鹰视FS200飞秒激光在屈光手术中的应用

目的：比较飞秒激光和角膜板层刀在屈光手术中的优越性。方法按照卫生部颁发的“准分子激光行业标准”筛选患者的标准,选取2013年6月至2014年1月在大庆眼科医院行LASIK术患者800例（1600只眼）,根据角膜瓣制作方法不同分为两组,鹰视FS200飞秒激光和角膜板层刀组．每组各400例（800眼）。术前所有患者均进行常规检查相关资料完整。术后6个月,应用眼前节光学相干断层扫描仪（ OCT ）分别测量角膜上中央点、0度、45度、90度和135度四条经线所在截面特定5个点的角膜瓣厚度,对每个角膜瓣上20个测量点的瓣厚度进行比较分析,采用独立样本t检验、单因素方差分析对相关数据进行统计学处理,分析角膜瓣的重现性、规整性和精确性。结果飞秒激光制作角膜瓣组中央厚度均值为（104．7±6．9）μm ,微型角膜刀组均值为（137．8±19．7）μm。角膜瓣厚度空间特征：飞秒激光组离心度不同位置的角膜瓣厚度均匀一致,呈平板状。角膜板层刀制作角膜瓣组角膜瓣厚度中央薄而周边厚的形态,其角膜瓣中央部厚度差异小,而旁中央和周边部厚度差异较大,差异有统计学意义（P＜0．05）。右眼角膜瓣厚度差值均值（19．47±0．58）μm,高于左眼（16．29±0．74）μm;入刀侧角膜瓣厚度差值均值（22．45±0．57）μm,高于出刀侧差值均值（14．67±0．84）μm,差异均有统计学意义（ P＜0．05）。飞秒激光组和角膜板层刀组制瓣差异有统计学意义（ P＜0．05）。结论飞秒激光制作角膜瓣生物力学特性稳定,重现性好,精确性高,角膜瓣形态均一、规整,以及较好的术后视觉质量。     

飞秒激光制瓣与准分子激光磨镶术治疗角膜相对较薄的高度近视的疗效比较

目的比较飞秒激光制瓣前弹力层下角膜磨镶术（Sub—Bowman＇s keratomileusis,SBK）与准分子激光上皮下角膜磨镶术（1aser subepithelial keratomileusis,LASEK）治疗角膜相对较薄的高度近视的临床疗效。方法随机选择中央角膜厚度480～520μm且近视等值球镜度（sperical equivalent,SE）（-6．00～-10．00）D的患者90例。分为：A组,飞秒激光制瓣SBK组患者59例118只眼,SE平均（-7．20±0．80）D。B组,LASEK组患者31例62只眼,SE平均（-7．31±0．96）D。观察两组术后眼部刺激症状及角膜恢复情况,术后裸眼视力（uncorrectedvisualacuity,UCVA）、最佳矫正视力（bestcorrectedvisualacuity,BCVA）、SE及并发症发生情况。结果A组术后反应轻,角膜恢复快于B组。术后1周A组裸眼视力（1．06±0．11）优于B组（0．73±0．20）。但术后1、3、6和12个月两组裸眼视力差异无显著意义。两组术后BCVA与术前比较无明显变化。A组无角膜上皮下雾状混浊（haze）,B组有少量haze出现。在术后各期SE在±0．50～±1．00D的眼数A组均大于B组,术后6个月以后两组均有不同程度的屈光回退,B组明显高于A组。结论飞秒激光制瓣SBK与LASEK是治疗角膜相对较薄高度近视安全有效的方法。飞秒激光制瓣SBK术后视力恢复快,且预测性和稳定性优于LASEK。     

前外侧肌间隙入路术式微创全髋关节置换术对老年患者早期炎症反应影响

目的探讨前外侧肌间隙入路式微创全髋关节置换术对老年患者早期炎症反应的影响。方法选取2015年9月至2016年11月巴中市中心医院收治的需要进行微创全髋关节置换术的患者90例为研究对象。按照随机数字表法分将患者为A组和B组,每组各45例。A组患者实行前外侧肌间隙入路式微创全髋关节置换术治疗,B组患者进行传统手术治疗。比较两组患者治疗后切口长度、术中出血量、手术时间、引流量、置换后Harris评分、患者满意度及炎症因子变化等情况。结果治疗后,A组患者的术中出血量、引流量、手术时间、术中切口大小均明显低于B组,组间比较,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。治疗后,两组患者炎症因子IL-1、IL-6及TNF-α水平均有所下降,A组下降程度高于B组,组间比较,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);A组患者的Harris评分高于B组,组间比较,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);A组患者的满意率为84.5%,明显高于B组的46.7%,组间比较,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论前外侧肌间隙入路式微创全髋关节置换术对老年患者的创伤较小,具有降低炎症因子的作用。     

Assessment of therapeutic effect in patients with secondary hyperparathyroidism using bone scintigraphy

OBJECTIVE: The semi-quantitative method of bone scintigraphy [bone to soft tissue (B/ST) ratio] has been used in diagnosing and evaluating systemic metabolic bone diseases. The aim of this study is to evaluate of the therapeutic effect of secondary hyperparathyroidism (SHP). METHODS: The subjects were ten hemodialysis patients with SHP. Seven patients underwent parathyroidectomy (PTX), and 22-Oxacalcitoriol (derivative of 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3) (OCT) was given to three patients. Bone scintigraphy and blood tests [intact parathyroid hormone (PTH), alkaline phosphatase (ALP), calcium (Ca), phosphorus (P), bone alkaline phosphatase (BALP), and deoxypridinoline (DPYD)] were performed before and after treatment. Regions of interest were drown around cranium, lumbar vertebrae, femoral neck and soft tissue of left medial thigh to calculate the B/ST ratio. RESULT: The B/ST ratios of cranium, lumbar vertebrae, and femoral neck were reduced significantly after PTX (cranium, p = 0.0079, lumbar vertebrae, p = 0.0282, femoral neck, p = 0.0252). Intact PTH, ALP, Ca, P, BALP and DPYD levels were reduced significantly after PTX (intact PTH, p = 0.003, Ca, p = 0.0005, P, p = 0.0393, ALP, p = 0.0051, DPYD, p = 0.0232, BALP, p = 0.0324). After OCT administration, the B/ST ratio of each bony region showed tendency to diminish, although not significantly. Intact PTH levels were reduced significantly, although ALP, BALP, and DPYD levels were not. Ca and P levels were increased significantly because of the medicinal action of OCT. CONCLUSION: The B/ST ratio of cranium may be non-invasive method and have potential in evaluating the therapeutic effect of SHP.     

飞秒透镜切除术治疗近视和近视散光的临床研究

目的评价飞秒激光透镜切除术（femtosecond lenticule extraction,FLEx）治疗近视和近视散光的临床效果。方法采用前瞻性病例对照研究,行角膜屈光手术的近视及近视散光患者30例（60只眼）,按照非随机自愿原则分为两组：FS-LASIK组患者30只眼,采用飞秒手术系统制作角膜板层瓣联合准分子激光仪进行屈光治疗。FLEx组患者30只眼,采用飞秒手术系统制作角膜板层瓣并同时完成角膜基质透镜切除术。两组患者术前测量中央角膜厚度≥500μm,计划治疗后剩余角膜基质床厚度≥300μm。术后跟踪随访6个月。记录术后1周,1、3和6个月时的裸眼视力、最佳矫正视力、客观验光值、眼的高阶像差值、对比敏感度值。结果两组患者的平均年龄及术前屈光度差异均无显著意义（P〉0.05）。全部患者手术进行顺利,术中和术后均无危害视力的并发症发生。术后6个月时,FLEx组30只眼,96.7%的欲矫正屈光度与实际矫正的屈光度值相差在±0.75 D以内,93.3%的裸眼logMAR视力在4.9及4.9以上（平均4.99±0.13）,80.0%的最佳矫正视力未变,13.3%的最佳矫正视力提高一行,3.3%的最佳矫正视力提高两行,3.3%的BSCVA下降一行。FS-LASIK组30只眼,90.0%的欲矫正屈光度与实际矫正的屈光度值相差在±0.75 D以内,86.7%的裸眼logMAR视力在4.9及4.9以上（平均4.98±0.12）,83.3%的最佳矫正视力未变,6.7%的最佳矫正视力提高一行,6.7%的最佳矫正视力提高两行,3.3%的最佳矫正视力下降一行。两组中均未出现最佳矫正视力下降两行及两行以上的情况。观察两组患者术后半年内屈光度的变化：FLEx组的平均屈光度术后1周时为（＋0.25±0.79）D,术后半年时为（-0.05±0.56）D,半年内平均屈光度数变化0.30 D。FS-LASIK组的平均屈光度术后1周时为（＋0.72±0.92）D,术后6个月时为（-0.15±0.65）D,半年内平均屈光度数变化0.87 D,向近视方向漂移,表明FLEx组术后屈光度比FS-LASIK组更稳定。在6 mm瞳孔直径下检查术后眼的高阶像差值,无论是总高阶像差值还是球差值,FLEx组均明显小于FS-LASIK组（P〈0.01）。在暗光5 mm瞳孔直径状态下,FLEx组术后6个月时各空间频率（1.5、3、6、12、18 c/d）下的对比敏感度值均高于FS-LASIK组（P〈0.01）。结论 FLEx术治疗近视和近视散光安全、有效;在术后屈光度的稳定性、避免术后高阶像差增加、以及提高术后对比敏感度方面,FLEx术比FS-LASIK术更有优势。     

牛骨形态发生蛋白复合纤维蛋白促进骨质疏松性椎体骨折愈合的实验研究

目的探讨以纤维蛋白为牛骨形态发生蛋白(bBMP)载体促进大鼠骨质疏松性椎体骨折愈合的机制。方法选择雌性SPF级8月龄SD大鼠81只,随机选取54只经去除卵巢建立骨质疏松模型,27只行伪手术。3月后以腰5椎体手术开窗刮除术区内松质骨的方法建立骨折模型,去除卵巢建立的骨质疏松模型随机分为两组:A组为骨质疏松椎体骨折bBMP治疗组,B组为骨质疏松椎体骨折空白组。每组各27只,C组为伪手术组。于术后1,2,4,6,8,12周观察影像学、组织学与力学性能。结果(1)影像学观察:术后两组X线片示腰5椎体有一骨折缺损透光区。A,C组在术后6周时透光区与周围骨质无明显差别,而B组仍清晰可见,于8周时无明显差别。(2)组织学观察:三组软骨细胞在骨质愈合1周时出现,形成软骨岛,但B组软骨细胞每高倍镜下数量明显少于A,C组,另外,软骨细胞改建成成熟骨细胞,骨小梁形成数量,胶原纤维排列较A,C组有明显差异。(3)力学性能测定:在骨质愈合6~12周,腰5椎体的最大载荷、弹性模量、最大应力明显高于同期B组,差异显著(P<0.05),而A,C组之间无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论bBMP复合纤维蛋白明显促进骨质疏松性椎体骨折愈合,证明在骨质疏松性松质骨骨折修复过程中bBMP以纤维蛋白为载体作用显著,骨折愈合质量明显增高。     

不同时机实施分娩镇痛对产程及分娩方式的影响

目的探讨在不同时机实施硬膜外分娩镇痛对产程的长短及分娩方式的影响。方法将愿意接受硬膜外分娩镇痛的足月初产妇180例随机分为两组：潜伏期组（A组,宫口〈3 cm）和活跃期组（B组,宫口〉3 cm）。硬膜外穿刺成功后,两组首剂给予0.125%罗哌卡因和0.5μg/ml舒芬太尼混合液10～15 ml,30 min后连接镇痛泵,背景剂量2 ml/h,追加剂量2 ml,锁定时间15 min。连续监测呼吸循环情况,采用视觉模拟疼痛评分（VAS）,并观察记录产程进展及分娩方式、产后出血量、新生儿Apgar评分、缩宫素使用情况、副作用及产妇满意度。结果两组镇痛后VAS评分均降低,与B组相比,A组潜伏期VAS评分明显降低（P〈0.05）,器械助产率升高（P〈0.05）,镇痛满意度升高,下肢麻木发生率升高（P〈0.05）。两组产程、剖宫产率、催产素使用量、产后出血量、新生儿Apgar评分无统计学差异（P〉0.05）。结论分娩早期实施椎管内麻醉镇痛不影响产程和剖宫产率,可提高孕妇对分娩镇痛的满意度,但器械助产率有所增高。     

在中高度近视眼LASIK手术中应用飞秒激光和机械刀制瓣的对比研究

目的比较在中高度近视LASIK手术中应用飞秒激光和微型角膜刀制作角膜瓣的厚度,并对术后视力及屈光度进行对比。方法中高度近视患者82例164眼,根据制作角膜瓣方法分为A、B两组,各41例82眼,A组由飞秒激光(Intralase FS 60KHz)制作角膜瓣,B组由Moria M2 90号微型角膜刀制瓣。所有病例均在Wavescan波前引导下采用VixsS4IR准分子激光机进行切削。采用美国DGH-550A超测量术前角膜厚度及术中角膜基质床厚度,计算角膜瓣厚度后加以比较,并比较术后1天、1周1、月及3个月的视力和屈光度。结果 A组平均角膜瓣厚度为(109.56±12.89)um,B组平均角膜瓣厚度为(148.83±13.28)um,两组比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。术后各阶段裸眼视力超过术前最佳矫正视力1行以上的比例A组均高于B组,在术后1天、1个月及3个月时两组比较差异有统计学意义。术后各阶段平均等效球镜度的恢复两组比较差异均无统计学意义。结论中高度近视眼LASIK手术中采用飞秒激光制作角膜瓣可以获得更薄的角膜瓣,并在术后大多阶段可获得更好的视力。术后视力恢复的速度以及术后屈光度恢复的程度与机械刀制作角膜瓣相似。     

Comparison of Efficacy and Visual Outcomes after SMILE and FS-LSIK for the correction of high myopia

Objective:Compare efficacy and visual outcomes after femtosecond laser small incision lenticule extraction(SMILE)and femtosecond laser-assisted laser in situ keratomileusis(FSLASIK)in correcting high myopia.Methods:This prospective,randomized study included patients who underwent SMILE or FS-LASIK for the correction of high myopia[the sum of spherical and cylindrical error from-10.00 to-14.00 diopters(D)].Pre-operative,1 month(P1m),3 months(P3m)and 6 months(P6m)post-operative outcomes were analyzed and compared between the two procedures.Results:93 right eyes of 93 patients(SMILE:n=51,FSLASIK:n=42)were included.Both the(Attempted-achieved)sphere and the(attempted-achieved)SEQ were greater in the FS-LASIK group at all three post-operative time-points(P0.001).The post-operative vector means of astigmatism were smaller in the SMILE group than in the FS-LASIK.The differences between the optical zone of tissue removal(ROZ)during surgery and the post-operative functional optical zone(FOZ;ROZ-FOZ)were smaller in the SMILE group than in the FSLASIK group.No significant difference was found between the two procedures in the delta-root mean square(RMS)of aberrations,except for delta-spherical aberration(SA)at P3m.Conclusions:Both SMILE and FS-LASIK are effective in correcting high myopia.SMILE resulted in less under-correction,less regression,a smaller decrease in the FOZ and a smaller increase in SA when compared to FS-LASIK,which illustrated the better visual outcomes following SMILE.     

Long-term Outcomes of PTK for Children with Juvenile Rheumatoid Arthritis Associated Band Keratopathy

Objective:To assess safety and efficiency of long-term outcomes of PTK for children with juvenile rheumatoid arthritis(JRA)band keratopathy.Methods:Six eyes of 5 children(aged 4 to 11 years),diagnosed with JRA associated band keratopathy were enrolled.Preoperative routine examinations included topography,refraction and OCT.PTK operations were performed by the same surgeon.Data were statistically analyzed by SPSS.P0.05 was considered statistically significant.Results:All patients underwent PTK surgery without any complications;no infections or delayed healing.Follow-up is for 15-72 months(with an average length of 28.5 months).UDVA increased in all 6 eyes.In 5 eyes,CDVA improved with at least 2 lines.OCT scan displayed the ablation zone clear and smooth in 6 eyes.No recurrence was observed.Conclusion:PTK for band keratopathy in JRA children is safe and effective.Customized ablation,assisted by corneal OCT maybe recommended in further studies.     

后路小切口人工全髋关节置换术

目的 观察后路小切口人工全髋关节置换术（total hip arthroplasty，THA）的临床效果。方法 将70例患者按年龄、性别、体重指数、病种、髋关节功能配对分为两组进行前瞻性研究。35例小切口组，术前Harris评分52．21（24～76），35例标准后路手术组（简称标准组），术前Harris评分51．6（33～68）。分析手术时间、术中出血＋术后12h引流量、并发症、切口长度、疼痛评分、Harris评分等。结果 平均随访11.5个月（6～14个月）。两组手术时间相近。小切口组平均切口长9．0cm（7．0～12cm），标准组16cm（12—20cm），两组差异有统计学意义（P〈0．01）；小切口组平均出血500ml（270～700m1），29％（10／35）需输血，输血量约400ml，而标准组平均出血约950ml（600～1200m1），100％需输血，平均输血650ml，小切口组明显比标准组具有优势（P〈0．05）；小切口组疼痛评分平均为4．8分，标准组为6．8分（P〈0.01）。术后6个月，小切口组Harris评分94．0（84～100），标准组Harris评分90．5（82～94）。结论 后路小切口微创技术具有创伤小、出血少、疼痛小、恢复快的特点，可获得与常规后路手术相同的冶疗效果。     

前房穿刺联合Nd∶YAG激光周边虹膜切除治疗急性闭角型青光眼的治疗时机

目的观察前房穿刺联合Nd∶YAG激光周边虹膜切除治疗急性闭角型青光眼不同治疗时机的临床效果。方法回顾性分析急性闭角型青光眼首次急性发作患者64例64只眼,按急性发作后不同就诊时间分为三组:A组患者20例20只眼,就诊时间在24 h以内;B组患者23例23只眼,就诊时间24~72 h;C组患者21例21只眼,就诊时间72~120 h。在保守治疗眼压控制不佳的情况下行前房穿刺联合Nd∶YAG激光周边虹膜切除治疗,观察患者眼压、前房角开放及视力情况。随访时间6~18个月。结果治疗后A组17例(85.0%)、B组12例(52.2%)、C组4例(19.05%)在未用药或局部滴用1~2种降眼压药物后眼压可控制至目标眼压。治疗后有效率:A组优于B组(P0.05);B组优于C组(P0.01)。其余31例31只眼接受了滤过手术。治疗后三组患者前房角开放180°者分别为:A组18例(90.0%)、B组13例(56.5%)、C组4例(19.1%);A组优于B组(P0.05),B组优于C组(P0.01)。三组患者术后眼压可控制,术后2 d最佳矫正视力分别为:A组优于B组(P0.05),B组优于C组(P0.01)。结论急性闭角型青光眼急性发作早期(48 h)行前房穿刺联合Nd∶YAG激光周边虹膜切除可以有效控制眼压、开放房角,防止青光眼病变的继续发展,减少甚至避免行滤过性手术。     

股骨近端锁定钢板治疗股骨转子间骨折的生物力学研究

目的本研究旨在明确股骨近端锁定钢板治疗股骨转子间骨折的生物力学特性,为其在临床使用提供理论依据。方法选取15根防腐(10%的甲醛溶液浸泡)股骨标本并随机分配到A、B、C三组中,A组为股骨近端锁定钢板固定31A1.1骨折组,B组为股骨近端锁定钢板固定31A2.2骨折组,C组为正常无骨折股骨组;每组各5个标本,在力学测试机上测试轴向压缩、扭转、破坏实验。结果三组的轴向刚度、屈服载荷比较,A组高于B组,差异有统计学意义;C组高于A组,同时也显著高于B组,差异有统计学意义。三组的扭转刚度比较,C组仍好于A、B组,差异具有统计学意义。结论股骨近端锁定钢板在固定股骨转子间骨折时,其生物力学性能仍不如正常股骨,在固定稳定性股骨转子间骨折时,可以达到坚强内固定和早期活动所需要的生物力学要求,但在治疗不稳定股骨转子间骨折时,不宜作为首选。     

异种异体和同种异体半月板移植术后兔半月板和关节软骨中Ⅰ、Ⅱ、Ⅲ、Ⅹ型胶原表达和免疫排斥研究

目的 :研究同种异体半月板移植和异种异体半月板移植后 ,移植半月板和关节软骨中的Ⅰ、Ⅱ、Ⅲ、Ⅹ型胶原表达和免疫排斥反应发生的情况。方法 :切除 30只成年新西兰白兔的内侧半月板造成半月板缺失的动物模型。A组进行同种异体内侧半月板移植。B组取猪半月板组织修剪成同兔内侧半月板形态和尺寸相同的异种异体半月板植入物 ,进行兔内侧半月板的异种异体移植。分别在术后第 6周、12周、2 4周取实验动物的半月板、关节软骨进行Ⅰ、Ⅱ、Ⅲ、Ⅹ型胶原的单克隆抗体的免疫组织化学染色 ,并取外周血进行补体依赖性微量淋巴细胞毒实验 (CDMT) ,用放射免疫法检测血清中IL - 2和IL - 6的含量 ,了解是否发生免疫排斥反应。结果 :同种异体半月板移植后 ,关节软骨和移植半月板的情况良好 ,但术后第 2 4周 ,异种异体移植物部分被吸收 ,关节软骨出现损伤。两组中各时段移植半月板中的Ⅰ、Ⅱ和Ⅲ型胶原的表达情况无明显差异 ,术后第 12周 ,两组关节软骨中Ⅰ、Ⅱ和Ⅲ型胶原的表达情况相似 ,但术后第 2 4周 ,异种异体半月板组的关节软骨开始有异常Ⅹ型胶原表达。同种异体和异种异体半月板移植组均未发现致命的免疫排斥反应发生。结论 :用猪的半月板组织塑形后移植替代兔内侧半月板组织 ,半年后移植物被溶解吸收 ,同种异体?     

高压氧对鼠血细胞免疫功能的影响（论著）

目的：了解高压氧对免疫功能的影响。方法：高压氧作用后，摘眼球取血，对正常和荷瘤Ｂａｌｂ／Ｃ小鼠的ＲＢＣ－Ｃ３ｂ受体花环率，ＲＢＣ免疫复合物花环率及肿瘤细胞。淋巴细胞花环率进行了观察。结果：（１）高压氧处理组的ＲＢＣ－Ｃ３ｂ受体花环率明显高于对照组（Ｐ＝０．００７）；（２）肿瘤高压氧处理组的ＲＢＣ－Ｃ３６受体花环率明显高于单纯肿瘤接种组（Ｐ＝０．０２１）。（３）肿瘤高压氧处理组的肿瘤细胞－淋巴细胞花环率明显高于对照组（Ｐ＝０．００５）；（４）肿瘤高压氧处理组的肿瘤细胞：淋巴细胞花环率明显高于单纯高压氧处理组（Ｐ＝０．０３６）。（５）各组的ＲＢＣ－ＩＣ花环率无明显变化。结论：（１）压力为０．２ＭＰａ（２ＡＴＡ），氧浓度为８７％的高压氧不仅可以提高正常小鼠的免疫功能，而且可以提高荷瘤小鼠的免疫功能；（２）该条件的高压氧可使移植瘤引起的免疫功能低下程度得到减轻。     

尾部悬吊大鼠恢复期腰椎骨骨质和生物力学特性的变化

目的 观察模拟失重大鼠腰椎骨骨质和生物力学特性在恢复期的变化。方法 选用７周龄雄性Ｗｉｓｔａｒ大鼠,随机分为６组,１组尾吊２１ｄ;１组尾吊２１ｄ后解悬７ｄ;１组尾吊２１ｄ后解悬２１ｄ;其余３组为对照组。实验结束后测定第三腰椎骨（Ｌ３）的矿盐含量,骨钙素浓度及生物力学指标。结果 大鼠Ｌ３矿盐含量,载荷能力,应力水平,强度及硬度等在尾吊２１ｄ均有非常显著性意义的降低（Ｐ〈０．０１）,解悬７ｄ后未见明显     

外源性转化生长因子-β1抗体对周围神经慢性卡压后神经纤维化的缓解作用

目的 探讨外源性转化生长因子-β1(TGF-β1)抗体对周围神经慢性卡压后神经纤维化的缓解作用。 方法 将75只大鼠按抽签法随机分为假手术组(A组)、单纯卡压组(B组)和卡压+TGF-β1多克隆抗体注射组(C组),于术后2,4,6,8,10 周取神经行电镜、免疫组织化学、RT-PCR、Western-blot等检测,分别检测不同时段卡压神经组织形态学变化及Ⅰ型、Ⅲ型胶原蛋白含量。 结果 B组较A组TGF-β1、Ⅰ型、Ⅲ型胶原蛋白含量明显增多,Ⅰ型、Ⅲ型胶原蛋白于卡压损伤后6周达到高峰,后一段时间内处于平台期;C组神经形态学上胶原纤维组织明显减少,Ⅰ型、Ⅲ型胶原蛋白含量降低,与B组比较差异有统计学意义(P＜0.05)。 结论 周围神经慢性卡压后可致神经纤维化。TGF-β1抗体可有效抑制周围神经卡压后胶原合成,缓解慢性卡压后神经纤维化病变。     

Corticosteroid administration alters the mechanical properties of isolated collagen fascicles in rat-tail tendon

Overload tendon injuries are frequent in recreational and elite sports. The optimal treatment strategy remains unknown, but local administration of corticosteroids is one common treatment option. The direct effects of the corticosteroid administration on the tissue are not fully understood. The present study examined the biomechanical effects of intratendinous corticosteroid injections on healthy rat-tail tendon collagen fascicles. A total of 24 Wistar male rats were divided into (A) a corticosteroid group where the animals were injected in the tail tendon with methylprednisolone acetate, 1.0 mL of 40 mg/mL mixed with 1.0 mL 9% saline ( n =12), and (B) a control group that was injected with 9% saline ( n =12). Three days after the injections, the animals were sacrificed and single individual collagen fascicles were collected and underwent displacement to failure. Corticosteroid administration significantly reduced tensile fascicle yield strength by 16% and Young's modulus by 14% compared with sham treatment (10.5±0.8 vs 12.4±0.5 MPa, P ≤0.05, and 537±27 vs 641±30 MPa, P <0.05, respectively), while the strain properties were unaffected. Peak stress was similar between the two groups. There was no difference in fascicle diameter between the two groups.     

Radiofrequency versus microwave ablation in a hepatic porcine model

PURPOSE: To compare microwave (MW) and radiofrequency (RF) ablation in a hepatic porcine model. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Institutional animal research committee approval was obtained. Nineteen pigs were divided into groups based on time of sacrifice (group A, immediate; group B, 2 days; group C, 28 days; group D, 28 days). Groups A, B, and C each underwent a combination of RF and MW ablation. Group D underwent either four MW or four RF ablations. Ablation was performed with a prototype MW device (915 Mhz, 40 W, 10 minutes) and a commercial RF system (150 W, 10 minutes, 3-cm deployment). Computed tomography (CT) was performed in groups B and C at 2 days and in group C at 28 days. Group D underwent serial laboratory testing. Specimens were serially sectioned, and short-axis diameter and length of each were measured. The percentage deflection caused by local blood vessels (heat-sink effect) was also measured in group A. Likelihood ratio tests and unpaired t tests were used for statistical analyses as appropriate. RESULTS: MW ablation zones were longer at days 0, 2, and 28 (P < .05), but short-axis diameter was not different from that with RF ablation at any time point (P > .05). Local blood vessels caused 3.5% +/- 5.3 (standard deviation) deflection at MW ablation compared with 26.2% +/- 27.9 at RF ablation (P < .05). MW and RF ablation zones were indistinguishable at CT or pathologic evaluation. Laboratory test results were similar between RF ablation-only animals and MW ablation-only animals, with the exception of a slightly higher alkaline phosphatase levels at day 2 in RF ablation-only animals (P < .02). CONCLUSION: MW and RF ablation zones are similar in pathologic appearance and imaging characteristics. Increased length with MW ablation is likely caused by the length of the radiating segment of the antenna. MW ablation may be less affected by the heat-sink effect that is thought to contribute to local recurrence after RF ablation.     

左心房折叠手术对二尖瓣病变合并巨大左心房患者围术期NT-proBNP影响

目的评估左心房折叠手术对二尖瓣病变合并巨大左心房患者围术期NT-proBNP的影响。方法选取沈阳军区总医院2014年11月至2016年5月收治的70例行二尖瓣置换手术患者作为研究对象,将其随机分为A组(行左心房折叠手术)和B组(不行左心房折叠手术),每组35例患者。收集所有患者术前、术中、术后及随访的临床数据,并比较NT-proBNP的变化情况。结果 A组患者体外循环时间[(71.92±14.17)min比(65.08±10.11)min]及主动脉阻断时间[(44.28±12.15)min比(36.71±9.68)min]显著多余B组,但呼吸机辅助时间[(14.16±5.41)h比(17.20±6.97)h]和ICU停留时间[(29.47±10.84)h比(36.02±12.9)h]显著少于B组,两组间比较,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。术后,NT-proBNP显著增高,在术后1 d达到高峰,而后逐渐降低;A组患者术后7 d的NT-proBNP仍高于B组,直到术后6个月,NT-proBNP下降至显著低于术前水平。两组患者NT-proBNP在术前及术后1、3、7 d比较,差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05);但在术后6个月,A组NT-proBNP水平显著低于B组(P<0.05)。结论左心房折叠手术有益于二尖瓣置换术后恢复,减少术后呼吸机时间及ICU停留时间,并可以显著降低术后远期NT-proBNP水平。