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1.
Romero-Aroca P Baget-Bernaldiz M Fernandez-Ballart J Plana-Gil N Soler-Lluis N Mendez-Marin I Bautista-Perez A 《Diabetes research and clinical practice》2011,94(1):126-132
Aims
To determine the 10-year incidence of diabetic retinopathy (DR) and macular edema (DME), and its relationship with its risk factors in a sample of type 1 diabetes mellitus.Methods
A total of 334 patients without diabetic retinopathy at baseline underwent a 10-year prospective study, the risk factors included: age, gender, diabetes duration, HbA1c, LDL-C, HDl-C, TC/HDL-C ratio, ApoA1, ApoB, ApoB/ApoA1 ratio, and triglycerides were recorded. Risk factors for diabetic macular edema (DME) were also recorded.Results
The 10-year incidence of any DR was 35.90%, and 11.07% developed DME. The risk factors for DR and DME were: diabetes duration, high glycosylated level, and arterial hypertension, and overt nephropathy was well correlated with DME. The lipid study demonstrated that ApoB/ApoA1 ratio was significant for any DR [HRR: 0.594 (0.416-0.848), p = 0.01], and DME [HRR: 0.601 (0.433-0.894), p = 0.009]. The TC/HDL ratio was only significant for DME [HRR: 0.624 (0.440-0.886), p = 0.008]; other lipids values were not significant for any groups studied.Conclusions
In the present study, the ApoB/ApoA1 ratio was significant to the 10-year incidence of diabetic retinopathy and to macular edema; and the TC/HDL ratio was significant to a 10-year incidence of macular edema. 相似文献2.
Aschner P Buendía R Brajkovich I Gonzalez A Figueredo R Juarez XE Uriza F Gomez AM Ponte CI 《Diabetes research and clinical practice》2011,93(2):243-247
Aims
The recent definitions of the metabolic syndrome (MS) recognize the need for ethnic and region-specific waist circumference (WC) cut-offs that identify people with abdominal obesity. We tested WC as a diagnostic tool to identify people with visceral adiposity in Hispanics from the Latin America region.Methods
We used the area of visceral adipose tissue (VAT) ≥100 cm2 at the level between the 4th and 5th lumbar vertebrae in abdominal CT scans as a marker of visceral adiposity and established the optimal WC threshold for men and women by means of receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves.Results
179 men and 278 women from Mexico, El Salvador, Venezuela, Colombia and Paraguay were included. The ROC curves were highly discriminative of excess VAT for men and women (area under the curve 0.9 and 0.8 respectively) and the WC threshold was identified at 94 cm for men and between 90 and 92 cm for women.Conclusion
In men the WC cutoff was equal to that proposed for europids and suggested for US adults who may have strong genetic contribution to insulin resistance such as Hispanics. In women the threshold was significantly higher than previously proposed for South and Central Americans. 相似文献3.
Mary E. Sehl Author Vitae William A. Satariano David B. Reuben Author Vitae 《Critical reviews in oncology/hematology》2009,71(1):62-69
Objectives
To examine the prevalence of self-reported functional limitations in a breast cancer population, identify whether these reported limitations are attributed to breast cancer versus other coexisting illnesses, and examine how this attribution changes over time from early in treatment to 9 months later.Design
Longitudinal, observational study.Setting
Community dwelling adults in Detroit metropolitan area.Participants
2033 participants (1011 breast cancer patients, 1022 controls) aged 40-84 years.Measurements
Participants were asked about each of 23 possible coexisting illnesses in addition to breast cancer and whether or not each illness, including breast cancer, caused any activity limitation.Results
Of the 933 cancer patients who completed both baseline and follow-up evaluations, 45% were aged 65 years and older. At baseline, 56% of patients 65 years and older reported functional limitation compared with 50% of patients younger than 65 years (p = 0.005). Of those patients who reported limitation at baseline, 59% of older patients and 78% of younger patients attributed their limitation to breast cancer (p < 0.001). At follow-up, 53% of older and 37% of younger patients reported functional limitation (p < 0.001), with 27% of older patients compared with 57% of younger patients (p < 0.001) attributing limitation to breast cancer.Conclusion
Self-reported functional limitations are common 3 months after breast cancer diagnosis, being attributed primarily to breast cancer. By 1 year after diagnosis, much of the limitation due to breast cancer resolves. Older women are less likely to have resolution of their limitations, which are most commonly due to other coexisting illnesses. 相似文献4.
L.L.-Y. Lim Sam-ang Seubsman A. Sleigh 《Nutrition, metabolism, and cardiovascular diseases : NMCD》2012,22(1):42-49
Background and aims
Waist circumference (WC), waist-to-hip ratio (WHR) and waist-to-stature ratio (WSR), being common proxy measures of abdominal obesity, are useful tools in epidemiologic studies, but little is known about their validity when the indices are derived from self-reported measurements. We determine and compare the validity of self-reported WC, WHR and WSR in order to identify the optimal index for use in epidemiologic surveys.Methods and Results
Technician- and self-reported measurements of height, waist and hip circumference were obtained from 613 Thai adults (mean age 35 years). Regarding technician-reported measurements as reference, diagnostic test properties were derived and performances of the indices compared using receiver-operator-characteristic curves and the area-under-the-curve (AUC) analyses. There was good agreement between technician- and self-reported measurements for WC and WSR (concordance correlation coefficients ranged from 0.84 to 0.90) but not for WHR (0.50 in men, 0.45 in women). The sensitivity and specificity of self-reported WC and self-reported WSR as measures of abdominal obesity were superior to those of self-reported WHR in both sexes. AUCs for WC and WSR were comparable (0.93 and 0.92, respectively, in men; 0.88 and 0.87 in women) and significantly higher than for WHR (0.80 in men; 0.76 in women; p < 0.0001).Conclusion
WC and WSR derived from self-reported waist and height measurements are valid methods for determining abdominal obesity. Self-reported measurements should not be used to derive the WHR. In Asian populations, WSR may be the optimal index of abdominal obesity when measurements are derived from self-reports in epidemiologic surveys. 相似文献5.
Vassy JL Shrader P Jonsson A Fox CS Lyssenko V Isomaa B Groop L Meigs JB Franks PW 《Diabetes research and clinical practice》2011,93(2):e76-e79
Objective
Parental history of diabetes and specific gene variants are risk factors for type 2 diabetes, but the extent to which these factors are associated is unknown.Methods
We examined the association between parental history of diabetes and a type 2 diabetes genetic risk score (GRS) in two cohort studies from Finland (population-based PPP-Botnia study) and the US (family-based Framingham Offspring Study).Results
Mean (95% CI) GRS increased from 16.8 (16.8-16.9) to 16.9 (16.8-17.1) to 17.1 (16.8-17.4) among PPP-Botnia participants with 0, 1, and 2 parents with diabetes, respectively (ptrend = 0.03). The trend was similar among Framingham Offspring but was not statistically significant (p = 0.07). The meta-analyzed p value for trend from the two studies was 0.005.Conclusions
The very modest associations reported above suggest that the increased risk of diabetes in offspring of parents with diabetes is largely the result of shared environmental/lifestyle factors and/or hitherto unknown genetic factors. 相似文献6.
Sheryl L. Chow Tien M.H. NgRoman A. Litwinski Simon KangavariMason Weiss 《International journal of cardiology》2012,154(1):17-21
Background
Contrast media (CM) exposure is associated with a substantial risk of arrhythmias and nephrotoxicity. These adverse effects may be exacerbated in high-risk conditions such as heart failure, although no studies have evaluated newer CM agents in this population. This study evaluated the electrophysiologic and renal effects of two newer CM agents, iodixanol and ioxilan, in heart failure patients undergoing angiography.Methods
Eighty-seven consecutive systolic heart failure patients who received either iso-osmolar iodixanol (n = 44) or low-osmolar ioxilan (n = 43), stratified for concomitant amiodarone, were evaluated for QT interval and serum creatinine changes in comparison to baseline. QT values were corrected according to three formulae: Bazett's correction, Fridericia formula, and Framingham equation.Results
Baseline patient characteristics were not significantly different in the iodixanol versus ioxilan groups, except for myocardial infarction and renal disease. No significant change in mean QTc was observed after exposure to either CM agent compared to baseline. These results were unaffected by amiodarone. A significant improvement in serum creatinine from baseline was observed in the iodixanol group compared to the ioxilan group (−0.121 ± 0.35 mg/dL vs. 0.033 ± 0.23 mg/dL, respectively; p = 0.045).Conclusions
No significant change in QTc interval was observed in patients receiving either iodixanol or ioxilan during angiography. Iodixanol appeared to improve short-term renal function in patients with heart failure and should be further investigated. 相似文献7.
Lu J Bu RF Sun ZL Lu QS Jin H Wang Y Wang SH Li L Xie ZL Yang BQ 《Diabetes research and clinical practice》2011,93(2):179-186
Aim
To assess whether self-monitoring of quantitative urine glucose or blood glucose is effective, convenient and safe for glycaemic control in non-insulin treated type 2 diabetes.Methods
Adults with non-insulin treated type 2 diabetes were recruited and randomized into three groups: Group A, self-monitoring with a quantitative urine glucose meter (n = 38); Group B, selfmonitoring with a blood glucose meter (n = 35); Group C, the control group without selfmonitoring (n = 35). All patients were followed up for six months, during which identical diabetes care was provided.Results
There was a significant decrease in HbA1c within each group (p < 0.05). At the study conclusion, mean changes in HbA1c from baseline were −1.9% for Group A, −1.5% for Group B and −1.0% for Group C, and the proportion of patients achieving HbA1c≤6.5% were 38.9%, 35.3% and 20.0% respectively. However, no significant differences between the groups were found. The average monitoring frequency was significantly higher in Group A than in Group B. The incidence of hypoglycaemia and quality of life scores were similar between the groups.Conclusions
This study suggests that self-monitoring of urine glucose has comparable efficacy on glycaemic control, and facilitates better compliance than blood self monitoring, without influencing the quality of life or risk of hypoglycaemia. 相似文献8.
Farvid MS Homayouni F Amiri Z Adelmanesh F 《Diabetes research and clinical practice》2011,93(1):86-94
Aim
The aim of the present study was to determine if micronutrients supplementation can improve neuropathy indices in type 2 diabetes.Materials and methods
In this randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled clinical trial, 75 type 2 diabetes patients were assigned to three treatment groups, receiving one of the following daily supplement for 4 months: Group MV: zinc (20 mg), magnesium (250 mg), vitamin C (200 mg) and E (100 mg); Group MVB: both of the above mineral and vitamin supplements plus vitamin B1 (10 mg), B2 (10 mg), B6 (10 mg), biotin (200 μg), B12 (10 μg) and folic acid (1 mg); Group P: placebo.Results
67 patients completed the study. Neuropathic symptoms based on the MNSI questionnaire improved from 3.45 to 0.64 (p = 0.001) in group MVB, from 3.96 to 1.0 (p = 0.001) in group MV and from 2.54 to 1.95 in placebo group after 4 months. There was no significant difference between three treatment groups in MNSI examinations after 4 months supplementations. Over 4 months of treatment, patients showed no significant changes in glycemic control, capillary blood flow or electrophysiological measures in MV and MVB groups compared with placebo group.Conclusions
These studies suggest that micronutrients supplementation might ameliorate diabetic neuropathy symptoms. 相似文献9.
Shlipak MG Ix JH Bibbins-Domingo K Lin F Whooley MA 《The American journal of medicine》2008,121(1):50-57
Purpose
The study purpose was to evaluate the ability of 6 biomarkers to improve the prediction of cardiovascular events among persons with established coronary artery disease.Background
Cardiovascular risk algorithms are designed to predict the initial onset of coronary artery disease but are less effective in persons with preexisting coronary artery disease.Methods
We examined the association of N-terminal prohormone brain natriuretic peptide (Nt-proBNP), cystatin C, albuminuria, C-reactive protein (CRP), interleukin-6, and fibrinogen with cardiovascular events in 979 Heart and Soul Study participants with coronary artery disease after adjusting for demographic, lifestyle, and behavior variables; cardiovascular risk factors; cardiovascular disease severity; medication use; and left ventricular ejection fraction. The outcome was a composite of stroke, myocardial infarction, and coronary heart disease death during an average of 3.5 years of follow-up.Results
During follow-up, 142 participants (15%) developed cardiovascular events. The highest quartiles (vs lower 3 quartiles) of 5 biomarkers were individually associated with cardiovascular risk after multivariate analysis: Nt-proBNP hazard ratio (HR) = 2.13 (95% confidence interval [CI], 1.43-3.18); cystatin C HR = 1.72 (95% CI, 1.10-2.70); albuminuria HR = 1.71 (95% CI, 1.15-2.54); CRP HR = 2.00 (95% CI, 1.40-2.85); and interleukin-6 HR = 1.76 (95% CI, 1.22-2.53). When all biomarkers were included in the multivariable analysis, only Nt-proBNP, albuminuria, and CRP remained significant predictors of events: HR = 1.88 (95% CI, 1.23-2.85), HR = 1.63 (95% CI, 1.09-2.43), and HR = 1.82 (95% CI, 1.24-2.67), respectively. The area under the receiver operator curve for clinical predictors alone was 0.73 (95% CI, 0.68-0.78); adding Nt-proBNP, albuminuria, and CRP significantly increased the area under the receiver operator curve to 0.77 (95% CI, 0.73-0.82, P <.005).Conclusion
Among persons with prevalent coronary artery disease, biomarkers reflecting hemodynamic stress, kidney damage, and inflammation added significant risk discrimination for cardiovascular events. 相似文献10.
Krasuski RA Bush A Kay JE Mayes CE Wang A Fleming J Pierce C Kisslo KB Harrison JK Bashore TM 《American heart journal》2003,146(6):1099-1104
Background
Markers of systemic inflammation including C-reactive protein (CRP) appear to predict morbidity and mortality in various clinical conditions. The presence of systemic inflammation and its impact on the procedural success of percutaneous balloon mitral valve commissurotomy (PBMC) in patients with rheumatic mitral stenosis has not been previously demonstrated.Methods
Measurements of CRP with a high-sensitivity assay were performed at the time of PBMC or during post-procedural follow-up in 119 patients with mitral stenosis of rheumatic morphology. Patients were questioned to exclude confounders of CRP elevation and categorized into undetectable (≤0.10 mg/L) and detectable (>0.10 mg/L) CRP levels. Detectable levels were further classified into assay range (>0.10 and ≤6.0 mg/L) and elevated (>6.0 mg/L).Results
CRP was detectable in 76% of patients and elevated (>6.0 mg/L) in 36% of patients studied. Procedural success occurred in 89% of patients with undetectable CRP, as compared with only 67% in patients with detectable CRP (P = .028). This effect remained after controlling for age and valve score (previously described predictors of PBMC success).Conclusions
Systemic inflammation is common in patients with rheumatic mitral valve stenosis, and the relationship between procedural success and CRP suggests persistent inflammation may affect the results of PBMC. 相似文献11.
Aim
This prospective study examined the impact of a structured education program (OzDAFNE) on subjective wellbeing, coping resources, and negative affects in adults with type 1 diabetes. Participants completing the OzDAFNE program were compared to those using continuous subcutaneous insulin (CSII) and multiple daily injections (MDI) over the same time period.Methods
Participants in the OzDAFNE group (N = 144) were recruited from diabetes centres throughout Australia. The comparison groups were recruited from Diabetes Australia-Victoria's membership database and comprised 383 people using MDI and 64 people using CSII. All participants completed self-report questionnaires at baseline and 12-months later. Additional assessments for OzDAFNE participants were conducted at the end of the education program and at three and six-months following the training.Results
The results demonstrated that participants completing the OzDAFNE program experienced improved subjective wellbeing (p < .01), a greater sense of mastery and control in managing their diabetes (p < .001), and reduced diabetes-related distress (p < .001) compared to the CSII and MDI groups. However, the CSII group recorded a significant drop in self-esteem (p < .001) over the duration of the study.Conclusions/Interpretations
The OzDAFNE program provides a powerful mastery experience for participants, positively influencing subjective wellbeing and diabetes-related distress. 相似文献12.
Bentz MH Dupond JL 《La Revue de médecine interne / fondée ... par la Société nationale francaise de médecine interne》2011,32(8):461-466
Purpose
The diagnosis of fever or inflammation of unknown origin (FUO/IUO) is guided by the search of clinical clues. Lymphadenopathy is thought to be helpful but its actual contribution has never been tested, and little is known about the main causes of FUO/IUO with lymphadenopathy. The aim of this study was to clarify these issues from the experience of two departments of internal medicine.Methods
We retrospectively studied a cohort of 69 consecutive inpatients with FUO or IUO and lymphadenopathy, hospitalized from January 2002 to February 2008. The patients were coded according to the final diagnosis and age. Recorded data included lymph node location, fever, CRP level, lymphocyte and platelet counts, presence of hyperbasophilic cells, hypogammaglobulinemia, monoclonal gammopathy, LDH level, and the results of histological and or cytological lymph node examination.Results
Malignancy accounted for 54%, granulomatosis for 23%, mainly of infectious (60%) or malignancy-related origin (18%), the group classified as non-specific adenitis represented 17% of the cases and systemic diseases 4%. Diagnosis was obtained by histological examination of a lymph node biopsy in 80% and by cytology alone in 13% of the patients; no correlation was found between anatomic location, clinical and biological data and any pathological group. Univariate age-independent analysis showed significant correlation between intra-abdominal lymphadenopathy (P = 0.05), increased serum CRP (P = 0.01) and LDH levels (P = 0.05) and malignancy, whereas superficial unique lymph node location (P < 0.05), absence of deep site location (P < 0.01), and presence of hyperbasophilic cells (P < 0.01) were all related to benign non specific adenitis.Conclusion
FUO/IUO with lymphadenopathy must be considered as a separate entity, mostly represented by malignancies and granulomatosis, mainly of infectious or malignancy related origin. Fever, intra-abdominal lymphadenopathy, serum CRP and LDH levels and hyperbasophilic cells are relevant indicators. 相似文献13.
Alizadeh Dehnavi R de Roos A Rabelink TJ van Pelt J Wensink MJ Romijn JA Tamsma JT 《Atherosclerosis》2008,200(2):417-423
Background
Visceral obesity (VO) is associated with an increased risk of cardiovascular disease. Elevated C-reactive protein (CRP) levels are associated with VO and cardiovascular disease. After exploring the relation between CRP and VO, we aimed to evaluate the VO independent relation between CRP and carotid atherosclerosis.Methods and results
The prevalence of inflammation was evaluated in 439 male subjects with VO without type 2 diabetes and manifest cardiovascular disease. Waist circumference significantly correlated with CRP (r: 0.20, p < 0.001). However, 18.2% of patients in the waist circumference group 94-102 had elevated CRP levels while 9.6% of patients in the waist circumference group >118 cm had low CRP levels. From the 439 subjects, 40 subjects were prospectively selected for MRI assessment of carotid atherosclerosis and visceral and subcutaneous adipose tissue distribution in a case-control setting matching for age and waist circumference. Twenty male subjects with age >50 years with CRP levels >2.5 mg/L (CRP+) were compared to 20 controls with CRP levels <1.8 mg/L (CRP−). Maximum vessel wall thickness in CRP+ was significantly higher both in the common carotid artery (15%, p < 0.01) and the bulb region (18%, p < 0.01). The distribution of fat in visceral and subcutaneous deposits was not significantly different between CRP+ and CRP−.Conclusion
Elevated CRP levels are associated with significantly increased maximum vessel wall thickness independent of VO and of MRI measured adipose tissue distribution, both in the common carotid artery and the carotid bulb. 相似文献14.
Forte L Cimmino G Loffredo F De Palma R Abbate G Calabrò P Ingrosso D Galletti P Carangio C Casillo B Calabrò R Golino P 《International journal of cardiology》2011,152(1):7-12
Background
C-reactive protein (CRP) plasma levels correlate with cardiovascular events. Although a direct role for CRP in atherothrombosis has been suggested, at the moment little is known about its involvement in the pathophysiology of acute coronary syndromes (ACS). Thus, the aim of this study was to determine whether CRP is produced in the culprit lesion and released within the coronary circulation of patients with ACS and whether it may affect coronary endothelial function.Methods
Blood samples were simultaneously obtained from the aorta (Ao) and the coronary sinus (CS) of patients with normal coronary artery (n = 16), stable angina (n = 30), and ACS (n = 29) for later measurement of plasma CRP levels. Endothelium-dependent and -independent coronary vasodilation were evaluated by means of a Doppler Flow Wire in response to the increasing intracoronary doses of acetylcholine and adenosine, respectively.Results
CRP plasma levels were significantly higher across the coronary circulation only in ACS patients with the culprit lesion located in the left coronary artery, while no differences between CS and Ao CRP plasma levels were observed in all other groups. Transcardiac CRP levels were correlated with impairment in coronary endothelium-dependent vasodilation. In six additional patients (SA = 3 and ACS = 3), subjected to coronary atherectomy, real-time quantitative PCR revealed presence of CRP mRNA only in unstable plaques.Conclusions
Thus, CRP is produced and released within the coronary circulation of patients with ACS; this is associated with impairment of endothelial function, suggesting a new pathophysiological link between CRP and ACS. 相似文献15.
Collins C Limone BL Scholle JM Coleman CI 《Diabetes research and clinical practice》2011,92(2):145-152
Aim
To conduct a meta-analysis evaluating the effect of pharmacist intervention on glycemic control.Methods
A systematic search of Medline and CENTRAL was conducted from the earliest possible date through June 2010. Trials were included if they were randomized controlled trials in a diabetic population, evaluated any form of pharmacist intervention and reported data on hemoglobin A1C (A1C). A random-effects model was used to calculate weighted mean differences (WMDs) and 95% confidence intervals.Results
Fourteen trials (n = 2073) evaluating the effect of pharmacist intervention on glycemic control were identified. Pharmacist intervention significantly lowered A1C (n = 14 trials, WMD −0.76%, 95%CI −1.06 to −0.47) and fasting blood glucose (FBG) (n = 4 trials, WMD −29.32 mg/dL, 95%CI −39.54 to −19.10). A moderate to high degree of statistical heterogeneity was observed in these analyses (I2 ≥ 44.1% for both).Conclusions
Our findings demonstrate statistically and clinically significant associations between pharmacist intervention and improvement in glycemic control. 相似文献16.
Raman R Verma A Pal SS Gupta A Vaitheeswaran K Sharma T 《Diabetes research and clinical practice》2011,92(2):168-173
Aim
To evaluate the role of glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1c) on the occurrence of sight-threatening diabetic retinopathy (STDR) in urban Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India.Methods
A total of 5999 individuals were enumerated from the Chennai metropolis. Of these, 1414 subjects with diabetes were included for data analysis in the study. STDR or non-STDR groups were classified based on the fundus photographs. HbA1c was measured (Bio-Rad DiaSTAT™ HbA1c Reagent Kit) by the liquid chromatography technique.Results
A statistically significant difference (p < 0.05) was noted in the duration of diabetes, gender, body mass index, HbA1c, micro- and macro-albuminuria between both non-STDR and STDR groups as compared to the no-diabetic retinopathy (DR) group. On multivariate analysis, HbA1c (non-STDR: odd's ratio OR = 1.23; 95% confidence interval CI = 1.15-1.32; p < 0.0001; STDR: OR = 1.31 95% CI = 1.14-1.52; p < 0.0001) was found to be significantly associated with non-STDR and STDR when compared with the no-DR group. The Receiver Operating Characteristic analysis showed that the cut-off value of 8.0 had 75.6% sensitivity and 58.2% specificity with 64.9% maximum area under the curve.Conclusion
HbA1c value >8.0% was significantly related with STDR. In a screening programme, the cut-off value of HbA1c >8.0% provided a maximum yield of STDR. 相似文献17.
Sankaran P Kamath AV Tariq SM Ruffell H Smith AC Prentice P Subramanian DN Musonda P Myint PK 《European Journal of Internal Medicine》2011,22(3):282-285
Background
Community Acquired Pneumonia (CAP) is a common infection which is associated with a significant mortality. Shock index, heart rate divided by blood pressure, has been shown to predict mortality in several conditions including sepsis, acute myocardial infarction and traumatic injuries. Very little is known about the prognostic value of shock index in community acquired pneumonia (CAP).Objective
To examine the usefulness of shock index (SI) and adjusted shock index (corrected to temperature) (ASI) in predicting mortality and hospital length of stay in patients admitted to hospital with CAP.Methods
A prospective study was conducted in three hospitals in Norfolk & Suffolk, UK. We compared risk of mortality and longer length of stay for low (=<1.0, i.e. heart rate =< systolic BP) and high (> 1.0, i.e. heart rate > systolic BP) SI and ASI adjusting for age, sex and other parameters which have been shown to be associated with mortality in CAP.Results
A total of 190 patients were included (males = 53%). The age range was 18-101 years (median = 76 years). Patients with SI & ASI > 1.0 had higher likelihood of dying within 6 weeks from admission. The adjusted odds ratio for 30 days mortality were 2.48 (1.04-5.92; p = 0.04) for SI and 3.16 (1.12-8.95; p = 0.03) for ASI. There was no evidence to suggest that they predict longer length of stay.Conclusion
Both SI and ASI of > 1.0 predict 6 weeks mortality but not longer length of stay in CAP. 相似文献18.
Yau JW Xie J Lamoureux E Klein R Klein BE Cotch MF Bertoni AG Shea S Wong TY 《Diabetes research and clinical practice》2012,95(2):265-274
Aim
To prospectively examine the association of retinal microvascular signs with incident diabetes and impaired fasting glucose (IFG) in a multi-ethnic population-based cohort.Methods
The multi-ethnic study of atherosclerosis comprised Caucasians, African-Americans, Hispanics and Chinese aged 45-84 years. Retinal vascular calibre and retinopathy were quantified from baseline retinal photographs. Incident diabetes and IFG were ascertained prospectively.Results
After a median follow-up of 3 years, 243 (4.9%) people developed diabetes and 565 (15.0%) developed IFG. After adjusting for known risk factors, participants with wider retinal arteriolar calibre had a higher risk of developing diabetes [HR: 1.60; 95% CI: 1.12-2.29, p = 0.011 comparing highest with lowest arteriolar calibre tertile]. In ethnic subgroup analysis, the association between wider retinal arteriolar calibre and incident diabetes was stronger and statistically significant only in Caucasians [HR: 2.78; 95% CI: 1.37-5.62, p = 0.005]. Retinal venular calibre and retinopathy signs were not related to risk of diabetes or IFG.Conclusion
Wider retinal arteriolar calibre is independently associated with an increased risk of diabetes, supporting a possible role for early arteriolar changes in diabetes development. This effect was largely seen in Caucasians, and not in other ethnic groups, and may reflect ethnic differences in susceptibility to diabetes from microvascular pathways. 相似文献19.
20.
Michos ED Vaidya D Gapstur SM Schreiner PJ Golden SH Wong ND Criqui MH Ouyang P 《Atherosclerosis》2008,200(2):432-438