Effects of growth hormone in down-regulating hormone replacement cycle on the outcome of frozen-thawed embryo transfer北大核心CSCD

Objective To analyze whether the application of growth hormone (GH) in the frozen-thawed embryo transfer (FET) cycle can improve the pregnancy outcome of patients. Methods The retrospective cohort study including 1042 FET cycles was carried out between January 2015 to July 2018 in Reproductive Medicine Center, the Fourth Hospital of Hebei Medical University. According to medication before transfer, all patients were divided into GH group (group A ) and no GH group (group B). The pregnancy outcomes were compared between the two groups in aged patients (≥35 years), polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) patients and repeated implantation failure (RIF) patients. Results In group A, the maternal age [(31.1±4.5) years old] and the clinical pregnancy rate [67.1% (114/170)] were higher than those in group B [(30.1±4.4) years old, 57.5% (501/872)] (P=0.010, P=0.020). There were no significant differences in the implantation rate, the clinical pregnancy rate, the abortion rate and the live birth rate between group A and group B in aged patients (all P>0.05). In PCOS patients, the live birth rate in group A [65.8% (25/38)] was significantly higher than that in group B [42.3% (96/227)] (P=0.007). In the RIF patients, the implantation rate [37.3% (57/153)], the clinical pregnancy rate [50.5% (46/91)] and the live birth rate [37.4% (34/91)] in group A were significantly higher than those in group B [23.0% (115/501), 29.1% (92/316), 21.8% (69/316)] (P<0.001, P<0.001, P=0.003). Conclusion For the aged patients, adding GH could not improve pregnancy outcomes. The application of GH in PCOS patients could increase the live birth rate. For the RIF patients, the application of GH could increase the implantation rate, the clinical pregnancy rate and the live birth rate. © 2021 Chinese Medical Journals Publishing House Co.Ltdg. All rights reserved.     

手术治疗股骨头缺血性坏死202例(242髋)临床分析

Objective To find out the optimal operative methods for the patients with osteonecrosis of the femoral head according to age and the staging. Methods The current study assessed 202 patients(242 hips)from 1998 to 2008 with an average follow-up of 6.3years (range,1 -10 years), who were operated according to age and staging by Ficat or Catterall. The mean age of the patients was 35.3 years(range,4 -81 years). All patients were evaluated with both clinical and radiographical criterion. Results The postoperative excellent and good rate were 87.2% ,88.8% and 85.7% in each group respectively. The mean Hariss score increased (P <0.05) and the mean VAS score decreased (P < 0.05) in youth group and old group. Conclusions Children who were younger than six years of age and with Catter-all Ⅱ-Ⅲ involvement should be treated by ascularized iliac or greater trochanter bone periosteal flaps. Patients who were less than forty years of age, with Ficat Ⅱ-Ⅲ should be treated by ascularized iliac or greater trochanter bone flaps. For patients with age older than 50 years or younger than 50 years but with severe forms, hybrid or cememtless total hip arthroplasty may be the optimal operation.     

预存式自体输血在腰椎间盘突出手术中的应用疗效研究

目的 探讨预存式自体输血在腰椎间盘突出手术中应用的疗效.方法 采用分层抽样的方法将术中输血的50例腰椎间盘突出症患者随机分为两组,研究组(30例)采用预存式自体输血,对照组(20例)未进行预存式自体输血,将两组患者围手术期出血量、自体输血量及异体输血量、手术前后的血常规变化和输血后不良反应发生情况进行比较.结果 研究组围手术期出血量为(720±665)ml,低于对照组的(1060±558)ml,但差异无统计学意义(P＞0.05).研究组均未输注异体血而且安全渡过围手术期.两组术前、术后3 d、术后7 d血红蛋白水平、红细胞计数和白细胞计数比较差异均无统计学意义(P＞0.05),血小板计数在术后7 d两组比较差异有统计学意义(P＜0.05).研究组未见输血反应发生,对照组出现1例输血反应.结论 腰椎间盘突出手术中采用预存式自体输血可避免输注异体血,避免了异体输血的诸多不良反应,且临床疗效与输注异体血差异无统计学意义.

Abstract：

Objective To investigate the effect of predeposit autotransfusion in operation of the patients with lumbar disc protrusion.Methods Fifty patients of transfusion with lumbar disc protrusion were assigned into two groups by stratified sampling randomly,30 patients whose blood were predeposited before operation in experimental group,and the other 20 patients whose blood were not predeposited before operation in control group.The blood loss,the blood requirements during operations,the hemotological routine indexes and the complications related to blood transfusion were compared respectively.Results The blood loss of experimental group [ (720 ± 665 ) ml ] perioperative period was lower than that of control group [ ( 1060 ± 558 ) ml ],but there was no significant difference between two groups (P ＞ 0.05 ).All the patients in experimental group went through perioperative period safely without allogenic blood transfusion.Hemoglobin,red blood cell and white blood cell were not significantly different between two groups before and after operation for 3,7 days (P＞ 0.05 ),the platelet count after operation for 7 days was significantly different between two groups (P ＜ 0.05).No complication was observed in experimental group but 1 case with complication was observed in control group.Conclusions Predeposit autotransfusion is an effective to avoid homologous blood transfusion and its complications for the patients with lumbar disc protrusion.Furthermore,the clinical effect is not significantly different between the predeposit autotransfusion patients and the allogenic blood transfusion patients.     

营养风险筛查2002的临床应用和分析

Objective To evaluate the clinical application of Nutritional Risk Screening 2002 (NRS 2002) in inpatients.Methods Totally 400 inpatients who were admitted to Tianjin Tianhe Hospital from Novem- ber 2008 to March 2009 were enrolled in this study.Physical examinations,including body height and body meas-urement,were performed the next morning after admission.The nutritional status was evaluated with NRS 2002.Results In all 400 inpatients.NRS 2002 was strongly practicable in 306 patients (76.5%) and weakly practica-ble in 94 patients (23.5%);Ninety-six patients (24.0%) had nutritional risks,which were most common in the department of internal medicine and the Department of neurology.The average age of patients with nutritional risks was (79.0±11.4) years,which was significantly higher than that of patients without nutritional risks [(58.1±15.8) years] (P<0.01).Conclusion NRS 2002 is effective and practicable in evaluating the nutritional status of inpatient.     

血清基质金属蛋白酶3与颈动脉粥样硬化斑块及缺血性脑卒中的关系

Objective To investigate the relationship between the matrix metalloproteinase-3(MMP-3)and the stability of carotid artery plaque,and explore MMP-3's prediction role on the attack and relapse of acute ischemic cerebrovascular events.Methods 100 patients with the first ever acute cerebral infarction,100 patients with chronic cerebral circulation insufficiency(CCCI)and 40 persons without cerebrovascular diseases were enrolled in this study.According to the carotid ultrasound examination,100 cerebral infarction patients were divided into three subgroup: unstable plaque group(45 patients,mixed plaque,soft plaque),stable plaque group(35 patients,plaque Group)and endometrial coarse group(25patients).Matrix metalloproteinase-3(MMP-3)levels of all the subjects were measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay(as basal level).All the subjects were followed up for one year to observe cerebral infarction events.Serum MMP-3 levels of each group,and the basic serum MMP-3 levels were compared among patients who were attacked or relapsed cerebral ischemic with those who had not been attack cerebral ischemic during this period of time.Results 5 patients in the cerebral infarction group had relapse (5%),2 patients in the CCCI group were attacked by cerebral ischemic(2%),and no one in the normal control group was attacked by cerebral ischemic.Serum MMP-3 levels in the acute cerebral infarction group were significantly higher than CCCI group,and both groups were significantly higher than normal control group (P ＜0.05).The basic serum MMP-3 levels in all patients who were attacked by cerebral ischemic were significantly higher than those who had not been attack by cerebral ischemic during this period of time(P ＜0.05).The serum MMP-3 levels of the unstable plaque group were significantly higher than stable plaque group.And both groups were significantly higher than endometrial coarse group(P ＜0.05).Conclusions Elevated levels of matrix metalloproteinase-3(MMP-3)might have something with the stability of carotid atherosclerotic plaque,and participate the attack and the relapse of acute cerebral infarction.Determination of MMP-3 might be used to predict the attack and relapse of acute cerebral infarction.     

组氨酸脱羧酶、肠脂肪酸结合蛋白和二胺氧化酶在肠梗阻患者肠黏膜损伤诊断中的价值

Objective To investigate the clinical values of serum histidine decarboxylase(HDC),intestinal fatty acid binding protein(I-FABP),and diamine oxidase(DAO)for diagnosing intestinal mucosal injury (IMI)in patients with intestinal obstruction.Methods The expression levels of serum HDC,I-FABP,and DAO in 28 patients with strangulated intestinal obstruction,19 patients with simple intestinal obstruction,17 patients with acute simple appendicitis,and 20 healthy control were determined by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA)before clinical treatment,and then the areaa under receiver operating characteristic curves(AUC)of these diagnostic indicators were compared.In addition,the incidences of systemic inflammatory response syndrome (SIRS)and infectious complications were closely observed.The difference of the expressions of HDC,I-FABP,and DAO and their relationship with SIRS and infectious complications were compared among these patients and controls.Results The expression levels of serum HDC, I-FABP, and DAO were the highest in patients with strangulated intestinal obstruction (all P < 0.001), and the expression levels of these three indicators were significantly higher in patients with simple intestinal obstruction than in those with acute simple appendicitis or healthy controls (all P<0.05).The AUC of HDC (0.913) was significantly larger than that of I-FABP (0.877, P =0.000) and DAO (0.873, P = 0.000).When the cut-off value of HDC ≥31.00 ng/ml, the sensitivity, specificity, false negative rate, and false positive rate of HDC were 74.5% , 94.6% , 25.5% , and 5.4% , respectively,which were all better than those of I-FABP and DAO.There were significant differences of the incidence of SIRS ( P = 0.046) and abdominal infection (P = 0.027) among patients with strangulated intestinal obstruction, patients with simple intestinal obstruction, and patients with acute simple appendicitis, while lung infection showed no such significant difference (P = 0.728).The expression level of serum HDC was significantly higher in patients with strangulated intestinal obstruction who were also suffered from SIRS ( P = 0.000) or abdominal infection ( P =0.002) than that of uninfected patients.Meanwhile, the expression levels of serum I-FABP and DAO were significantly higher in the SIRS patients with strangulated intestinal obstruction than that of uninfected patients ( P = 0.027, P=0.017, respectively).The expression levels of HDC, I-FABP, and DAO were significantly correlated with the incideces of SIRS and abdominal infection ( all P < 0.05 ) , among which the level of HDC and the incidence of SIRS had the highest correlation (R = 0.608, P = 0.001).Conclusion HDC can be an effective indicator for diagnosing IMI in patients with intestinal obstruction.     

慢性乙型肝炎患者配偶乙型肝炎病毒感染状况调查和分析

Objective To evaluate the influence of daily contact on HBV infection between hepatitis B virus carriers and their spouses by investigating the infection situation after marriage. Methods Premarital HBV carriers of serum HBV DNA positive were enrolled, family history, the histoty of blood donation, blood transfusion, drug abuse,physical examination, premarriage medical check, extramarital sex and hepatitis B vaccine were investigated in their spouses. Couples who were infected before marriage or vaccined with HBV vaccine were excluded. 68 couples were enrolled with an average marriage time of 12.5 years (0.5-35 years), their HBV serum markers and quantitative were performed. Results In the 68 couples, 54(79.4%) spouses were serum HBV marker positive, of the 54 spouses, 4 were HBV DNA positive. The chronic rate of HBV infection in the spouses was 7.4%, and was similar to the rate in general population(5%-10%). 48(88.9%) spouses were anti-HBs positive, the positive rate was similar to the rate in vaccinated population (85%-90%). Male spouses with at least one HBV marker positive were 22 cases (22/24), occupied 91.7% , female spouses were 32(32/44), occupied 72.7%, there was no difference between the male and female spouses(χ2 = 2.681, P > 0.05). Conclusions Whether HBV carriers' spouse infected with HBV is not correlated with marriage time, gender and HBV DNA level of carriers. HBV infection rate of the healthy people increases after marriage with HBV carriers, but the rate of chronic HBV infection is not increased obviouly.     

Closer look at white-coat hypertension

This review aims to clarify novel concepts regarding the clinical and laboratory aspects of white-coat hypertension(WCHT). Recent studies on the clinical and biological implications of WCHT were compared with existing knowledge. Studies were included if the WCHT patients were defined according to the 2013 European Society of Hypertension guidelines, i.e., an office blood pressure(BP) of ≥ 140/90 mm Hg, a home BP of ≤ 135/85 mm Hg, and a mean 24-h ambulatory BP of ≤ 130/80 mm Hg. WCHT studies published since 2000 were selected, although a few studies performed before 2000 were used for comparative purposes. True WCHT was defined as normal ABPM and home BP readings, and partial WCHT was defined as an abnormality in one of these two readings. The reported prevalence of WCHT was 15%-45%. The incidence of WCHT tended to be higher in females and in non-smokers. Compared with normotensive(NT) patients, WCHT was associated with a higher left ventricular mass index, higher lipid levels, impaired fasting glucose, and decreased arterial compliance. The circadian rhythm in WCHT patients was more variable than in NT patient's, with a higher pulse pressure and non-dipping characteristics. Compared with sustained hypertension patients, WCHT patients have a better 10-year prognosis; compared with NT patients, WCHT patients have a similar stroke risk, but receivemore frequent drug treatment. There are conflicting results regarding WCHT and markers of endothelial damage, oxidative stress and inflammation, and the data imply that WCHT patients may have a worse prognosis. Nitric oxide levels are lower, and oxidative stress parameters are higher in WCHT patients than in NT patients, whereas the antioxidant capacity is lower in WCHT patients than in NT patients. Clinicians should be aware of the risk factors associated with WCHT and patients should be closely monitored especially to identify target organ damage and metabolic syndrome.     

Comparison of the early follicular long-term protocol and antagonist protocol in unexplained infertility patients北大核心CSCD

Objective To investigate the clinical effects and pregnancy outcomes of the early follicular long-term protocol and antagonist protocol in the treatment of unexplained infertility patients. Methods From January 2018 to January 2019, 642 cases of unexplained infertility patients with early follicular long-term protocol and antagonist protocol in in vitro fertilization/ intracytoplasmic sperm injection and embryo transfer (IVF/ICSI-ET) were collected using the clinical assisted reproductive technologies management system software database of the Department of Reproductive Medicine of the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University. Patients were divided into early follicular long-term protocol (n=283) and antagonist protocol (n=359) groups. The clinical outcomes of the two groups were analyzed retrospectively, including the implantation rate, the clinical pregnancy rate, and the live birth rate. Furthermore, the pregnancy outcomes of different age and body mass index (BMI) patients were further analyzed. Results 1) The BMI in the antagonist protocol group was higher than that in early follicular long-term protocol group [(22.17±2.96) kg/m2vs. (21.68±2.29) kg/m2, P=0.018]. The other based data did not exhibit remarkable difference between the two groups (P>0.05). 2) The starting dosage of gonadotropin (Gn) in early follicular long-term protocol group was less than that of antagonist group [(149.74± 36.24) IU vs. (177.97±38.85) IU, P<0.001]. While the total duration and dosage of Gn used in early follicular long-term protocol group were significantly higher than those in antagonist group [(11.93± 2.26) d vs. (8.86±1.45) d, P<0.001; (1 908.35±632.36) IU vs. (1 638.57±497.23) IU, P<0.001). The cleavage embryo implantation rate, the clinical pregnancy rate and the live pregnancy rate in fresh cycle in early follicular long-term protocol group were significantly higher than those in the antagonist group [57.14% (152/266) vs. 39.53% (68/172), P<0.001; 66.48% (121/182) vs. 51.72% (60/116), P=0.011; 59.89% (109/182) vs. 40.52% (47/116), P=0.001]. The incidence of moderate and severe ovarian hyperstimulation syndrome between the two groups were not statistically different (P>0.05). Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that different protocols and age were both risk factors for clinical pregnancy and live birth of cleavage embryo transfer [2.261 (95% CI=1.333-3.836), P=0.002; 0.928(95% CI=0.869-0.991), P=0.026; 2.598(95% CI=1.535-4.397), P<0.001; 0.906(95% CI=0.849-0.967), P=0.003]. 3) In patients under 35 years old, the clinical pregnancy rate and the live birth rate in early follicular long-term protocol group were higher than those of the antagonist group, but there was no statistical difference (all P>0.05). The fresh embryo cycle implantation rate, the clinical pregnancy rate and the live birth rate of 35-39 years old patients in the early follicular long-term protocol group were higher than those in the antagonist group, but there was no statistical difference (all P>0.05). 4) In normal BMI group, the implantation rate, the clinical pregnancy rate and the live birth rate in early follicular long-term protocol group were significantly higher than those in the antagonist group [55.71% (122/219) vs. 37.82% (45/119), P=0.002; 63.58% (96/151) vs. 46.99% (39/83), P=0.014; 58.94% (89/151) vs. 39.76% (33/83), P=0.005]. In the overweight population, the implantation rate and the clinical pregnancy rate in early follicular long-term protocol group were significantly higher than those in the antagonist group [68.09% (32/47) vs. 43.40% (23/53), P=0.013; 81.25% (26/32) vs. 57.14% (20/35), P=0.034], but there was no statistically significant difference in the live birth rate (P>0.05). Conclusion Compared with the antagonist protocol, early follicular long-term protocol for unexplained infertility patients may achieve higher clinical pregnancy outcomes in IVF fresh cycle, but it could increased the duration of descending, the duration and dosage of Gn used. © 2021 Chinese Medical Journals Publishing House Co.Ltdg. All rights reserved.     

精氨酸刺激试验评估胰岛β细胞功能的临床价值

Objective To investigate the value of intravenous arginine stimulation test (AST) in evaluating function of pancreatic islet beta cell response in patients of diabetes mellitus. Methods Twentyone patients with type 1 diabetes mellitus (DM1, DM1 group) and 113 patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM2, DM2 group) were recruited in this study. DM2 patients were divided into two sub-groups, DM2a group (duration of no more than 1 year, 58 patients) and DM2b group (more than 1 year, 55 patients). The serum levels of C-peptide (CP) were determined at fasting and 2,3,4,5 minutes after intravenous injection of 5 g arginine. Results In DM1 group, the level of CP after injection of arginine was. similar to the fasting level (P> 0.05 ). In DM2 group, the peak level of CP appeared at 3th minute (CP3) during AST, and was significantly higher than fasting CP level(P < 0.01 ). The level of fasting and arginine-stimulated CP in DM2a group was significantly higher than that in DM2b group, and the level of fasting and arginine-stimulated CP in DM2b group was significantly higher than that in DM1 group. The patients of DM1 group whose level of CP3 < 600 pmol/L all needed insulin injection to control hyperglycemia, and the coincident rate was 100.0%.In DM2 group, there were 91 patients whose CP3 ≥600 pmol/L, among which 85 patients could be well controlled with diet or oral hypoglycemic agents, and the coincidentrate was 93.4%; there were 22 patients whose CP3 < 600 pmol/L, among which 19 patients need insulin injection to control hyperglycemia, and the coincident rate was 86.4%. Conclusions AST is valuable in assessing the function of pancreatic islet beta cell in patients with diabetes mellitus. The level of CP3 ≥600 pmol/L can be considered as a reference in diagnosis and treatment of diabetes mellitus.     

输血传播庚型肝炎的前瞻性观察

目的了解庚型肝炎（ＨＧ）在我国输血后肝炎中的发生率及其与输血后乙型肝炎（ＨＢ）、丙型肝炎（ＨＣ）的关系。方法检测１３８例因手术输血病人在输血前后的ＨＢｓＡｇ、抗－ＨＢｓ，ＨＢｅＡｇ、抗－ＨＢｅ、抗－ＨＢｃ、抗－ＨＣＶ、ＨＣＶＲＮＡ和ＨＧＶＲＮＡ。结果５３例发生输血后肝炎病毒感染，其中丙型肝炎病毒感染４８例；乙型肝炎病毒感染２例（含１例两型混合感染）。７例输血后可用巢式ＲＴ－ＰＣＲ法查到庚型肝炎病毒感染，３例合并丙型肝炎病毒感染者均有ＡＬＴ增高。４例单纯ＨＧＶ感染者，ＡＬＴ均正常。ＨＧＶＲＮＡ持续１个月至半年不等。５例输血后ＨＧＶ感染的病人可查到供血，其中３例病人至少有１份供血ＨＧＶＲＮＡ阳性。结论单纯ＨＧＶ感染的献血员和输血后感染者均无病毒性肝炎的临床表现和ＡＬＴ改变，与ＨＧＶ作为一种重要肝炎病毒的观点不相符。     

献血员人群HCV感染状况及其输血传播的调查

采用ELISA对1572份献血员血清进行抗HCV检测,阳性率为12.15％。其中女性献血员抗HCV阳性率较男性为高、单采浆献血员者较单纯献血全血者为高,抗HCV检测阳性率随献血员年龄增长而增高。近期ALT升高的单采浆献血者血清抗HCV阳性者显著地高于无近期ALT升高史的同类单采浆献血员。结果证实严格开展献血员HCV感染者筛选将有助于输血相关性的丙肝的预防。     

输血传播性丙型肝炎病毒感染的相关因素探讨

目的研究输血传播性丙型肝炎与输血量、抗-HCV和ALT筛检献血血液、国内厂商的抗-HCV试剂盒质量的关系。方法抗-HCV采用ELISA检测，ALT用速率法测定，HCVRNA用RT-PCR定性测定，相关因素的统计分析应用2检验和相关回归分析。结果输血传播性丙型肝炎发生率与输血量X（U）呈正相关。输入经抗-HCV筛检的血液比输入未经抗-HCV筛检的血液的丙肝发生率减少79．76％，有非常显著的意义（χ^2=315．,06，P〈0．001）。献血者ALT异常数与抗-HCV阳性两者有关联性（χ^2=176．81，P〈0．001），但关系很疏远（Pearson列联系数C=0．046）。国产ELISA抗-HCV试剂盒的弱阳性重复性符合率的差异无统计学意义（χ^2=2．66，P〉0．05），合计弱阳性重复性符合率是62．84％，不确定率是37，16％；总体阳性重复性符合率之间的差异有非常显著的统计学意义（χ^2=10．02，P〈0．001），合计总阳性重复性符合率是90．01％，总不确定率是9．99％。配对比较国产ELISA抗一HCV试剂阳性检出率差异有非常显著的统计学意义（χ^2=8．05、30．11，P〈0．01）。结论随着输血量的增大，输血后丙型肝炎感染的危险性随之增大，符合Frost—Reed模型。建议血站用高质量的ELISA抗HCV试剂，并增加HCVAg或HCVRNA检测以缩短感染的“窗口期”，减少HCV病毒感染的残余风险度，保证输血安全。     

丙型肝炎病毒再感染与初次感染对比研究

用套式ＰＣＲ法检测ＨＣＶＲＮＡ，对比研究了ＨＣＶ再感染与初次感染。１０例初次感染ＨＣＶ者，９例为临床型肝炎，１例亚临床型，首次ＡＩ／Ｔ升高距输血的时间为１５～６０天（平均３７．９±１３．９）；抗－ＨＣＶ和ＨＣＶ－ＲＮＡ阳性１年以上分别为１０／１０和７／１０。５例再感染者，４例为临床型肝炎，１例亚临床型，ＡＬＴ首次升高距输血时间为３０～４６天（平均３４．８±６．ｈ），抗－ＨＣＶ和ＨＣＶＲＮＡ阳性１年以上分别为５／５和３／５。结果表明，ＨＣＶ再感染与初次感染在临床表现、ＡＬＴ异常。抗－ＨＣＶ和ＨＣＶＲＮＡ阳性持续时间等均无明显差异，提示ＨＣＶ感染后诱发的免疫力较差，再感染仍可发病。     

出入境人员丙型肝炎传染性及危险因子研究

目的了解出入境人员丙型肝炎(HCV)感染水平,研究HCV感染者的传染性及影响感染的危险因子。方法采用酶联免疫吸附试验(ELISA)筛查出入境人员抗-HCV,并对150份抗-HCV阳性血清采用实时荧光定量PCR法测定HCV RNA病毒载量,以性别、年龄、抗-HCV阴性、HCV RNA阴性、1∶4比例为匹配条件,选择600例为阴性对照组。采用单因素和多因素非条件Logistic回归分析。结果23781名出入境人员传染病监测体检中,检出抗-HCV阳性150例,检出率为0.63%。男女间感染HCV的几率均等;抗-HCV阳性率随年龄增长而升高,各年龄组间差异有统计学意义(χ2=86.065,P<0.001);外籍人员抗-HCV阳性率显著低于中国籍,两者差异有统计学意义(χ2=12.376,P<0.005);78.67%抗-HCV阳性者HCV RNA病毒处于复制状态,抗-HCV滴度≥1∶64感染者HCV RNA病毒载量均≥1.02×104copy/ml,各抗体滴度间病毒载量有显著性差异(χ2=136.593,P<0.001);经单因素回归分析发现,年龄、国籍、谷丙转氨酶(ALT)、天门冬氨酸转氨酶(AST)、直接胆红素(DBIL)、尿素(BUN)、总胆固醇(CHOL)、低密度脂蛋白(LDL)等8个因子均有统计学意义,对这8个因子进行多因素Logistic逐步回归分析,年龄、ALT、LDL等3个因子进入模型。结论78.67%出入境人员HCV感染者具有传染性,抗-HCV滴度≥1∶64指标可作为HCV具有传染性的判断指标;影响HCV感染的危险因子有年龄、国籍、ALT、AST、DBIL、BUN、CHOL、LDL等8个。     

慢性丙型肝炎患者血清BLyS的水平及其临床意义

目的 研究慢性丙型肝炎患者血清BlyS因子水平及其临床意义.方法 采用ELISA法检测58例慢性丙肝患者的血清BLyS水平,并与40例健康对照组比较,检测慢性丙肝患者的检测类风湿因子、肝纤维化血清学指标、以及免疫球蛋白水平,分析他们与BLyS表达水平之间的关系.结果 慢性丙肝患者的平均血清BLys水平高于健康对照组[(4.7±1.1)ng/ml VS(3.1±0.67)ng/ml,P＜0.01)]慢性丙肝患者中类风湿因子阳性者高于类风湿因子阴性[(5.4±0.98)ng/ml VS(4.4 ±1.0)ng/ml,P＜0.01)].BLyS水平与肝纤维化血清学指标透明质酸(HA)、层黏连蛋白(LN)、Ⅲ型前胶原(PCⅢ)、Ⅳ型胶原(Ⅳ-C)有一定的相关性,而与免疫球蛋白(IgG,IgM,IgA),谷丙转氨酶(ALT),HCV-RNA无相关性.结论 慢性丙肝患者存在BLyS过度表达,BLyS可能与慢性丙肝的自身免疫现象以及肝纤维化程度有一定的关系.     

丙型肝炎医院感染患者及供血员血清病毒含量随访检测

目的：研究医院内输血后丙型肝炎病毒（HCV）感染的临床流行病特点,探讨改进供血筛检的方法。方法：以RT－PCR法对HCV感染的受血及相关供血血清进行HCV RNA定量分析,并检测ALT及抗－HCV。结果：致输血后HCV感染的供血中,HCV RNA平均含量为10^8.65拷贝／L,抗－HCV及ALT的异常检出率及水平随病毒滴度升高而增加,结论：低含量HCV供血即可导致输血后感染,病毒含量与抗－HCV阳性及ALT水平有显著正相关,采用ALT加抗－HCV联合筛检供血可明显降低输血后HCV感染。     

HIV感染者混合感染HBV、HCV的调查研究

目的分析常德市近13年来人类免疫缺陷病毒(HIV)合并感染乙型肝炎病毒(HBV)、丙型肝炎病毒(HCV)状况及其预后,为揭示HIV、HBV、HCV混合感染规律,为HIV的预防、治疗及判断预后提供科学依据。方法按照国家标准检验方法对常德市120例HIV感染者进行CD4 、CD8 T淋巴细胞计数,丙氨酸氨基转移酶(ALT)、门冬氨酸氨基转移酶(AST)检测,HBV五项、抗HCV检测,对检测结果做系统的比较和分析。结果120例HIV感染者中,以青壮年为主要人群,以性传播为主要感染方式;混合HCV、HBV感染者有71例,占所有HIV感染者的59.17%。混合感染中,男性明显多于女性(P<0.05),血液传播和静脉吸毒为主要的感染方式,且HIV/HCV,HIV/HBV/HCV混合感染的ALT、AST异常比例明显高于HIV单独感染(P<0.05),HIV/HBV、HIV/HCV、HIV/HBV/HCV三种感染模式的CD4 T淋巴细胞计数明显低于HIV单一感染(P<0.05)。结论HIV感染者混合感染HBV、HCV现状日趋严重,特别在经血液传播、静脉吸毒传播的男性HIV感染人群中更加明显。HIV与多种肝炎病毒合并感染可能加速肝脏和免疫系统的损害,导致更高的发病率和死亡率,影响HIV感染的进程及高效抗逆转录病毒治疗(HAART)。     

Die chronische Hepatitis C der Mutter ist keine Kontraindikation für das Stillen

To evaluate the risk of hepatitis C virus (HCV) transmission via breast milk, we collected 165 samples of breast milk from 143 chronically HCV-infected women at 152 deliveries (153 children). Samples were collected between the 31st day prior to and the 384th day after delivery (median, fourth day post partum). None of the 165 milk samples were positive for HCV RNA. To exclude inhibitory effects of components of the milk on our PCR, 120 milk samples were divided and spiked with both serum drawn from an HCV negative and an HCV infected patient. In 79 of 99 samples spiked with serum drawn from a viremic patient, HCV-RNA could be detected. Thus, milk does not interfere with the PCR. In 134 cases, a maternal serum sample was drawn during pregnancy or until 6 months thereafter (median, 3 days post partum) and tested for HCV virus. Of these, 89 women (66.4%) had positive PCR results with concentrations of HCV RNA between 1×10² and 1×10⁷ copies/ml (median, 6×10³ copies/ml). Of 153 breastfed children, 151 could also be tested for HCV. Only three of these (2.0%) had acquired the infection; a rate which is less than the 4.0% observed in the collective of 624 vertically HCV exposed children studied at our center. Two of these HCV positive children had already become infected in utero and one of them probably cleared the virus. The third HCV positive child obviously became infected late in pregnancy or around delivery. Hence, chronic HCV infection of a woman is no contraindication for breast-feeding.     

有偿献血HCV高危人群IL-6水平与HCV RNA及肝功能的相关性研究

目的 了解有偿献血丙型肝炎病毒（hepatitis C virus,HCV）高危人群血浆白细胞介素6（interleukin 6,IL-6）水平与HCV RNA病毒载量及肝功能指标的相关性,探讨细胞因子在HCV感染慢性化机制中的作用。方法 采用酶联免疫吸附法（enzyme-linked immunosorbent,ELISA）检测HCV持续感染者（138例）和对照组未感染者（152例）的血浆IL-6水平,采用荧光定量聚合酶链反应（fluorescence quantitative polymerase chain reaction,FQ-PCR）法检测其HCV RNA水平,采用Spearman相关和偏相关分析以上指标间的相关性。结果 HCV慢性感染者的血浆IL-6水平高于对照组（t=-3.066,P=0.002）;IL-6与丙氨酸氨基转移酶（alanine aminotransferase,ALT）和天门冬氨酸氨基转移酶（aspartate aminotransferase,AST）水平均呈正相关（调整前:r_ALT=0.186,P_ALT=0.001,r_AST=0.177,P_AST=0.003;调整后:r_ALT=0.200,P_ALT=0.001,r_AST=0.127,P_AST=0.039）;IL-6与HCV RNA水平呈正相关（调整前r=0.199,P=0.019;调整后r=0.200,P=0.025）。结论 血浆IL-6可能与HCV慢性感染密切相关,宿主免疫在HCV感染的慢性化机制中可能发挥着不可忽视的作用。