长春市某小学7～12岁儿童福赛斯坦氏菌和中间普氏菌分布状态调查

Objective To detect the presence of Tannerella forsythus(Tf)and Prevotella intermedia (Pi) using polymerase chain reaction(PCR) in the oral plaque samples from children and investigate the relationship between bacteria and clinical parameters. Methods A total of 151 children aged 7 to 12 years were selected from Changchun primary school. The supragingival plaque sample was collected from the mesiobuccal and labial surfaces of the right maxillary central incisor ( FDI 1 ) and the right maxillary first molar ( FDI 6 ). Extracted DNA from plaque samples was used for PCR analysis. Intraoral examination,probing depth (PD) and bleeding on probing (BOP) were performed and recorded. Results The detection rate for Tf was 40. 3% ( 118/293 ) and Pi was 46. 4% ( 136/293 ) in supragingival plaque. The detection rates for Tf and Pi in molars were much higher than those in incisors( P ＜0. 01 ). The detection rate of Tf and Pi was positively related to BOP + and PD. The detection rate for Pi decreased gradually with age, and the detection rate for Tf was highest in the group aged 7 to 8 and the detection rates for Tf and Pi were higher in the gingiva with BOP + than that with BOP - ( P ＞ 0. 05 ). The detection rates for Tf increased remarkably with BOP + and especially when PD was greater than 4 mm. Conclusions Detection rates of putative periodontal pathogens from healthy children of 7 to 12 years of age were high. The detection rates for Tf and Pi in molars were much higher than those in incisors, and the presence of Tf and Pi in supragingival plaque was related to periodontal parameters.     

C反应蛋白基因多态性与慢性牙周炎的相关性研究

Objective To investigate the relationship between C-reactive protein (CRP) + 1444C/T, CRP + 1059G/C polymorphisms and chronic periodontitis ( CP ) in a Han Chinese population. Methods Clinical periodontal parameters[ attachment loss( AL) probing depth(PD) and bleeding on probing(BOP) ] , and serum CRP levels were examined in CP patients (re = 126) and healthy subjects ( n = 113). Results The mean serum CRP level [ (1. 74 ± 1. 67) mg/L] was significantly higher in the CP group than in the control group [ (0. 57 ± 0. 39) mg/L] , P < 0. 001. In the control group, serum CRP levels were significantly lower in subjects with the CRP + 1059 GC and CC genotypes than those with the CRP +1059 GG genotype (P < 0.01). There was no significant difference between genotypes in the CP group. In CP and the control groups, serum CRP levels were significantly higher in subjects with the CRP + 1444 CT and TT genotypes compared to those with the CRP + 1444 CC genotype (P <0. 5). The percentage of CRP + 1059 C allele was 6. 7% (17/252) in the CP group and 4. 9% (11/226) in the control group. The percentage of CRP + 1444 T allele was 6. 3% (16/252) in the CP group and 5. 3% (12/226) in the control group (P > 0. 5). There was no significant difference between groups in both allele frequencies (P > 0. 5 ). The association of CRP + 1059G/C, CRP + 1444 C/T polymorphisms with CP was not found in a regression model ( P > 0. 5). Conclusions The presence of a CRP + 1059C-allele was associated with lower serum CRP levels and the presence of a CRP + 1444T-allele was associated with higher serum CRP levels. However, the data suggested that CRP + 1059G/C, CRP + 1444 C/T polymorphisms were not significantly associated with serum CRP levels of chronic periodontitis patients in ethnic Han Chinese.     

C反应蛋白基因多态性与慢性牙周炎的相关性研究

Objective To investigate the relationship between C-reactive protein (CRP) + 1444C/T, CRP + 1059G/C polymorphisms and chronic periodontitis ( CP ) in a Han Chinese population. Methods Clinical periodontal parameters[ attachment loss( AL) probing depth(PD) and bleeding on probing(BOP) ] , and serum CRP levels were examined in CP patients (re = 126) and healthy subjects ( n = 113). Results The mean serum CRP level [ (1. 74 ± 1. 67) mg/L] was significantly higher in the CP group than in the control group [ (0. 57 ± 0. 39) mg/L] , P < 0. 001. In the control group, serum CRP levels were significantly lower in subjects with the CRP + 1059 GC and CC genotypes than those with the CRP +1059 GG genotype (P < 0.01). There was no significant difference between genotypes in the CP group. In CP and the control groups, serum CRP levels were significantly higher in subjects with the CRP + 1444 CT and TT genotypes compared to those with the CRP + 1444 CC genotype (P <0. 5). The percentage of CRP + 1059 C allele was 6. 7% (17/252) in the CP group and 4. 9% (11/226) in the control group. The percentage of CRP + 1444 T allele was 6. 3% (16/252) in the CP group and 5. 3% (12/226) in the control group (P > 0. 5). There was no significant difference between groups in both allele frequencies (P > 0. 5 ). The association of CRP + 1059G/C, CRP + 1444 C/T polymorphisms with CP was not found in a regression model ( P > 0. 5). Conclusions The presence of a CRP + 1059C-allele was associated with lower serum CRP levels and the presence of a CRP + 1444T-allele was associated with higher serum CRP levels. However, the data suggested that CRP + 1059G/C, CRP + 1444 C/T polymorphisms were not significantly associated with serum CRP levels of chronic periodontitis patients in ethnic Han Chinese.     

Prevalence of Distolingual Roots in the Permanent Mandibular Molars in a Chinese Population

Objective: The purpose of this study was to detect the prevalence of distolingual(DL) roots in the permanent mandibular molars in a Chinese population by using cone-beam computed tomography(CBCT).Methods : A total of 500Chinese patients’CBCT images were examined.The incidences and bilateral concurrence rates of DL roots were determined for the permanent mandibular first,second and third molars.The differences between sexes and sides were tested by using Chi-square tests.The antimeric correlations for occurrence of the trait were analyzed with the Spearman’s rank order correlation test.Results : The prevalence of 3-rooted mandibular first molars was 31.98%(134 / 419individuals) calculated by individuals,and 25.89%(217 / 838teeth) calculated by teeth.The bilateral concurrence rate was 61.94%.A significant right-side predilection was found in the female group(P=0.025) as well as for both sexes combined(P=0.009).The Spearman’s correlations coefficient between antimeres was 0.77(P=0.000).The prevalence of DL roots in the mandibular second and third molars were 2.02%(8 / 396individuals) and 12.10%(19 / 157individuals),respectively.The corresponding bilateral concurrence rate was 12.50% and 35.83%,and the bilateral correlation coefficient was 0.22(P=0.000) and 0.50(P=0.000),respectively.Conclusion : Clinicians should be aware of the high prevalence of the DL roots in the Chinese population.Understanding the pattern of occurrence would be useful for dental treatment.     

长春市某小学7～12岁儿童牙周致病菌分布状态调查

目的 应用聚合酶链反应(PCR)法对儿童口腔内牙龈卟啉单胞菌(Porphyromonas gingivalis,Pg)、伴放线放线杆菌(Actinobacillus actinomycetemcomitans,Aa)分布状态进行检测,探讨检出结果与牙周临床指标之间的关系.方法 选取长春市自强小学151名7至12岁儿童为研究对象,选择右上颌中切牙唇面和右上颌第一磨牙颊面为被检部位,取龈上菌斑、记录探诊出血(bleeding on probing,BOP)、探诊深度(probing depth,PD)、牙龈指数(gingival index,GI),应用PCR法对两菌种进行检测.结果 ①儿童龈上菌斑中Pg、Aa检出率为27.6%、54.3%;②6颊面Pg、Aa的检出率(40.0%、57.9%)均高于1 唇面(15.5%、50.7%),Pg检出率差异有统计学意义(P<0.01),且与BOP、PD、GI呈正相关;③Pg检出率随年龄增长呈逐渐增高趋势,Aa检出率在11～12岁组最高,其次为7～8岁组和9～10岁组;④BOP阳性部位Pg、Aa检出率(38.3%、65.4%)均高于BOP阴性部位(23.2%、50.5%),P<0.05.在BOP阳性部位,随PD加深Pg检出率逐渐增高,特别是在PD≥4mm时,Pg检出率明显增高(P<0.05),显示Pg检出率与BOP阳性、PD增加呈正相关.结论 7～12岁儿童龈上菌斑中高频度分布着Pg、Aa;上颌前牙区与磨牙区菌丛构成不同,Pg在磨牙区定植更早;两菌种检出率随年龄增长而增加,且与牙周临床指标密切相关,儿童早期采取牙周病的预防措施是非常必要的.     

正畸治疗中牙龈增生的致病因素分析

Objective To investigate the pathogenesis of gingival enlargement (GE) in orthodontic treatment. Methods The study sample included 12 patients with GE undergoing fixed orthodontic treatment and 12 periodontally healthy controls. At baseline, periodontal variables,subgingival plaque samples and gingival cervical fluid (GCF) samples were taken from two pre-selected sites in both the GE group and control group. The levels of Porphyromonas gingivalis (Pg),Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans (Aa), Prevotella intermedia (Pi), Treponema denticola (Td) and Tannerella forsythensis (Tf) were determined by real-time PCR. GCF interleukin (IL)-1β were detected by ELISA. Periodontal therapy was administered to the patients in the GE group and all the parameters were reassessed after 4 weeks. Results At baseline, the GE group showed higher prevalence of five periodontal pathogens than the control group (P＜0. 05). IL-1β levels at the GE sites were also significantly higher than those at the control sites (P＜ 0. 05). Four weeks after periodontal therapy, the GE group showed significant improvements in the clinical parameters associated with significant reductions of Pg, Aa and Td. The levels of IL-1β also decreased significantly compared with baseline (P＜0. 05). Conclusions Periodontal pathogens and IL-1β may be related to the initiation and development of GE in orthodontic treatment.     

Treatment of periodontal patients-current clinical concepts

The main goal of the treatment of patients with periodontitis is to establish adequate infection control. To satisfy demands for acceptable aesthetics and chewing function with good long-term prognosis in patients with periodontitis requires the establishment of adequate infection control. Pocket instrumentation (scaling and root planing with or without flap elevation), combined with effective self-performed supragingival plaque control measures, constitutes the basic treatment modalities.     

Microhardness changes in surface enamel after application of bioadhesive fluoride tablets in situ

The effect of fluoride released by bioadhesive tablets was evaluated in an in situ model in human volunteers. Eight volunteers carried four to six polished human enamel samples in a lower lingual device for a period of 5 days without fluoride supplements (control) and 5 days using one bioadhesive tablet (0.5 mg F) per day, placed in the lower buccal sulcus. Changes in mineral content were measured in terms of surface microhardness indentation length (load 0.98 N, Knoop diamond indenter). Some enamel samples were analyzed for their fluoride content by means of a surface etch biopsy. The indentation length increased significantly in both experiments, but demineralization was less pronounced with fluoride (indentation length increased from 44±7 to 48±13 μm) than in the control (44±7 to 58±13 μm). The fluoride concentration and the amount of calcium in the acid etch biopsy specimens of the enamel samples did not differ significantly between the two groups. Bioadhesive, fluoride-releasing tablets have therefore demonstrated the potential to reduce demineralization by elevating salivary and plaque fluoride concentration for a period of several hours. This self-administered device can be a supplementary means for prevention of caries. Received: 2 February 2000 / Accepted: 2 May 2000     

The effect of splinting of teeth in combination with reconstructive periodontal surgery in humans

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effect of splinting teeth on the results of periodontal reconstructive surgery using a specific carbonate bone replacement graft (BRG) material. Forty-five patients were randomly treated with a periodontal surgery approach. Natural coral calcium BRG was utilised in 33 patients. This 33-patient group was divided into three equal groups. In the presplint group, teeth were splinted to at least two rigid teeth before surgery, in the postsplint group, teeth were splinted at suture removal, and in the nonsplint group, the treated teeth were not splinted at all. In 12 patients, teeth were treated with surgical debridement (DEBR) alone and not splinted. Periodontal probing depth (PPD), clinical probing attachment level (CPAL), and tooth mobility were measured using desmodontometry (DDM) and periotest (PTV) with reproducible methods before surgery and at various periods up to 1 year afterwards . A decrease in PPD (5.4 mm, SD 1.4 mm) and tooth mobility (DDM-horizontal 257 μm, SD 60 μm) and a gain of CPAL (5.1 mm, SD 1.4 mm) were seen following the use of BRG in presplint teeth. In the same group, PPD and tooth mobility were significantly reduced compared to nonsplint teeth. DEBR alone showed reductions in tooth mobility and PPD and a significantly smaller gain in CPAL than in presplint teeth treated with BRG. The less favourable improvement in periodontal function of postsplint or nonsplint teeth seemed to be due to the loss of BRG material caused by tooth mobility. These results indicate that an undisturbed wound healing process using BRG together with tooth stability is beneficial to overall clinical success. Received: 30 October 1998 / Accepted: 18 January 2000     

SMAS folded flap and allograft dermal matrix repairing parotid bed following parotidectomy to prevent facial deformity and Frey''''s syndrome

PURPOSE:This study evaluates the outcome of superficial musculoaponeurotic system(SMAS) and allograft dermal matrix(ADM) in preventing facial deformity and Frey's syndrome following parotidectomy.METHODS:Forty-six patients with benign parotid tumors were randomly assigned to 4 groups.The control group consisted of 12 patients who underwent a total parotidectomy;The AMD group consisted of 10 patients who underwent a total parotidectomy and underwent intraoperative placement of ADM within the parotid bed;SMAS group consisted of 11patients who underwent a total parotidectomy and SMAS folded flaps to repair parotid bed;and SMAS plus AMD group consisted of 13 patients who underwent a total parotidectomy and intraoperative placement of ADM to repair parotid bed with SMAS folded flaps.All 46 patients were evaluated via a short questionnaire regarding perception of a facial contour deformity,Frey's syndrome,modified Minor's starch-Iodine test(MSIT) ,and clinical examination.RESULTS:Twelve months of follow-up was conducted after the treatment,the rates of satisfaction with the post-operative facial contour were 33.3%(4/12) ,40.0%(4/10) ,91.9%(10/11) and 100%(13/13) respectively in the control group,AMD group,SMAS group and SMAS plus AMD group,and the difference between the SMAS plus AMD group and the former two groups was statistically significant(P< 0.05) .The incidences of objective Frey's syndrome by MSIT were 50.0 %(6/12) ,20.0%(2/10) ,27.3%(3/11) and 7.7%(1/13) respectively,and the difference between the SMAS plus AMD group and the control groups was statistically significant(P<0.05) .CONCLUSION:The SMAS folded flap is clinically simple to perform,which can prevent depressed facial deformity.Combination of SMAS folded flap and ADM can reduce the incidence of Frey's syndrome in patients undergoing parotidectomy.     

Ⅱ型糖尿病前期伴牙龈炎患儿牙周可疑致病菌的检测

目的:检测Ⅱ型糖尿病前期伴牙龈炎患儿龈下菌斑中的牙周可疑致病菌,指导牙周病的治疗和预防。方法:以6～14岁的儿童作为研究对象,按照血糖水平和牙龈炎症状况分为3组:糖尿病前期伴牙龈炎组(实验组)、代谢正常伴牙龈炎组(对照组一)、代谢正常而牙周健康组(对照组二),每组各30例。以牙龈卟啉单胞菌(Porphyromonas gingivalis,Pg)、伴放线放线杆菌(Actinobacillus actinomycetemcomitans,Aa)、具核梭杆菌(Fusobacterium nucleatum,Fn),中间普氏菌(Prevotella intermedia,Pi),福塞坦氏菌(Tannerella forsythia,Tf)为目标菌,应用以16SrRNA为基础的聚合酶链反应(polynerase chain reaction,PCR)技术对龈下菌群进行检测。分析5种菌的相对含量与牙周临床指标和血糖水平的相关性。结果:5种可疑致病菌的检出率实验组明显高于对照组二(P<0.05);实验组虽高于对照组一,但无统计学差异(P>0.05)。Pg的相对含量与牙周探诊深度(Probing depth,PD)、龈沟出血指数(Sulcus bleeding index,SBI)以及空腹血糖(Fasting blood-glucose,FBG)存在相关性(P<0.05);Pi的相对含量与PD、SBI、FPG、口服葡萄糖耐量实验2 h血糖(OGTT2hBG)存在相关性(P<0.05);Aa和Fn的相对含量与SBI、PD存在相关性(P<0.05);Tf的相对含量与SBI、PD、FBG存在相关性(P<0.05)。结论:Ⅱ型糖尿病前期伴牙龈炎者牙周可疑致病菌的检出率明显高于正常对照组,虽与单纯牙龈炎组相比,其数量无明显差异,但应更加注意血糖水平和菌斑控制。     

应用PCR法对日本儿童口腔内4种牙周致病菌的检测

目的：应用PCR检测日本儿童口腔内牙龈卟啉单胞菌,伴放线放线杆菌,中间普氏菌以及福赛斯坦氏菌4种牙周病致病菌,并探讨检出结果与牙周临床检查参数之间的关系。方法：被检儿童为昭和大学齿科病院儿童牙病科就诊的儿童。随机选取全身健康的儿童37名作为被检对象,在上颌右侧中切牙和上颌右侧第一磨牙的近中唇、颊面采取龈上菌斑,应用PCR法检测牙周致病菌;临床检查包括口腔内检查、探诊深度及牙龈探诊后出血。结果：临床检查结果显示37名儿童均未患有牙周病。牙周致病菌检测结果显示Pg检出率为21.6%,Aa、Pi、Tf三菌种检出率为55%～58%。混合牙列期Aa、Pi、Tf检出率增高和恒牙列完成期检出率减低的倾向。Pg与牙龈探诊后出血之间未见相关,而Aa、Pi、Tf的检出率呈BOP阳性部位高于BOP阴性部位的倾向。结论：本研究结果显示6～18岁儿童龈上菌斑中高频度存在着牙周致病菌。为早期预防牙周病,对将来患牙周病危险性高的儿童进行早期筛查,并且从儿童时期采取预防措施非常必要。     

长春市138名7～12岁儿童口腔牙周健康状态调查

目的:了解长春市小学7～12岁儿童牙周疾病患病状态及4种牙周致病菌检出情况,为进一步大规模系统的儿童口腔疾病调查提供依据.方法:以上颌第一磨牙颊面为被检部位,记录探诊后出血(bleeding on probing,BOP)联邦、探诊深度(probing depth,PD)后,判断牙龈指数(gingival index,...     

内窥镜辅助下微创牙周基础治疗的临床疗效评价

目的 探讨牙周内窥镜辅助下超声龈下刮治及根面平整(subgingival scaling and root planning,SRP)对重度牙周炎治疗的临床疗效.方法 选取2017年6月至2019年1月于南京大学医学院附属口腔医院就诊的Ⅲ-Ⅳ期牙周炎患者19例,随机分为内窥镜组及对照组.内窥镜组在龈上洁治术1周后,牙周...     

Site-specific association between supragingival plaque and bleeding upon probing in young adults

The aim of the present study was to consider supragingival plaque as a risk factor for gingivitis in a group of young adults without destructive periodontal disease. A total of 127 subjects, 17 to 30 years of age, participated. Periodontal probing depth, clinical attachment level as well as bleeding upon probing and supragingival plaque was assessed at 6 sites of every tooth present. The individual odds ratios between plaque and bleeding ranged between 0.237 and 66.6. 23% volunteers had an odds ratio of below 1.2. Only 15% individuals presented with an attributable risk of supragingival plaque for bleeding upon probing of 50% or more. Overall, the odds of bleeding, adjusted for periodontal probing depth, was increased by 67% in the presence of plaque. Large differences were observed at different teeth with the highest odds ratio at mandibular premolars with 2.557 (95% confidence interval 2.033–3.216) and the lowest at maxillary molars with 1.355 (1.161–1.732). It was concluded that there was high interindividual and intraindividual variation of the relative risk for bleeding in the presence of plaque. The observed low overall relative risk has important consequences in educational and health care programmes since the risk of supragingival plaque which is actually attributable for the observed bleeding on probing may be rather small. Received: 29 February 2000 / Accepted: 13 June 2000     

Effect of supragingival plaque control in smokers and never-smokers: 6-month evaluation of patients with periodontitis

BACKGROUND: The effect of supragingival plaque control on clinical signs of periodontitis is controversial, particularly when smoking habits are considered. This study evaluated the clinical effects of supragingival plaque control on clinical signs of periodontitis in smokers and never-smokers. METHODS: The following data were collected for 25 never-smokers and 25 smokers at baseline and 30, 90, and 180 days: visible plaque index (VPI), gingival bleeding index (GBI), bleeding on probing (BOP), periodontal probing depth (PD), and clinical attachment loss (CAL). After baseline examinations, supragingival scaling was performed. Oral hygiene practices were reinforced and reevaluated weekly during the experimental period. Linear models adjusted for clustering of observations within individuals were used for statistical analysis. RESULTS: Reductions in VPI were significant for both groups, with no intergroup differences. GBI at baseline was similar between groups, and at 30, 90, and 180 days, smokers had a lower GBI than never-smokers. Significant reductions were observed in PD for shallow (1 to 3 mm), moderate (4 to 5 mm), and deep sites (> or = 6 mm) in both groups. CAL was significantly greater in smokers throughout the study, but gains in attachment were similar for both groups (0.71 to 1.00 mm). BOP reductions were similar in both groups. CONCLUSIONS: Supragingival plaque control resulted in significant changes in clinical parameters associated with gingivitis and periodontitis. Smoking did not affect results, regardless of initial PD.     

心脏移植患者3种牙周可疑致病菌的检测

目的：应用聚合酶链反应法对心脏移植患者龈上菌斑中牙龈卟啉单胞菌、福赛坦氏菌和齿垢密螺旋体进行检测,分析其存在状况与牙周临床指标的关系。方法：55例心脏移植患者为实验组,36例正常成人为对照组。以16、26为受检牙位,分别采集龈上菌斑,应用PCR技术检测菌斑中的Pg,Tf,Td。同时记录受检牙位的菌斑指数、龈沟出血指数,龈沟探诊深度及附着丧失。结果：心脏移植组PLI、SBI、PD均高于对照组（P〈0.05）,心脏移植组龈上菌斑中Pg、Tf、Td检出率分别为为81.8%、69.1%、76.4%,对照组中3种细菌检出率分别为58.3%、41.7%、41.7%。检出率均高于对照组（P〈0.05）。心脏移植组3种致病菌同时检测出率为53.6%（59/110）,对照组3种致病菌同时检出率为29.2%（21/72）,两组差异有统计学意义（P〈0.05）。心脏移植组中3种致病菌均为阳性患者的PLI、SBI、PD均高于对照组（P〈0.05）。结论：心脏移植患者口腔卫生状况较差,为防止牙周疾病的发生,应及早进行口腔卫生干预治疗。     

Supragingival plaque may modify the effects of subgingival bacteria on attachment loss

BACKGROUND: Bacterial interactions in response to local and systemic factors may explain important features of the pathogenesis of periodontal disease. This study evaluates the role of supragingival plaque level on the relationship between subgingival microorganisms and the risk of attachment loss. METHODS: The study population consisted of 386 white women aged 45 years and older who had at least seven teeth. Subgingival plaque samples were taken from the mesio-buccal surface of six maxillary and six mandibular teeth using paper point technique. The samples were pooled, and immunofluorescence microscopy was performed to identify the following target microorganisms: Actinobacillus actinomycetemcomitans (Aa), Tannerella forsythensis (Tf), Campylobacter rectus (Cr), Prevotella intermedia (Pi), Capnocytophaga species (Cs), Porphyromonas gingivalis (Pg), Eubacterium saburreum (Es), and Fusobacterium nucleatum (Fn). The presence or absence of supragingival plaque and clinical attachment loss (CAL) were assessed at the same 12 sites where subgingival plaque samples were taken. The association of each microorganism with CAL was tested using multiple logistic regressions controlling for age, smoking status, and diabetes. Odds ratios (OR) and their 95% confidence intervals (CI) were calculated. RESULTS: At low supragingival plaque levels, only the presence of Pg was significantly associated with CAL (OR: 6.41, 95% CI: 1.30 to 31.70); all remaining microorganisms were also associated with increased but non-significant risk of CAL. At high supragingival plaque levels, the presence of Tf (OR: 2.40, 95% CI: 1.42 to 4.04) and Pg (OR: 3.71, 95% CI: 1.63 to 8.42) was significantly associated with increased risk of attachment loss. By contrast, the presence of Cs (OR: 0.55, 95% CI: 0.30 to 1.01) and Es (OR: 0.35, 95% CI: 0.15 to 0.82) was associated with decreased risk of attachment loss. Fn, Pi, and Cr were not significantly associated with CAL at either low or high supragingival plaque levels. CONCLUSIONS: This study suggests that the association of certain subgingival microorganisms with CAL changes in relation to supragingival plaque levels in older adult women. It also suggests that the overall effect of dental plaque is a function of the balance between pathogenic and other microorganisms that colonize this environment. Therefore, all microorganisms in the biofilm, including those with no apparent association with overt disease and those with negative associations, may play roles in the pathogenesis of periodontal diseases.     

上颌切牙扇形移位的牙周-正畸联合治疗效果研究

目的    探讨伴上颌切牙病理性扇形移位错牙合畸形的牙周-正畸联合治疗效果。方法    选择2016年1月至2021年12月于南京大学医学院附属口腔医院正畸科就诊的经牙周-正畸联合治疗的伴有上颌切牙扇形移位的Ⅳ期/C级牙周炎患者18例，其中扇形移位的切牙31颗。回顾性分析患者正畸治疗前及正畸治疗后的出血指数（bleeding index，BI）、探诊深度（probing depth，PD）、探诊出血（bleeding on probing，BOP）位点百分比；采用锥形束CT评价扇形移位切牙的剩余牙槽骨高度（residual alveolar bone height，RBH）、切牙倾斜度及牙根吸收比的变化情况。结果    与正畸治疗前相比，正畸治疗后PD显著降低（P < 0.05）；正畸治疗后，扇形移位的切牙腭侧及近中RBH显著增加（均P < 0.05），切牙倾斜度显著减少（P < 0.001）；正畸治疗后唇侧、腭侧及远中上颌中切牙RBH的变化程度大于上颌侧切牙（均P < 0.05），上颌切牙总体牙根吸收比为0.08 ± 0.01。结论    在完善的牙周治疗基础上，正畸治疗有助于扇形移位切牙的牙周组织健康。