综合心理行为干预对军事演习应激状态官兵心理健康和事件相关电位P300的影响

Objective To explore the effects of the comprehensive psychological behavior intervention on the mental health and event-related potentials ( ERPs ) of the servicemen under military exercise. Methods One hundred and twenty-seven servicemen who participated in the military exercise were randomly divided into two groups, named the study group ( n = 63 ) and the control group ( n = 64 ). The servicemen in the study group were given the comprehensive psychological behavior intervention for 6 weeks.They were assessed with the Symptom Checklist-90 ( SCL-90 ) and event-related potential P300( P300 ) preintervention and post-intervention. Results ( 1 )The factors of somatization, interpersonal sensitivity, and anxiety of SCL-90 were significantly decreased after intervention in study group ( P ＜ 0. 05 ). In the control group, the factors of somatization, interpersonal sensitivity, phobic anxiety and total score post-intervention were significantly increased after military exercise ( P ＜0. 05 ). Before intervention, the difference on SCL-90score between the study group and the control group was not significant ( P ＞ 0. 05 ). After intervention, the factors of somatization, interpersonal sensitivity, anxiety, phobic anxiety and total score in the study group were significantly lower than that of the control group ( P ＜0. 05 ). ( 2 )After intervention, the study group showed higher amplitude on target P3 of P300 at Cz and FPz than the baseline ( q = 3.45, 3.46, P ＜ 0. 05 ),and shortened latency on non-target P2 at FPz[( 167.8 ± 23.5 )ms vs. ( 188. 3 ± 25. 2 )ms,q =3.54,P ＜0. 05] . The control group showed higher latency on target P3 at FPz than baseline ( q = 3.64, P ＜ 0. 05 ).Before intervention, there was no significant difference with P300 between two groups ( P ＞0. 05 ). Compared with the controls after intervention, the study group manifested shorter latency on target P3 and non-target P2at Cz and FPz ( P ＜0. 05 ). And higher amplitude on target P3 at Cz and FPz and on non-target P2 at FPz were appeared ( q = 3.34, 3. 35, 3.68, P ＜ 0. 05 ). Conclusion The comprehensive psychological behavior intervention could effectively improve the mental health and partly electrophysiological index of the serviceman in military stress.     

参加第二十九届北京奥运会安全保卫工作军人的心理压力及相关因素

Objective To explore the correlation between maintain security servicemen's mental health and occupation stress and related factors in Peking Olympic Games, and observe the effect of the intervention to them who suffered troubles.Methods By cluster random sampling, 631 maintain security military personnel ( investigation group) and 587 army men not taking part in maintain security ( control group) were investigated with the Military Occupational Stress Scale and Mental Disorder Predictive Scale for Servicemen.Mental intervention or medication was performed to those produced mental disorders.Results (1) There were apparently statistical significance in factor scores of Mental Disorder Prediction Scale for Servicemen and Military Occupational Stress Scale between investigation group and control group ( P ＜ 0.05 or P ＜ 0.01 ).( 2 ) Psychological diathesis and occupational stress of officers and soldiers in investigation group showed a positive correlation with mental disorders (psychoticism, depression, mania, neurosis and personality excursion) (r ranged from 0.14 to 0.70, P ＜0.01).(3) The psychological dys-defense, stressor, leadership, growth experience, personality introvert, marriage, military life experience and social support deficit were the main factors which had affected on mental health of officers and soldiers who attended the maintain security in Peking Olympic Games.Conclusion There is an obviously influence on mental health of officers and soldiers who attended the maintain security in Peking Olympic Games.     

参加第二十九届北京奥运会安全保卫工作军人的心理压力及相关因素

Objective To explore the correlation between maintain security servicemen's mental health and occupation stress and related factors in Peking Olympic Games, and observe the effect of the intervention to them who suffered troubles.Methods By cluster random sampling, 631 maintain security military personnel ( investigation group) and 587 army men not taking part in maintain security ( control group) were investigated with the Military Occupational Stress Scale and Mental Disorder Predictive Scale for Servicemen.Mental intervention or medication was performed to those produced mental disorders.Results (1) There were apparently statistical significance in factor scores of Mental Disorder Prediction Scale for Servicemen and Military Occupational Stress Scale between investigation group and control group ( P ＜ 0.05 or P ＜ 0.01 ).( 2 ) Psychological diathesis and occupational stress of officers and soldiers in investigation group showed a positive correlation with mental disorders (psychoticism, depression, mania, neurosis and personality excursion) (r ranged from 0.14 to 0.70, P ＜0.01).(3) The psychological dys-defense, stressor, leadership, growth experience, personality introvert, marriage, military life experience and social support deficit were the main factors which had affected on mental health of officers and soldiers who attended the maintain security in Peking Olympic Games.Conclusion There is an obviously influence on mental health of officers and soldiers who attended the maintain security in Peking Olympic Games.     

人工寒潮对颈动脉粥样硬化性大鼠血压的影响

目的 探讨人工寒潮对颈动脉粥样硬化性大鼠血压的影响以及尼莫地平的干预作用.方法 将SD大鼠按随机数字表法分为正常组、假手术组和颈动脉粥样硬化组,其中颈动脉粥样硬化组再分为非寒潮组、寒潮组和干预组3个亚组,除非寒潮组外其他各组均经历人工寒潮3d,寒潮组并给予等剂量生理盐水灌胃3 d,干预组并给予尼莫地平干预,分别测量各组经历寒潮前后的血压.结果 (1)寒潮前假手术组及颈动脉粥样硬化组血压明显高于正常组,比较差异有统计学意义(P＜0.05).(2)寒潮后正常组、假手术组及寒潮组的血压较寒潮前明显增高,干预组血压较寒潮前明显下降,比较差异均有统计学意义(P＜0.05).(3)正常组、假手术组及寒潮组之间寒潮前后血压的差值比较无统计学差异.(4)与寒潮组相比,干预组的血压差值明显降低,比较差异有统计学意义(P＜0.05).结论 人工寒潮可以使正常大鼠及颈动脉粥样硬化性大鼠血压升高,尼莫地平可以预防寒潮导致的血压升高.

Abstract：

Objective To study the effect of artificial cold exposure (ACE) on the level of blood pressure in carotid atherosclerotic rats, and the prophylactic effect of nimodipine on it. Methods One hundred and thirty SD rats were randomly divided into normal group (n=10), sham-operated group (n=10), and carotid atherosclerotic (CAS) group (n=110). High-fat diet was given to the sham-operated group and CAS group; normal diet was given to the control group. Then, 105 alive rats in the CAS group were further sub-divided into non-ACE group (n=40), ACE group (n=38) and nimodipine treatment group (n=37). All the groups were subjected to ACE for 3 d except non-ACE group, and kept at 22 °C throughout the experiment. During the ACE, an intragastric administration of nimodipine was given to the nimodipine treatment group. The changes of the blood pressure before and after ACE were analyzed and compared. Results The level of pre-ACE blood pressure in the sham-operated group and CAS group was significantly higher than that in the normal group (P＜0.05). The level of post-ACE blood pressure was significantly increased in the normal group, sham-operated group and ACE group, and significantly decreased in the nimodipine treatment group as compared with the level of pre-ACE one in these groups (P＜0.05). No significant differences were noted between the levels of pre-ACE and post-ACE blood pressure in the normal group, sham-operated group and ACE group (P＞0.05). The level of post-ACE blood pressure in rats treated with nimodipine was obviously decreased as compared with that in the ACE group (P＜0.05). Conclusion ACE could increase the level of blood pressure in carotid atherosclerotic rats and this effect might be lessoned by the administration of nimodipine.     

具有暴力行为的精神分裂症患者病情缓解阶段事件相关电位N270的变化

Objective To explore the cognitive impairments of schizophrenia patients with violence (Sch) in remission and to verify the feasibility of N270 as a clinical examination method to evaluate the cognitive state of schizophrenic patients.Methods Stimulus pairs with identical (match condition) or different (conflict condition) colors were randomly presented to all subjects.Twenty-four Sch patients and twenty-five age-matched normal controls ( NC ) determined if the two stimuli in a pair had the same color while ERPs were recorded from their scalps, using EGI (Electrical Geodesics Inc., Eugene, OR) 256 high density EEG.Results (1) No significant difference on reaction accuracy were found between Sch and NC groups regardless of identical or different colors ( P ＞ 0.05 ), and Sch group showed more delayed reaction time than NC group [identical: Sch(774.17 ± 231.25 ) ms, NC (642.28 ± 185.56 ) ms, t = 2.206, P =0.032; different: Sch(835.35 ±246.79) ms, NC (681.19±207.87) ms, t =2.369, P =0.022].Reaction time under condition of different color was longer than that of identical color in Sch and NC groups (P ＜0.05).(2) Sch group showed more delayed N270 latency and decreased N270 amplitude than NC group (P ＜ 0.05) at F3, F4, C3, C4, Fz, Cz sites.(3) Sch group showed more decreased amplitude of N270 difference wave than NC group at F3, F4, C3,Fz, Cz sites( P ＜0.05), and more delayed latency of N270 difference wave than NC group at F3, F4, C3, C4, Fz, Cz sites ( P ＜ 0.05 ).Conclusions Schizophrenia patients with violence in remission show cognitive deficits, N270 is probably an effective index to detect the cognitive impairment in schizophrenic patients.     

具有暴力行为的精神分裂症患者病情缓解阶段事件相关电位N270的变化

Objective To explore the cognitive impairments of schizophrenia patients with violence (Sch) in remission and to verify the feasibility of N270 as a clinical examination method to evaluate the cognitive state of schizophrenic patients.Methods Stimulus pairs with identical (match condition) or different (conflict condition) colors were randomly presented to all subjects.Twenty-four Sch patients and twenty-five age-matched normal controls ( NC ) determined if the two stimuli in a pair had the same color while ERPs were recorded from their scalps, using EGI (Electrical Geodesics Inc., Eugene, OR) 256 high density EEG.Results (1) No significant difference on reaction accuracy were found between Sch and NC groups regardless of identical or different colors ( P ＞ 0.05 ), and Sch group showed more delayed reaction time than NC group [identical: Sch(774.17 ± 231.25 ) ms, NC (642.28 ± 185.56 ) ms, t = 2.206, P =0.032; different: Sch(835.35 ±246.79) ms, NC (681.19±207.87) ms, t =2.369, P =0.022].Reaction time under condition of different color was longer than that of identical color in Sch and NC groups (P ＜0.05).(2) Sch group showed more delayed N270 latency and decreased N270 amplitude than NC group (P ＜ 0.05) at F3, F4, C3, C4, Fz, Cz sites.(3) Sch group showed more decreased amplitude of N270 difference wave than NC group at F3, F4, C3,Fz, Cz sites( P ＜0.05), and more delayed latency of N270 difference wave than NC group at F3, F4, C3, C4, Fz, Cz sites ( P ＜ 0.05 ).Conclusions Schizophrenia patients with violence in remission show cognitive deficits, N270 is probably an effective index to detect the cognitive impairment in schizophrenic patients.     

急性液化石油气中毒大鼠血清S100B和髓鞘碱性蛋白的检测及意义

目的 研究急性液化石油气(LPG)中毒大鼠血清S100B和髓鞘碱性蛋白(MBP)的变化.方法 健康雄性成年SD大鼠54只按随机数字表法分为正常对照组(n=6)、20%LPG中毒组(n=24)和50%LPG中毒组(n=24).后2组大鼠分别吸入20%、50%LPG,对照组吸入等体积的空气.在中毒1、2、3、7 d时每组取6只大鼠进行神经功能缺损评分(NSS),ELISA法检测血清样本S100B和MBP的含量.结果 与正常对照组比较,20%LPG组中毒1 d、50%LPG组中毒1 d和2 d时NSS评分均较高,差异有统计学意义(P＜0.05);在1 d和2 d时,20%LPG组和50%LPG组大鼠血清S100B、MBP均高于正常对照组,且50%LPG组高于20%LPG组,差异有统计学意义(P＜0.05);3 d时50%LPG组血清S100B、MBP高于正常对照组和20%LPG组,差异有统计学意义(P＜0.05);大鼠LPG中毒1 d时NSS评分、血清S100B、MBP浓度最高,与其它时间点比较差异均有统计学意义(P＜0.05),后随时间延长逐渐恢复.结论 LPG中毒大鼠血清S100B和MBP同时升高,提示胶质细胞参与LPG中毒对神经系统的损害.

Abstract：

Objective To observe the changes of serum S100B and MBP in rats with liquid petroleum gas poisoning. Methods Fifty-four healthy adult male SD rats were randomized into normal control group (n=6), 20% LPG poisoning group (n=24) and 50% LPG poisoning group (n=24). Rat models of liquid petroleum gas poisoning were established in the later 2 groups, and controls were given the same volume of air. The rats of each group(n=6) were scored with neurological severity scale (NSS) and the blood serum was collected on the 1st, 2nd, 3nd and 7th d of poisoning, respectively. The levels of S100B and MBP were detected by euzymelinked immunosorbent assay (ELISA).Results As compared with the scores of NSS in the normal control group, those on the 1st d of poisoning in the 20% LPG poisoning group and those on the 1st and 2nd d of poisoning in the 50% LPG poisoning group were significantly higher (P＜0.05). The levels of Sl00B and MBP in 20% and 50% LPG poisoning groups were higher than those in the control group on the 1st and 2nd d of poisoning (P＜0.05); the levels of S100B and MBP in 50% LPG poisoning group were higher than those in 20% LPG poisoning group on the 1st and 2nd d of poisoning (P＜0.05). The levels of S 100B and MBP in 50% LPG poisoning group were higher than those in 20% LPG poisoning group and normal control group on the 3rd of poisoning (P＜0.05). The NSS scores and the levels of S100B and MBP in rats with LPG poisoning enjoyed the highest scores or levels on the 1st d of poisoning and those decreased after that. Conclusion The levels of S100B and MBP of rats with LPG poisoning increase, indicating that gliocytes participate in the mechanism of nervous system injury in rats with liquid petroleum gas poisoning.     

中国汶川地震现场救援军人创伤后应激障碍及相关因素的调查

Objective To determine the prevalence of post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) and its impact factors 6 months after Wenchuan earthquake in a group of military first responders.Method A total of 1125 military first responders serving in the earthquake were screened and enrolled in the study.The social-demographic characteristics, Davidson Trauma Scale ( DTS), earthquake exposure screening scale, Beck Anxiety Inventory (BAI) and Beck Depression Inventory ( BDI- Ⅱ ) were assessed to every first responder 6 months after the earthquake.The PTSD diagnosis was based on both DTS ≥ 40 and DSM-Ⅳ criteria.Results The final analysis was carried out on 1056 first responders.The prevalence of PTSD was 6.53% (69 cases) according to DTS criteria and 5.97% (63 cases) according to DSM-Ⅳ criteria.The univariate analysis revealed that being a single child, dissatisfied with current service, having a history of smoking or drinking, no psycho counseling during traumatic exposure and intensity of traumatic exposure were significantly associated with an increased risk of PTSD.Results from logistic regression indicated that the intensity of traumatic exposure, no psycho counseling during traumatic exposure were significant predictors of PTSD.Being a single child (OR =2.24, 95% CI 0.98 -5.12,P =0.057) was a trend predictor of PTSD.Conclusion The study results support that PTSD is a common mental disorder in military first responders earthquake, it is necessary to strengthen psychological protection and crisis intervention.     

Effect of zinc protoporphyrin on carbon monoxide/heme oxygenase-1 system in rats subjected to recurrent febrile convulsion

BACKGROUND: Studies on febrile convulsion (FC)-caused brain injury are disputed in many aspects. How FC cause nervous system injury in the developmental period and what are the characteristics of these pathological injury are unknown. The current studies have demonstrated that heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1) exerts effects on brain injury mainly by catalyzing hemoglobin to produce degradation products, and HO-1 not only has neuroprotective effects, but also has neurotoxic effects during the FC-caused brain injury. Study on the effect of zinc protoporphyrin (ZnPP) on brain injury is still in the stage of animal experiment. OBJECTIVE: To observe the effects of ZnPP on carbon monoxide (CO)/HO-1 system of rats subjected to FC, and to analyze the action pathway of ZnPP in brain protective effect. DESIGN: A randomized controlled animal experiment. SETTING: Department of Pediatrics, First Hospital Affiliated to Jiamusi University. MATERIALS: Sixty-five Wistar rats, of either gender, were involved in this study. They were randomized into normal control group( n =14, 37 ℃ water bath) and febrile treatment group (n =51, 44.5 ℃ hot water bath). Febrile treatment group was sub-divided into febrile non-convulsion group (FNC group, n =16) and FC group (n =35). FC group was further sub-divided into simple convulsion group (n =20) and ZnPP treatment group (n =15). HO-1 mRNA in situ hybridization kit was provided by Boster Bioengineering Co.,Ltd. ZnPP(dark brown powder) was the product of Jingmei Bioengineering Company. METHODS: This study was carried out in the postgraduate laboratory of Jiamusi University between January 2004 and January 2007. Rats in the febrile treatment group were placed in the 44.5 ℃ hot water bath box. If rats did not convulse in the water within 5 minutes, they were taken out, namely FNC group (n = 16), and those, which were convulsed within 5 minutes, were taken out immediately when they presented such a phenomenon, namely FC group (n =35). Convulsion induction was conducted once every other day, totally 10 times. Rats were euthanized for analysis at 24 hours after the last induction. Rats in the control group were placed in the 37 ℃ water. Rats in the ZnPP treatment group were intraperitoneally injected with ZnPP at 45 μmol/kg before FC attack. Rats in the simple convulsion group were only induced to be convulsed but not administrated. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: CO level in the brain tissue homogenate and plasma of rats in each group was detected with a spectrophotometer. HO-1 mRNA expression in the hippocampal CA1 region, CA3 region and dentate gyrus of rats was observed by in situ hybridization technique. RESULTS: Sixty-five Wistar rats were involved in the study. Two rats died respectively due to drowning and convulsion in the FC group. One rat died due to convulsion drowning in the ZnPP treatment group. ① Plasma CO concentration of control group and ZnPP treatment group was significantly lower than that of the FC group (P < 0.01), and was significantly higher in the ZnPP treatment group than in the FNC group (P < 0.05). ② CO level in the brain tissue homogenate was significantly lower in the control group and ZnPP treatment group than in the FC group (P < 0.01), and was very significantly higher in the ZnPP treatment group than in the control group (P < 0.01). ③ HO-1 mRNA expressions in the neuron of hippocampal CA1 region, CA3 region and dentate gyrus of the control group were the lowerest, and those in the FC group were the highest. HO-1 mRNA expression in the neuron of dentate gyrus in the FC group was significantly higher than that in the ZnPP treatment group (P < 0.01), and those in the FNC group and control group was significantly lower than that in the ZnPP treatment group (P < 0.01). CONCLUSION: FC can cause brain injury. Over-expression of HO-1 mRNA and the increase of CO are involved in the patho-physiological process of FC. ZnPP can inhibit HO-1mRNA activity and decrease CO level, which is one of pathways for protecting brain.     

Therapeutic effectiveness of a single exercise session combined with Walk Aide functional electrical stimulation in post-stroke patients:a crossover design study

A growing body of evidence has suggested that the imbalance of epigenetic markers and oxidative stress appears to be involved in the pathophysiology and progression of stroke. Thus, strategies that modulate these biomarkers might be considered targets for neuroprotection and novel therapeutic opportunities for these patients. Physical exercise has been reported to induce changes in these epigenetic markers and improve clinical outcomes in different populations. However, little is reported on this in post-stroke patients. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of a single exercise session with Walk Aide functional electrical stimulation(FES) on cognitive performance, clinical functional parameters, oxidative stress and epigenetic modulation in post-stroke individuals. In this crossover design study, 12 post-stroke individuals aged 54–72 years of either sexes were included and subjected to a single session of exercise(45 minutes) without Walk Aide functional electrical stimulation(EXE alone group), followed by another single session of exercise(45 minutes) with Walk Aide functional electrical stimulation(EXE + FES group). The clinical functional outcome measures, cognitive performance and blood collections for biomarker measurements were assessed pre-and post-intervention. After intervention, higher Berg Balance Scale scores were obtained in the EXE + FES group than in the EXE alone group. There was no significant difference in the Timed Up and Go test results post-intervention between EXE alone and EXE + FES groups. After intervention, a better cognitive performance was found in both groups compared with before the intervention. After intervention, the Timed Up and Go test scores were higher in the EXE + FES group than in the EXE alone group. In addition, the intervention induced lower levels of lipid peroxidation. After intervention, carbonyl level was lower, superoxide dismutase activity and superoxide dismutase/catalase activity ratio were higher in the EXE + FES group, compared with the EXE group alone. In each group, both histone deacetylase(HDAC2) and histone acetyltransferase activities were increased after intervention compared with before the intervention. These findings suggest that a single exercise session with Walk Aide FES is more effective on balance ability and cognitive performance compared with conventional exercise alone in post-stroke patients. This is likely to be related to the regulation of oxidative stress markers. The present study was approved by the Research Ethics Committee of the Methodist University Center-IPA(approval No. 2.423.376) on December 7, 2017 and registered in the Brazilian Registry of Clinical Trials—Re BEC(RBR-9 phj2 q) on February 11, 2019.     

精神分裂症阳性症状与脑质子波谱及事件相关电位的相关性

目的:探讨阳性症状为主型精神分裂症患者前额叶和丘脑氢质子磁共振波谱(1H-MRS)与事件相关电位的相关性。方法:78例7d内未使用抗精神病药及影响脑内乙酰胆碱神经递质药阳性症状为主型精神分裂症患者(研究组)及56名正常对照(对照组)。研究组在入组24h内采用多体素1H-MRS检测前额叶和丘脑生化代谢物N-乙酰基天门冬氨酸(NAA)、胆碱复合物(Cho)与肌酸复合物(Cr),计算NAA/Cr和Cho/Cr值;同时检测事件相关电位P300(P300)和听觉诱发电位(AEP),并与对照组进行比较。结果:研究组NAA/Cr值左侧前额叶、左侧丘脑均低于对照组,差异有统计学意义[(1.40±0.35)vs(1.60±0.39),t=3.11,P<0.01;(1.48±0.33)vs(1.64±0.36),t=2.50,P<0.05]。研究组P300靶刺激P3(Cz、FPz)、非靶刺激NP3(Cz、FPz)与AEPP2(FPz)的潜伏期均高于对照组,靶刺激P3(Cz、FPz)、非靶刺激NP3(Cz、FPz)及AEPN1-P2(Cz、FPz)波幅均低于对照组,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05或P<0.01)。研究组左侧前额叶NAA/Cr值与Cz点的P3潜伏期呈负相关(r=-0.32,P<0.05),与P3、N1-P2波幅呈正相关(r=0.32、0.34,P均<0.05);与FPz点P3、NP3、P2潜伏期呈负相关(r=-0.37、-0.40、-0.41,P均<0.01),与P3、NP3、N1-P2波幅呈正相关(r=0.33、0.33、0.35,P均<0.05)。结论:阳性症状为主型精神分裂症患者左侧前额叶NAA代谢失衡与认知功能损害有关,低水平的NAA浓度可能是认知功能损害的发病机制之一。     

待退伍军人心理健康状况调查

目的：研究待退伍军人的心理健康状况，为部队政治、卫生工作提供依据。方法：对某部退伍前610名老兵进行SCL-90及EPQ测试，将结果与中国正常人常模及中国军人常模进行比较。结果：老兵组的SCL-90总分≥160分51人（8.5％），因子分≥3的因子有躯体化（1.3％）、人际关系敏感（1.2％）、焦虑（1.3％）；SCL-90总分、因子分、阳性项目数均低于中国军人常模，差异非常显著；除躯体化、精神病性两因子外，SCL-90总分、因子分、阳性项目数和其余7个因子均低于中国正常人常模，有非常显著的差异。结论：待退伍军人的心理健康状况优于现役军人和中国正常人常模。心理问题的发生与老兵的个性特征及社会支持有关。     

Effectiveness of a meditation-based stress management program as an adjunct to pharmacotherapy in patients with anxiety disorder

OBJECTIVE: The objective of this study was to examine the effectiveness of a meditation-based stress management program in patients with anxiety disorder. METHODS: Patients with anxiety disorder were randomly assigned to an 8-week clinical trial of either a meditation-based stress management program or an anxiety disorder education program. The Hamilton Anxiety Rating Scale (HAM-A), the Hamilton Depression Rating Scale (HAM-D), the State-Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI), the Beck Depression Inventory, and the Symptom Checklist--90-Revised (SCL-90-R) were used to measure outcome at 0, 2, 4, and 8 weeks of the program. RESULTS: Compared to the education group, the meditation-based stress management group showed significant improvement in scores on all anxiety scales (HAM-A, P=.00; STAI state, P=.00; STAI trait, P=.00; anxiety subscale of SCL-90-R, P=.00) and in the SCL-90-R hostility subscale (P=.01). Findings on depression measures were inconsistent, with no significant improvement shown by subjects in the meditation-based stress management group compared to those in the education group. The meditation-based stress management group did not show significant improvement in somatization, obsessive-compulsive symptoms, and interpersonal sensitivity scores, or in the SCL-90-R phobic anxiety subscale compared to the education group. CONCLUSIONS: A meditation-based stress management program can be effective in relieving anxiety symptoms in patients with anxiety disorder. However, well-designed, randomized, and controlled trials are needed to scientifically prove the worth of this intervention prior to treatment.     

地震后被转移伤员创伤后应激障碍及心理状况分析

目的 调查地震后被转移伤员创伤后应激障碍(PTSD)的发生及其心理健康状况.方法 采用PTSD症状自评和诊断工具及症状自评量表(SCL-90),在地震后40 d对354例被转移伤员的PTSD的发生和心理健康状况进行评估.结果 (1)地震后40 d,有82例(23.2%)伤员发生PTSD,女性55例(55/200,27.5%),男性27例(27/154,17.5%),女性发生率高于男性,差异有统计学意义(P＜0.05);在不符合PTSD诊断的伤员中,199例(199/249,79.9%)存在再体验症状,164例(164/249,65.9%)存在麻木或回避症状,208例(208/249,83.5%)存在过度唤起症状.(2)PTSD患者的SCL-90总分(209.00±68.78)分、强迫症状因子(2.38±0.61)分、人际关系敏感因子(2.18±0.87)分、抑郁因子(2.50±0.86)分、焦虑因子(2.42±0.90)分、敌对因子(2.47±0.87)分,高于非PTSD患者[(153.08±5.63)分、(1.71±0.64)分、(1.50±0.60)分、(1.71±0.69)分、(1.70±0.76)分、(1.66±0.73)分;P＜0.05,P＜0.01].(3)地震后被转移伤员的SCL-90总分、躯体化、强迫症状、抑郁、焦虑、敌对、恐怖、偏执、精神病性和其他因子得分高于全国常模组(P＜0.05,P＜0.01).结论 地震后部分被转移伤员出现PTSD,相当多的伤员遭受了不同程度的心理影响,应予以长期关注.

Abstract：

Objective To investigate the incidence of post traumatic stress disorder ( PTSD ) and mental status in the transferred wounded after Wenchuan earthquake. Methods At the 40th day after earthquake, 354 wounded were evaluated by the PTSD Symptoms Self Rating Scale, and Symptom Checklist 90 ( SCL-90 ). The diagnosis of PTSD was made according to DSM-Ⅳ criteria. Results After 40 days, 82( 23.2% )suffered PTSD in these wounded, including 55 females( 55/200,27.5% ) and 27 males( 27/154,17. 5% ), the rate in women was significantly higher than that in men. In those non-PTSD wounded, 199patients 199/249,79.9% ) had re-experienced symptoms, 164 patients( 164/249,65.9% ) had numbness/escaping symptoms, 208 patients( 208/249,83.5% ) had excessive arousing symptoms. The SCL-90 total score( 209.00 ±68.78 ), obsession( 2. 38 ± 0. 61 ), human relation sensitivity( 2. 18 ± 0. 87 ), depression ( 2. 50 ±0. 86 ), anxiety( 2.42 ± 0. 90 ) and hostility factor( 2.47 ± 0. 87 ) score of the PTSD were higher than those of the non-PTSD[( 153.08 ± 5.63 ),( 1.71 ± 0. 64 ),( 1. 50 ± 0. 60 ),( 1.71 ± 0. 69 ),( 1.70 ±0. 76 ),( 1.66 ±0. 73 );P ＜0. 05 -0. 01] . The SCL-90 total score and somatization, obsession, depression,anxiety, hostility, phobia, crankiness, psychosis and the other factor score of the wounded were higher than those of the national norm group( P ＜ 0. 05 - 0. 01 ). Conclusion Considerable number of the transferred wounded existed PTSD symptoms in experienced earthquake disaster, they need to be intervened for a long period.     

老年抑郁症和阿尔茨海默症的听觉P300比较研究

目的比较老年抑郁症(SD)患者和阿尔茨海默症(AD)患者的听觉P300的特点。方法对36例SD患者、32例AD患者以及40名健康老人对照(NC组)进行P300检测。结果 SD组、AD组和NC组在靶潜伏期Cz脑区N2以及在靶波幅Cz脑区P3和非靶波幅Cz脑区P2上均有显著统计学差异(P<0.01)。AD主成份N2表现为延迟,与NC组和SD组有极显著统计学差异(P<0.01)。SD组和AD组靶波幅P3和非靶波幅P2均见降低,与NC组比较也有显著统计学差异(P<0.05或P<0.01)。结论作为反映SD和AD患者认知功能障碍的客观生理指标,P300有可能作为SD和AD辅助诊断的一个脑电波标志。     

未治疗的未破裂颅内动脉瘤患者的精神心理调查分析

目的 调查并评价未经治疗的未破裂颅内动脉瘤(UIA)患者的精神心理问题.方法 选择上海同济大学附属同济医院神经外科自2008年1月至2011年1月就诊的70例未经治疗的UIA患者和48例健康体检者(对照组)进行调查问卷,应用症状自评量表(SCL-90)、抑郁自评量表(SDS)及焦虑自评量表(SAS)评价未经治疗的UIA患者的精神心理状况.结果 与对照组比较,未经治疗的UIA患者组SCL-90中躯体化、抑郁、焦虑、恐怖四项因子分及总分均较高,未经治疗的UIA组患者更易抑郁、焦虑,差异均有统计学意义(P＜0.05)；内向性格抑郁发生率高于外向和中性性格,外向性格患者焦虑发生率低于中性及内向性格,大学文化程度患者抑郁、焦虑发生率低于高中及初中文化程度患者,差异均有统计学意义(P＜0.05)；多因素Logistic回归分析显示性格、文化程度是影响未经治疗UIA患者抑郁、焦虑的独立危险因素.结论 未治疗的颅内动脉瘤患者容易出现抑郁或焦虑,文化程度低、内向型的患者表现更明显.     

肾移植前后维持性血液透析患者情绪对饮水控制依从性的影响

背景： 维持性血液透析患者普遍存在着饮水控制依从困难的问题,影响病情的转归,心理问题对饮水控制依从性有着重大的影响。 目的：分析合理情绪疗法对维持性血液透析患者饮水控制依从性的影响。 方法：将维持性血液透析患者100例随机分为干预组和对照组,每组50例。对照组接受常规的血液透析治疗;干预组在此基础上,接受为期3个月的合理情绪治疗。干预前和干预后分别用医学应对问卷和症状自评量表对两组患者进行评定;分别在干预前和干预结束时连续3次测定与饮水控制依从性相关的临床指标,求每项指标的平均值。 结果与结论：共92例患者(干预组48例,对照组44例) 完成研究。干预后,干预组患者在医学应对问卷的面对和回避两大分量表 得分显著高于对照组,屈服分量表的得分、症状自评量表问卷的总均分及躯体化、强迫、人际关系敏感、抑郁、焦虑、敌对、恐怖和附加因子的得分、4项与饮水控制依从性相关的临床指标(透析间期体质量的平均增加量与干体质量的比值、透析前的平均收缩压、透析前的平均舒张压、平均超滤量)均显著低于对照组(P < 0.05)。提示合理情绪疗法能增强患者的应对能力,改善其心理健康水平,提高其饮水控制依从性。 关键词：肾移植;维持性血液透析;合理情绪疗法;应对;心理健康;饮水控制依从性;随机对照研究     

老年期痴呆患者亲属的心理健康状况

目的探讨老年期痴呆患者亲属的心理健康状况。方法应用症状自评量表(SCL-90)、社会支持评定量表(SSRS)、防御方式问卷(DSQ)评定了71例老年期痴呆患者亲属(研究组)并与80例健康人(对照组)进行比较。结果老年期痴呆亲属SCL-90总分(t=6.970,P<0.001)、躯体化(t=2.876,P=0.005)、抑郁(t=2.696,P=0.008)及焦虑(t=2.736,P=0.007)因子分高于对照组。防御方式以不成熟(t=7.394,P<0.001)及中间型防御方式(t=3.143,P=0.002)为主。多元逐步回归分析显示不成熟防御因子分、躯体疾病、对支持的利用度对SCL-90总分影响大。结论老年期痴呆患者亲属存在心理健康问题且与其不成熟防御方式、对支持的利用度低及患者躯体疾病有关。     

社交焦虑障碍患者父母的人格特征和心理健康状况调查

目的探索社交焦虑障碍(SAD)患者父母的人格特征和心理健康状况。方法设研究组(SAD患者的父母)和对照组。入组时按要求进行艾森克人格问卷(EPQ)和症状自评量表(SCL-90)评定。结果SAD患者的父母在EPQ量表测验中的内外向因子标准分低于对照组;SAD患者的父母SCL-90各项因子除强迫和敌对因子,标准分低于对照组。结论SAD患者的父母的人格特征倾向内向,易安静、内省、离群、不喜欢接触人;SAD患者的父母更容易表现出躯体化症状、人际交往的困惑、抑郁、焦虑、恐怖和偏执。     

Predominance of anger in depressive disorders compared with anxiety disorders and somatoform disorders

OBJECTIVE: The object of this study was to make a comparison regarding various dimensions of anger between depressive disorder and anxiety disorder or somatoform disorder. METHOD: The subjects included 73 patients with depressive disorders, 67 patients with anxiety disorders, 47 patients with somatoform disorders, and 215 healthy controls (diagnoses made according to DSM-IV criteria). Anger measures--the Anger Expression Scale, the hostility subscale of the Symptom Checklist-90-Revised (SCL-90-R), and the anger and aggression subscales of the Stress Response Inventory--were used to assess the anger levels. The severity of depression, anxiety, phobia, and somatization was assessed using the SCL-90-R. RESULTS: The depressive disorder group showed significantly higher levels of anger on the Stress Response Inventory than the anxiety disorder, somatoform disorder, and control groups (p < .05). The depressive disorder group scored significantly higher on the anger-out and anger-total subscales of the Anger Expression Scale than the somatoform disorder group (p < .05). On the SCL-90-R hostility subscale, the depressive disorder group also scored significantly higher than the anxiety disorder group (p < .05). Within the depressive disorder group, the severity of depression was significantly positively correlated with the anger-out score (r = 0.49, p < .001), whereas, in the somatoform and anxiety disorder groups, the severity of depression was significantly positively correlated with the anger-in score (somatoform disorder: r = 0.51, p < .001; anxiety disorder: r = 0.57, p < .001). CONCLUSION: These results suggest that depressive disorder patients are more likely to have anger than anxiety disorder or somatoform disorder patients and that depressive disorder may be more relevant to anger expression than somatoform disorder.