两种联合手术方式治疗急性闭角型青光眼合并白内障的疗效比较

目的：探讨超声乳化白内障吸除人工晶状体植入联合房角分离术治疗原发性急性闭角型青光眼(acute primary angle-closure glaucoma,APACG)合并白内障的临床疗效。

方法：前瞻性随机对照研究。选择符合入组条件的急性闭角型青光眼合并白内障患者60例60眼,随机分为对照组和研究组; 对照组行白内障超声乳化吸除、人工晶状体植入联合小梁切除术(30眼),研究组行白内障超声乳化吸除、人工晶状体植入联合房角分离术(30眼),比较两种术式的临床疗效。

结果：术前两组视力、眼压、中央前房深度、房角开放程度差异无统计学意义(P>0.05); 术后2mo两组视力、眼压、中央前房深度、房角开放程度均明显比术前改善,差异有统计学意义(P<0.001); 研究组术后视力、中央前房深度、房角开放程度,均优于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05); 两组术后眼压及并发症相比,研究组优于对照组,但差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。

结论：白内障超声乳化人工晶状体植入联合房角分离术,对APACG合并白内障患者视力的提高、眼压的控制有着积极的临床效果。     

白内障超声乳化术治疗原发性闭角型青光眼临床观察

目的:观察白内障超声乳化术治疗闭角型青光眼术后中央前房深度和眼压的变化及手术疗效.方法:前瞻性病例对照研究.入选病例为原发性急、慢性闭角型青光眼37例49眼,对26眼临床前期或房角检查动态下房角关闭粘连范围≤180°的患者采取白内障超声乳化+后房型折叠式人工晶状体植入术;对23眼动态下房角关闭粘连范围≥180°的患者行白内障超声乳化+人工晶状体植入术+小梁切除术;对有青光眼发作史的所有患眼联合行房角粘连分离术.术后观察视力、眼压、前房深度和房角.随访3mo~2a.结果:术后47眼视力提高,2眼无变化,≥0.5者35眼(71%).术后所有患者眼压明显降低(P<0.01)、前房明显加深(P<0.01),房角增宽.47眼眼压得到长期良好控制.2眼术后1mo眼压再次升高,为慢性闭角型青光眼晚期高眼压下手术的患者.结论:白内障超声乳化人工晶状体植入术可有效治疗原发性闭角型青光眼,可使前房加深、眼压降低、房角增宽;但对房角关闭粘连范围≥180°的患者应同时行小梁切除术.     

超声乳化人工晶状体植入联合房角分离术治疗闭角型青光眼合并白内障

目的：探讨超声乳化人工晶状体植入术联合房角分离术治疗闭角型青光眼合并白内障的临床效果,为治疗闭角型青光眼合并白内障提供依据。

方法：回顾分析2010-01/2011-10入选本研究的95例112眼闭角型青光眼合并白内障患者的临床资料,对其行超声乳化白内障摘除人工晶状体植入术联合房角分离术治疗,对其疗效进行分析,观察治疗前后视力、眼压、前房深度、房角的变化及并发症的情况。计量资料采用配对t检验进行分析。

结果：术前视力、眼压、前房深度分别为0.14±0.18,34.5±6.5mmHg,1.51±0.27mm; 术后1wk; 1,6mo视力分别是0.61±0.14,0.61±0.2,0.60±0.151; 术后1wk; 1,6mo眼压分别是13.1±3.7,12.8±3.9,12.9±4.3mmHg; 前房深度为2.49±0.3 1,2.45±0.39,2.46±0.43mm; 术后1wk; 1,6mo的眼压明显低于术前眼压,视力、前房深度、房角变化在手术前后具有显著的差异(P<0.05)。术后不同的时段,各参数之间均无显著的差异。房角镜检查：112眼房角均完全开放。术后浅前房、高眼压率及前房炎症反应等均得到及时有效的治疗。

结论：超声乳化白内障摘除人工晶状体植入联合房角分离术治疗白内障合并闭角型青光眼可明显地提高视力,安全有效、方便快捷、并发症少,可广泛运用。     

同切口超声乳化联合滤过手术在急性闭角型青光眼滤过术后高眼压的疗效分析及危险因素

白内障超声乳化及人工晶体植入手术治疗闭角型青光眼,能降低眼压、改变前房深度和前房角宽度,并改善视力,对房角粘连比较牢固者,需联合房角粘连分离术甚至小梁切除术［1］,曾行青光眼手术而眼压仍失控且晶状体已有明显混浊,估计再次手术可能有因晶状体混浊加重而引起视力下降者应选择青光眼白内障联合手术。     

不同联合手术方式对白内障合并闭角型青光眼的疗效分析

目的: 观察超声乳化白内障摘除人工晶状体植入术联合小梁切除术,超声乳化白内障摘除人工晶状体植入术联合房角分离术治疗白内障合并闭角型青光眼的临床疗效,为治疗白内障合并闭角型青光眼提供可靠方法。方法: 收集白内障合并闭角型青光眼患者78例106眼,将其随机分为两组:其中A组患者40例56眼,采用超声乳化白内障摘除人工晶状体植入术联合小梁切除术治疗;B组患者38例50眼,采用超声乳化白内障摘除人工晶状体植入术联合房角分离术治疗,对其疗效进行对比分析,观察治疗前后视力、眼压、前房深度、房角的变化及并发症的发生率。结果: 两组手术顺利,视力、眼压、前房深度、房角变化在手术前后具有显著的差异(P<0.05)。两组手术后疗效的比较,房角镜检查:A组56眼房角完全开放的49眼;B组50眼房角360°开放的44眼,两组间无统计学差异。术前前房深度:A组为1.73±0.42mm,B组为1.78±0.39mm;术后前房深度:A组为3.25±0.36mm,B组为2.91±0.53mm,两组间有统计学差异(P<0.05)。A组并发症发生率明显高于B组。结论: 超声乳化白内障摘除人工晶状体植入术联合房角分离术治疗白内障合并闭角型青光眼可明显地提高视力,有效地控制眼压,减少手术早期并发症,且操作简便,可广泛运用。     

白内障超声乳化联合房角分离术治疗闭角型青光眼

目的：分析白内障超声乳化吸出+人工晶状体植入联合房角分离术治疗闭角型青光眼的临床效果。

方法：回顾性分析合并有白内障的闭角型青光眼患者,且房角关闭粘连范围≤180°的患者46例56眼,行白内障超声乳化吸出+人工晶状体植入联合房角分离手术,观察分析术前和术后眼压、视力、前房深度、前房角的变化。

结果：术后眼压全部控制在21mmHg(1mmHg=0.133kPa)以下,最佳矫正视力均有不同程度的提高,前房深度明显增加,房角均有不同程度开放。术中、术后无严重手术并发症。术前和术后眼压、前房深度、最佳矫正视力差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。

结论：选择对合适的闭角型青光眼合并白内障的患者施行白内障超声乳化联合房角分离手术能够获得满意的临床效果。     

联合手术治疗合并白内障的急性闭角型青光眼疗效观察

目的：分析白内障超声乳化人工晶状体植入联合房角分离术治疗合并白内障的急性闭角型青光眼的临床应用效果。

方法：选取2010-06/2018-09期间我院收治的合并白内障的急性闭角型房角粘连<180°患者40例40眼,根据手术方法不同分为观察组和对照组。观察组采用白内障超声乳化人工晶状体植入联合前房角分离术治疗,对照组采用白内障超声乳化人工晶状体植入术治疗,将两组患者治疗结果进行对比。

结果：术后3、6mo,观察组视力、眼压、前房深度均优于对照组(P<0.05)。随访期间两组均无严重并发症发生。

结论：白内障超声乳化人工晶状体植入联合房角分离术治疗合并白内障的急性闭角型房角粘连<180°的患者临床效果显著。     

不同房角分离术治疗原发性急性闭角型青光眼合并白内障的疗效

目的：探讨白内障超声乳化联合两种不同房角分离术治疗原发性急性闭角型青光眼合并白内障的临床疗效。

方法：原发性急性闭角型青光眼合并白内障的患者60例62眼随机分为两组,A组31眼行白内障超声乳化摘除术联合I/A头牵拉房角分离术,B组31眼行白内障超声乳化摘除联合黏弹剂钝性房角分离术,比较两组患者术前和术后3mo的最佳矫正视力、眼压、中央前房深度、房角开房范围和瞳孔大小。

结果：术后所有患者眼压明显低于术前眼压,差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05); 62眼视力较术前均有不同程度的改善; 前房深度和房角开放范围均较术前明显增加,差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05)。A组与B组相比,两组患者术后3mo视力、眼压控制和中央前房深度方面差异无统计学意义(P>0.05),A组在房角开放范围方面优于B组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。术后3mo,A组患者中有8眼瞳孔缩小1mm以上,B组患者中有2眼瞳孔缩小1mm以上。

结论：白内障超声乳化摘除术联合两种不同的房角分离术均能有效治疗原发性急性闭角型青光眼合并白内障,其中I/A头牵拉房角分离术能更有效地增加房角开放范围。     

白内障青光眼联合手术治疗青光眼合并白内障

目的：探讨白内障超声乳化联合人工晶状体植入及小梁切除术治疗急性闭角型青光眼合并白内障的临床疗效。

方法：选择26例26眼急性闭角型青光眼合并老年性白内障患者作为研究对象,均接受白内障超声乳化联合人工晶状体植入及小梁切除术治疗,观察手术前后视力、眼压、前房深度变化及术后滤过泡形态、术后并发症。

结果：术后6mo时有14例视力≥0.5,10例视力为0.12～0.4,与术前相比视力均有明显改善,手术前后视力比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.05); 术后1wk; 3,6mo平均眼压分别为12.5±1.2,14.3±1.5,14.6±1.3mmHg,与术前平均眼压相比均明显降低,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。术后中央前房深度均明显加深且均形成弥散的功能性滤过泡。术后主要并发症为角膜水肿及前房炎症反应。

结论：白内障超声乳化联合人工晶状体植入及小梁切除术治疗急性闭角型青光眼合并老年性白内障,不仅安全有效,而且术后并发症轻微,值得临床推广应用。     

超声乳化联合房角粘连分离术治疗闭角型青光眼合并白内障

目的探讨超声乳化联合房角粘连分离术治疗闭角型青光眼合并白内障的临床效果。方法闭角型青光眼合并白内障53例（53眼）。进行超声乳化联合房角粘连分离术治疗,观察手术后视力、眼压、前房、视野和并发症情况。结果术后视力比术前显著提高。术后眼压正常。前房角增宽。结论超声乳化联合房角粘连分离术可有效解除原发性闭角型青光眼发病机制中晶状体因素所致的瞳孔阻滞,是治疗闭角型青光眼合并白内障一种有效方法。     

Strabisme Alternant - Etude clinique - traitement

The author defines motor and sensory alternation: the term alternation should not be used in isolation, it should always be accompanied by the name of the parameter concerned. Sensory alternation is always found together with motor alternation but the reverse is not true.The examining criteria for a diagnosis of sensory alternation are given, sensory alternation must not be confused with alternating inhibition. Working from clinical observations of cases of motor alternating strabismus, the author selects 2 types of binocular sensory relations which allow one to differentiate between:- cases of primary alternating strabismus- cases of secondary alternating strabismusThese forms will develop in different ways; in both cases a cure is possible providing that the right treatment is prescribed and once prescribed carefully followed, etc. It is always a case of serious forms of strabismus whose developmental period is spread over several years.According to the authors, the frequency of cases of true primary strabismus is from 1–3%, the frequency of cases of secondary alternating strabismus varies according to the type of therapy practised on cases of monocular strabismus with amblyopia. These latter will become cases of alternating strabismus under the influence of certain types of therapy carried out over several years (penalization, rocking, alternated occlusion, etc...).Experimental data on kittens confirm clinical data; kittens placed in abnormal environments during the sensitive period will show modification in the distribution of cortical cells and the absence of binocular cells (either because the excitation of the two eyes was not simultaneous, or not identical: artificial strabismus, occlusion, opaque glasses). This disturbances become irreversible after a certain period of exposure (a function of age, length of exposure, etc...).It is thus necessary to bear in mind: 1) the iatrogenic risks of certain orthoptic treatments, 2) the necessity for a binocular form of treatment as soon as possible, as once a certain stage is passed, cortical plasticity diminishes and the elaboration of normal binocular relations becomes impossible.

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Effects of Adenosine Agonists on Intraocular Pressure and Aqueous Humor Dynamics in Cynomolgus Monkeys

The effects of single or multiple topical doses of the relatively selective A₁adenosine receptor agonists (R)-phenylisopropyladenosine (R-PIA) and N⁶-cyclohexyladenosine (CHA) on intraocular pressure (IOP), aqueous humor flow (AHF) and outflow facility were investigated in ocular normotensive cynomolgus monkeys. IOP and AHF were determined, under ketamine anesthesia, by Goldmann applanation tonometry and fluorophotometry, respectively. Total outflow facility was determined by anterior chamber perfusion under pentobarbital anesthesia. A single unilateral topical application of R-PIA (20–250 μg) or CHA (20–500 μg) produced ocular hypertension (maximum rise=4.9 or 3.5 mmHg) within 30 min, followed by ocular hypotension (maximum fall=2.1 or 3.6 mmHg) from 2–6 hr. The relatively selective adenosine A₂antagonist 3,7-dimethyl-1-propargylxanthine (DMPX, 320 μg) inhibited the early hypertension, without influencing the hypotension. Neither 100 μg R-PIA nor 500 μg CHA clearly altered AHF. Total outflow facility was increased by 71% 3 hr after 100 μg R-PIA. In conclusion, the early ocular hypertension produced by topical adenosine agonists in cynomolgus monkeys is associated with the activation of adenosine A₂receptors, while the subsequent hypotension appears to be mediated by adenosine A₁receptors and results primarily from increased outflow facility.