重油催化裂化集总模型在指导裂化催化剂选用方面的研究

在已开发的重油催化裂化十集总动力学模型的基础上、通过实验和参数估计，分别确定了ＲＨＺ－２００，ＺＣＭ－７，ＣＲＣ－３三种裂化催化剂的十一集总动力学模型参数，并运用模型的工业应用软件ＲＣＣＬＫ，对这三种催化剂进行了工业验证计算。     

基于偏最小二乘的Kriging代理模型在加氢裂化建模中的应用

提出了一种改进的代理模型方法 （Kriging with Partial Least Squares,KPLS）。该方法在Kriging模型的基础上引入偏最小二乘的思想,利用偏最小二乘方法构建新的Kriging模型的高斯核函数。将该模型应用于加氢裂化过程建模,有效地提高了航煤、柴油质量收率的预测精度。采用 GLAMP（Global and local search strategy）优化算法对建立的KPLS模型进行优化,仿真结果显示航煤、柴油质量收率得到了显著提升。     

缓和加氢裂化动力学模型

参考缓和加氢裂化（ＭＨＣ）反应机理，开发了一种既能预测产品产率，又能预测产品性质的ＭＨＣ动力学网络模型。以文献上发表的ＭＨＣ实验数据为例，进行了参数估计，确定了动力学参数，给出了模型的标准差。本模型所预测的ＭＨＣ结果，与文献数据吻合良好，具有良好的预测性能。     

异种造血嵌合体模型的免疫耐受机制

目的 在已建立的大鼠→免异种造血嵌合体模型中，了解异种移植免疫耐受机制。方法 通过直接、间接免疫荧光染色技术及补体介导的细胞毒试验等方法，检测大鼠MHC－Ⅰ类分子阳性细胞以及体液免疫。结果 检测出大鼠MHC－Ⅰ类分子阳性细胞比例为31.0%-61.9%，且此细胞体液免疫功能正常；同时在此模型中检测出有较高浓度的兔抗大鼠单个核细胞抗体存在，且受体补体功能正常。结果 （1）用我们所建立的方法进行异种骨髓移植是成功的；（2）在受体补体活性正常的嵌合体模型中大鼠单个核细胞与兔抗大鼠单个核细胞抗体出现的共存现象（即适应accomm-oda-tion），是形成此嵌合体的原因。     

脑血管血液循环改进模型的分析和研究

鉴于已有的各种脑血管血液动力学分析仪所采用的弹性腔模型过于简单,为更确切地反映两侧脑血管血液循环及其相互联系的生理本质 (willis环原理 ),我们提出了脑血管血液循环的改进模型,即由 2个输入端口、 9根动脉管和 4个终端流阻组成的 1个网络模型。文中详细分析了恒定流和脉动流两种情况下,该模型的为可计算化的进一步改进,导出了描述模型的数学方程组,给定了该数学方程组的正问题和反问题的算法,明确了模型中各参数的生理意义,最后也叙述了这两种模型在脑血管病基础研究和临床中可能的应用方向。文中比较了我们采用该模型的便携式脑血管血液动力学分析仪和以往采用弹性腔模型的脑血管血液动力学分析仪,结论是：由于增设测量血管径的 M－型超声探头和改制多普勒超声探头使其可测量到颈内动脉流量才使我们有可能采用该模型,能得到更多更确切的脑血管血液循环细节及其联系的结论。     

多产柴油的催化裂化动力学模型

在已开发的重油催化裂化十一集总动力学模型的基础上，对参数估计方法进行了改进，建立了一步法确定模型动力学参数的方法，并通过一步法得到了MLC-500催化剂多产柴油裂化的动力学参数，模型的实验室验证表明，动力学参数是可靠的。     

牵张激活心肌细胞NK—kB及其调控β—MHC基因表达的研究

目的 探讨牵张刺激引起心肌细胞β－MHC基因重新表达的机制。方法 在硅橡胶模上培养心肌细胞并施加牵张刺激，用免疫组织化学方法检测NF－kB的激活情况，并用图像分析法检测NF－kB在激活与未激活状态下β－MHC蛋白的含量。结果 ①心肌细胞受到应变为20％的牵张刺激5小时后，NF－kB被显著激活，从胞浆移位入胞核。②牵张组心肌细胞与对照组、NAC（N－乙酰半胱氨酸）组和牵张＋NAC组心肌细胞相比，β－MHC含量增加，其它3组β－MHC含量无明显差异。结论 NF－kB信号传统系统参与了牵张诱导的β－MHC基因表达的调控。③     

渣油加氢处理反应动力学模型的建立

针对渣油加氢过程中不同功能催化剂级配装填的特点,运用中试装置对不同功能催化剂的渣油加氢处理动力学进行了分段和联合(3段合成1段)建立模型的研究。通过合理方法求解了动力学参数,并采用实测数据分别对分段和联合模型进行了验证。结果表明:所建立的两种模型都具有较好的预测能力和外推性,而分段建立动力学模型可为每段反应器操作条件及催化剂的级配装填优化提供更多的技术参考。     

药物从人小肠上皮细胞模型排放的动力学模型

一种体外培养的人小肠上皮细胞模型（Ｃａｃｏ－２）已应用于药物在小肠细胞中的摄入，排放和过细胞输运等过程的研究，本工作旨在排放过程的动力学模型进行探讨。实验测定多种药物在Ｃａｃｏ－２细胞模型的排放，分别用动力学一级，二级及多项式对排放进行数据拟合，用ＡＩＣ（Ａｋａｉｋｅ‘ｓｉｎｆｏｒｍａｔｉｏｎｃｒｉｔｅｒｉｏｎ）值评判拟合的优劣，并将拟合结果与实际排放比较，结果：动力这二级模型的拟合度最好，由拟合     

四氢叶酸模型的合成及水解反应对四氢叶酸的模拟

本文合成了四氢叶酸模型化合物碘化１，２－二甲基－３－对甲氧苯磺酰基咪唑啉，模拟四氢叶酸甲酸氧化态的形式，进行了水解反应，发现此模型很好地模拟了四氢叶酸的行为，通过水解形成两种互变异构体化合物。     

Value of D-Dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection

Objective: To evaluatel the value of D-dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection (AAD). Methods: This study consisted of 16 patients with AAD and 27 non-AAD patients. Serum D-dimets were measured by Sta-Liatest D-DI immunoturbidimetric assay. Results: D-dimer level was higher (P ＜ 0.001) in patients with AAD(7.91 ± 5.52 μg/ml) than that in non- AAD group(1.57±1.24 μg/ml). D-dimer was positive (＞0.4 μg/ml) in all patients with AAD and in 10 control group patients (37%). Among patients with acute AAD, D-dimers tended to be higher in Stanford A than in Stanford B (8.67 ± 4.31 μg/ml vs. 3.24±1.27 μg/ml, P ＜0.01). D-dimer values tended to be higher in more extended disease(3.84 ± 1.65 μg/ml, 8.57 ± 3.58 μg/ml and 11.87 ± 5.69 μg/ml in thoracic aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta and iliacal arteries, respectively, P ＜ 0.05 for both 8.57 ± 3.58 and 11.87 ± 5.69 vs. 3.84 ± 1.65 ). Including the control group into the analysis, we found a sensitivity of 100%, a negative predictive value of 100%, and a specificity of 66% and a positive predictive value of 64% for D-dimer in diagnosis of AAD in our patients with suspected AAD. Conclusion: D-dimer was elevated in patients with AAD. A negative D-dimer test result could be useful in excluding AAD.     

Research of combined liver-kidney transplantation model in rats

Objective： To set up a simple and reliable rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation. Methods： SD rats served as both donors and recipients. 4℃ sodium lactate Ringer＇s was infused from portal veins to donated livers,and from abdominal aorta to donated kidneys, respectively. Anastomosis of the portal vein and the inferior vena cava （IVC） inferior to the right kidney between the graft and the recipient was performed by a double cuff method, then the superior hepatic vena cava with suture. A patch of donated renal artery was anastomosed to the recipient abdominal aorta. The urethra and bile duct were reconstructed with a simple inside bracket. Results： Among 65 cases of combined liver-kidney transplantation, the success rate in the late 40 cases was 77.5%. The function of the grafted liver and kidney remained normal. Conclusion： This rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation can be established in common laboratory conditions with high success rate and meet the needs of renal transplantation experiment.     

BLOOD PRESSURE CHANGE WITH AGE IN SALT-SENSITIVE TEENAGERS

Objective To observe blood pressure change with age in salt-sensitive teenagers whose salt sensitivity were determined by repeated testing.Methods Salt sensitivity was determined through intravenous infusion of normal saline combined with volume-depletion by oral diuretic furosemide in 55 teenagers. After five years, salt sensitivity was re-examined and subject blood pressure was followed up. Blood pressure changes in salt-sensitive teenagers were compared to that of non-salt sensitive teenagers over five years.Results After 5 years, the repetition rate of salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading is 92.7%. In teenagers with salt sensitivity on the baseline, both the systolic blood pressure increments and increment rates were much higher than non-salt sensitive teenagers (12.7±12.1 mmHg vs. 2.8±5.2 mmHg, P＜ 0.01; 12.2%± 12.0% vs. 2.5% ±4.4%, P＜ 0.001,respectively). There was a similar trend for diastolic blood pressure (8.4 ± 6.4 mmHg vs. 3.7 ± 6.4 mmHg, P = 0.052; 13.2% ±10.6 % vs. 6.8%± 10.1%, P = 0.053, respectively).Conclusions Salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading showed good reproducibility. Blood pressure increments with age were much higher in salt-sensitive teenagers than non-salt sensitive teenagers, especially in terms of systolic blood pressure.     

安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术后生活质量影响的研究

目的：评价使用安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术（PPCI）术后生活质量的影响.方法：将160例接受PPCI的急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者随机分为安心颗粒组（术前顿服安心颗粒8.8g,术后安心颗粒4.4 g/次,每日2次）和对照组（仅接受基础药物治疗）.所有患者均服用阿司匹林、氯吡格雷和阿托伐他汀.分别在入院时、出院前1d、出院后180 d时,应用心肌梗死多维度量表（MIDAS）、中文版SF-36评价量表对患者生活质量评分.并观察术后30 d以内的出血并发症、血小板减少症发生情况.结果：入院时和出院前1d,两组患者的心肌梗死MIDAS、SF-36量表评分比较无差异（P＞0.05）;出院后180 d时,与对照组比较,安心颗粒组MIDAS、SF-36评分明显减低（P＜0.05）;组内与入院时比较,两组出院前1d、出院后180 d时,MIDAS、SF-36评分均降低（P＜0.05）.两组患者在随访期间均无大量出血、少量出血、重度和极重度血小板减少症发生,安心颗粒组有4例、对照组有7例发生不明显出血（P＞0.05）.两组发生轻度血小板减少症的患者数比较无差异（P＞0.05）.结论：PPCI使用安心颗粒,能改善急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者的生活质量,且不增加出血风险.     

The comparative studies of the influences of Urapidil and Nicardipine on sino-atrial node function, atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics

Objective:To investigate the influences of urapidil and nicardipine on rabbit sinus function,atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics.Methods:Thirty-two Angora's rabbits were selected and randomly divided into four groups.U1 group:urapidil 0.25 mg/kg;U2 group:urapidil 0.5 mg/kg;N1 group:nicardipine 10 μg/kg;N2 group:nicardipine 20 μg/kg.All these medicine were administrated within 30 seconds.Measurements were taken before and after the administration of urapidil or nicardipine for the following data:mean blood pressure(MAP),heart rate(HR),sino-atrial conduction time(SACT),maximal sinoatrial recovery time(SNRTmax)corrected sinus node recovery time(CSNRT),index of sinus node recovery time(SNRTI),Wenckebach A-V conduction frequency (WB),and P-R interval.Results:Significant MAP and HR changes were identified in all of the four groups before and after administration of both urapidil and nicardipine.No significant changes could be found in the rest of the parameters.Intergroup analysis showed that SACT and CSNRT of N1 and N2 groups were shorter than those of the U2 group(P＜0.01);the MAP decreased(P＜0.01)and the HR increased drastically(P＜0.01).Conclusions:Neither urapidil(0.25 mg/kg,0.5 mg/kg)nor nicardipine(10μg/kg,20μg/kg)has any significant influence on rabbit sinus function or rabbit atrio-ventricular node function.Nicardipine could be a better choice than urapidil for parafunctional sinus node patients.     

Expression of OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the patients of hip fracture due to osteoporosis

Objective：To investigate the gene expression of osteoprotegerin（OPG） and osteoclast differentiation factor（ODF） in the bone tissue of patients with hip fracture due to osteoporosis. Methods：OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the bone tissue in 50 cases of osteoporosis sufferers（over 50 years old） with hip fracture（Observer Group） and 30 cases of hip facture sufferers with no osteoporosis（Control group） were analyzed with the Semi-Quantitative RT-PCR method. Results：The mRNA expressed of ODF, OPG were both high in the patients with hip fracture. In the control group, the expression of OPG mRNA was observed, while the expression of ODF mRNA was very slight. Conclusion：Aged patients contained all signals including OPG, ODF that are essential for inducing osteoclastogenesis and promoting bone resorption.     

The clinicopathological and immuohistochemical analysis of solid-pseudopapillary tumor of the pancreas： report of 9 cases

Objective：To investigate the clinical features, pathological characteristics and immunophenotype of solid-pseudopapillary tumor of the pancreas（SPTP）. Methods：Nine surgically treated cases of SPTP were retrospectively reviewed. Hematoxylin and Eosin（HE） staining and immunohistochemical staining were used to analyze all cases, and the general clinical data was collected. Results：Six patients were asymptomatic except for a palpable mass. Two patients complained of vague-epigastric pain. One patient appeared jaundice. The tumor was encapsulated and solid tissues alternately with cystic tissues. Histologically, the histological structure of solid portion was pseudopapillary with a fibrovascular core. Tumor cells were uniform and medium-sized which were arranged in sheets ets or nests or pseudopapillary patterns. Immunohistochemical studies demonstrated that SPTP proved positive in vimentin（9/9 cases）, AAT（9/9 cases）, NSE（9/9 cases）, ACT（7/9 cases）, CK20（2/9 cases）, CgA（1/9 cases）, S-100（3/gcases）, PR（4/gcases）, Syn（3/9 cases） and CD56（5/9cases）, negative in CEA and ER. Conclusion：SPTP is a tumor predominantly occurring in young women frequently without special symptoms. This tumor has various characteristical histological patterns with different immunophenotype.     

Dynamic Changes in Serum Estradiol and Progesterone levels in Patients of Premenstrual Syndrome with Adverse Flow of Liver-qi

Objective:To probe into the influence of changes of ovarian hormones on the pathogenesis of the specific sub-type premenstrual syndrome(PMS)and reveal partial microcosmic mechanisms of adverse flow of liver-qi.Methods:Estradiol(E2)and progesterone(P)levels in serum were determined at different phases of menstrual cycle by radioimmunoassay.Results:In the group of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.the secretive peak value Of E2 and P at the follicular phase significantly decreased,and the secretive peak value at the luteal phase did not come into being.Conclusions:Low E2 and P secretive peak at the follicular phase and absence of secretive peak at the luteal phase is one of the microcosmic mechanisms of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.One of the pathophysiologic mechanisms of specific sub-type PMS is probably the continuous low level of E2and P.     

Real-time Three-dimensional Echocardiography in Assessment of Left Ventricular and Right Ventricular Volumes

Real-time three-dimensional echocardiography (RT3DE)is a new ultrasound technique that enables dynamic threedimensional visualization and quantification of the heart in real time. Investigation of feasibility and methodology of RT3DE in determining left ventricular (LV) and right ventricular (RV) volumes, RT3DE was performed in 35 normal adults using Philips SONOS 7500 system with a 2-4 MHz matrix array transducer. The 60°×60° "pyramid" volume database was obtained and analyzed on a TomTec echo workstation. Both LV and RV volumes were calculated with four 3DE methods (i.e. apical 2, 4, 8, and 16-plane) through manually tracing ventricular endocardial borders in end diastole and end systole. Stroke volumes were then calculated. LV volume was also measured by 2DE Simpson's rule using GE VIVID 7 ultrasound machine.     

SCREENING FOR A 21-CHROMOSOME ABNORMALITY IN PREIMPLANTED EMBRYOS OF ELDERLY WOMEN

Increasing maternal age is the only etiological factor unequivocally linked to Down's syndrome in humans. The occurrence rate of newborns with Down's syndrome is about 1/220 in women over 35 years old. However, the occurrence rate in embryos fertilized in vitro, of the elder woman is unclear. Using FISH we screened the number of chromosome 21 in preimplanted embryos of 5 elderly women (average age, 38.4 years) to study the feasibility and necessity of screening trisomy 21 in embryos in patients over 35 years old at the in vitro fertilization (IVF) center.