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1.
Numata Y Tazuma S Ueno Y Nishioka T Hyogo H Chayama K 《Digestive diseases and sciences》2005,50(10):1844-1851
Primary sclerosing cholangitis is often complicated by ulcerative colitis. Recently, we reported on Th1-dominant cholangitis
associated with experimental colitis, and natural killer T (NKT) cells might play an important role in this model. The aim
of this study was to clarify the immunopathogenic role of NKT cells in this model using α-galactosylceramide. CD-1 mice were
administered 2.0% dextran sulfate sodium for 29 days and injection of α-galactosylceramide was performed every 5 days, then
inflammation was assessed. Mononuclear cells from the liver were analyzed with respect to cytokine production and the surface
marker. α -Galactosylceramide improved survival rate, weight gain, and inflammation score. Also, interferon-γ release from
MNC, CD4/CD8 ratio, NKT cell population, and NK cell population were decreased by this treatment. These findings indicate
that repeated stimulation of NKT cells modifies the Th1/Th2 balance to reduce Th1 dominance, and this may be a mechanism by
which α -galactosylceramide has a therapeutic effect. 相似文献
2.
Garrelds IM Heiligers JP Van Meeteren ME Duncker DJ Saxena PR Meijssen MA Zijlstra FJ 《Digestive diseases and sciences》2002,47(10):2231-2236
The aim of this study was to assess whether colitis induced by dextran sulfate sodium (DSS; 10% in tap water for 7 days) in BALB/c mice is associated with changes in intestinal blood flow. After anaesthesia, systemic hemodynamic variable and regional blood flows and resistances in various organs were measured in both control and DSS-treated mice. Mean arterial blood pressure was significantly lower in DSS-treated mice than in controls (56 ± 4 vs 66 ± 3 mm Hg; P < 0.05), but no differences were found in regional blood flows to or vascular resistances in the lungs, liver, stomach, small intestine (upper, middle, and lower part), cecum, mesentery + pancreas, spleen, kidneys, brain, and skin. However, compared to the control mice, blood flows in the middle (0.88 ± 0.13 vs 0.55 ± 0.09 ml/min/g; P < 0.05) and distal (0.69 ± 0.11 vs 0.29 ± 0.05 ml/min/g; P < 0.05) colon were significantly higher, and vascular resistances in the proximal (0.87 ± 0.21 vs 1.36 ± 0.21 mm Hg min/ml/100 g; P < 0.05), middle (0.60 ± 0.10 vs 1.46 ± 0.35 mm Hg min/ml 100 g; P < 0.05) as well as distal (0.90 ± 0.25 vs 2.67 ± 0.49 mm Hg min/ml/100 g; P < 0.05) colon were significantly lower in mice with experimental colitis. Interestingly, there was a gradient in the intestinal blood flow in control mice from the upper small intestine (2.79 ± 0.72 ml/min/g) down to the distal colon (0.29 ± 0.05 ml/min/g); such a gradient was also present in the colitis mice. It is concluded that DSS-induced colitis in mice is associated with microcirculatory disturbances in the colon, mainly in its middle and distal parts. 相似文献
3.
Depletion of goblet cells (the main mucin-producing cells in the colon) is one of the most reliable histological characteristics
of ulcerative colitis, whereas a major symptom of this disease is bloody diarrhea containing a large amount of mucus. The
discrepancy between these phenomena was investigated in a time-course study in rats with experimental colitis induced by treatment
with oral dextran sulfate sodium (DSS) for 1, 3, or 5 days. Biochemical analysis showed a reduction in mucin content in the
distal side of the colon that was proportional to the duration of DSS administration. In the proximal side of the colon, however,
there was a significant increase in mucin content already on the first day of treatment with DSS. This increase in colonic
mucin content continued for the 5 days of treatment. In the distal side, both sulfomucin and sialomucin decreased proportionally
to the duration of DSS administration. In the proximal side, there was an increase in high iron diamine-Alcian blue-positive
mucins, and confirming the proliferation of goblet cells. The proliferated glands were predominantly sialylated. Goblet cell
depletion and an increase in mucin production occurred in different parts of the colon. This phenomenon may be a type of compensatory
function of colon tissue in response to the localized decrease of mucin production in certain portions of the colon.
(Received Sept. 7, 1998; accepted Nov. 27, 1998) 相似文献
4.
Hiroshi Noda Fumihiro Chiba Nobuyuki Toyama Fumio Konishi 《Journal of hepato-biliary-pancreatic sciences》2009,16(1):83-85
Mucin-producing carcinoma of the gallbladder is very rare. We report here a case of mucin-producing carcinoma of the gallbladder associated with primary sclerosing cholangitis (PSC) and ulcerative colitis (UC). A 74-year-old female had been treated with salazosulfapyridine and ursodesoxycholic acid becase of UC and PSC. After 7 years of treatment, laboratory data showed that the liver function took a turn for the worse, and the patient was admitted to our hospital for further examination. Enhanced computed tomography and ultrasonography showed an enlarged gallbladder associated with wall thickening and diffuse papillary protrusion. Endoscopic retrograde cholangiography showed stenosis and dilatation of the bile duct, which were compatible with PSC. Under the diagnosis of an early carcinoma of the gallbladder, we performed simple cholecystectomy. The tumor showed a papillary growth pattern located diffusely in the gallbladder with a massive amount of mucin filling the gallbladder. Histologically, it was diagnosed as a papillary adenocarcinoma localized in the mucosal layer. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first case of mucin-producing carcinoma of the gallbladder associated with PSC and UC. PSC and UC patients should be regarded as a high-risk group not only for cholangiocarcinoma but also carcinoma of the gallbladder. 相似文献
5.
Oxidative stress and metabolism in animal model of colitis induced by dextran sulfate sodium 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
Damiani CR Benetton CA Stoffel C Bardini KC Cardoso VH Di Giunta G Pinho RA Dal-Pizzol F Streck EL 《Journal of gastroenterology and hepatology》2007,22(11):1846-1851
BACKGROUND AND AIM: Ulcerative colitis is a chronic inflammatory disease of the gastrointestinal tract. Its etiology remains unclear, but it appears to result from a dysregulated immune response, with infiltration of phagocytic leukocytes into the mucosal interstitium. The production and release of reactive oxygen species by immune cells seems to play a crucial role in physiopathology of colitis. The aim of this work was to evaluate the effects of N-acetylcysteine (NAC) and deferoxamine (DFX) in the treatment of colitis induced by dextran sulfate sodium (DSS). METHODS: The effects of NAC and DRX on rats with DSS-induced colitis were determined by measuring intestinal parameters of oxidative stress and mitochondrial function, inflammatory response and bowel histopathological alterations. RESULTS: DSS increased white blood cells count and NAC and DFX did not prevent this effect. However, DSS increased mitochondrial respiratory chain complex IV in colon of rats and NAC and DFX prevented this alteration. In addition, thiobarbituric acid reactive substances were increased in colon of DSS-treated rats. NAC and DFX, when taken together, prevented this effect. Complex II and succinate dehydrogenase were not affected by DSS, as protein carbonyl content. CONCLUSIONS: It is speculated that NAC and DFX might be useful for treatment of colitis, but further research is necessary to clarify these effects. 相似文献
6.
Dysplasia and carcinoma development in a repeated dextran sulfate sodium-induced colitis model 总被引:5,自引:0,他引:5
Okayasu I Yamada M Mikami T Yoshida T Kanno J Ohkusa T 《Journal of gastroenterology and hepatology》2002,17(10):1078-1083
BACKGROUND: As an important mechanism underlying the increased risk of colorectal carcinoma development in patients with long-standing ulcerative colitis, promotion as a result of the regenerative process has been proposed. In the present study, a dysplasia-carcinoma sequence in a novel repeated colitis model in mice is documented. METHODS: Repeated colitis was induced by nine administration cycles of 3% dextran sulfate sodium (DSS; molecular weight, 54 000): each administration cycle comprised 3% DSS for 7 days followed by distilled water for the subsequent 14 days, to give conditions similar to the clinically observed active and remission phases in humans. RESULTS: Multiple colorectal tumors (nine low- and four high-grade dysplasias and two carcinomas) developed in 25 mice. These neoplastic lesions consisted of tubular structures, presenting as various types of elevated, flat and depressed tumor, similar to those in ulcerative colitis patients. A time-course study with assessment of the severity of colitis and in vivo bromodeoxyuridine uptake during a single 3% DSS administration cycle revealed a high level of regenerative activity in the colitis-affected mucosal epithelia. CONCLUSION: Thus, with the present repeated colitis model, regeneration and neoplastic lesions were apparent, the biological features of which provide evidence of a colorectal dysplasia-invasive carcinoma sequence in ulcerative colitis. 相似文献
7.
Effects of germinated barley foodstuff on dextran sulfate sodium-induced colitis in rats 总被引:9,自引:0,他引:9
Osamu Kanauchi Tomohiko Nakamura Kazue Agata Keiichi Mitsuyama Toshihiko Iwanaga 《Journal of gastroenterology》1998,33(2):179-188
Germinated barley foodstuff (GBF), derived from the aleurone and scutellum fractions of germinated barley, is rich in glutamine
and low-lignified hemicellulose, and increases mucosal protein, RNA, and DNA content in the intestine when fed to normal rats.
The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of feeding GBF or germinated gramineous seeds on experimental ulcerative
colitis. Sprague-Dawley rats that received 3% dextran sulfate sodium in their diets were used as an experimental colitis model.
The effects of sulfasalazine, a drug used to treat inflammatory bowel disease, were compared with those of GBF. After rats
had consumed diets containing GBF or various aleurone and scutellum fractions, mucosal damage; the content of mucosal protein,
RNA, and DNA in the colo-rectum; and serum interleukin-8 and α1-acid glycoprotein levels were assessed. GBF and germinated seeds more effectively prevented bloody diarrhea and mucosal damage
in colitis compared with controls and rats receiving sulfasalazine, but non-germinated samples did not have a protective effect.
GBF increased mucosal protein and RNA content in the colitis model. The consumption of GBF appears to prevent inflammation
in a colitis model, and its effect seems to be related to the germination process. GBF and germinated seeds have the potential
to serve as nutritional therapy for ulcerative colitis.
(Received Mar. 17, 1997; accepted July 25, 1997) 相似文献
8.
Colonic cancer in a patient with primary sclerosing cholangitis and long-standing ulcerative colitis
Mitsuru Seo Mitsuo Okada Shunji Osamura Shinobu Hara Toshimi Umeno Kanekiyo Maeshiro Yutaka Yamada Kouichi Yuh 《Journal of gastroenterology》1997,32(1):83-88
A 27-year-old woman with a 9-year history of ulcerative colitis involving the entire colon was admitted to our hospital in August 1992 because of bloody stools and left lower abdominal pain. She had been treated with sulfasalazine since 1983 and the colitis had been clinically quiescent or mild for 7 years. She had also been diagnosed as having primary sclerosing cholangitis (PSC) 4 years prior to this admission, based on the clinical, laboratory, and cholangiographic findings. A barium enema and colonoscopy showed an irregular mass obstructing the bowel lumen in the distal portion of the descending colon. Biopsy specimens taken from the mass revealed moderately differentiated adenocarcinoma, and a subtotal colectomy was performed. Histologic examination of the mass lesion showed moderately differentiated adenocarcinoma invading the pericolic adipose tissue. She is currently alive 3 years after surgery. PSC has recently been reported as a risk factor for colonic neoplasia in patients with longstanding ulcerative colitis. In Japan, however, colorectal cancer associated with PSC and ulcerative colitis has rarely been reported. The present case suggests that the risk of colonic cancer is higher in patients with ulcerative colitis and PSC than in patients with ulcerative colitis alone. 相似文献
9.
10.
To evaluate the concomitant effects of appendectomy and oral tolerance on colitis.METHODS:Delayed-type hypersensitivity (DTH) was investigated at a 7-d interval after ovalbumin (OVA) administration and immunization under normal and colitis conditions in appendectomized or sham-operated mice.Pathological scores for the colon were graded after ingestion of colon-extracted protein (CEP) and induction of dextran sulfate sodium (DSS) colitis in appendectomized or sham-operated mice.Thereafter,Th1 and Th2 in Peye... 相似文献
11.
E. HASHIMOTO M. IDETA M. TANIAI U. WATANABE H. OKUDA K. NAGASAKO T. HISAMITSU H. OBATA 《Journal of gastroenterology and hepatology》1993,8(2):146-149
An association between primary sclerosing cholangitis (PSC) and chronic ulcerative colitis (CUC) is well known in Western countries, but there have been no reports on this association in Japan. We reviewed 163 consecutive CUC patients (91 males and 72 females) diagnosed from 1984 to 1990 at Tokyo Women's Medical College. Abnormal liver function tests were found in 42 patients with CUC (25.8%), but chronic liver disease was only diagnosed in seven patients (4.3%). Among these seven patients, there were four with PSC, one with small-duct PSC, one with transfusion-associated chronic hepatitis and one with Type B liver cirrhosis. No relationship was found between the documented colonic manifestations of CUC and the presence of PSC. The four PSC patients did not have a longer history of CUC at the time of diagnosis of PSC than CUC patients without PSC. At the time of PSC diagnosis, two patients were asymptomatic, one presented with right upper quadrant pain, and the other had fatigue. Three patients were diagnosed as having CUC before the onset of PSC (range 2–13 years), and the other patient had both diseases simultaneously. All four had a good prognosis. Thus PSC was the most common chronic liver disease associated with CUC in our series, and it was present in all our CUC patients with alkaline phosphatase levels exceeding twice the upper limit of normal and mild transaminase elevation. 相似文献
12.
Selective uptake of intraluminal dextran sulfate sodium and senna by macrophages in the cecal mucosa of the guinea pig 总被引:5,自引:0,他引:5
The involvement of macrophages in the passage of intraluminal substances into the lamina propria was examined in the large
intestine of the guinea pig. Dextran sulfate sodium (DSS) and senna, which, experimentally, induce ulcerative colitis and
melanosis coli, respectively, were chosen for examination, since these substances are visible under the microscope without
any special treatment. DSS (MW 50 000) and senna were orally administered to guinea pigs. In tissue sections of the intestine,
the presence of DSS was demonstrated by toluidine blue staining, while senna was visible under the light microscope as brown
pigment. In the large intestine of guinea pigs, macrophages were most numerous in the cecum, decreasing in number towards
the rectum. Metachromatic reaction due to DSS was first recognized in the epithelium of the cecum, and was subsequently incorporated
by macrophages. The presence of DSS, either in the epithelium or in macrophages, was not recognized in the small intestine
or the distal colon. Senna pigmentation was also limited to the cecum and proximal colon, in which pigmented macrophages aggregated
in the lamina propria. The two different substances administered orally were taken up in the cecum, and partly also in the
proximal colon; the substances passed through the epithelium and were incorporated by macrophages. This finding suggests the
existence of a weak point in the intestinal barrier in this particular portion of the intestine. 相似文献
13.
Is there an excess risk for colorectal cancer in patients with
ulcerative colitis and concomitant primary sclerosing cholangitis? A
population based study 总被引:15,自引:0,他引:15
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Background—Patients with ulcerative colitis havean increased risk of colorectal cancer. Duration, age, and extent ofthe disease at diagnosis are the only established risk factors.Patients with ulcerative colitis and concomitant primary sclerosingcholangitis (PSC) have been reported to have a higher frequency ofcolonic DNA aneuploidy and/or dysplasia than expected, findingsindicating an increased risk of colorectal cancer compared with otherpatients with ulcerative colitis.
Methods—A population based cohort consisting of125 patients with a verified diagnosis of PSC was followed up bylinkage to the Swedish Cancer Registry for the occurrence of colorectal cancer.
Results—There were 12 colorectal cancers. Sixcancers were diagnosed prior to the diagnosis of PSC. Among the 104 patients with an intact colon at the time of the diagnosis of PSC there was a cumulative risk for colorectal cancer of 16% after 10 years. Among the 58 patients with a diagnosis of ulcerative colitis and colorectal cancer prior to the diagnosis of PSC, there were five colorectal cancers corresponding to a cumulative risk of 25% after 10years.
Conclusions—Patients with ulcerative colitis andconcomitant PSC seem to constitute a subgroup with a high risk forcolorectal cancer.
相似文献
Methods—A population based cohort consisting of125 patients with a verified diagnosis of PSC was followed up bylinkage to the Swedish Cancer Registry for the occurrence of colorectal cancer.
Results—There were 12 colorectal cancers. Sixcancers were diagnosed prior to the diagnosis of PSC. Among the 104 patients with an intact colon at the time of the diagnosis of PSC there was a cumulative risk for colorectal cancer of 16% after 10 years. Among the 58 patients with a diagnosis of ulcerative colitis and colorectal cancer prior to the diagnosis of PSC, there were five colorectal cancers corresponding to a cumulative risk of 25% after 10years.
Conclusions—Patients with ulcerative colitis andconcomitant PSC seem to constitute a subgroup with a high risk forcolorectal cancer.
相似文献
14.
Mitsuru Seo Mitsuo Okada Motonobu Kanda Hiroshi Murayama Shunji Osamura Kouji Ohdera Yoshiki Egashira Toshimi Umeno 《Digestive endoscopy》2000,12(1):46-51
A 64‐year‐old Japanese male was admitted to Fukuoka University Hospital to undergo further examination for an elevated γ‐glutamyltransferase (γ‐GTP) level. Endoscopic retrograde cholangiography (ERC) showed dilatation of the intrahepatic bile duct and stenosis of the proximal portion of the common bile duct. No abnormality was found in the gall‐bladder. Since the fecal occult blood test was positive, sigmoidoscopy and a barium enema were performed. Sigmoidoscopy showed a hyperemic and hemorrhagic mucosa in the rectum, but a barium enema study did not show any abnormal findings in the entire colon. We diagnosed the patient to have primary sclerosing cholangitis (PSC) and ulcerative proctitis based on these radiological and endoscopic findings. Bloody stool and fever occurred 4 months after the first admission. The patient’s colitis extended to the entire colon. Because of the failure of corticosteroid therapy, a subtotal colectomy was performed. Given that a mass was intraoperatively palpable in the gall‐bladder, a cholecystectomy was simultaneously performed. In the whole resected colon, diffuse ulcerations and mucosal islands were found. Grossly, a flat polypoid lesion, measuring 2 cm in diameter, was found in the fundus of the resected gall‐bladder. Sections of this lesion in the gall‐bladder revealed cystic atypical glands and some atypical cell clusters invading the subserosa. The present case suggests that careful observations are needed for patients with ulcerative colitis who have an elevated γ‐GTP level even if the colitis is limited to the distal colon and the serum alkaline phosphatase level is normal. 相似文献
15.
Kim TW Seo JN Suh YH Park HJ Kim JH Kim JY Oh KI 《World journal of gastroenterology : WJG》2006,12(2):302-305
AIM: To investigate the roles of lymphocytes in the development of dextran sulfate sodium-induced colitis. METHODS: Using various doses of dextran sulfate sodium (DSS), we induced colitis in wild-type B6 control and Rag-1 knockout (H-2b haplotype) mice, and evaluated the colitis in terms of symptomatic and histologic parameters, such as weight loss, survival, severity of diarrhea, shortage of colon length and histological changes. Symptomatic parameters were checked daily and histological changes were scored. RESULTS: Although development of colitis in Rag-1 knockout mice treated with high dose (5%) of DSS was comparable to that in B6 control mice, colitis progression was much more tolerable in Rag-1 knockout mice compared to than in B6 mice treated with low dose (1.5%) DSS. Symptomatic parameters as well as histopathologic changes were improved in Rag-1 knockout mice. CONCLUSION: These results indicate that the presence of lymphocytes contributes to colitis progression at low dose of DSS stimulation. Lymphocytes may play roles as an aggravating factor in DSS-induced colitis. 相似文献
16.
OBJECTIVE: To study the effect of enteral nutrition (EN) on dextran sulfate sodium (DSS)‐induced colitis in rats. METHODS: Eighty‐four Sprague–Dawley rats were divided into 7 groups (12 rats in each group). The blank control group was given ordinary laboratory feed and drinking water. The experimental groups received 5% DSS as drinking water for 7 days. Of the experimental groups, the model control group received ordinary laboratory feed, protein based enteral nutrition (PEN) was fed in the PEN group, while other groups received ordinary laboratory feed plus 5‐aminosalicylic acid (5‐ASA), methyl‐prednisolone, Lactobacillus or glutamine, respectively. On the 8th day, all the rats were sacrificed. Inflammatory scores were assessed from colonic mucosa. Blood culture from inferior vena cava, fecal culture and secretary immunoglobulin‐A (S‐IgA) levels from colonic contents were determined. RESULTS: Colon inflammatory scores of Lactobacillus, PEN, glutamine and drug‐treated groups were lower than that of the model control group (P < 0.01). The ratios of bacteria translocation in the EN (PEN, Lactobacillus and glutamine) groups were lower than that in the model control group (P < 0.0083). Fecal Lactobacilli in the Lactobacillus and glutamine groups were higher than that in the model control group (P < 0.05). S‐IgA levels in colonic contents of the PEN and 5‐ASA group were lower than that in the model control group (P < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS: EN is an effective therapy for treating DDS‐induced colitis. EN could alleviate damage, promote the repair of colonic epithelial cells and inhibit bacterial translocation. Lactobacillus and glutamine could also increase the Lactobacilli in colon. 相似文献
17.
目的研究葡聚糖硫酸钠(DSS)诱导小鼠实验性结肠炎的临床和病理特征,以便于指导选择合适的溃疡性结肠炎(ulcerative colitis,UC)小鼠模型。方法予3%DSS溶液喂饲野生型C57BL/6成年小鼠诱导急性结肠炎模型,分别于第0天、第3天、第5天、第7天和第10天麻醉处死小鼠,取结肠观察不同时期结肠病理学特征,造模过程中连续观察并记录小鼠体质量、大便和死亡情况。结果小鼠造模第3天开始出现粪便潜血,第5天开始出现血便,第10天开始出现死亡小鼠,死亡率为30%。DSS诱导小鼠急性结肠炎模型疾病活动指数第3天后与饮用纯净水的小鼠比较明显增高(P0.05)。小鼠结肠炎造模第3天黏膜上皮细胞开始逐渐丧失,第7~10天最为严重;隐窝结构的紊乱从第3天开始发生,第7天出现固有层塌陷;炎性细胞浸润从第3天开始数量逐渐增加,第10天最为严重。DSS诱导小鼠急性结肠炎模型结肠组织病理评分第5天后与饮用纯净水的小鼠比较明显增高(P0.05)。结论 3%DSS诱导野生型C57BL/6成年小鼠急性结肠炎模型可用于UC的实验研究,第3天出现明显的炎症表现,第7天模型较理想,小鼠死亡少。 相似文献
18.
Clinical course of ulcerative colitis in patients with and without primary sclerosing cholangitis 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
Moayyeri A Daryani NE Bahrami H Haghpanah B Nayyer-Habibi A Sadatsafavi M 《Journal of gastroenterology and hepatology》2005,20(3):366-370
BACKGROUND AND AIM: We noticed in our practice that patients with ulcerative colitis (UC) who have developed primary sclerosing cholangitis (PSC) experience a milder course of colonic disease. Our objective in this study was to define whether or not there is any difference between UC activity and its course in patients with and without PSC. METHODS: Nineteen patients with UC and PSC (eight male, mean age 25 years) were enrolled. To every patient with UC and PSC, three patients with UC alone (total of 57 patients, 28 male, mean age 24 years) matched for age at onset, duration of the disease and extension of colonic disease were selected as the control group. We used number of hospitalizations due to activity of UC and number of short corticosteroid administrations in various years of follow-up as variables indicating course and severity of the colonic disease in this period. For comparing trends of UC activity between two groups, we used repeated measures two-way analysis of variances. RESULTS: Mean duration of follow up in case and control groups was 12.2 +/- 5.7 and 11.4 +/- 4.9 years, respectively. Two groups had no significant difference in use of sulfasalzine or aminosalicylates. Number of hospitalizations and courses of steroid therapy because of UC activity decreased significantly over time (P < 0.000) in both groups, and it was significantly higher in controls than in cases (P = 0.045 and 0.032, respectively). CONCLUSIONS: Development of PSC in patients with UC might have a positive effect on colonic disease. Further investigations to evaluate the basis of this improvement are warranted. 相似文献
19.
20.
Hitoshi Sano Takahiro Nakazawa Tomoaki Ando Kazuki Hayashi Itaru Naitoh Fumihiro Okumura Katsuyuki Miyabe Michihiro Yoshida Satoru Takahashi Hirotaka Ohara Takashi Joh 《Journal of hepato-biliary-pancreatic sciences》2011,18(2):154-161