抗心磷脂抗体与脑血管病关系的研究

目的探讨抗心磷脂抗体与脑血管病的关系．方法采用酶联免疫吸附试验对105例脑梗塞及48例脑出血患者的血清ACLA进行了检测，并与对照组50例结果进行比较。结果脑出血及脑梗塞组的ACLA阳性率明显高于对照组（P＜0．01），ACLA分型中，脑出血及脑梗塞组中的IgG型ACLA阳性率也明显高于对照组（P＜0．05，P＜0．01）．结论ACLA是脑出血及脑梗塞的危险因素，其中IgG型ACLA为主要致病性抗体。     

急性脑血管病患者血清及脑脊液胰岛素水平的初步探讨

对７２例急性脑血管病（ＡＣＶＤ）患者（脑出血３２例，脑梗塞４０例）的血清及脑脊液胰岛素水平进行测定。结果发现脑出血患者血清及脑脊液胰岛素水平均高于对照组（Ｐ＜０．０５，Ｐ＜０．０１）。脑梗塞患者与对照组比较未见明显差别（Ｐ＞０．０５），而两组血糖水平均高于对照组（Ｐ＜０．０５）。同时发现胰岛素水平与病人的病情及预后相关。建议对血糖水平升高而血清及脑脊液胰岛素水平较低的ＡＣＶＤ患者应积极使用胰岛素治疗。     

脑血管病甲状腺激素变化规律初探

报道脑血管病患者共88例，除外甲状腺病史。男59例，女29例，年龄34－78岁，平均62岁。经头颅CT确诊。脑梗塞＜10天m例，10－30天23例，＞30天对例；脑出血＜10天8例，10－30天8例，＞30天6例。正常对照60例，男37例，女23例，年龄40－72岁，平均56岁。方法：采空腹静脉血，按L、FT3、厂动各药盒程序，用放射免疫法测定。结果：飞、厂马在各组均降低，而在脑出血＜ic天组降低最为显著；L、厂已、在脑出血＜ic天组显著降低（P＜0．01），而在ic－30天组增高（L与正常组比较P＜o．05，r凡与正常组比较P＜o．01），在＞30天组正常。本组显…     

男性脑梗塞患者性激素变化动态观察

测定１２例男性脑梗塞患者入院第２天、８天和第１５～３０天血清雌二醇（Ｅ２）、睾酮（Ｔ）及Ｅ２／Ｔ比值，以健康人为对照组，动态观察性激素的变化规律。结果：（１）脑梗塞组入院后第２天、８天、１５～３０天Ｅ２、Ｔ和Ｅ２／Ｔ比值差异无显著性（Ｐ＞０．０５）；（２）脑梗塞组入院后第２天、８天、１５～３０天Ｅ２、Ｔ和Ｅ２／Ｔ比值较对照组明显增高（Ｐ＜０．０１），入院第２天Ｔ水平与健康对照组差异无显著性（Ｐ＞０．０５），第８天，１５～３０天时差异有显著性（Ｐ＜０．０５）。提示血清Ｅ２增高参与了脑梗塞形成过程，Ｅ２／Ｔ比值增高可能是男性脑梗塞患者的易患因素     

脑血管病患者血小板α颗粒膜蛋白140的变化及临床意义

采用免疫放射法测定了１１６例脑血管病患者血浆和血小板表面ＧＭＰ－１４０的变化。发现脑动脉硬化组、脑梗塞组和脑出血组血浆和血小板表面ＧＭＰ－１４０均高于正常对照组（Ｐ＜０．０１），且脑梗塞与脑出血急性期明显升高，恢复期降至脑动脉硬化组水平。血小板表面与血浆内ＧＭＰ－１４０呈显著正相关（Ｐ＜０．０１）。结果表明脑血管病患者急性期血小板活性增高，血浆和血小板表面ＧＭＰ－１４０浓度可作为判断血小板活化和破坏程度的指标。     

胰岛素抵抗与高血压性脑出血关系的初步研究

探讨高血压性脑出血（HIH）患者是否存在胰岛素抵抗（IR）与高胰岛素血症（HIS）,以及IR与患者病情、预后的关系。方法测定了56例HIH患者及37例原发性高血压（EH）患者、49例健康人的血糖（FPG）与血清胰岛素水平（FINS）,同时采用李光伟等提出的胰岛素敏感性指数（ISI）方法进行计算,3个月后随访HIH患者,进行日常生活能力（ADL）Barthel指数评分。结果HIH患者FPG及FINS均明显高于对照组（P＜0．001,P＜0．001）,其ISI较对照组明显减低（P＜0．001）。HIH患者轻型组与重型组的FPG、FINS、ISI比较也存在显著性差异（P＜0．001,P＜0．05,P＜0．001）。随访HIH患者轻型组ADL评分明显高于重型组。结论HIH患者存在IR及HIS,其胰岛素水平及IR程度与患者病情、预后有关。建议对HIH患者的血糖水平升高与IR及ISI下降者应积极使用改善胰岛素敏感性的药物治疗。     

抗心磷脂抗体与脑梗塞

目的：探讨抗心磷脂抗体与脑梗塞的关系。方法：采用酶联免疫吸附法，检测46例脑梗塞患者（脑梗塞组）和20例非心脑血管病患者（对照组）血清中抗心磷脂抗体（ACLA）。结果：在脑梗塞组中．阳性率41％，对照组阳性率15％，两组间有显著性差异（P＜0．05）。脑梗塞ACLA阳性组和阴性组对比分析．ACLA阳性组复发性、多灶性与ACLA阴性组有显著性差异（P值分别＜0．05和＜0．01）。同时ACLA阳性组血小板聚集率、血粘度也明显高于ACLA阴性组（P值均＜0．05）。糖尿病、高血脂、吸烟者ACLA阳性组与ACLA阴性组无明显差异。结论：抗心磷脂抗体是脑梗塞的危险因素。     

急性脑血管管患者血浆内皮素含量的测定

目的：探讨血浆内皮素在急性脑血管病时含量的变化。方法：以56例急性脑梗死和41例脑出血为研究对象，52名健康体检者为对照，采用放射免疫方法测定血浆内皮素水平。结果：两组患者血浆内皮素水平明显高于对照组（P＜0．001），结论：血浆同皮素与脑血管病的发生，发展密切相关。     

严重脑外伤患者预后与血糖关系的临床研究

作者测定了59例成人严重脑外伤（GCS≤8分）入院时或术后24小时内血糖含量，结合临床病情及预后进行对比研究。结果表明：脑外伤组血糖水平显著高于正常值（P＜0．05），入院时或术后血糖水平与GCS显著相关（P＜0．01），入院时或术后血糖水平与病人的预后亦显著相关（P＜0．01），入院时或术后血糖含量≥11．1mmol／L者，死亡率明显增高（P＜0．01）。结合文献，讨论了严重脑外伤急性期高血糖及应的发生机理，对预后的影响及处理等问题。     

急性脑血管病血清β_2－MG水平的观察

对９９例急性脑血管患者（分为脑梗塞组、脑出血组）测定β２微球蛋白（β２－ＭＧ），并与３０例健康人进行比较，结果显示急性脑血管病各组患者β２－ＭＧ均有明显增高，与对照组相比有显著差异（Ｐ＜０．００１）。提示免疫因素在脑血管病发生发展中部分环节的作用。     

急性缺血性脑血管病合并脑微出血的临床特征研究

目的 研究不同类型急性缺血性脑血管病患者合并脑微出血(CMB)的患病率及分级,并探讨其临床意义.方法 选择南方医科大学附属南方医院及广州中医药大学附属中山医院神经内科自2009年9月至2010年7月收治的急性缺血性脑血管病患者259例,其中动脉粥样硬化性血栓形成146例、心源性脑栓塞28例、小动脉性脑梗死50例、不明原因脑梗死19例,短暂性脑缺血发作(TIA)16例,同期体检者96例作为对照.常规行核磁共振T2梯度回波加权扫描(GRE-T2*WI),比较不同类型脑血管病患者CMB的患病率、分级以及初发性和复发性各亚型脑梗死患者CMB的患病率.结果 不同类型缺血性脑血管病患者CMB的患病率、分级均不同,差异有统计学意义(P＜0.05),除TIA外,脑梗死患者CMB的患病率均高于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P＜0.05),其中小动脉性脑梗死组最高(68.0%);复发性动脉粥样硬化性血栓形成患者CMB的患病率高于初发性患者,差异有统计学意义(P＜0.05).结论 CMB在各亚型脑梗死患者中患病率较高,其中在小血管性脑梗死中最高且严重;复发性动脉粥样硬化性血栓形成患者较初发性患者CMB的患病率高,提示CMB可能与缺血性卒中的复发有关.

Abstract：

Objective To study the prevalence and grade of cerebral microbleeds (CMB) among patients with different subtypes of acute ischemic cerebrovascular diseases, and investigate the clinical significance of CMB.Methods Consecutive 259 patients with acute ischemic cerebrovascular diseases, admitted to our hospitals from September 2009 to July 2010, were included; according to the stroke subtypes, these patients were classified into groups of atherothrombotic infarction (n=146),cardioembolic infarction (n=28), small artery infarction (n=50), infarction of unknown origin (n=19) and transient ischemia attack (TIA, n=16). The patients without cerebral vascular diseases were served as controls (n=96). The baseline data were registered and all patients were performed gradient echo-T2*weighted imaging (GRE-T2*WI); the prevalence and grade of CMB between each 2 different subtypes of acute ischemic cerebrovascular diseases were compared; the prevalence of CMB in patients with acute ischemic infarction for the first time and patients with recurrent cerebral infarction was compared.Results The prevalence and grade of CMB between each 2 different infarction subtypes varied with a statistical difference (P＜0.05). Apart from that of TIA group, the prevalence of all infarction groups was statistically higher than that of the controls (P＜0.05) with small artery infarction group being the highest (68.0%). The prevalence of CMB in patients with recurrent infarction was statistically higher than that in patients with primary infarction (P＜0.05).Conclusion The prevalence of CMB among different subtypes of infarction is high with the subtype of small artery infarction enjoying the highest rate; the prevalence of CMB in recurrent infarction goes higher as compared with that in primary infarction; the relapse of the cerebral infarction is possiblely related to the presence of CBMs.     

Effect of extracranial electric stimulation at cerebellar fastiglal nucleus on serum C-reactive protein of patients with acute cerebral infarction

BACKGROUND: Some reports indicate that electric and/or chemical stimulation at various brain sites of experimental animals can raise regional cerebral blood flow and improve cerebral circulation; however, its mechanism is still unclear. OBJECTIVE: To observe the effects of electric stimulation at cerebellar fastigial nucleus on serum C-reactive protein of patients with acute cerebral infarction. DESIGN: Non-randomized synchronized contrast study. SETTING: The Second People's Hospital of Xinxiang City. PARTICIPANTS: A total of 54 patients with acute cerebral infarction were selected from the Department of Neurology, the Second People's Hospital of Xinxiang from December 2005 to December 2006. There were 31 males and 23 females, and their ages ranged from 56 to 80 years. All patients met the diagnostic criteria of the Fourth National Cerebrovascular Academic Meeting, were finally diagnosed by using CT examination, and provided the confirmed consent. Based on therapeutic demands, patients were divided into electric stimulation group and routine treatment group with 27 cases in each group. In addition, 21 healthy subjects, including 11 males and 10 females and aging 53–78 years, were selected as the control group. All the subjects in the control group did not have any histories of cerebrovascular diseases and severe body diseases. METHODS: Based on routine drug therapy, patients in the electric stimulation group were also treated by using CVFT-010M cerebral circulation function therapeutic device (made in Shanghai). Electrode was fixed at bilateral mastoid in the first group and at extensible sides of upper limbs in the second group. Electric stimulation was given twice a day and lasted for 30 minutes each time. Ten days were regarded as a course. Parameters of device: mode Ⅲ, frequency 198%, and intensity 90%–110% (bionic current). Patients in the routine treatment group received the routine drug treatment. Content of serum C-reactive protein was measured in both electric stimulation group and routine treatment group before treatment and at 20 days after treatment, while in the control group on the exact day of health examination by using immunization. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Level of serum C-reactive protein in the three groups. RESULTS: All 54 patients with acute cerebral infarction and 21 healthy subjects were involved in the final analysis. Level of serum C-reactive protein was higher in both electric stimulation group and routine treatment group than that in the control group before treatment (P < 0.01). While, level of serum C-reactive protein was lower in the electric stimulation group than that in the routine treatment group after electric stimulation at cerebellar fastigial nucleus (P < 0.01). CONCLUSION: Electric stimulation at cerebellar fastigial nucleus can decrease level of serum C-reactive protein in patients with acute cerebral infarction, and this may be one of the therapeutic mechanisms for curing acute cerebral infarction.     

急性脑梗死后血管性认知障碍发病率的相关研究

目的探讨急性脑梗死后血管性认知障碍的发病率及影响因素。方法依据蒙特利尔认知评估量表(Montreal cognitive assessment,MoCA)将200例急性脑梗死住院患者分为有认知障碍组和无认知障碍组。统计急性脑梗死后血管性认知障碍的发生率,并分析不同性别、不同年龄、不同文化程度、多次(≥2次)脑梗死史与发病率之间的关系。结果急性脑梗死后血管性认知障碍的发生率为45.0%;其中,首次脑梗死后认知障碍的发生率为32.5%,多次脑梗死患者认知障碍的发生率为64.9%,差异有统计学意义(P0.05)。急性脑梗死后认知障碍的发生率随年龄的增加有上升趋势,差异有统计学意义(P0.05)。急性脑梗死后认知障碍的发生率随文化程度的提高有下降趋势,差异有统计学意义(P0.05)。不同性别间急性脑梗死后认知障碍的发生率差异无统计学意义(P0.05)。结论多次脑梗死患者较首次脑梗死患者血管性认知障碍的发生率高;急性脑梗死后认知障碍的发生率随年龄的增加而升高,随文化程度的提高而降低。     

脑血管疾病患者血浆血脂类生化指标的相关性分析

目的分析脑出血和脑梗死患者血浆脂蛋白、总胆固醇、甘油三酯、同型半胱氨酸(Hcy)含量的变化,为脑血管疾病的诊断和干预提供依据。方法选取郑州大学第五附属医院2015-06—2016-06收治的94例脑血管疾病患者为观察组并选取同期健康体检的志愿者92例为对照组,观察组依据疾病类型分为观察组Ⅰ(脑出血患者,n=48)和观察组Ⅱ(脑梗死患者,n=46),采用全自动生化分析仪和配套试剂检测所有患者血浆脂蛋白、总胆固醇、甘油三酯、同型半胱氨酸含量,并进行对比分析。结果观察组脂蛋白、总胆固醇、甘油三酯、同型半胱氨酸含量高于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P0.05),观察组Ⅱ脂蛋白、同型半胱氨酸含量高于观察组Ⅰ,差异有统计学意义(P0.05)。结论脑血管疾病患者脂蛋白、总胆固醇、同型半胱氨酸含量增高,脂蛋白及同型半胱氨酸含量与脑梗死的发生密切相关。     

脑梗塞患者血LP(a)、ox-LDL、D-D、Fbg含量的研究

本研究按不同年龄组分别测定了110例正常人和123例脑梗塞患者急性期和恢复期血中LP（a）、ox-LDL、D-D、Fbg的含量，结果显示：脑梗塞患者血中LP（a）、ox-LDL、D-D、Fbg较正常对照组显著升高（P＜0．01），并且LP（a）、ox-LDL、D-D在脑梗塞人血中呈正相关（r=0.876，P＜0．05）。正常人D-D的含量随年龄的增高有增长趋势，低年龄组与高年龄组有显著性差异（q=4．82，P＜0．01）。LP（a）、OX-LDL、Fbg含量各年龄组无差异（P＞0．05）。D-D随年龄增长塔高明显（R=0．596P＜0．01）并且与梗塞面积正相关（r=0．819，P＜0．01），而LP（a）、OX-LDL、Fbg与梗塞面积无关。同时发现D-D在脑梗塞恢复期明显降低（P＜0．05），证实了脑梗塞急性期确实存在高凝状态和内源性纤溶功能活跃。     

脑梗死患者血清TNF-α、IL-1β含量的变化及其临床意义的研究

目的　了解脑梗死患者血清TNF-α、IL-1β含量在恢复期和急性期的变化及意义。方法　运用双抗夹心酶联免疫吸附法（ELISA）测定血清中TNF-α、IL-1β的含量。结果　急性期、恢复期脑梗死患者血清TNF-α、IL-1β水平较对照组显著增高（P＜0.01）,急性期又较恢复期高（P＜0.05,P＜0.01）;增高程度与神经功能缺损程度及梗死体积大小密切相关。结论　TNF-α、IL-1β可能参与脑梗死早期的炎症反应及再灌注损伤,并在其中起重要作用。     

急性脑梗死患者血清MCP-1的测定和临床研究

目的 研究急性脑梗死患者血清单核细胞趋化蛋白-1(MCP-1)的水平及意义.方法 选取南方医科大学南方医院院神经内科自2007年4月至2007年9月收治的101例急性脑梗死患者,按美国国立卫生研究院卒中量表(NIHSS)评分分为NIHSS>5分组和NIHSS≤5分组.以同期40例健康体检者做为对照.入院时采用ELISA法检测患者血清MCP-1水平并分析其与NIHSS评分的相关性:随访患者半年死亡和缺血性血管疾病新发情况并分析MCP-1水平对生存预后的影响.结果 急性脑梗死患者血清MCP-1水平明显高于对照组,NIHSS>5组患者血清MCP-1水平显著高于NIHSS≤5组,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05).急性脑梗死患者MCP-1水平与NIHSS评分呈正相关关系(r=0.244,P=0.014);随访结果显示血清MCP-1≤133.90 pg/mL患者预后好于MCP-1>133.90pg/mL患者,差异有统计学意K(P<0.05).结论 急性脑梗死患者血清MCP-1水平升高,并与病情严重程度相关.MCP-1水平对急性脑梗死患者发病半年内的预后有一定提示意义.     

急性脑血管病患者血清和脑脊液中胰岛素样生长因子-1的测定及其临床意义

目的　探讨急性脑血管病患者血清及脑脊液中胰岛素样生长因子 - 1(IGF - 1)浓度的变化及其临床意义。方法　观察 40例脑血管病患者和 2 0例正常人血清及脑脊液IGF - 1浓度。病例组 :脑梗死组2 0例 ,脑出血组 2 0例 ,所有患者均在发病后第 3天抽取静脉血 2ml,其中脑梗死组在抽血当天作腰穿抽取脑脊液 2ml。IGF - 1采用酶联免疫分析方法测定。应用SPSS统计软件包进行统计分析 ,组间比较采用t检验。结果　病例组与对照组血清中IGF - 1浓度有明显统计学差异 (P <0 .0 1) ,脑梗死组与脑出血组血清中IGF - 1浓度无统计学差异 (P >0 .0 5 )。脑梗死组与对照组脑脊液中IGF - 1浓度有明显统计学差异 (P <0 .0 1)。结论　脑梗死和脑出血患者急性期血清IGF - 1浓度明显降低 ,脑梗死组患者急性期脑脊液IGF - 1浓度明显增高。     

急性脑梗死局部亚低温治疗的时间窗研究

目的 探讨局部亚低温治疗急性脑梗死的疗效和最佳治疗时间窗. 方法 将114例急性脑梗死患者按开始接受亚低温治疗时间的不同分为3组,即A组(≤6 h)、B组(6～24 h)和C组(≥24 h),每组再按随机数字表法分为治疗组(A1组、B1组、C1组)和对照组(A2组、B2组、C2组).对照组给予常规抗血小板等治疗,治疗组在常规治疗基础上给予病灶侧局部亚低温治疗48 h.各组患者均在人院时、治疗第7天、治疗第14天、治疗第30天进行美国国立卫生研究院卒中量表(NIHSS)评分,并在入院时及治疗第7天、治疗第14天动态监测血清中一氧化氮(NO)含量、超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)活力. 结果 与A2组、B2组相比,A1组、B1组治疗第7天、治疗第14天、治疗第30天NIHSS评分明显降低,治疗第7天、治疗第14天血清中NO含量明显降低,SOD活力明显升高,差异均有统计学意义(P＜0.05);而C1组在各时间点的NIHSS评分、NO含量、SOD活力与C2组比较差异均无统计学意义(P＞0.05).A1组、B1组在治疗第7天、治疗第14天、治疗第30天NIHSS评分较C1组明显下降,在治疗第7天、治疗第14天NO含量较C1组明显下降,SOD活力较C1组明显提高,差异均有统计学意义(P＜0.05),尤以A1组突出. 结论 早期局部亚低温治疗急性脑梗死临床有效,理想的治疗时间窗为6 h,6～24 h开始亚低温治疗仍有效,但24 h后开始亚低温治疗则无效.

Abstract：

Objective To determine the effect of local mild hypothermia on patients with acute cerebral infarction and ascertain its optimal therapeutic window. Methods According to the time receiving treatment, 114 patients with acute cerebral infarction were divided into group A (≤6 h), group B (6-24 h) and group C (≥ 24 h). Then, each group was subdivided into 2 groups at random: treatment group (A1, B1, C1) and control group (A2, B2, C2). Patients in the control group were subjected to such conventional therapy as anti-platelet aggregation. Patients in the treatment group were treated with local mild hypothermia (33-35 ℃ body-core temperature) for 48 h besides conventional therapy. Clinical outcomes were assessed by the National institutes of health stroke scale (NIHSS) on admission and 7, 14,30 d after treatment. Furthermore, we detected the serum level of nitrogen monoxidum (NO) and superoxide dismutasc (SOD) on admission, and 7 and 14 d after treatment. Results Compared with the control group, treatment group enjoyed significantly decreased scores of NIHSS 7, 14 and 30 d after treatment and significantly decreased level of NO 7 and 14 d after treatment (P＜0.05), but obviously increased SOD vitality 7 and 14 d after treatment (P＜0.05). No significant differences in terms of NIHSS scores, level of NO and SOD vitality were noted between group C1 and group C2 at each time point (P＞0.05). Group Al and group B1 had obviously lower scores of NIHSS than group C1 on the 7th, 14th and 30th d of treatment, and had significantly lower level of NO and obviously increased SOD vitality as compared with group C1 on the 7th and 14th d of treatment (P＜ 0.05), and group A1 enjoyed its advantage.Conclusion Early local mild hypothermia therapy can improve neurological function in patients with acute cerebral infarction. The mild hypothermia induced within 6 h may be optimal therapeutic window;mild hypothermia induced at 6-24 h is less effective and that above 24 h is non-effective.     

依达拉奉联合尤瑞克林治疗急性脑梗死疗效观察

目的探讨依达拉奉联合尤瑞克林治疗急性脑梗死的临床疗效。方法在嵩县人民医院神经内科2014-07—2016?10诊治的急性脑梗死患者中抽取72例为研究对象,随机分为2组,治疗组(n=36)采取依达拉奉联合尤瑞克林治疗,对照组(n=36)应用常规综合治疗,对比2组临床疗效、神经功能变化。结果治疗组总有效率94.4%,高于对照组的77.8%(P0.05);治疗前,2组NIHSS评分对比差异无统计学意义(P0.05);治疗后,治疗组NIHSS评分明显低于对照组(P0.01);治疗组生活质量评分(90.1±1.4)分,高于对照组的(76.3±4.7)分,差异有统计学意义(P0.01)。结论依达拉奉联合尤瑞克林治疗急性脑梗死的临床疗效确切,可有效改善其神经功能。