Use of a nasojejunal tube after total gastrectomy: a multicentre prospective randomised trial

Dehiscence of the Roux-en-Y oesophagojejunostomy after total gastrectomy is an infrequent complication that may lead to severe morbidity and even death when it occurs. A prospective multicentre randomised trial was designed to assess the need for routine nasojejunal decompression after total gastrectomy with Roux-en-Y oesophagojejunostomy in patients with gastric cancer. Two hundred and thirty-seven patients undergoing total gastrectomy for gastric cancer were randomly assigned to placement of a nasojejunal tube (NJT group) or not (no-NJT group). The patients were monitored for postoperative complications, mortality and postoperative course. The rates of anastomotic leaks were similar in both groups (NJT group, 6.9%; no-NJT group 5.8%) as were the rates of major postoperative complications (25.9% and 21.5%, respectively) and the overall postoperative mortality rates (0.9% and 0.8%, respectively). There were no differences between the two groups in mean time +/- SD to passage of flatus (4.6 +/- 1.3 and 4.5 +/- 1.7 days, respectively) and to starting a liquid diet (7.8 +/- 2.6 and 7.7 +/- 1.6 days, respectively), or in mean +/- SD postoperative hospital stay (13.5 +/- 7.3 and 13.9 +/- 10.9 days, respectively), mean postoperative pain and postoperative abdominal distension. The results of this study suggest that routine placement of an NJT after Roux-en-Y oesophagojejunostomy is unnecessary in elective total gastrectomy for gastric cancer.     

Higher morbidity and mortality after combined total gastrectomy and pancreaticosplenectomy for gastric cancer

Total gastrectomy with pancreaticosplenectomy for gastric cancer has been proposed for facilitating lymph node dissection or for resection of direct tumor invasion to the pancreas, especially for T4 lesions. Its effectiveness in improving patient survival is still controversial, and higher morbidity and mortality with this procedure have been reported in several series. Such risks to patient survival were not observed in the Japanese series. Based on a prospective gastric cancer database maintained from 1987 to 1999 in our institution, the morbidity and mortality were analyzed in our series of pancreaticosplenectomies. A total of 1,278 patients with gastric cancer received gastrectomy in our surgical unit. Of these, 127 patients underwent curative total gastrectomy with pancreaticosplenectomy in order to facilitate lymph node dissection or removal of direct tumor invasion. Operative time, postoperative hospital stay, postoperative complications, and surgical mortality were analyzed. Compared to another 201 total gastrectomies, longer mean operative time (7.91 +/- 2.16 hours vs. 6.67 +/- 2.01, p <0.001) and postoperative hospital stay (median, 24.5 days vs. 17, p <0.001) for combined organ resection (pancreaticosplenectomy) were shown in this series. The major complication rate, including intraabdominal abscess, anastomotic leak, postoperative bleeding, pancreatitis/fistula, chylous leak, and general complications causing unstable vital signs (26.8% vs. 11.9%, p = 0.001), but not the mortality rate (6.3% vs. 4.8%, p = 0.608), was also shown to be higher in pancreaticosplenectomy patients. The most frequent fatal complication was intraabdominal abscess. However, more than 50% of complications occurred in the first 40 pancreaticosplenectomies (1987-1991); after adequate accumulation of experience, the total complication rate (57.5% vs. 35.6%, p = 0.021), major complication rate (40% vs. 20.7%, p = 0.022), and mortality rate (17.5% vs. 1.1%, p = 0.001) improved significantly in the remaining 87 patients (1991-1999). We therefore conclude that total gastrectomy with pancreaticosplenectomy can be performed by experienced surgeons with acceptable risk of morbidity and mortality.     

Nasojejunal tube placement after total gastrectomy: a multicenter prospective randomized trial

HYPOTHESIS: Anastomotic disruption of the Roux-en-Y esophagojejunostomy after total gastrectomy is an infrequent complication that may lead to severe morbidity and mortality. Consequently, a nasojejunal tube (NJT) is frequently placed when this operation is performed. However, no studies have compared routine vs no placement of an NJT in patients undergoing total gastrectomy for gastric cancer, to our knowledge. DESIGN: Randomized controlled trial to assess the need for routine nasojejunal decompression after total gastrectomy with Roux-en-Y esophagojejunostomy in patients with gastric cancer. SETTING: Tertiary care centers. PATIENTS: Two hundred thirty-seven patients undergoing total gastrectomy for gastric cancer were randomly assigned to NJT placement (NJT group) or not (no-NJT group). The patients were monitored for postoperative complications, mortality, and postoperative course. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Incidence of esophagojejunostomy leak. RESULTS: The rates of anastomotic leak were similar in both groups (6.9% and 5.8% for the NJT group and no-NJT group, respectively; P = .71), as were the rates of major postoperative complications (25.9% and 21.5%, respectively; P = .42) and overall postoperative mortality (0.9% and 0.8%, respectively; P = .50). There were no differences between the 2 groups in the mean+/-SD time to passage of flatus (4.6 +/- 1.3 and 4.5 +/- 1.7 days, respectively) or to starting a liquid diet (7.8 +/- 2.6 and 7.7 +/- 1.6 days, respectively), postoperative length of hospital stay (13.5 +/- 7.3 and 13.9 +/- 10.9 days, respectively), postoperative pain, or postoperative abdominal distention. CONCLUSION: Routine placement of an NJT after Roux-en-Y esophagojejunostomy is unnecessary in elective total gastrectomy for gastric cancer.     

Total versus subtotal gastrectomy: surgical morbidity and mortality rates in a multicenter Italian randomized trial. The Italian Gastrointestinal Tumor Study Group.

OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this study was to analyze postoperative morbidity and mortality of patients included in a randomized trial comparing total versus subtotal gastrectomy for gastric cancer. SUMMARY BACKGROUND DATA: There is controversy as to whether the optimal surgery for gastric cancer in the distal half of the stomach is subtotal or total gastrectomy. Although only a randomized trial can resolve this oncologic dilemma, the first step is to demonstrate whether the two procedures are penalized by different postoperative morbidity and mortality rates. METHODS: A total of 624 patients with cancer in the distal half of the stomach were randomized to subtotal gastrectomy (320) or total gastrectomy (304), both associated with a second-level lymphadenectomy, in a multicenter trial aimed at assessing the oncologic outcome after the two procedures. The end points considered were the occurrence of a postoperative event, complication, or death and length of postoperative stay. RESULTS: Nonfatal complications and death occurred in 9% and 1% of subtotal gastrectomy patients and in 13% and 2% of total gastrectomy patients, respectively. Multivariate analysis of postoperative events showed that splenectomy or resection of adjacent organs was associated with a twofold risk of postoperative complications. Random surgery and extension of surgery influenced the length of stay. The mean length of stay, adjusted for extension of surgery, was 13.8 days for subtotal gastrectomy and 15.4 days for total gastrectomy. CONCLUSIONS: Our data show that subtotal and total gastrectomies, with second-level lymphadenectomy, performed as an elective procedure have a similar postoperative complication rate and surgical outcome. A conclusive long-term evaluation of the two operations and an accurate estimate of the oncologic impact of surgery on long-term survival, not penalized by excess surgical risk of one of the two operations, are consequently feasible.     

Determinants of surgical morbidity in gastric cancer treatment

BACKGROUND: The occurrence of early surgical complications after gastrectomy as a treatment for gastric cancer has been reported to have a negative impact on longterm survival. The aim of this study was to identify treatment-related factors that can predict morbidity and mortality in patients undergoing operations for gastric cancer. STUDY DESIGN: The charts of 388 patients who underwent different operations for gastric cancer at A Gemelli General Hospital, Catholic University of Rome, Italy, between January 1992 and April 2007, were reviewed. Patients were grouped according to the type of surgical treatment performed. The study end points were postoperative morbidity, mortality, and the length of hospital stay after surgery. RESULTS: Overall morbidity and mortality rates were 16.2% (63 patients) and 2.3% (9 patients), respectively. Overall morbidity rates were higher in patients more than 64 years of age, when a gastric tumor was resected along with the spleen, and when an extended lymphadenectomy was performed. Patients older than 64 years had longer postoperative hospital stays, and Roux-en-Y gastrojejunostomy was predictive of a shorter stay. Mortality was not influenced by any surgically related factors. CONCLUSIONS: Age, splenectomy, and extended lymphadenectomy were independently associated with the development of complications after gastric cancer operations. After subtotal gastrectomy, Roux-en-Y gastrojejunostomy was associated with a shorter postoperative length of stay than conventional Billroth I and Billroth II reconstructions.     

Indication for and outcome of laparoscopy-assisted Billroth I gastrectomy

BACKGROUND: Since 1991, laparoscopy-assisted Billroth I gastrectomy has been used for patients with early gastric cancer. The aim of this study was to clarify the outcome of 40 patients who underwent this operation and to examine the indications based on a retrospective histological study of 248 resected cases of early gastric cancer. METHODS: Operating time, blood loss, length of skin incision, and postoperative hospital stay and complications were examined using the operation records and medical charts. The presence or absence of lymph node metastasis, tumour size, site, gross type, histological type, depth of invasion, presence or absence of ulceration, and status of lymph node metastasis were investigated in 248 early gastric cancers. RESULTS: The mean operating time was 3 h and 48 min and the mean length of skin incision was 5.8 cm. Although one patient who had suffered from chronic bronchitis developed pneumonia and wound dehiscence, no other patients had a postoperative complication. The mean hospital stay after operation was 16 days and all patients were alive without recurrence at a median follow-up of 21 months. The incidence of lymph node metastasis in early gastric cancer was 2 per cent (three of 130) in mucosal cancers and 14 per cent (17 of 118) in submucosal cancers. These lesions could have been completely resected by laparoscopy-assisted gastrectomy. CONCLUSION: All 40 patients were treated successfully by laparoscopy-assisted Billroth I gastrectomy without significant complications and with no recurrences to date. Pathological study of conventionally resected stomach and lymph nodes confirmed that laparoscopy-assisted Billroth I gastrectomy would be a safe and useful operation for most early gastric cancers.     

The technique of laparoscopically assisted total gastrectomy with jejunal interposition for early gastric cancer

BACKGROUND: In recent years, laparoscopic gastrectomy has been applied to the treatment of gastric cancer in Japan. However, there are few reports of laparoscopic or laparoscopically assisted total gastrectomy in the treatment of gastric cancer because of the difficulty of the surgical technique. Laparoscopically assisted total gastrectomies with jejunal interpositions were performed on four patients with early gastric cancer located in the upper portion of the stomach. METHODS: Four surgical ports were inserted into the abdomen. The stomach was lifted to the abdominal wall using newly developed retraction tubes. Gastric arteries were divided using ultrasonically activated coagulating shears and ligated with ligation forceps. Following these steps, a total gastrectomy reconstruction was performed by jejunal interposition through a small transverse laparotomy. An esophagojejunostomy and a jejunoduodenostomy were made with circular staplers. RESULTS: The mean operating time and blood loss were 246 min and 236 ml, respectively. The operations were performed without serious complications. All patients were pain free and ambulatory after the laparoscopically assisted total gastrectomy, and the mean postoperative hospital stay was 16 days. CONCLUSION: We successfully performed laparoscopically assisted total gastrectomies in a relatively short period of time. When patients are carefully selected, the laparoscopic procedure can be curative and minimally invasive as a treatment for early gastric cancer.     

腹腔镜D2全胃切除术联合全胃系膜切除术在进展期胃癌中的应用

目的探讨腹腔镜D2全胃切除术与全胃系膜切除术(CME)对进展期胃癌的可行性、安全性。方法收集2015年1月至2020年1月上海交通大学医学院附属仁济医院南院收治的进展期胃癌患者300例,其中行标准D2全胃切除术150例(D2组),D2组基础上给予CME治疗的患者150例(D2+CME组)。比较两组患者手术时间、术后出血量、淋巴结清扫数量等相关手术指标,记录统计两组患者首次下床活动时间、术后排气时间、住院时间及半流质饮食时间等术后恢复指标,同时比较两组患者术后并发症及随访2年期间复发与死亡情况。结果两组患者手术时间、术中出血量差异无统计学意义,D2+CME组患者淋巴结清扫个数显著高于D2组,胃系膜未完整切除率则显著低于D2组(P<0.05)。两组患者住院时间、术后排气时间、半流质饮食时间及下床活动时间差异无统计学意义;D2+CME组患者术后并发症发生率、复发率及病死率明显低于D2组(P<0.05)。结论腹腔镜D2全胃切除术联合CME对进展期胃癌具有良好的治疗效果且预后良好,作为一项安全有效的术式,值得在临床推广使用。     

全胃切除横结肠代胃术在胃癌治疗中的应用

目的：探讨全胃切除横结肠代胃术在胃癌治疗中的应用价值。方法：193例胃癌患者随机分为对照组与观察组,对照组采用传统食管/空肠Schlatter吻合术或食管/空肠Roux-en-Y吻合术重建消化道,观察组以横结肠代胃术重建消化道。比较两组术前、术后第1,9天T细胞亚群和IL-2及急性炎症介质的变化、术后病死率、并发症发生率、住院时间。结果：术前及术后第1天,两组各项指标差异均无统计学意义（均P>0.05）;术后第9天,与对照组比较,观察组CD4+细胞比例,CD4+/CD8+,IL-2水平明显升高,而CD8+T细胞比例,IL-6, C-反应蛋白（CRP）水平明显降低（均P<0.05）;两组术后病死率、并发症发生率差异无统计学意义（P>0.05）,而观察组平均住院时间明显少于对照组（P<0.05）。结论：横结肠代胃术是一种安全的消化道重建新术式,对改善胃癌患者术后的免疫功能具有积极意义。

     

快速康复外科模式在腹腔镜胃癌根治术中的应用

目的：评价快速康复外科（FTS）在接受择期手术的腹腔镜胃癌根治术（D2根治）患者中的安全性和有效性。方法：将68例拟接受择期腹腔镜手术的胃癌患者分为快速康复组和传统治疗组,每组34例。快速康复组围手术期接受快速康复方案处理,传统治疗组接受传统的围手术期处理。观察术后首次排气时间、术后住院时间、住院总费用及术后并发症等。结果：两组病人均痊愈出院。快速康复组患者与传统手术相比,首次排气时间提前、术后的住院时间缩短、住院总费用减少（P〈0．05）。术后并发症发生率没有增加（P〉0．05）。结论：快速康复外科模式在接受择期腹腔镜手术的胃癌患者中安全可行,加快了患者术后康复,缩短了术后住院时间,降低了医疗费用。     

腹腔镜辅助胃癌根治术(附48例报告)

目的:探讨腹腔镜辅助胃癌根治术的安全性与手术疗效。方法:回顾分析48例腹腔镜胃癌根治切除术的临床资料,评价其手术时间、术中出血量、术后住院时间、并发症发生率、中转开腹率及淋巴结清扫数量。结果:3例中转开腹,45例成功完成腹腔镜手术。远端胃切除、全胃切除、近端胃切除手术时间平均(170.5±15.2)min、(220.3±20.1)min、(180.8±53.7)min。术中出血量:(125.6±19.5)ml、(320.2±31.7)ml、(178.4±24.8)ml。淋巴结清扫数量:(23.8±8.2)、(25.7±4.6)、(22.5±9.1)。术后住院时间:(7.5±2.1)d、(8.9±6.4)d、(7.2±3.7)d。术后随访3~24个月,7例复发转移(包括中转开腹2例),术后发生并发症6例。结论:腹腔镜辅助胃癌根治术是治疗进展期胃癌安全、可行且近期疗效良好的手术方法。随着腹腔镜器械的改进,术者手术经验的积累、操作技术的熟练及对胃癌生物学特性的进一步认识,合理地将腹腔镜同其他内窥镜技术联合起来,腹腔镜胃癌根治术会得到更好地开展与推广,适应证将不断扩展。     

胃癌合并胆囊结石同期手术治疗58例临床分析

目的探讨胃癌合并胆囊结石同期手术治疗的可行性及临床效果。方法对58例胃癌合并胆囊结石病人同时行手术治疗,并与同期58例单纯胃癌手术病人进行对照分析。结果两组病人的手术时间、术中出血量、术后3d引流量、住院时间、术后并发症等比较,差异均无统计学意义(P0.05)。化疗完全结束3个月后随访结果显示,两组病人的营养状况、胃切除术后胃肠道并发症发生率等情况相近,差异亦无统计学意义(P0.05)。结论对胃癌合并胆囊结石的病人同时行胃癌根治术与胆囊切除术是安全可行的,不增加手术风险与远期胃切除术后胃肠道并发症发生率。     

腹腔镜辅助与开腹胃癌根治术治疗进展期胃癌中的效果比较

目的 比较腹腔镜与传统胃癌根治术在进展期胃癌中的效果.方法 分析我院从2007年6月至2009年5月开展的30例进展期胃癌行腹腔镜下辅助胃癌根治术病例资料,与同期30例进展期胃癌行开腹胃癌根治术病例资料作为对照,比较两组患者的手术指标、术后恢复及肿瘤根治程度.结果腹腔镜组手术时间显著长于开腹组(P<0.05),但止痛剂使用次数、出血量和输血率、手术切口长度、术后第1天白细胞数目、术后第1天体温升高程度、肠功能恢复时间及总住院时间均小于开腹组(P<0.05),而在切缘距肿瘤距离、淋巴结清扫数目及近期并发症上两组差异无统计学意义(P均>0.05).结论 腹腔镜下胃癌D2根治术应用于治疗进展期胃癌,安全、可行、有效、创伤小且近期效果良好.     

Laparoscopy-assisted total gastrectomy for early gastric cancer: comparison with conventional open total gastrectomy

Laparoscopy-assisted distal gastrectomy has been applied to the treatment of early gastric cancer in Japan. So far, several studies about comparison between laparoscopy-assisted distal gastrectomy and conventional open distal gastrectomy were reported. However, there are few reports on the laparoscopy-assisted total gastrectomy, mainly because this procedure is performed relatively infrequently, and the procedure is more difficult than laparoscopy-assisted distal gastrectomy. This was a case-control study comparing between laparoscopy-assisted total gastrectomy group and open total gastrectomy group. From June 2001 to August 2004, laparoscopy-assisted total gastrectomy was performed in 20 patients. Reconstruction was performed by Roux-en-Y method or Roux-en-Y with jejunal pouch method through the mini-laparotomy. These cases were compared with 19 cases of open total gastrectomy, regarding operating time, blood loss, leukocyte count, C-reactive protein, time to the first passage of gas, time to initiate oral intake, and postoperative hospital stay.Laparoscopy-assisted total gastrectomy was successful in 20 patients. The mean operating time was 280 minutes and blood loss was 227.5 mL. Leukocyte counts on days 1, 3, and 7 were significantly lower in laparoscopic surgery group than in open surgery group. The time to first flatus, time to initiate oral intake, and postoperative hospital stay was significantly shorter (P < 0.05) in the laparoscopic surgery group than in the open surgery group. This study demonstrated that laparoscopy-assisted total gastrectomy is suitable and feasible for early gastric cancer and has the advantage of a shorter recovery time compared with open total gastrectomy.     

完全腹腔镜与腹腔镜辅助Roux-en-Y吻合在远端胃癌根治术中的应用

目的探讨完全腹腔镜下Roux-en-Y吻合技术在远端胃癌根治术的安全性及可行性。方法回顾性分析2014年5月至2015年6月150例远端胃癌根治术Roux-en-Y吻合病人的临床资料,其中78例行完全腹腔镜胃癌根治术(total laparoscopic gastrectomy,TLG)和72例行腹腔镜辅助下胃癌根治术(laparoscopy-assisted gastrectomy,LAG)。结果 150例手术均获成功,术后病理检查切缘均为阴性。TLG组平均手术时间为(261.4±30.9)min,与LAG组的(258.1±26.7)min相比,差异无统计学意义(P0.05)。TLG组切除淋巴结为(32.4±9.2)枚,与LAG组切除淋巴结(33.5±9.4)枚相比,差异无统计学意义(P0.05)。但TLG组术中出血量明显少于LAG组[(270.7±63.4)ml比(372.9±84.6)ml,P0.05],手术切口长度明显短于LAG组[(3.1±0.8)cm比(7.3±1.6)cm,P0.05],差异均有统计学意义。同时,TLG组术后镇痛天数、住院时间、首次下床活动时间、首次进食流质时间、术后肛门排气时间均较LAG组显著缩短,差异有统计学意义(均P0.05)。术后随访6个月,LAG组吻合口相关并发症发生率为4.2%(3/72),TLG组均未出现吻合口漏、吻合口狭窄、吻合口出血、十二指肠残端瘘或肠梗阻等相关并发症。结论完全腹腔镜下远端胃癌根治术Roux-en-Y吻合技术是安全、可行的,与小切口腹腔镜辅助吻合相比具有创伤小、出血少、恢复快、住院时间短及疼痛感轻等优势,近期效果显著。     

毕Ⅱ+Braun吻合与毕Ⅱ式吻合在腹腔镜远端胃癌根治术中的疗效对比研究

目的:对比分析毕Ⅱ式+Braun吻合与单纯毕Ⅱ式吻合在腹腔镜远端胃癌根治术中的安全性及有效性,探讨毕Ⅱ+Braun吻合在胃癌根治术中的优势.方法:回顾分析2015年12月至2018年12月74例行腹腔镜远端胃癌根治术患者的临床资料,其中35例行毕Ⅱ+Braun吻合(毕Ⅱ+Braun组),39例行毕Ⅱ式吻合(毕Ⅱ组).对...     

Laparoscopically assisted distal gastrectomy for early gastric cancer in the elderly

BACKGROUND: Open gastrectomy is associated with increased morbidity and a longer hospital stay than laparoscopically assisted gastrectomy. The aim of this study was to clarify the value of laparoscopically assisted distal gastrectomy (LDG) in the elderly, in whom co-morbid disease is generally more common. METHODS: Forty-five elderly patients (aged 70 years or more) and 57 younger patients who underwent LDG, and 28 elderly patients who underwent open distal gastrectomy (ODG) for early gastric cancer between January 1994 and April 2003 were studied. Demographics and postoperative outcomes were compared. RESULTS:: Co-morbidity was more common in elderly patients than in younger patients who underwent LDG (25 of 45 versus 16 of 57; P = 0.004). The postoperative complication rate, time to solid diet and postoperative hospital stay were similar in these two groups. Elderly patients who underwent LDG had a significantly reduced medical complication rate (two of 45 versus six of 28; P = 0.023), time to first flatus (3.7 versus 4.2 days; P = 0.042), time to solid diet (4.6 versus 5.5 days; P = 0.011) and postoperative hospital stay (16.3 versus 23.9 days; P = 0.011) than elderly patients who had ODG. CONCLUSION: LDG offers particular advantages to elderly patients with early gastric cancer, including rapid return of gastrointestinal function, fewer complications and a shorter hospital stay.     

Enhanced Recovery After Surgery protocol for elderly gastric cancer patients: A prospective study for safety and efficacy

BackgroundEnhanced Recovery After Surgery (ERAS) has been used to improve surgical outcomes in recent years. However, its safety and efficacy in elderly patients with gastric cancer remain unclear. The aim of this study was to reveal the safety and efficacy of the ERAS protocol in elderly patients with gastric cancer.MethodsElderly gastric cancer patients (age≥70 years) who underwent gastrectomy were divided into the ERAS group and the conventional group. Postoperative complications, postoperative hospital stay, hospitalization expenses, and readmission rates were compared between the two groups.ResultsFrom December 2019 to January 2021, 100 eligible patients were enrolled in our study. All baseline data were balanced between the ERAS group and the conventional group. There was no significant difference in terms of complications (18% vs. 16%, P = 0.14) between the two groups. The most common complication was pneumonia. Four patients were observed in the conventional group and three patients in the ERAS group. The postoperative hospital stay was shorter in the ERAS group (8.2 vs. 10.4, P = 0.001).ConclusionsThe ERAS protocol could be safely used in elderly gastric cancer patients undergoing gastrectomy and shorten postoperative hospital stay.     

腹腔镜辅助下进展期胃癌根治术的临床应用(附47例报告)

目的 研究腹腔镜在进展期胃癌中根治术能否满足胃癌手术切缘及D2淋巴结清扫的根治要求.方法 对47例行腹腔镜辅助下胃癌根治术的进展期胃癌患者的临床资料进行回顾性分析.结果 腹腔镜辅助下根治性近端胃大部切除术25例,根治性远端胃大部切除术11例,全胃根治术10例,1例中转开腹;手术时间(220±55)min,术中出血(150±87)ml.术后肛门排气时间、下床活动时间、术后住院时间分别为(5.1±0.5)d、(3.2±0.8)d、(9.0±1.5)d;腹腔镜辅助远端胃大部切除术11例,手术时间(284±37)min,术中出血(120±70)ml.术后肛门排气时间、下床活动时间、术后住院时间分别为(4.0±0.8)d、(3.2±1.5)d、(9.0±2.0)d.腹腔镜辅助全胃切除术10例,手术时间(330±50)min,术中出血(240±65)ml.术后肛门排气时间、下床活动时间、术后住院时间分别为(4.1±0.8)d、(3.2±0.8)d、(9.5±2.0)d.淋巴结清扫平均数(21.95±9.88)个,近端切缘与肿瘤距平均距离(6.41±2.13)cm;远端切缘与肿瘤平均距离(6.22±1.98)cm.无术中及术后并发症,近期疗效良好.结论 腹腔镜在进展期胃癌中根治术是安全可行的,能达到胃癌标准根治术(D2)的淋巴结清扫范围和肿瘤切缘,远期疗效有待进一步观察.     

老年胃癌患者全胃切除的危险因素分析

目的 分析影响老年胃癌患者全胃切除的危险因素。方法 对胃癌数据库中1994年8月至2004年8月60岁以上的131例胃癌患者行全胃切除的资料进行回顾性分析，确定影响老年胃癌患者全胃切除的危险因素。结果 术前有并存疾病、血红蛋白低于80g／L、白蛋白低于35g／L、体重指数（BMI）低于18．5kg／m^2．术中失血量大于或等于1000ml、手术时间5h以上和联合脏器切除（脾／胰体尾切除）是老年胃癌患者全胃切除的危险因素，发生死亡的相对危险度分别为1．57、1．74、2．97、4．23、2．21、2．28和3．80，发生并发症的相对危险度分别为1．50、1．90、2．38、2．12、2．45、1．66和3．41。结论 老年胃癌患者行全胃切除时应综合考虑上述危险因素，以提高手术的安全性。