地震后被转移伤员创伤后应激障碍及心理状况分析

Objective To investigate the incidence of post traumatic stress disorder ( PTSD ) and mental status in the transferred wounded after Wenchuan earthquake. Methods At the 40th day after earthquake, 354 wounded were evaluated by the PTSD Symptoms Self Rating Scale, and Symptom Checklist 90 ( SCL-90 ). The diagnosis of PTSD was made according to DSM-Ⅳ criteria. Results After 40 days, 82( 23.2% )suffered PTSD in these wounded, including 55 females( 55/200,27.5% ) and 27 males( 27/154,17. 5% ), the rate in women was significantly higher than that in men. In those non-PTSD wounded, 199patients 199/249,79.9% ) had re-experienced symptoms, 164 patients( 164/249,65.9% ) had numbness/escaping symptoms, 208 patients( 208/249,83.5% ) had excessive arousing symptoms. The SCL-90 total score( 209.00 ±68.78 ), obsession( 2. 38 ± 0. 61 ), human relation sensitivity( 2. 18 ± 0. 87 ), depression ( 2. 50 ±0. 86 ), anxiety( 2.42 ± 0. 90 ) and hostility factor( 2.47 ± 0. 87 ) score of the PTSD were higher than those of the non-PTSD[( 153.08 ± 5.63 ),( 1.71 ± 0. 64 ),( 1. 50 ± 0. 60 ),( 1.71 ± 0. 69 ),( 1.70 ±0. 76 ),( 1.66 ±0. 73 );P ＜0. 05 -0. 01] . The SCL-90 total score and somatization, obsession, depression,anxiety, hostility, phobia, crankiness, psychosis and the other factor score of the wounded were higher than those of the national norm group( P ＜ 0. 05 - 0. 01 ). Conclusion Considerable number of the transferred wounded existed PTSD symptoms in experienced earthquake disaster, they need to be intervened for a long period.     

唐山大地震心理创伤后应激障碍的抽样调查研究

目的 调查唐山大地震心理创伤后应激障碍（ＰＩＳＤ）的患病率,方法 应用自行编制的ＰＩＳＤ调查表和标准化评定工具,对地震时在唐山市区居住且亲身经在地震者１８１３人进行抽样调查。结果 １８１３人中诊断为急性应激反应（ＡＳＲ）３３５例（１８．４８％）延迟性应激障碍（ＤＳＤ）４０２例（２２．１７％）其中现患ＤＳＤ１７例,现患率为０．９４％,结论 大地震后ＡＳＲ和ＤＳＤ的患病率高,个体远期心身健康水平较低。     

地震后半年未愈伤员创伤后应激障碍调查

目的：探讨汶川地震灾后半年,震伤未愈伤者创伤后应激障碍（PTSD）的发生率和相关因素。方法：选取成都市某医院地震伤员康复中心未愈伤者58例,采用自制一般情况问卷、心理健康自评问卷、分离性体验量表、PTSD自评量表和特质应对方式问卷进行测评。结果：未愈伤者在地震灾后半年患PTSD者占41.4%;男性伤者中残疾率28.6%和PTSD发生率28.6%明显低于女性伤者的46.7%和53.3%（P〈0.05）。创伤后应激水平与积极应对方式呈正相关（r=0.483,P〈0.01）;和消极应对方式呈负相关（r=-0.449,P〈0.01）。伤者中分离水平极低,遗忘和创伤后应激水平呈正相关（r=0.541,P〈0.01）;残疾、低社会支持和创伤后应激水平显著相关（r=0.642,P〈0.05）。结论：地震灾后半年,震伤未愈伤者PTSD患病率较高,残疾、社会支持差、遗忘水平高、消极的应对方式是震伤未愈者发生PTSD的主要相关因素,应给予充分的药物及心理治疗。     

唐山大地震所致孤儿心理创伤后应激障碍的调查

目的 调查唐山大地震所致孤儿的心理创伤后应激障碍的发生情况。方法 应用中国精神疾病分类方案与诊断标准第２版修订本中的急性应激反应（ＡＳＲ）和心理创伤后应激障碍（ＰＩＳＤ）诊断标准,于１９９８年３月对５７例地震所致孤儿进行诊断,按有无ＰＩＳＤ分为患者和正常组,采用焦虑自评量表（ＳＡＳ）、症状自评量表（ＳＣＬ－９０）、明尼苏达多相个性测查表（ＭＭＰＩ）等进行测评和比较。结果 ５７例中有２７例（４７％）     

癌症与创伤后应激障碍

严重威胁生命的恶性疾病如癌症所导致的创伤后应激障碍（PTSD）越来越引起临床医生的重视,国外不少精神科医生致力于与癌症相关PTSD的临床研究,积累了一些经验,本就此做一综述。     

创伤后应激障碍的睡眠障碍

尽管睡眠障碍在精神疾病中非常常见，但他常常被当作精神疾病的二级症状，认为对其主要精神疾病的治疗才是缓解睡眠苦恼的最可行办法。事实上，比如创伤后应激障碍(PTSD)的噩梦并不随总症状评分的下降而减少，有时可持续很长时间，而采用针对睡眠紊乱的治疗方案后，超过50％患者的创伤后应激症状可得到有效缓解。现论述PTSD对睡眠的影响，并讨论睡眠紊乱的治疗问题。     

地震现场救援军人吸烟与创伤后应激障碍的相关性

目的:了解吸烟与创伤暴露、创伤后应激障碍(PTSD)之间的关系.方法:共1 125名地震现场救援军人在四川汶川地震6个月后纳入调查.调查工具包括一般人口学资料、Davidson创伤量表(DTS)及烟草依赖情况调查表.结果:实查1 056人,共检出PTSD患者69例,PTSD患病率6.53%.调查发现:①PTSD组吸烟率...     

创伤后应激障碍患者的脑干诱发电位分析

目的：探讨创伤后应激障碍（PTSD）患者的脑干听觉诱发电位（BAEP）变异特点及其与心身症状的关系。方法：对54例PTSD患者进行BAEP检测和心身症状评定,分析BAEP与心身症状的相关性,并与健康人作比较。结果：PTSD患者Pz脑区Ⅲ、Ⅴ波绝对潜伏期和Ⅰ～Ⅲ波间期均延迟,Ⅲ～Ⅴ波间期缩短,Ⅴ／Ⅰ波波幅比下降;症状自评量表（SCL-90）的总分及其躯体化、强迫、抑郁、焦虑因子分,事件影响量表（IES）的总分及其回避、闯入因子分显著高于对照组;Pz脑区BAEP各波的观察指标与大部分心身症状的相关有显著性意义。结论：BAEP检测为PTSD患者的临床辅助诊断提供了一种敏感、客观的电生理学手段。     

创伤后应激障碍国内研究现状

创伤后应激障碍(Post traumatic stress disorder,PTSD),指在遭遇异乎寻常的威胁或灾难后延迟出现并长期持续的精神障碍。造成这种心灵创伤的应激通常指严重的自然灾害、残酷的战争经历、肉体酷刑或被强奸等。PTSD在《中国精神障碍分类与诊断标准第3版(CCMD-3)》中归在“应激相     

军人创伤后应激障碍的P300及其与心身症状相关性的对照研究

目的探讨军人创伤后应激障碍（PTSD）的事件相关电位P300变异特点及其与心身症状的相关性.方法对符合中国精神障碍分类与诊断标准第三版（CCMD-3）中PTSD诊断标准的60例患者（PTSD组）以及56例健康军人（对照组）,使用美国Nicolet Bravo脑电生理仪进行P300检测;应用症状自评量表（SCL-90）和事件影响量表（IES）进行心身症状评定,并分析PTSD组的P300与心身症状的相关性.结果 PTSD组的P300靶潜伏期P3（CZ脑区）与N2（PZ脑区）缩短,靶波幅P3（PZ脑区）升高与非靶波幅P2（CZ脑区）降低,与对照组的差异均有显著性（P＜0.05～0.01）;SCL-90总分及其躯体化、强迫、抑郁、焦虑因子分,IES总分及其回避和闯入因子分均明显高于对照组（P＜0.01=）;PTSD患者的部分心身症状与P300部分潜伏期、波幅显著相关（P＜0.05～0.01）.结论 P300可试作为PTSD辅助诊断的一个脑电生理学标志.     

中国汶川地震现场救援军人创伤后应激障碍及相关因素的调查

目的 调查抗震救灾一线救援军人任务完成6个月创伤后应激障碍(PTSD)的患病率及相关因素.方法 采用目前美国PTSD流行病学调查和诊断工具,按整群分层抽样原则对1125名汶川抗震救灾现场救援军人PTSD的患病率及相关因素进行调查.PTSD诊断采用Davidson创伤量表(DTS)症状发生频率和严重程度总分≥40分标准确定,并使用美国精神障碍诊断与统计手册第4版(DSM-Ⅳ)诊断标准复查,使用SPSS13.0软件对调查资料和DTS诊断结果进行单因素和Logistic回归分析.结果 实际调查1056人;DTS诊断PTSD 69例,患病率6.53%;DSM-Ⅳ复查符合诊断63例,患病率5.97%;独生子女、服役满意度低、吸烟、创伤暴露阶段未进行心理干预及有饮酒习惯者PTSD患病率显著高于相对应的人群(P＜0.05);地震经历暴露程度高(P＜0.01,OR=6.258)、创伤暴露阶段未进行心理干预(P=0.019,OR=3.106)是抗震救灾现场救援军人PTSD的显著危险因素,而独生子女是PTSD潜在的危险因素(P=0.057,OR=2.235).结论 PTSD是抗震救灾现场军人常见的心理障碍,加强创伤暴露者的心理防护和危机干预十分必要.     

矿难后急性重性创伤后应激障碍症状激发和创伤有关短期记忆提取的功能性磁共振成像研究

目的 探讨急性重性创伤后应激障碍(post traumatic stress disorder,PTSD)患者的脑功能及执行记忆功能时的脑反应.方法 采用功能磁共振成像技术,对经历矿难的10例急性重性PTSD患者(PTSD组)和7例非PTSD对照(非PTSD组)执行症状激发任务,并首次采用1项创伤有关的短期记忆提取任务...     

中国汶川地震现场救援军人创伤后应激障碍及相关因素的调查

Objective To determine the prevalence of post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) and its impact factors 6 months after Wenchuan earthquake in a group of military first responders.Method A total of 1125 military first responders serving in the earthquake were screened and enrolled in the study.The social-demographic characteristics, Davidson Trauma Scale ( DTS), earthquake exposure screening scale, Beck Anxiety Inventory (BAI) and Beck Depression Inventory ( BDI- Ⅱ ) were assessed to every first responder 6 months after the earthquake.The PTSD diagnosis was based on both DTS ≥ 40 and DSM-Ⅳ criteria.Results The final analysis was carried out on 1056 first responders.The prevalence of PTSD was 6.53% (69 cases) according to DTS criteria and 5.97% (63 cases) according to DSM-Ⅳ criteria.The univariate analysis revealed that being a single child, dissatisfied with current service, having a history of smoking or drinking, no psycho counseling during traumatic exposure and intensity of traumatic exposure were significantly associated with an increased risk of PTSD.Results from logistic regression indicated that the intensity of traumatic exposure, no psycho counseling during traumatic exposure were significant predictors of PTSD.Being a single child (OR =2.24, 95% CI 0.98 -5.12,P =0.057) was a trend predictor of PTSD.Conclusion The study results support that PTSD is a common mental disorder in military first responders earthquake, it is necessary to strengthen psychological protection and crisis intervention.     

中国汶川地震现场救援军人创伤后应激障碍及相关因素的调查

Objective To determine the prevalence of post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) and its impact factors 6 months after Wenchuan earthquake in a group of military first responders.Method A total of 1125 military first responders serving in the earthquake were screened and enrolled in the study.The social-demographic characteristics, Davidson Trauma Scale ( DTS), earthquake exposure screening scale, Beck Anxiety Inventory (BAI) and Beck Depression Inventory ( BDI- Ⅱ ) were assessed to every first responder 6 months after the earthquake.The PTSD diagnosis was based on both DTS ≥ 40 and DSM-Ⅳ criteria.Results The final analysis was carried out on 1056 first responders.The prevalence of PTSD was 6.53% (69 cases) according to DTS criteria and 5.97% (63 cases) according to DSM-Ⅳ criteria.The univariate analysis revealed that being a single child, dissatisfied with current service, having a history of smoking or drinking, no psycho counseling during traumatic exposure and intensity of traumatic exposure were significantly associated with an increased risk of PTSD.Results from logistic regression indicated that the intensity of traumatic exposure, no psycho counseling during traumatic exposure were significant predictors of PTSD.Being a single child (OR =2.24, 95% CI 0.98 -5.12,P =0.057) was a trend predictor of PTSD.Conclusion The study results support that PTSD is a common mental disorder in military first responders earthquake, it is necessary to strengthen psychological protection and crisis intervention.     

张北地震后应激障碍患者神经内分泌和细胞因子的研究

目的研究应激障碍患者血浆皮质醇、生长激素、泌乳素和白细胞介素(IL)2,6,8与正常个体的差异.方法于河北省张北尚义发生里氏6.2级地震后3个月,在当地选取因地震导致的创伤后应激障碍(PTSD)患者34例(PTSD组),未达到PTSD诊断标准且不符合其他精神障碍的受应激个体30例(非PTSD受应激组),未受应激者34名(对照组),进行血浆皮质醇、生长激素、泌乳素和白细胞介素(IL)2,6,8的检测.血浆皮质醇、生长激素、泌乳素、IL-2检测采用放射免疫法; IL-6和IL-8检测采用酶联免疫法.结果 PTSD组患者和非PTSD受应激组的血浆皮质醇浓度均明显高于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P=0.013,P=0.006);血浆IL-2浓度均明显低于对照组,差异均有统计学意义(P=0.000,P=0.000).三组间泌乳素及IL-6的差异无统计学意义(P=0.389,P=0.363).PTSD组的生长激素浓度与非PTSD受应激组(P=0.099)及对照组(P=0.511)的差异无统计学意义.非PTSD受应激组的生长激素浓度明显高于对照组(P=0.014).PTSD组患者IL-8浓度明显高于非PTSD受应激组 (P=0.021), 而与对照组的差异无统计学意义 (P=0.078).非PTSD受应激组IL-8浓度明显低于对照组(P=0.000).结论 PTSD患者的神经内分泌和免疫系统有异常改变.