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目的 比较国家传染病自动预警系统(预警系统)中时间模型与时空模型在传染病暴发探测中的应用效果.方法 采用预警信号数、灵敏度、错误预警率和暴发探测时间等指标,分析比较2009年12月6日至2010年12月5日预警系统在20个省的221个试点县(区)采用时间模型和时空模型进行暴发探测的效果.结果 时间模型和时空模型灵敏度相同(均为98.15%),但时空模型较时间模型减少了59.86%(15 702条)的预警信号,时空模型的错误预警率(0.73%)低于时间模型(1.79%),时空模型的暴发探测时间(0d)也短于时间模型(1 d).结论 预警系统中的时空模型较时间模型具有更好的暴发探测效果. 相似文献
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目的 比较国家传染病自动预警系统(预警系统)中时间模型与时空模型在传染病暴发探测中的应用效果.方法 采用预警信号数、灵敏度、错误预警率和暴发探测时间等指标,分析比较2009年12月6日至2010年12月5日预警系统在20个省的221个试点县(区)采用时间模型和时空模型进行暴发探测的效果.结果 时间模型和时空模型灵敏度相同(均为98.15%),但时空模型较时间模型减少了59.86%(15 702条)的预警信号,时空模型的错误预警率(0.73%)低于时间模型(1.79%),时空模型的暴发探测时间(0d)也短于时间模型(1 d).结论 预警系统中的时空模型较时间模型具有更好的暴发探测效果. 相似文献
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目的 比较采用不同基线数据传染病暴发探测方法的效果.方法 以2009年6个省(市)报告的手足口病(HFMD)病例和暴发为数据来源,对C1、C2、C3三种传染病暴发探测方法均选用基于"区分与不区分周末和工作日"两种基线数据进行运算,以暴发探测时间(TTD)和错误预警率(FAR)作为算法功效的评价指标,比较C1、C2和C3分别基于两种基线数据的暴发探测效果.结果 2009年6个省(市)共报告了HFMD病例405 460例,工作日期问每县每日平均报告1.78例,周末每县每日平均报告1.29例,两者差异具有统计学意义(P<0.01).采用不区分周末和工作日的基线数据时,C1、C2和C3的最优阈值分别为0.2、0.4和0.6,TTD均为1 d,FAR分别为5.33%、4.88%和4.50%;采用区分周末和工作日的基线数据时,C1、C2和C3的最优阈值分别为0.4、0.6和1.0,TTD均为1 d,FAR分别为4.81%、4.75%和4.16%,三种方法的FAR均低于采用不区分周末和工作日的基线数据.结论 HFMD在工作日与周末报告的病例数有显著差异;C1、C2和C3三种异常探测方法采用区分周末和工作日的基线数据可降低FAR,提高暴发探测的准确性.Abstract: Objective To compare the performance of aberration detection algorithm for infectious disease outbreaks, based on two different types of baseline data. Methods Cases and outbreaks of hand-foot-and-mouth disease (HFMD) reported by six provinces of China in 2009 were used as the source of data. Two types of baseline data on algorithms of C1 ,C2 and C3 were tested, by distinguishing the baseline data of weekdays and weekends. Time to detection (TTD) and false alarm rate (FAR) were adopted as two evaluation indices to compare the performance of 3 algorithms based on these two types of baseline data. Results A total of 405 460 cases of HFMD were reported by 6 provinces in 2009. On average,each county reported 1.78 cases per day during the weekdays and 1.29 cases per day during weekends, with significant difference (P<0.01) between them. When using the baseline data without distinguish weekdays and weekends, the optimal thresholds for C1, C2 and C3 was 0.2,0.4 and 0.6 respectively while the TTD of C1,C2 and C3 was all 1 day and the FARs were 5.33% ,4.88% and 4.50% respectively. On the contrast, when using the baseline data to distinguish the weekdays and weekends, the optimal thresholds for C1, C2 and C3 became 0.4,0.6 and 1.0 while the TTD of Cl,C2 and C3 also appeared equally as 1 day.However, the FARs became 4.81%,4.75% and 4.16% respectively, which were lower than the baseline data from the first type. Conclusion The number of HFMD cases reported in weekdays and weekends were significantly different, suggesting that when using the baseline data to distinguish weekdays and weekends, the FAR of C1, C2 and C3 algorithm could effectively reduce so as to improve the accuracy of outbreak detection. 相似文献
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目的 分析时空模型探测在浙江省传染病暴发早期预警中的应用效果,为构建多点触发预警系统提供参考。方法 对2017—2021年浙江省传染病时空模型相关病种的预警信号进行描述性分析,并与同期突发公共卫生事件报告结果进行比较,以灵敏度和错误预警率评价时空模型的有效性。结果 时空模型预警系统共发出预警信号16 382条,涉及16种传染病,平均每周每县发出预警信号0.71条。响应率为100%,响应时间中位数为0.84 h。预警信号经初步核实和现场调查后,共确认5种疾病342起暴发疫情。时空预警模型灵敏度为66.02%。Ⅰ类疾病阳性预测值6.99%,错误预警率为0.0227%;Ⅱ类疾病阳性预测值3.44%,错误预警率为0.9450%。结论 浙江省时空预警系统运行良好,可实现传染病暴发的早期自动预警,但探测识别作用有限,仍需进一步调整和优化,以适应目前传染病监测预警的需要。 相似文献
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近年来,为提高传染病暴发早期发现能力,许多学者开展了基于各种传染病监测数据源的暴发早期探测方法研究,期望通过采用适当的数学算法,对疾病监测数据进行分析,从而早期发现疾病与症状发生的异常增加或聚集性.本文介绍了一种国外广泛应用于传染病监测数据异常探测的统计过程控制方法--累积和(CUSUM)控制图法,对其基本原理与特征、方法设计要点,以及在传染病暴发探测中应用的典型案例进行了深入分析,从而为在我国传染病预警领域推广应用该方法提供参考与借鉴. 相似文献
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目的 比较国家传染病自动预警系统(CIDARS)中移动百分位数法采用不同阈值对传染病预警效果的影响.方法 分别采用P50、P60、P70、P80和P90 5个阈值作为移动百分位数法的候选预警阈值,对全国范围2008年7月至2010年6月期间报告的19种法定传染病病例数进行暴发探测和结果的比较.以暴发探测起数最多、暴发探测时间最短和预警信号数最少作为移动百分位数法最优阈值的筛选标准.结果 细菌性和阿米巴性痢疾的最优阈值为P50,其他感染性腹泻和流行性腮腺炎的最优阈值为P60,甲型肝炎、流行性感冒和风疹的最优阈值为P70,流行性乙型脑炎的最优阈值为P80,猩红热、伤寒和副伤寒、戊型肝炎、急性出血性结膜炎、疟疾、流行性出血热、流行性脑脊髓膜炎、钩端螺旋体病、登革热、流行性和地方性斑疹伤寒、丙型肝炎和麻疹12种疾病的最优阈值为P90;对19种传染病分别采用最优剧值进行探测,与所有疾病均采用P50作为阈值相比,2年可减少64 840条(12.20%)预警信号,而暴发探测起数与暴发探测时间没有变化.结论 不同传染病采用移动百分位数法进行暴发探测的最优阈值不同,CIDARS可进一步优化各病种的预警阈值,从而在确保暴发探测准确性和及时性的前提下,减少预警信号数量.Abstract: Objective To compare the different thresholds of 'moving percentile method' for outbreak detection in the China Infectious Diseases Automated-alert and Response System (CIDARS). Methods The thresholds of P50, P60, P70, P80 and P90 were respectively adopted as the candidates of early warning thresholds on the moving percentile method. Aberration was detected through the reported cases of 19 notifiable infectious diseases nationwide from July 1,2008 to June 30,2010. Number of outbreaks and time to detection were recorded and the amount of signals acted as the indicators for determining the optimal threshold of moving percentile method in CIDARS. Results The optimal threshold for bacillary and amebic dysentery was P50. For non-cholera infectious diarrhea,dysentery, typhoid and paratyphoid, and epidemic mumps, it was P60. As for hepatitis A, influenza and rubella, the threshold was P70, but for epidemic encephalitis B it was P80. For the following diseses as scarlet fever, typhoid and paratyphoid, hepatitis E, acute hemorrhagic conjunctivitis, malaria, epidemic hemorrhagic fever, meningococcal meningitis, leptospirosis, dengue fever, epidemic endemic typhus,hepatitis C and measles, it was P90. When adopting the adjusted optimal threshold for 19 infectious diseases respectively, 64 840(12.20%)signals had a decrease, comparing to the adoption of the former defaulted threshold(P50)during the 2 years. However, it did not reduce the number of outbreaks being detected as well as the time to detection, in the two year period. Conclusion The optimal thresholds of moving percentile method for different kinds of diseases were different.Adoption of the right optimal threshold for a specific disease could further optimize the performance of outbreak detection for CIDARS. 相似文献
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目的 比较国家传染病自动预警系统(CIDARS)中移动百分位数法采用不同阈值对传染病预警效果的影响.方法 分别采用P50、P60、P70、P80和P90 5个阈值作为移动百分位数法的候选预警阈值,对全国范围2008年7月至2010年6月期间报告的19种法定传染病病例数进行暴发探测和结果的比较.以暴发探测起数最多、暴发探测时间最短和预警信号数最少作为移动百分位数法最优阈值的筛选标准.结果 细菌性和阿米巴性痢疾的最优阈值为P50,其他感染性腹泻和流行性腮腺炎的最优阈值为P60,甲型肝炎、流行性感冒和风疹的最优阈值为P70,流行性乙型脑炎的最优阈值为P80,猩红热、伤寒和副伤寒、戊型肝炎、急性出血性结膜炎、疟疾、流行性出血热、流行性脑脊髓膜炎、钩端螺旋体病、登革热、流行性和地方性斑疹伤寒、丙型肝炎和麻疹12种疾病的最优阈值为P90;对19种传染病分别采用最优剧值进行探测,与所有疾病均采用P50作为阈值相比,2年可减少64 840条(12.20%)预警信号,而暴发探测起数与暴发探测时间没有变化.结论 不同传染病采用移动百分位数法进行暴发探测的最优阈值不同,CIDARS可进一步优化各病种的预警阈值,从而在确保暴发探测准确性和及时性的前提下,减少预警信号数量. 相似文献
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移动百分位数法不同阈值在传染病暴发预警中的效果比较 总被引:1,自引:2,他引:1
目的 比较国家传染病自动预警系统(CIDARS)中移动百分位数法采用不同阈值对传染病预警效果的影响.方法 分别采用P50、P60、P70、P80和P90 5个阈值作为移动百分位数法的候选预警阈值,对全国范围2008年7月至2010年6月期间报告的19种法定传染病病例数进行暴发探测和结果的比较.以暴发探测起数最多、暴发探测时间最短和预警信号数最少作为移动百分位数法最优阈值的筛选标准.结果 细菌性和阿米巴性痢疾的最优阈值为P50,其他感染性腹泻和流行性腮腺炎的最优阈值为P60,甲型肝炎、流行性感冒和风疹的最优阈值为P70,流行性乙型脑炎的最优阈值为P80,猩红热、伤寒和副伤寒、戊型肝炎、急性出血性结膜炎、疟疾、流行性出血热、流行性脑脊髓膜炎、钩端螺旋体病、登革热、流行性和地方性斑疹伤寒、丙型肝炎和麻疹12种疾病的最优阈值为P90;对19种传染病分别采用最优剧值进行探测,与所有疾病均采用P50作为阈值相比,2年可减少64 840条(12.20%)预警信号,而暴发探测起数与暴发探测时间没有变化.结论 不同传染病采用移动百分位数法进行暴发探测的最优阈值不同,CIDARS可进一步优化各病种的预警阈值,从而在确保暴发探测准确性和及时性的前提下,减少预警信号数量. 相似文献
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目的 分析国家传染病自动预警系统(预警系统)在浙江省传染病暴发早期探测中的效果.方法 以浙江省2008年7月1日至2010年6月30日移动百分位数法预警相关病种的预警信号数及初步核实、现场调查结果和突发公共卫生事件报告系统报告结果作为研究对象,以灵敏度和错误预警率评价预警系统的有效性.结果 预警系统共发出预警信号26 446条,涉及17种传染病,平均每县每周预警信号2.83条.99.95%的预警信号得到响应,预警信号经过初步核实后,254条(0.90%)预警信号被判断为疑似事件,经过现场调查共确认暴发30起,预警系统的灵敏度为69.77%,预警错误率为1.39%.结论 预警系统可初步实现传染病暴发的早期自动预警,但仍需进一步研究以减少假阳性预警信号,合理设置阈值,提高暴发探测来源数据的质量.Abstract: Objective To evaluate the performance of China Infectious Disease Automatedalert and Response System(CIDARS). Methods A retrospective analysis was conducted on data related to the warning signals, the outcome of signal verification, the field investigation of CIDARS,and the emergent events reported through Public Health Emergency Events Surveillance System from July 1,2008 to June 30, 2010 in Zhejiang province. The performance of CIDARS was qualitatively evaluated by indicators on its sensitivity and rote of false alarm. Results In total, 26 446 signals were generated by the system which involving 17 diseases, with an average of 2.83 signals per country per week. Among all the signals, 99.95% of them were responded. 0.90% of the signals were judged as suspected events via the preliminary verification, and 30 outbreaks were finally confirmed by field investigation. The sensitivity of the system was 69.77% with the false alarm rate as 1.39%. Conclusion The system seemed to have worked on the outbreak early warning of infectious diseases and could directly reflect the anomaly event emerged from the infectious disease reporting system.However, more efforts should be paid to the following areas as how to decrease the false positive signals, select suitable thresholds and increase the quality of data in order to enhance the accuracy of the system. 相似文献
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目的 初步了解国家传染病自动预警系统(CIDARS)在基层传染病暴发早期探测中发挥的作用.方法 在云南和湖南两省共选取4个市(县、区),对2008年7月1日至2010年6月30日预警相关病种的报告病例数、预警信号数、预警信号初步核实结果反馈时间间隔和初步核实方式、预警信号初步核实和现场调查结果进行分析.结果 两省4个市(县、区)共报告了纳入预警系统的28种传染病病例12 346例,预警系统共发出2096条预警信号,共涉及19种疾病,平均每个市(县、区)每周预警信号数为4.94条.预警信号初步核实结果反馈时间间隔中位数为0.70 h(P25~P75为0.06-1.29h),预警信号初步核实的主要方式是监测数据分析(占63.07%).预警信号经过初步核实后,共有4种传染病的34条预警信号被判断为疑似事件信号,占总预警信号的1.62%;4个市(县、区)的疑似事件信号占预警信号的比例有较大差异,其中湖南省双峰县比例最高(4.71%)、昆明市西山区比例最低(0.58%),长沙市岳麓区为1.88%、云南省个旧市为0.95%.疑似事件经过进一步现场调查后确认了12起暴发,其中风疹事件5起,流行性腮腺炎4起,流行性感冒2起,伤寒1起.结论 CIDARS能够辅助基层疾病预防控制机构早期发现可能的传染病暴发,但不同地区、不同病种的预警效果存在差别.Abstract: Objective To understand the effectiveness of China Infectious Disease Automated-alert and Response System(CIDARS)for outbreak detection at the regional level.Methods Two counties in Hunan province(Yuelu and Shuangfeng county)and two counties in Yunnan province(Xishan and Gejiu county)were chosen as the study areas. Data from CIDARS were analyzed on the following items: reported cases, warning signals, the time interval of signal response feedback, way of signal verification, outcome of signal verification and field investigation, from July 1,2008 to June 30,2010. Results In total, 12 346 cases from 28 kinds of diseases were reported,and 2096 signals of 19 diseases were generated by the system, with an average of 4.94 signals per county per week. The median of time interval on signal verification feedback was 0.70 hours(P25-P75:0.06-1.29 h)and the main way of signal preliminary verification was through the review of surveillance data(account for 63.07%). Among all the signals, 34 of them(1.62%)were considered to be related to suspected events via the preliminary verification at the local level. Big differences were found to have existed on the proportion of signals related to the suspected events of the total signals among the four counties, with Shuangfeng county as 4.71%, Yuelu county as 1.88%, Gejiu county as 0.95% and Xishan county as 0.58%. After an indepth study on the fields of suspected events, 12outbreaks were finally confirmed, including 5 on rubella, 4 on mumps, 2 on influenza and 1 on typhoid fever. Conclusion CIDARS could be used to assist the local public health institutions on early detection of possible outbreaks at the early stage. However, the effectiveness was different depending on the regions and diseases. 相似文献
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目的 分析国家传染病自动预警系统(预警系统)在浙江省传染病暴发早期探测中的效果.方法 以浙江省2008年7月1日至2010年6月30日移动百分位数法预警相关病种的预警信号数及初步核实、现场调查结果和突发公共卫生事件报告系统报告结果作为研究对象,以灵敏度和错误预警率评价预警系统的有效性.结果 预警系统共发出预警信号26 446条,涉及17种传染病,平均每县每周预警信号2.83条.99.95%的预警信号得到响应,预警信号经过初步核实后,254条(0.90%)预警信号被判断为疑似事件,经过现场调查共确认暴发30起,预警系统的灵敏度为69.77%,预警错误率为1.39%.结论 预警系统可初步实现传染病暴发的早期自动预警,但仍需进一步研究以减少假阳性预警信号,合理设置阈值,提高暴发探测来源数据的质量. 相似文献
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浙江省传染病自动预警系统暴发预警效果评价 总被引:9,自引:1,他引:9
目的 分析国家传染病自动预警系统(预警系统)在浙江省传染病暴发早期探测中的效果.方法 以浙江省2008年7月1日至2010年6月30日移动百分位数法预警相关病种的预警信号数及初步核实、现场调查结果和突发公共卫生事件报告系统报告结果作为研究对象,以灵敏度和错误预警率评价预警系统的有效性.结果 预警系统共发出预警信号26 446条,涉及17种传染病,平均每县每周预警信号2.83条.99.95%的预警信号得到响应,预警信号经过初步核实后,254条(0.90%)预警信号被判断为疑似事件,经过现场调查共确认暴发30起,预警系统的灵敏度为69.77%,预警错误率为1.39%.结论 预警系统可初步实现传染病暴发的早期自动预警,但仍需进一步研究以减少假阳性预警信号,合理设置阈值,提高暴发探测来源数据的质量. 相似文献
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目的 初步了解国家传染病自动预警系统(CIDARS)在基层传染病暴发早期探测中发挥的作用.方法 在云南和湖南两省共选取4个市(县、区),对2008年7月1日至2010年6月30日预警相关病种的报告病例数、预警信号数、预警信号初步核实结果反馈时间间隔和初步核实方式、预警信号初步核实和现场调查结果进行分析.结果 两省4个市(县、区)共报告了纳入预警系统的28种传染病病例12 346例,预警系统共发出2096条预警信号,共涉及19种疾病,平均每个市(县、区)每周预警信号数为4.94条.预警信号初步核实结果反馈时间间隔中位数为0.70 h(P25~P75为0.06-1.29h),预警信号初步核实的主要方式是监测数据分析(占63.07%).预警信号经过初步核实后,共有4种传染病的34条预警信号被判断为疑似事件信号,占总预警信号的1.62%;4个市(县、区)的疑似事件信号占预警信号的比例有较大差异,其中湖南省双峰县比例最高(4.71%)、昆明市西山区比例最低(0.58%),长沙市岳麓区为1.88%、云南省个旧市为0.95%.疑似事件经过进一步现场调查后确认了12起暴发,其中风疹事件5起,流行性腮腺炎4起,流行性感冒2起,伤寒1起.结论 CIDARS能够辅助基层疾病预防控制机构早期发现可能的传染病暴发,但不同地区、不同病种的预警效果存在差别. 相似文献