骨头置换术治疗老年粉碎性股骨粗隆间骨折的临床效果. 1资料与方法 1.1 临床资料选取2005年2月至2012年2月本院收治的老年粉碎性股骨粗隆间骨折患者90例(男47例/女43例)为研究对象,年龄60～85[平均(69.2±4,2)]岁,按随机数字表法分成观察组和对照组两组.     

高龄股骨粗隆间骨折人工股骨头置换的临床应用评价

目的探讨人工股骨头置换术治疗高龄股骨粗隆间骨折的临床效果。方法选择股骨粗隆间骨折老年患者38例,采用髋关节改良外侧切口入路,骨折断端复位后应用钢丝或粗丝线固定,使股骨粗隆间解剖关系基本得到恢复;常规处理股骨颈,扩股骨髓腔远端,置入骨水泥型特制人工股骨头。术后常规应用抗生素,卧床3～7d进行髋关节功能锻炼。结果38例患者手术顺利,无术中死亡及术后并发症发生。随访3个月-6年,骨折复位良好,生活基本自理,总优良率为88．89％。结论应用骨水泥人工股骨头置入治疗股骨粗隆间骨折可缩短患者卧床时间、减少并发症发生。     

人工股骨头置换与防旋型股骨近端髓内钉治疗高龄稳定型股骨粗隆间骨折的疗效比较

目的探讨人工股骨头置换术和防旋型股骨近端髓内钉(PFNA)内固定术治疗高龄稳定型粗隆间骨折的疗效。方法选择年龄80岁的稳定型股骨粗隆间骨折患者60例。随机分为人工股骨头置换组和PFNA组各30例,回顾分析两组患者的术中出血量、手术时长、卧床时间、术后静脉血栓发生率、死亡率等,并进行比较;随访6个月,比较两组术后1、3、6个月时髋关节功能评分。结果人工股骨头置换组卧床时间、术后1、3个月髋关节功能评价、术后静脉血栓发生率、内科并发症加重率、死亡率均优于PFNA组(P0.05);而PFNA组住院期间总费用、术中出血量优于人工股骨头置换组(P0.05)。结论人工股骨头置换较PFNA内固定术可更好地促进患者术后早期恢复,减少术后静脉血栓形成,提高患者生活质量,降低死亡率,但存在住院费用高、术中出血量大的问题。因此,选择何种手术方式应综合考虑患者的各种因素,使患者取得最大的临床受益。     

人工股骨头置换治疗老年股骨粗隆间骨折体会

切开复位内固定是治疗老年股骨粗隆间骨折的主要方法,但术后并发症较多[1].相比之下采用人工股骨头置换术治疗老年股骨粗隆间骨折可获得早期行走功能的恢复,减少并发症并降低死亡率,因此更具有独特的优势.我科采用人工股骨头置换治疗老年股骨粗隆间骨折25例,并与同期采用传统内固定手术方法的25例进行了对照观察.     

PFNA治疗老年股骨粗隆间骨折的疗效

<正>随着老龄化社会的来临和老年人骨质疏松程度加大,老年人股骨粗隆间骨折的发生率居高不下,严重降低了老年人的生活质量。应积极探寻治疗老年股骨粗隆间骨折的有效方法,以改善老年人的生活质量。本文采用股骨近端防旋髓内钉(PFNA)治疗老年股骨粗隆间骨折,疗效较好。     

老年股骨粗隆间骨折的治疗分析

<正>股骨粗隆间骨折是老年人常见的骨折,大多由于老年患者骨质疏松,较小外力即可造成骨折。由于老年股骨粗隆间骨折患者常合并不同程度的循环系统、呼吸系统或其他内科疾病,如治疗不当且易发生压力性溃疡、坠积性肺炎、血栓栓塞性疾病等,死亡率较高。为了减少并发症的发生和提高患者的生活质量,近年来我院通过应用动力髋螺钉(DHS)内固定、保留股骨距人工双动头置换及不保留股骨距人工双动头置换来治疗老年不稳定型股骨粗隆间骨折,术后疗效显著。     

人工髋关节置换术治疗高龄股骨粗隆间不稳定型骨折中期疗效观察

目的通过中期的随访观察,探讨人工关节置换术治疗高龄股骨粗隆间不稳定性骨折的可行性。方法对2004-01~2009-08于广西壮族自治区人民医院住院行人工关节置换手术并获得随访的38例(38髋)高龄股骨粗隆间不稳定型骨折患者进行回顾性分析,评判其手术疗效。结果所有患者均安全度过围手术期,随访时间平均为(6.2±1.2)年,手术平均出血量为(444.7±304.3)ml;术后开始下床时间平均为(4.7±3.4)d;术后发生脱位1例,术后4年1例出现假体松动,术后5年发生髋臼磨损1例。1年病死率为7.9%,5年病死率为34.2%。存活患者术后3个月、1年、5年的平均Harris评分分别为(77.8±7.5)分、(85.1±6.4)分和(81.2±7.2)分;优良率分别为63.2%、85.7%和80.0%。结论人工关节置换术治疗高龄不稳定型股骨粗隆间骨折具有下床活动早、并发症少、病死率低的特点,早期即可获得良好的关节功能恢复,并于中期仍可获得满意的疗效,对于高龄不稳定型股骨粗隆间骨折是一种可靠的治疗方式。     

人工股骨头置换与DHS内固定术治疗高龄股骨粗隆间骨折的疗效比较

目的探讨人工股骨头置换术(FHR)与DHS内固定术治疗高龄股骨粗隆间骨折的临床疗效及预后效果比较。方法选取高龄股骨粗隆间骨折患者80例,采用随机数字法分为对照组和观察组,每组40例,给予对照组患者DHS内固定术治疗,观察组患者采用FHR治疗,对所有患者术后随访,观察比较两组患者手术用时、术中总出血量、首次负重时间、住院时间、并发症发生率及髋关节Harris评分。结果两组患者手术用时比较无明显差异(t=1.76,P=0.08),观察组患者的术中出血量、住院时间及首次负重时间都明显低于对照组(P<0.05),髋关节Harris评分在90分以上的患者观察组比例明显高于对照组(χ2=4.42,P=0.03),观察组患者的肺部感染、下肢静脉血栓、泌尿系统感染、手术部位异位等并发症发生率明显低于对照组(χ2=17.28。P=0.00)。结论采用FHR治疗高龄股骨粗隆间骨折能明显减少患者住院时间及术后首次负重时间,加速患者术后康复,术后能明显提高患者髋关节Harris评分,提升远期疗效,同时能减少术后并发症的发生,具有高效的疗效。     

人工髋关节置换术治疗高龄不稳定性股骨粗隆间粉碎骨折

股骨粗隆间骨折是老年常见的一种骨折,由于病人大多年老体衰,所以在治疗上很棘手,尽管如此,尽快让病人恢复站立或行走,改善病人全身机能,减少或消除长期卧床的并发症,是骨科同行们的一致观点.我院自1998年始,对老年粗隆间骨折采用人工关节置换的探索治疗.     

髋关节置换治疗老年股骨颈骨折与股骨头坏死的临床效果观察

目的探讨股骨颈骨折与股骨头坏死老年患者行髋关节置换治疗的临床效果。方法对该院2015-07~2016-07收治的股骨颈骨折与股骨头坏死患者90例,按照临床所用不同治疗方案分成对照组和观察组两组,对照组45例患者行人工股骨头置换治疗,观察组45例患者行髋关节置换治疗,比较两组临床效果及预后情况。结果观察组治疗后Harris评分优良率(95.56%)比对照组(80.00%)高(P0.05);对照组手术时间比观察组短,术中出血量比观察组少(P0.05);两组总并发症率分别为2.22%、4.44%,比较差异无统计学意义(P0.05);观察组治疗后总体健康评分[(84.08±15.68)分]比对照组[(66.35±13.05)分]高(P0.01)。结论股骨颈骨折与股骨头坏死老年患者行髋关节置换治疗能够提高髋关节功能和生活质量,临床需加以合理利用。     

长柄人工股骨头置换治疗高龄股骨转子间骨折的疗效分析

目的探讨长柄骨水泥型双极人工股骨头置换治疗高龄不稳定性股骨转子间骨折的临床疗效。方法对2005-01-2010-06采用长柄骨水泥型双极人工股骨头置换治疗75岁以上不稳定性股骨转子间骨折62例,平均随访15个月,观察术后并发症、骨折愈合时间、关节功能情况。结果术后53例患者获得随访,无一例死亡;有1例出现下肢深静脉栓塞,经治疗后痊愈出院;无褥疮、肺部感染、髋关节脱位等常见并发症发生。根据Harris评定标准评价：优43例（81．1％）,良7例（13．2％）,可3例（5．6％）,差0例,优良率达94．3％。结论长柄骨水泥型双极人工股骨头置换治疗高龄不稳定性股骨转子间骨折具有创伤小、手术时间短、下地活动早、并发症少、髋关节功能恢复好等优点,是一种较理想的治疗方法。     

The role of internal fixation in the treatment of femoral head necrosis with ipsilateral hip fracture

Whether internal fixation or hip arthroplasty is the most appropriate initial treatment for patients with ipsilateral hip fracture and osteonecrosis of the femoral head remains unknown. In this study, the prognoses of patients who underwent internal fixation or hip arthroplasty were analyzed and compared to explore the role of internal fixation in treating such patients.We retrospectively reviewed 69 patients diagnosed with osteonecrosis of the femoral head and ipsilateral hip fracture from 1999 to 2018. They were divided into the hip arthroplasty or internal fixation group. The visual analog scale and Harris score were used. The incidence of complications and the conversion to arthroplasty were also investigated to further explore the role of internal fixation.Male patients (male/female: 25/31 vs 20/38, P = .015), younger patients (average age: 46.80 ± 13.14 vs 61.07 ± 15.61, P < .001), and patients with femoral neck fractures (fracture type, femoral neck/trochanter: 21/31 vs 12/38, P = .003) were more likely to receive 1-stage hip arthroplasty. Of 38 patients undergoing internal fixation, fracture nonunion was identified in 9, and progression of osteonecrosis was identified in 16. Meanwhile, conversion to secondary hip arthroplasty occurred in 13 patients. Four independent risk factors for conversion to secondary hip arthroplasty were identified: age of ≤60 years (odds ratio [OR] = 9.786, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 2.735–35.015), male sex (OR = 6.790, 95% CI = 1.718–26.831), collapse of the femoral head before injury (OR = 7.170, 95% CI = 2.004–25.651), and femoral neck fracture (OR = 8.072, 95% CI = 2.153–30.261). A new scoring system was constructed for predicting conversion to hip arthroplasty in patients undergoing internal fixation treatment. A cutoff of ≤2 points indicated low risk for conversion, 3 to 4 points indicated moderate risk, and ≥5 points indicated high risk.Patients who underwent internal fixation had worse prognoses than those who underwent 1-stage hip arthroplasty. However, in this study, hip arthroplasty conversion did not occur in most patients who received internal fixation. Using the new scoring system to identify patients who may require conversion to replacement may help make appropriate patient management and clinical decisions.     

髋关节置换术和空心加压螺钉内固定术治疗老年股骨颈骨折的效果比较

目的 对比观察全髋关节置换术与空心加压螺钉内固定术两种不同的手术方式对老年股骨颈骨折的疗效,以指导选择老年股骨颈骨折的治疗方案.方法 选择126例老年股骨颈骨折患者,回顾性对比分析患者行全髋关节置换术（A组,n=64）及内固定术（B组,n=62）两种不同治疗方式的手术时间、术中出血量、扶双拐下地时间、住院时间、并发症情况及术后关节功能的变化.结果 A组平均手术时间比B组明显延长[（72.8±10.1）min vs（55.7±7.8）min,P＜0.05];A组平均术中出血量显著多于B组[（365.5±51.2）mL vs （180.8±25.3） mL,P＜0.01];A组平均扶双拐下地时间显著少于B组[（7.5±1.2）d vs（48.7±6.8）d,P＜0.01];A组平均住院时间与B组比较,差异无统计学意义[（14.5±2.5） d vs （15.2±2.1）d,P＞0.05].A组并发症出现率明显低于B组（3.13％ vs 19.35％,P＜0.01）.A组Harris功能评分优良率明显高于B组（92.19％ vs 75.81％,P＜0.01）;A组无移位组Harris功能评分优良率与B组比较,差异无统计学意义（90.91％ vs 88.89％,P＞0.05）;A组移位组Harris功能评分优良率显著高于B组（92.85％ vs 60.00％,P＜0.01）.结论 全髋关节置换术适合于髋关节本身有骨关节炎、伴有严重骨质疏松症或有其他老年病不宜长期卧床的股骨颈骨折患者;而内固定术可作为受伤前髋关节活动能力好、骨质量好的或有严重内科合并症不能耐受关节置换的老年股骨颈骨折患者的首选治疗方案.     

全髋关节置换术和切开复位内固定术治疗中老年人股骨颈骨折患者的疗效比较

目的探讨全髋关节置换术治疗中老年人股骨颈骨折的临床疗效。方法将该院2012-01~2015-06收治的68例中老年股骨颈骨折患者按随机数字表法分为置换组(n=35)和内固定组(n=33),内固定组采取切开复位内固定手术治疗,置换组采取全髋关节置换术治疗,比较两组治疗效果。结果置换组手术时间、术中失血量长于或多于内固定组(P0.01),但卧床时间明显短于内固定组(P0.01),两组住院时间比较差异无统计学意义(P0.05);置换组Harris评分为(73.15±5.27)分,内固定组为(52.08±3.62)分,两组比较差异有统计学意义(P0.05);两组并发症发生率比较差异无统计学意义(P0.05)。结论全髋关节置换术治疗中老年股骨颈骨折关节功能恢复更快、更好,可明显改善患者患肢功能,提高生活质量。     

无柄人工全髋关节置换治疗中青年晚期股骨头缺血性坏死12例疗效分析

目的探讨无柄人工全髋关节置换治疗中青年晚期股骨头缺血性坏死的疗效。方法对12例中青年晚期股骨头缺血性坏死的患者进行无柄人工全关节置换术治疗。结果术后全部患者均获得随访,根据Harris关节功能评分标准,其中优9例,良2例,可1例,差0例,优良率为91.7%。结论无柄人工全髋关节置换治疗中青年晚期股骨头缺血性坏死具有优势,效果满意。     

阿仑磷酸钠治疗早期成年非创伤性股骨头坏死的临床观察

目的 探讨阿仑磷酸钠治疗早期成年非创伤性股骨头坏死的临床效果.方法 选择非创伤性股骨头坏死患者83例,给予阿仑磷酸钠70 mg口服,采用髋关节Harrjs评分标准进行治疗前和治疗后的评价.结果 ARCOⅠ型患者治疗前后比较,疼痛评分分别为(38.48±5.55)分对(41.45±3.55)分(t=3.70),功能评分分别为(43.97±2.31)分对(45.06±1.50)分(t=3.76),差异均有统计学意义(均P=0.001);ARCOⅡ型患者治疗前后疼痛[(37.32±6.65)分对(40.40±4.31)分,t=4.06,P=0.00]、功能[(41.66±3.35)对(42.90±2.70),t=3.15,P=0.003]及活动度[(4.42±0.70)分对(4.76±0.47)分,t=3.35,P=0.002]评分比较,治疗后均明显优于治疗前,差异有统计学意义.结论 阿仑膦酸钠能有效治疗早期非创伤性股骨头坏死,特别是ARCOⅡ型,但对其远期效果有待进一步研究.

Abstract：

Objective To evaluate the influence of the alendronate treatment in early-stage adult nontraumatic avascular necrosis of femoral head. Methods The 83 patients with nontraumatic avascular necrosis of femoral head were enrolled in this study. They were given oral alendronate 70 mg weekly, and evaluated with Harris criteria before and after treatment. Results In the patients with ARCO Ⅰ necrosis, the scores of pain and function were higher after treatment than before [(41.45±3.55) scores vs. (38. 48± 5.55) scores, t = 3. 70, P = 0. 001; (45.06 ± 1.50) scores vs. (43.97 ±2.31) scores, t= 3.76, P= 0. 001]. In the patients with ARCO Ⅱ necrosis, the scores of pain,function and activity were also higher after treatment than before [(40. 40±4.31 ) scores vs. (37.32±6. 65) scores, t=4.06, P=0.00; (42.90±2.70) scores vs. (41.66±3.35) scores, t=3.15, P=0.003; (4.76±0.47) scores vs. (4.42±0.70) scores, t=3.35, P=0.002]. Conclusions Alendronate is effective in treatment of early-stage adult nontraumatic avascular necrosis of femoral head, in particular for ARCO Ⅱ patients. But its long-term effect is worth researching in future.     

Outcome of total hip arthroplasty for avascular necrosis of femoral head in systemic lupus erythematosus patients: A comparative study

BackgroundAvascular necrosis (AVN) is a major cause of disability in systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) patients which directly affects the functionality and quality of life. Total hip arthroplasty (THA) is indicated for severe cases with major disability and severe pain. It is still debatable if SLE is an independent risk factor for poor outcome in THA or not.Aim of the workTo evaluate the result of THA for AVN of the femur head in SLE patients.Patients and methods22 THAs were performed in 20 SLE patients and were compared with the results of 25 hips of 22 patients who had THA due to AVN with non-SLE conditions. All patients were followed up after the surgery at 6 weeks, 3, 6 and 12 months post-operatively, and then yearly for functional and radiological outcomes.ResultsThe Harris hip score (HHS) increased from a preoperative average of 26 points to 93.52 at the most recent follow-up. In the control group, the mean HHS was 26 preoperatively and 95.52 postoperatively at the last follow-up. Visual analog scale for pain (VAS pain) decreased from 8 in SLE and 6 in the non-SLE group to 2 and 1 respectively. No significant difference was found between SLE patients and non-SLE patients regarding complications except for more chest infections in the SLE group. No mortality was recorded in both groups in the postoperative follow-up period of a mean of thirty months.ConclusionTHA outcome is as favorable in AVN patients with SLE as in non-SLE.     

两种术式治疗老年患者不稳定股骨转子间骨折的疗效比较

目的 探讨股骨近端防旋髓内钉（proximal femoral nail anti-rotation,PFNA）和人工股骨头置换术（femoral head replacement,FHR）治疗老年不稳定型股骨转子间骨折的临床疗效。方法 收集2017年1月—2020年10月在成都医学院第二附属医院接受治疗的120例老年不稳定股骨转子间骨折患者的临床资料,其中62例采用PFNA内固定术治疗（PFNA组）,58例采用FHR术治疗（FHR组）,比较2组的手术相关指标、炎性因子水平及并发症发生率,记录2组患者随访半年髋关节功能评定情况。结果 2组手术时间比较差异无统计学意义（P> 0.05）,与FHR组相比,PFNA组切口长度较短,术中出血量较少,但下床时间较晚（P<0.05）;术后1d,2组白细胞介素6 (interleukin-6,IL-6)、C-反应蛋白（C-reactive protein,CRP）、白细胞（WBC）计数水平比较差异无统计学意义（P> 0.05）,术后7d,2组IL-6、CRP、WBC水平均降低,且PFNA组低于FHR组（P<0.05）;FHR组...     

Subchondral insufficiency fracture of the femoral head after total knee arthroplasty in a patient with rheumatoid arthritis

We report an 80-year-old woman with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) who was found to have subchondral insufficiency fracture of the right femoral head after total knee arthroplasty (TKA). Initially, plain radiographs showed no obvious changes, but magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) revealed an irregular, discontinuous, low-intensity band on T1-weighted images of the right hip. She underwent hemiarthroplasty of the hip. This report describes a rare case of subchondral insufficiency fracture of the femoral head after TKA in a patient with RA.