超长段尿道狭窄术后勃起功能的评估

Objective To investigate the effect of substitutive reconstruction of long urethral stricture on male erectile function. Methods From January 2007 to January 2009, 23 patients with anterior or posterior long urethral stricture were accepted for a variety of onlay substitutive procedures, including lingual mucosa, perputial skin, and mid-scrotal skin. During the follow-up, data from the International Index of Erectile Function-5 (ⅡEF-5) questionnaire and the Quality of Life (QOL) questionnaire as well as maximal flow rate were recorded. All data were compared with those obtained before surgery. Results Significant improvement in QOL (1.22 ± 1.40, 1.82 ± 1. 17,2.07± 0.46) and maximal flow rate (22.46± 4.65, 23.81 ± 6.22, 21.52 ±7.44 ) could be observed 3, 6 and 12 months after surgery compared with those before surgery (5. 22 ± 0. 75, 3. 93 ± 3. 62)(P＜0.01). No significant differences in the responses to the ⅡEF-5 questionnaire were observed among all patients during the follow-up (P＞0. 05). At the 3, 6 and 12 months after procedure,scores of ⅡEF-5 in patients with anterior urethral stricture ( 17.79 ± 6.42, 16. 57 ± 4. 78, 16.01 ±3.85) were significantly higher than those with posterior urethral stricture (11.67 ± 2.59, 12.35 ±1.83,13. 19±1.67, P＜0.05). In patients with posterior urethral stricture, the multiple linear regression showed that age, time interval of injury and length of stricture were related to the ⅡEF-5score (P＜0.05). Conclusions Substitutive reconstruction for treating the long urethral stricture has little effect on male erectile function. But the location of stricture, especially extended to posterior urethra, may have impact on the erectile function.     

超长段尿道狭窄术后勃起功能的评估

Objective To investigate the effect of substitutive reconstruction of long urethral stricture on male erectile function. Methods From January 2007 to January 2009, 23 patients with anterior or posterior long urethral stricture were accepted for a variety of onlay substitutive procedures, including lingual mucosa, perputial skin, and mid-scrotal skin. During the follow-up, data from the International Index of Erectile Function-5 (ⅡEF-5) questionnaire and the Quality of Life (QOL) questionnaire as well as maximal flow rate were recorded. All data were compared with those obtained before surgery. Results Significant improvement in QOL (1.22 ± 1.40, 1.82 ± 1. 17,2.07± 0.46) and maximal flow rate (22.46± 4.65, 23.81 ± 6.22, 21.52 ±7.44 ) could be observed 3, 6 and 12 months after surgery compared with those before surgery (5. 22 ± 0. 75, 3. 93 ± 3. 62)(P＜0.01). No significant differences in the responses to the ⅡEF-5 questionnaire were observed among all patients during the follow-up (P＞0. 05). At the 3, 6 and 12 months after procedure,scores of ⅡEF-5 in patients with anterior urethral stricture ( 17.79 ± 6.42, 16. 57 ± 4. 78, 16.01 ±3.85) were significantly higher than those with posterior urethral stricture (11.67 ± 2.59, 12.35 ±1.83,13. 19±1.67, P＜0.05). In patients with posterior urethral stricture, the multiple linear regression showed that age, time interval of injury and length of stricture were related to the ⅡEF-5score (P＜0.05). Conclusions Substitutive reconstruction for treating the long urethral stricture has little effect on male erectile function. But the location of stricture, especially extended to posterior urethra, may have impact on the erectile function.     

直视下尿道内切开术治疗尿道狭窄20年经验总结

目的 总结直视下尿道内切开术(direct vision internal urethrotomy,DVIU)治疗尿道狭窄的经验.方法 回顾性分析1990年6月至2010年6月20年间DVIU治疗尿道狭窄或闭锁患者361的临床资料.年龄16～72岁,平均38岁.病程3～78个月,平均16个月.狭窄或闭锁长度0.2～2.0 cm,平均1.1 cm.狭窄长度≤1.0 cm 238例,其中≤0.5 cm 63例(组1),0.6～1.0 cm 175例(组2),瘢痕厚度≤1.0 cm 148例,＞1.0 cm 90例;狭窄长度1.1～2.0 cm 123例,其中1.1～1.5cm 85例(组3),1.6～2.0 cm 38例(组4),瘢痕厚度≤1.0 cm 44例,＞1.0 cm 79例.结果 361例中手术失败3例.320例获随访,随访时间12～120个月,平均42个月.因狭窄复发而接受开放手术174例(54.4%),4组中转开放手术率分别为3.3%、49.7%、83.3%和97.1%.狭窄长度≤1.0cm者获随访207例,其中瘢痕厚度≤1.0 cm转开放手术27.2%(37/136),瘢痕厚度＞1.0 cm转开放手术60.6%(43/71).狭窄长度＞1.0 cm者获随访113例,其中瘢痕厚度≤1.0 cm转开放手术78.6%(33/42),瘢痕厚度＞1.0 cm转开放手术84.5%(60/71).结论 当尿道狭窄长度≤0.5 cm时,DVIU术后转开放手术的比例明显减少;狭窄长度≤1.0 cm,瘢痕厚度≤1.0 cm者,DVIU也可获较好疗效.

Abstract：

Objective To summarize the experience and evaluate the efficacy of treatment of urethral stricture using direct visual internal urethrotomy (DVIU).Methods The clinical data of 361 patients (age range 16 -72 years, mean age 38 years) with urethral stricture who underwent urethrotomy from 1990 to 2010 was retrospectively analyzed.The disease course ranged from three months to 78 months with a mean of 16 months.The stricture length ranged from 0.2 to 2.0 cm (mean 1.1 cm).Stricture length was split into four main groups:stricture length≤0.5 cm in 63 (group 1 ), stricture length ranging between 0.6 and 1.0 cm in 175 ( group 2), stricture length ranging between 1.0 and 1.5 cm in 85 ( group 3 ) , and stricture length ranging between 1.6 and 2.0 cm in 38 ( Group 4).Of the 238 patients with length less than 1.0 cm there were 148 who's scar thickness were less than 1.0 cm, and 90 who's scar thickness were greater than 1.0 cm.Of the 123 patients with length less than 2.0 cm there were 69 who's scar thickness was less than 1.0 cm, and 54 who's scar thickness was greater than 1.0 cm.Results Three patients with DVIU failed because of long occlusion and false passage.Three hundred and twenty patients were followed-up from 12 to 120 months (mean:42).Re-openiag procedures were performed on 174 patients (54.4%) due to recurrence.The re-openiag procedure rate was 3.3%, 49.7%, 83.3% and 97.1% in Group1, Group2,Group3 and Group4, respectively.On the basis of scar thickness, of the 207 patients with stricture length less than 1.0 cm, 38 of 136 patients (27.9%) with scar thickness less than 1.0 cm underwent opening operation, and 43 of 71 patients (60.6%) with scar thickness more than 1.0 cm underwent opening operation.One hundred and thirteen patients with stricture length more than 1.0 cm, 33 of 42 patients (78.6%) with scar thickness less than 1.0 cm underwent opening operation, and 60 of 71 patients (84.5%) with scar thickness more than 1.0 cm underwent opening operation.Conclusions Good efficacy can be achieved in patients whose urethral stricture length is less than 0.5cm or whose stricture length and scar thickness is less than 1.0 cm using DVIU.     

Operative techniques of anastomotic posterior urethroplasty for traumatic posterior urethral strictures

Objective： To elucidate the details of operative technique of anastomotic posterior urethroplasty for traumatic posterior urethral strictures in attempt to offer a successful result. Methods： We reviewed the clinical data of 106 patients who had undergone anastomotic repair for posterior urethral strictures following traumatic pelvic fracture between 1979 and 2004. Patients＇ age ranged from 8 to 53 years （mean 27 years ）. Surgical repair was performed via perinea in 72 patients, modified transperineal repair in 5 and perineoabdominal repair in 29. Follow-up ranged from 1 to 23 years （ mean 8 years ）. Results： Among the 77 patients treated by perineal approaches, 69 （95.8 % ） were successfully repaired and 27 out of the 29 patients （93. 1% ） who were repaired by perineoabdominal protocols were successful. The successful results have sustained as long as 23 years in some cases.Urinary incontinence did not happen in any patients while impotence occurred as a result of the anastomotic surgery. Conclusions： Three important skills or principles will ensure a successful outcome, namely complete excision of scar tissues, a completely normal mucnsa ready for anastomosis at both ends of the urethra, and a tension-free anastomosis. When the urethral stricture is below 2. 5 cm long, restoration of urethral continuity can be accomplished by a perineal procedure. If the stricture is over 2. 5 cm long, a modified perineal or transpubic perineoabdominal procedure should be used. In the presence of a competent bladder neck, anastomotic surgery does not result in urinary incontinence. Impotence is usually related to the original trauma and rarely （5.7 % ） to urethroplasty.     

小肠黏膜下脱细胞基质修复前尿道狭窄的疗效分析

目的 探讨小肠黏膜下脱细胞基质(small intestinal submucosa,SIS)修复前尿道狭窄的可行性和有效性.方法 2009年6月至2010年8月采用4层SIS补片修复治疗尿道狭窄患者18例.患者年龄20～69岁,平均38岁;尿道狭窄段3.5～7.0 cm,平均4.6 cm;术前最大尿流率1.5～5.5 ml/s,平均3.8 ml/s.术中按需将SIS(长4.0～7.5 cm,宽 2.0 cm)植入尿道背侧缺损处,5-0可吸收线将SIS间断固定在阴茎海绵体上,SIS两侧与已剪开的狭窄段尿道作连续缝合,两端分别与尿道断端作间断吻合.结果 手术过程顺利,术后恢复好.随访6～18个月,平均10个月,患者未发生感染、排斥反应等并发症.17例排尿通畅,最大尿流率14.0～44.0 ml/s,平均25.4 ml/s.尿道造影显示尿道通畅;术后4、6周尿道镜检查示SIS移植物与周围组织分界清楚;术后14周尿道镜检查SIS已降解,修复段尿道与周围组织间限消失,黏膜光洁完整,管腔无明显狭窄;植入SIS部位活检显示黏膜表层为上皮细胞.1例尿道下裂术后患者术后5个月出现轻度尿道狭窄症状,行尿道扩张治疗.结论 利用SIS修复尿道狭窄具有创伤小、抗感染力强的特点,可作为组织工程尿道修复重建材料修复部分尿道狭窄患者.

Abstract：

Objective To investigate the feasibility of using small intestinal submucosa (SIS) graft for the repair of anterior urethral strictures. Methods From June 2009 to August 2010, 18 men (mean age, 38 yrs) with anterior urethral strictures underwent urethroplasty using a four-layer SIS as an onlay patch graft. SIS was used to augment the urethral caliber at the stricture site. The mean stricture length was 4.6 cm (range 3.5 to 7 cm). The pre-operative mean maximal flow rate was 3.8 ml/s (range 1.5 to 5.5 ml/s). The required SIS grafts (4 to 7.5 cm long and 2 cm wide) were positioned into the urethrotomy defect and were spread-fixed to the corpora cavernosa using 5-0 polyglactin interrupted sutures. Two apices of the graft were sutured to the proximal and distal apices of the urethrotomy with 5-0 polyglactin interrupted stitches. The margins of the opened urethra were sutured to the SIS patch with 5-0 polyglactin running sutures. Results The mean follow-up period was 10 mon. (range 6-18 mon.). No postoperative complication, such as infection or rejection related to the use of heterologous graft material was observed. Seventeen patients voided well postoperatively with the mean peak urine flow of 25.4 ml/s (14-44 ml/s). Cystoscopy revealed that at four weeks and six weeks, the SIS graft was well distinguishable from the normal surrounding tissue; and at 16 weeks, the urothelium was regenerated and the biomaterial was not distinguishable from the normal surrounding tissue. The squamosal epithelium was seen in the histological examination of the grafts. The remaining one patient with failed hypospadias developed a slight urethral narrowing at five months post-operatively and needed sound dilatations. Conclusions SIS matrix appears to be a safe and effective reconstructive material in selected urethral reconstructions.     

Ambulatory urodynamic monitoring of external urethral sphincter behavior in chronic prostatitis patients

Aim: To study the behavior of external urethral sphincter in chronic prostatitis (CP) patient under natural filling.Methods: Twenty-one CP patients and 17 normal volunteers were involved in the study. Both the patients andvolunteers underwent ambulatory urodynamic monitoring (AM) and conventional medium filling cystometry (CMG).Urodec 500 was used for AM and Menuet for CMG. AM findings from CP patients were compared with those fromnormal volunteers, and the results from AM were compared with those from CMG. Results: In AM, the restingand voiding external urethral sphincter (EUS) pressures and maximum urethral closure pressures (MUCP) weresignificantly higher in CP patients [ ( 121.5 ±10.3) and (85.6±3.5) cm water, respectively ] than in normalvolunteers [ (77.6±11.4) and (10.3±1.6) cm water, respectively)]. Conclusion: The behavioral changes ofEUS in CP patients included spasm and instability of EUS, which were demonstrated using AM under natural filling;the findings were also in accord with the res     

Erectile dysfunction after transurethral prostatectomy for lower urinary tract symptoms： results from a center with over 500 patients

Aim:To identify possible risk factors for erectile dysfunction(ED)after transurethral resection of prostate(TURP)for benign prostatic hyperplasia(BPH).Methods:Between March 1999 and March 2004,629 patients underwentTURP in our department for the treatment of symptomatic BPH.All patients underwent transrectal ultrasoundexamination.In addition,the flow rate,urine residue,International Prostate Symptom Score(IPSS)and quality of life(QOL)were recorded for those who presented without a catheter.Finally,the erectile function of the patient wasevaluated according to the International Index of Erectile Function Instrument(IIEF-5)questionnaire.It was deter-mined that ED existed where there was a total score of less than 21.The flow rate,IPSS and QOL assessment wereperformed at 3 and 6 months post-treatment.The IIEF-5 assessment was repeated at a 6-month follow-up.A logisticregression analysis was used to identify potential risk factors for ED.Results:At baseline,522(83%)patientsanswered the IIEF-5 questionnaire.The mean patient age was(63.7±9.7)years.The ED rate was 65%.After 6months,459(88%)out of the 522 patients returned the IIEF questionnaire.The rest of the group was excluded fromthe statistical analysis.Six months after TURP,the rate of patients reporting ED increased to 77%.Statisticalanalysis revealed that the only important factors associated with newly reported ED after TURP were diabetes mellitus(P=0.003,r=3.67)and observed intraoperative capsular perforation(P=0.02,r=1.12).Conclusion:Theincidence of postoperative,newly reported ED after TURP was 12%.Risk factors for its occurrence were diabetesmellitus and intraoperative capsular perforation.(Asian J Androl 2006 Jan;8:69-74)     

尿道下裂成形术后并发症的临床分析

Objectives To study and analyze the cauge,rate and treatment for complications of hypospadi - as repair operations.Methods In the past 3 years,there were 19 patients with complications of hypospedias repair for 117 cases single - stage urethmplasty.The ages were from 1.5 to 24 years old,the mean Was 4.6.The classifica - tions were glans of penis 10,body of penis 5,serious hypospedias 4,includingpenoscrota,scrotal andperineal.The lengths of new urethras were from 1.2 to 4.4 cm,the mean was 2.6 cm.Results The rate of complications was 15.9%for 1～3 years following survey.There were urethral fistulas 11 cases(57.9%),urethral strictures 4(21.1%),diverticulumsl(5.3%),withdrawal of meatus 1(5.3%),chordees 1(5.3%),seriouS abnomal apperance of penis 1 cases(5.3%).The rate of urethral fistulas was the first and urethral stricture the second,they were higher than other complications signiflcantly(P相似文献   

阴茎勃起功能自我评价表对中青年无性生活勃起功能障碍患者的多维评估

目的 确立无性生活勃起功能障碍(ED-NS)的定义,制定ED-NS问卷调查表评估勃起功能状态,并判断其效果.方法确立ED-NS定义,并设计制定勃起功能自我评价表(SIEFNS).收集符合ED-NS定义患者和正常对照病例作为研究对象,并分为ED-NS和正常对照2组.ED-NS患者61例,年龄18～38(26.2±4.3)岁;正常对照组57例,年龄18～33(24.9±4.1)岁.分别填写SIEF-NS问卷.问卷共有12个问题,涉及性欲、总体勃起情况、夜间和晨起勃起情况、异性相处条件下勃起情况和视听觉性刺激下勃起情况5个方面,每个问题分为5分,收集各项问题评分并计算积分,根据积分制作ROC曲线,以35分作为界值,统计学分析评价积分敏感性和特异性.结果2组12项问题评分分别为(2.8±1.1)、(2.3±1.0)、(1.8±1.0)、(2.5±0.8)、(2.6±0.9)、(2.2±1.1)、(2.3±1.1)、(1.9±0.8)、(2.1±0.9)、(2.3±1.0)、(2.7±0.9)、(2.0±1.1)分和(3.6±0.7)、(3.9±0.8)、(4.0±1.1)、(4.0±0.8)、(3.5±0.9)、(3.4±1.2)、(2.9±1.1)、(3.9±0.8)、(4.1±0.9)、(3.5±1.1)、(3.9±0.8)、(3.5±1.1)分,2组各项问题非参数检验P值均＜0.05,差异均有统计学意义.2组12项问题积分分别为(27.2±6.8)分和(44.2±6.8)分,积分间非参数检验P值＜0.01,差异有统计学意义.以SIEF-NS积分＜35分作为ED-NS评判界值,预测ED-NS的敏感性为88.5%,特异性为96.5%.结论 ED-NS可简单有效地定义无性生活ED患者,SIEF-NS可快速有效地评价 ED-NS患者勃起功能状态,提供较客观的量化指标.

Abstract：

Objective To estabalish a new conception, Erectile Dysfunction-no sexual life (ED-NS), so as create an evaluating questionnaire, Self-estimation Index of erectile function-No sexual life (SIEF-NS) so as to investigate its clinical reliability. Methods The conception of ED-NS was identified and the SIEF-NS questionnaire was established. Patients who complained of ED-NS and normal controls were enrolled into the research and assessed the erectile function was assessed with SIEF-NS.The SIEF-NS includes 12 questions, such as sexual libido, general erectile function, nocturnal penile erection, erectile function during foreplay, erectile function during audio-video sexual stimulation,confidence, depression, etc and each question has 5 point scales. Results Sixty-one ED-NS patients and 57 controls were enrolled into the study and assessed erectile function with SIEF-NS. The mean score of each question and integral score of SIEF-NS in ED-NS patients were significantly different from normal controls (P＜0. 05). When the integral score was 35 points according to the ROC curve of integral score, the sensitivity of SIEF-NS was 88.5% and specificity was 96. 5%. Conclusions ED-NS is a new conception to define patients who have erectile dysfunction without sexual life. SIEFNS is suggested to be a useful method for the evaluation of ED-NS patients.     

尿道下裂成形术后并发症的临床分析

Objectives To study and analyze the cauge,rate and treatment for complications of hypospadi - as repair operations.Methods In the past 3 years,there were 19 patients with complications of hypospedias repair for 117 cases single - stage urethmplasty.The ages were from 1.5 to 24 years old,the mean Was 4.6.The classifica - tions were glans of penis 10,body of penis 5,serious hypospedias 4,includingpenoscrota,scrotal andperineal.The lengths of new urethras were from 1.2 to 4.4 cm,the mean was 2.6 cm.Results The rate of complications was 15.9%for 1～3 years following survey.There were urethral fistulas 11 cases(57.9%),urethral strictures 4(21.1%),diverticulumsl(5.3%),withdrawal of meatus 1(5.3%),chordees 1(5.3%),seriouS abnomal apperance of penis 1 cases(5.3%).The rate of urethral fistulas was the first and urethral stricture the second,they were higher than other complications signiflcantly(P相似文献   

超长段尿道狭窄术后勃起功能状况评估

目的探讨自体组织替代治疗男性超长段尿道狭窄对勃起功能的影响。方法回顾性分析2003年1月—2007年1月间23例不同自体组织替代治疗患者的临床资料,并进行IIEF-5评分、QOL评分及最大尿流率的术前与术后随方观察。结果所有患者术后3月、6月随访时的QOL评分、最大尿流率较术前均有明显改善(P<0.01):而IIEF-5的平均评分无明显改变(P>0.05)。狭窄部位累及至后尿道时,患者勃起功能有减弱趋势(P<0.05),同期比较中术后3月、6月随访时狭窄部位累及至后尿道患者的IIEF-5平均值要显著低于单纯前尿道狭窄的患者(P<0.05)。狭窄累及后尿道患者多元线性回归分析中,年龄、受伤时间以及尿道狭窄段的长度与替代术后IIEF-5评分呈现多元线性相关。结论自体组织替代治疗男性超长段尿道狭窄对勃起功能影响不明显:狭窄段累及后尿道时则可能对患者勃起功能产生一定的影响。患者年龄、受伤时间对勃起功能起到协同影响作用。     

The relationship between erectile function and complex panurethral stricture: a preliminary investigative and descriptive study

The aim of this study was to evaluate erectile function in patients with panurethral stricture after urethral reconstruction. Totally, 65 patients were enrolled. Different urethral reconstructions were performed according to the details of urethral strictures. The erectile function was evaluated before and after surgery. The length and location of stricture and duration from initial diagnosis to operation were recorded. The International Index of Erectile Function-5 (IIEF-5) scores, the quality of life (QoL) scores and the maximal flow rate were obtained before and 3, 6, and 12 months after surgery. A significant improvement in QoL and maximal flow rate was observed 3, 6, and 12 months after surgery compared with those observed before surgery (P < 0.05). An impairment of erectile function was observed in patients with multi-site stricture 3 months after surgery (P < 0.05). Subsequently, these patients recovered 6 and 12 months after surgery. Three months after surgery, the IIEF-5 scores in patients with anterior urethral stricture were higher than those with multi-site stricture. Similar results were observed 6 and 12 months after surgery. No significant difference in age or duration from initial diagnosis to final operation was observed between patients with erectile dysfunction after surgery and patients with normal erectile function. However, a linear regressive relationship was detected between IIEF-5 scores and location of urethral stricture. Surgical reconstruction for treating panurethral strictures has limited effects on erectile function. The location of the stricture, particularly when extended to posterior urethra, was found to be associated with erectile function after surgery.     

尿道端端吻合术对外伤性尿道狭窄患者勃起功能影响的临床研究

目的：研究尿道端端吻合术对外伤性尿道狭窄患者勃起功能的影响。方法：对41例采用尿道端端吻合术治疗的骨盆骨折导致尿道损伤（PFUDD）相关尿道狭窄患者手术前后两个阶段进行血管活性药物注射后阴茎血流彩色多普勒超声波（PPuD）检查和国际勃起功能指数-5（IIEF-5）问卷调查,并对数据进行统计学分析。结果：所有41例患者手术前后的IIEF-5评分无显著差异,且勃起功能无明显变化者占大多数,约为56％。各年龄组、狭窄长度组及狭窄部位组患者手术前后的IIEF-5评分均无显著差异,但术后勃起功能提高组、不变组和降低组3组间的狭窄长度差异有统计学意义（2．16±1．49vs2．28±0．88vs3．50±1．53,P=0．0134）,且差异主要存在于降低组与提高组或不变组之间（P=0.0129,o．0165）。轻度及中低度ED组患者术后IIEF-5评分出现明显下降（13．86±1．88VS11．43±3．37,P=0．0202）,而中度及重度ED组患者则无明显变化。非血管性ED组患者手术前后的IIEF-5评分差异有统计学意义（14．88±1．81VS10．88±4．02,P=0．0103）,动脉性和静脉性ED组患者手术前后评分则无明显差别。结论：尿道端端吻合术对PFUDD等外伤相关尿道狭窄患者的勃起功能没有显著影响,患者术后勃起功能的变化情况与狭窄长度、术前性功能状态等有关,而与患者年龄、狭窄部位等没有明确的关系。     

多种超脉冲等离子体电极联合腔内治疗男性尿道狭窄34例报告

目的探讨多种超脉冲等离子体电极联合腔内治疗男性尿道狭窄的临床疗效。方法 2007年11月～2011年11月,采用多种超脉冲等离子体电极联合使用腔内治疗男性尿道狭窄34例。输尿管镜直视下用长超脉冲等离子体柱状电极多点少量切开狭窄环,电切镜直视下用短超脉冲等离子体柱状电极多点彻底切开狭窄环,使其能通过电切镜内鞘,最后用超脉冲等离子体电切襻切除狭窄段尿道瘢痕。结果手术时间20～125 min,平均49.8 min。术后3个月最大尿流率(Qmax)由(4.8±2.5)ml/s上升至(18.3±8.8)ml/s(t=-6.911,P=0.000),膀胱残余尿量(residual urine,RU)由(82.8±33.6)ml减少至(25.8±10.1)ml(t=5.671,P=0.000)。34例随访3～51个月,平均12.9月,8例术后出现再狭窄,其中6例再次腔内手术处理,另2例行膀胱造瘘术;余22例排尿通畅。结论多种超脉冲等离子体电极联合腔内治疗男性尿道狭窄,具有安全、并发症少、疗效确切等优点。     

螺旋CT尿道三维重建诊断后尿道狭窄或闭锁

目的 探讨螺旋CT尿道三维重建技术在后尿道狭窄或闭锁诊断中的应用价值.方法 对30例创伤性后尿道狭窄或闭锁患者术前行螺旋CT薄层扫描和尿道三维重建、X线尿道造影,观察狭窄或闭锁部位、长度以及尿道周围组织解剖结构的改变,并与开放性手术中发现的结果进行对比研究.结果 X线尿道造影检测狭窄或闭锁段长度为1.0～7.0 cm,平均4.0 cm,狭窄或闭锁长度相关系数为0.92,定位准确率为70%(21/30);螺旋CT尿道三维重建检测狭窄或闭锁段长度为1.2～7.6 cm,平均4.3 cm,狭窄或闭锁长度相关系数为0.96,定位准确率为93%(28/30);术中发现后尿道狭窄或闭锁长度为1.5～7.5 cm,平均4.2 cm.5例合并尿道直肠瘘者螺旋CT尿道三维重建可以清楚显示瘘管位置、长度及大小;X线尿道造影则无法清楚显示.结论 螺旋CT尿道三维重建对了解伤后尿道的解剖结构改变、测量尿道狭窄或闭锁部位和长度、指导手术方式选择有较高价值,尤其对合并尿道直肠瘘者有重要的诊断意义.     

游离包皮瓣补片式尿道成形术治疗长段尿道狭窄

目的 :探讨游离包皮瓣补片式尿道成形术治疗长段尿道狭窄的疗效。　方法 :对 8例长段尿道狭窄病人行闭锁段后尿道切除和 /或切开狭窄段前尿道 ,切取相应长度和宽度的游离包皮瓣作补片式缝合 ,尿道内置多孔硅胶管。　结果 :术后 7例排尿通畅 ,1例经 2次尿道扩张后排尿正常。　结论 :游离包皮瓣补片式尿道成形术是治疗长段尿道狭窄的良好方法。     

尿道端端吻合术后狭窄复发的危险因素分析

目的分析尿道狭窄患者行尿道端端吻合术(excision and primary anastomotic urethroplasty,EPA)后狭窄复发的危险因素。方法回顾性分析2017年1月至2018年12月上海交通大学附属第六人民医院收治的209例尿道狭窄患者的临床资料。年龄42.1(5~78)岁。肥胖(体质指数>28 kg/m2)25例(12.0%)。既往有糖尿病史12例(5.7%),术前3个月吸烟史103例(49.3%)。术前未行尿道扩张127例(60.8%),尿道扩张1~2次42例(20.1%),尿道扩张≥3次40例(19.1%)。术前有尿道内切开术史56例(26.8%)。术前无尿道成形术史157例(75.1%),尿道成形术1次38例(18.2%),尿道成形术≥2次14例(6.7%)。术前行膀胱造瘘201例(96.2%),未行膀胱造瘘8例(3.8%)。后尿道狭窄183例,球部尿道狭窄26例。狭窄时间35.1(1~360)个月。狭窄段长度(3.19±0.65)cm。病因为外伤190例,医源性损伤12例,炎性狭窄2例,其他5例。患者均行EPA治疗,69例(33.0%)术中行耻骨下缘切除。术后复发标准:拔除导尿管后出现排尿困难,经尿道镜或尿道造影检查提示手术部位尿道狭窄。对可能导致狭窄复发的因素采用Cox比例风险回归模型进行单因素和多因素分析。结果本组209例术后随访18.8(3~32)个月。31例(14.8%)出现狭窄复发,复发时间(5.3±5.6)个月。单因素分析结果显示,狭窄时间(HR=1.007,P<0.001),狭窄段长度(HR=5.334,P<0.001),尿道内切开术史(HR=2.901,P=0.003),尿道扩张≥3次(HR=6.214,P<0.001),尿道成形术1次、≥2次(HR=4.175,P=0.001、HR=9.885,P<0.001),术前3个月吸烟史(HR=2.605,P=0.016),膀胱造瘘(HR=0.231,P=0.006),耻骨下缘切除(HR=6.603,P<0.001)与狭窄复发有相关性。多因素分析结果显示狭窄段长度(HR=4.911,P<0.001),尿道成形术1次、≥2次(HR=2.387,P=0.045、HR=3.688,P=0.015),术前3个月吸烟史(HR=2.730,P=0.030)是狭窄复发的独立危险因素。结论EPA术后尿道狭窄复发多集中在术后6个月内,患者尿道狭段窄长度、尿道成形术史、术前3个月吸烟史是狭窄复发的独立危险因素。     

尿道狭窄3种术式手术前后勃起功能状态的临床研究

目的:对3种术式治疗尿道狭窄患者手术前后勃起功能状态进行研究。方法:分别采用3种术式对126例尿道狭窄男性患者进行治疗。35例患者接受尿道狭窄部位阴茎皮瓣重建术,52例患者接受尿道端端吻合术,39例患者接受内窥镜下尿道内切开术。通过电话随访、面访方式,采用国际勃起功能指数问卷(IIEF-5)评分对每组患者术前、术后勃起功能的总体情况进行评价,同时利用夜间阴茎胀大实验(NPT)对患者进行诊断。结果:行尿道狭窄部位阴茎皮瓣重建术组IIEF-5评分术前与术后分别为(17.1±2.6)分和(13.5±4.5)分;行尿道端端吻合术组IIEF-5评分术前与术后分别为(17.1±3.0)分和(11.1±4.8)分;行尿道内切开术组IIEF-5评分术前与术后分别为(17.6±2.2)分和(14.5±4.4)分。与术前相比,3组患者术后IIEF-5评分均显著下降,其差异具有统计学意义(P0.05)。上述3种术式术后勃起功能障碍发生率分别为8.57%(3/35)、26.92%(14/52)、10.26%(4/39),尿道端端吻合术显著高于其他2种术式(P均0.05)。结论:3种术式治疗尿道狭窄术后IIEF-5评分均有所下降,与尿道端端吻合术相比,尿道狭窄部位阴茎皮瓣重建术与尿道内切开术术后勃起功能障碍的发生率较低,应注重对适宜术式的选择以确保对患者性功能的有效保护。     

经尿道前列腺电切术后尿道狭窄的原因分析

目的 分析并探讨经尿道前列腺电切术(TURP)术后尿道狭窄的原因,避免其发生.方法 回顾性分析我院1999年1月至2010年1月收治的23例前列腺电切术后尿道狭窄患者,年龄57~78岁,平均67.8岁;狭窄段尿道长度为1.6~3.5cm(平均2.3cm);最大尿流率为4～14ml/s,平均75ml/s;术后出现狭窄的时间为1个月~17年,平均25个月.其中前尿道狭窄6例,后尿道狭窄15例,膀胱颈口处狭窄2例.对于明确的尿道狭窄患者,针对不同情况分别给予尿道扩张、尿道内冷刀切开、残留前列腺组织切除或瘢痕切除处理.结果 随访3个月~6个月,23例患者中6例前尿道狭窄经定期尿道扩张后症状消失,疗效满意.后尿道狭窄的15例患者,2例采用定期尿道扩张的方法治愈,3例行残留腺体切除后症状逐渐缓解,另外1例因后尿道瘢痕较多,于尿道内行冷刀切开后复发,其余后尿道狭窄患者疗效满意.膀胱颈口处狭窄的2例患者,行膀胱颈口冷刀切开及瘢痕切除后治愈.术后23例患者最大尿流率19~29 ml/s,平均24.4 ml/s.结论 尿道狭窄是TULIP术后常见的并发症,其发生与尿路感染、操作损伤、术后留置尿管过粗、置管时间过长、腺体残留等因素密切相关.