补骨胶囊治疗SLE患者骨质疏松症的作用机制

目的研究补骨胶囊防治系统性红斑狼疮（SLE）患者长期使用糖皮质激素治疗并发骨质疏松或骨量减少的作用机制. 方法 66例SLE患者随机分为两组,治疗组（34例）采用糖皮质激素和补骨胶囊治疗,对照组（32例）采用糖皮质激素治疗,分析两组患者治疗前后血清血钙（Ca）、血磷（P）、血清碱性磷酸酶（ALP）和血甲状旁腺素（Parathyroid hormone, PTH）的变化,并对三角区（Ward＇s）等进行了骨密度（Bone mineral density, BMD）的测定. 结果治疗组治疗前后血Ca、P、ALP和PTH差异无统计学意义,对照组血Ca和PTH的表达差异有统计学意义（P＜0.01）.治疗组患者骨质疏松或骨量减少的发生率明显低于对照组（P＜0.05）. 结论补骨胶囊治疗SLE患者骨质疏松或骨量减少的机制可能是通过恢复SLE患者体内血Ca和PTH的平衡紊乱.     

仙灵骨葆对卵巢大鼠骨密度和骨代谢的影响

目的通过制造骨质疏松动物模型,研究去势大鼠骨密度和骨代谢指标的变化,为仙灵骨葆治疗骨质疏松症提供理论依据。方法将40只雌性SD大鼠随机分为4组,分别为：对照组、假手术组、仙灵骨葆小剂量组、仙灵骨葆大剂量组。手术摘除卵巢制造骨质疏松病理模型,待其恢复一W后,仙灵骨葆组每天按剂量灌胃给药60d,之后测定骨密度,并取血检测雌二醇（E2）、血钙（Ca）、血磷（P）。结果仙灵骨葆各剂量组骨密度和E2水平均高于对照组,差异具有统计学意义（P〈0．05）,而各组的Ca、P无明显差异,不具有统计学意义（P〉0．05）。结论仙灵骨葆可提高去势大鼠骨密度和E2水平,具有有效治疗骨质疏松症的作用。     

去卵巢和激素致骨质疏松模型中骨密度与血清指标的比较

目的 通过建立去卵巢与地塞米松致SD大鼠骨质疏松模型,了解去卵巢和地塞米松对骨代谢的影响,探讨两种模型在不同时间点骨密度和血清学的区别.方法 选用6月龄健康雌性SD大鼠,采用肌注地塞米松及手术方法切除大鼠两侧卵巢分别制作去卵巢(OVX)及激素致大鼠骨质疏松模型.比较两者不同时间点血钙、磷、碱性磷酸酶(ALP)、骨密度、骨结构、骨组织形态学的变化.结果 去卵巢组与地塞米松组大鼠的骨组织形态学都呈现出典型的骨质疏松状态,在各个时间点的骨密度均明显低于对照组(P＜0.05或P＜0.01).另外在不同时间点两组模型大鼠体内ALP水平均显著升高(P＜0.01),去卵巢组血钙、磷维持在正常范围(P＞0.05),而地塞米松组钙降低(P＜0.05),磷升高(P＜0.05).结论 去卵巢与地塞米松所致的骨质疏松模型在不同时间点上的血清学指标、骨形态计量学存在一定的区别.同时发现去卵巢模型的造模成功时间可以提前到10周,而激素模型的造模时间则应为5周或更长.     

甲状旁腺激素1-34和雷奈酸锶联合使用对去势大鼠骨质疏松症影响的研究

目的 研究联合使用甲状旁腺激素1-34(PTH)和雷奈酸锶(SR)对去势大鼠骨质疏松症的影响.方法 50只雌性SD大鼠随机分为假手术组(Sham组,n=5)及双侧去卵巢手术组(OVX组,n=45),正常情况下饲养12周后,随机取5只OVX组大鼠和5只Sham组大鼠处死,取胫骨检查骨质疏松模型的建立情况.随后剩下的40只OVX组大鼠随机平均分成4组(10只/组):OVX对照组、SR组、PTH组和PTH+ SR组;SR组、PTH组和PTH+ SR组分别给予SR灌胃(625 mg/kg,每周5次)、PTH皮下注射(20 μg/kg,每天1次)和相同剂量的SR灌胃及PTH皮下注射.药物治疗8周后将所有大鼠处死取胫骨行骨密度及微观参数检测,最大载荷及弹性模量的测定和血清P1NP、CTX-1含量的测定.结果 骨质疏松大鼠模型建立成功.与OVX对照组相比,SR组、PTH组和PTH+ SR组各组大鼠胫骨骨密度显著增加,骨小梁数量增加,差异均有显著性意义,P＜0.05.与OVX对照组比较,SR、PTH及PTH+ SR组的Tb.N、Tb.Th、BV/TV及conn.D明显增加,Tb.Sp明显降低,差异有显著性意义,P＜0.05.SR组、PTH组和PTH+ SR组的胫骨最大栽荷及刚度值均高于OVX对照组;与OVX对照组比较,SR、PTH及PTH+ SR组大鼠血清中P1NP表达量增加,而CTX-1表达降低,差异有显著性意义,P ＜0.05.结论 联合使用PTH和SR可以明显增强去势大鼠成骨活性,增加其骨密度,增强骨强度,对去势大鼠骨质疏松症的治疗有叠加作用.     

绝经后妇女2型糖尿病肾病患者骨代谢指标变化分析

目的:了解绝经后妇女2型糖尿病肾病患者骨代谢指标变化。方法:2型糖尿病肾病患者依据骨密度分为36例合并骨质疏松的患者及34例骨密度正常患者,对照组为2型糖尿病未达到肾病诊断标准者,分别测定钙、磷、碱性ALP、PTH、PINP和β-CTX以及25-OHD。结果:糖尿病肾病合并骨质疏松组及糖尿病肾病骨量正常组的血ALP、PTH、PINP及β-CTX均明显高于糖尿病无肾病组(P0.05或P0.01);糖尿病肾病合并骨质疏松组及糖尿病肾病骨量正常组的血25-OHD均明显低于糖尿病无肾病组(P0.05或P0.01);血磷、血钙测定各组间比较差异无统计学意义。结论:绝经后妇女2型糖尿病肾病患者ALP、PTH升高,PINP、β-CTX为骨质疏松敏感指标。     

补肾坚骨胶囊对去势大鼠骨代谢指标的影响

目的:观察补肾坚骨胶囊对大鼠实验性骨质疏松的预防和治疗作用.方法:将60只切除卵巢的Wistar成年雌性大鼠随机分为正常对照组、模型组、E3(尼尔雌醇)组和低、中、高补肾坚骨胶囊治疗组,分别测定血钙、血磷、血碱性磷酸酶(AKP)和尿钙、尿磷、尿羟脯胺酸.结果:E3组和治疗组尿羟脯胺酸含量明显降低.结论:补肾坚骨胶囊可有效的预防和治疗骨质疏松症.     

重组人甲状旁腺素（1-34）对去势大鼠骨质疏松性骨折愈合过程胰岛素样生长因子的影响

目的探讨重组人甲状旁腺素（1-34）对去势大鼠骨质疏松性骨折愈合过程血清中胰岛素样生长因子1（IGF-1）的影响,及其治疗骨质疏松症的作用机理,为临床应用提供理论依据。方法选用5月龄雌性SD大鼠75只简单随机方法分为假手术组（Sham组）、空白组（OVX组）和重组人甲状旁腺素（1-34）治疗组（PTH组）。Sham组大鼠仅切除双侧卵巢周围的组织约3g,其余大鼠行双侧卵巢摘除。去势3个月后,所有大鼠行右侧股骨中段骨折制备骨折模型,术后所有大鼠常规喂养,仅给予治疗组重组人甲状旁腺素（1-34）治疗。应用双能X线骨密度仪测量大鼠右股骨全段及腰椎L3-L6的骨密度（BMD）;采用自动生化仪测定血清Ca、P、ALP值;用ELISA法测定血清骨钙素（BGP）浓度及胰岛素样生长因子（IGF-1）水平。结果 PTH组、Sham组均较OVX组右股骨上段骨密度值增高,组间比较差异有显著性（P〈0.05）。PTH组血清BGP浓度及胰岛素样生长因子1（IGF-1）值升高,与OVX组比较差异有显著性（P〈0.05）。各组血清钙、磷含量无明显变化,与对照组比较差异无显著性。结论重组人甲状旁腺素（1-34）rhPTH（1-34）能够预防股骨全段及腰椎L3-L6的骨密度丢失,并且使血清BGP及胰岛素样生长因子1（IGF-1）值上升,但对Ca、P、ALP含量无明显作用。     

骨化三醇冲击对尿毒性继发性甲状旁腺功能亢进的影响

目的:研究骨化三醇冲击对尿毒性继发性甲状旁腺功能亢进的影响。方法:将60例尿毒症继发性甲状旁腺功能亢进患者分为对照组(n=30例)和治疗组(n=30例)两组。对照组行骨化三醇常规治疗,治疗组患者行骨化三醇冲击治疗,治疗12周后比较两组患者血清钙(Ca)、磷(P)和甲状旁腺激素(PTH)变化情况。结果:治疗有效率比较,治疗组比对照组更高;两组治疗后血钙浓度、血磷浓度和i PTH浓度比较,差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05)。对照组治疗前后血钙浓度、血磷浓度和i PTH浓度比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。治疗组治疗前后血钙浓度、血磷浓度和i PTH浓度比较,差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论:骨化三醇冲击较常规治疗组对尿毒症继发性甲状旁腺功能亢进取得良好的治疗效果,且安全,值得基层医院推广应用。     

运动对去势雌性大鼠松质骨组织中IL-6及TNF-α表达的影响

目的:探讨运动对去势雌性大鼠骨组织中IL-6、TNF-α表达的影响并讨论其在骨代谢变化中的作用。方法:24只4月龄雌性大鼠随机分为3组:正常组、去势组、运动组。去势组和运动组均行双侧卵巢切除,运动组大鼠卵巢切除后在跑台上进行中等强度运动(18m/min,1h/d,5d/周)10周。10周后处死动物对股骨近端松质骨中IL-6、TNF-α进行免疫组织化学染色,并结合计算机图象分析系统对表达强度进行评定。同时对血钙、血碱性磷酸酶(ALP)、血骨钙素(BGP)、尿钙、尿肌苷、尿羟脯氨酸(Hop)进行检测以评定骨转换状态。结果:去势组大鼠骨吸收增强,骨转换加快;运动可以抑制去势后大鼠骨吸收增强和高转换状态。去势组大鼠TNF-α、IL-6阳性表达强度显著高于对照组(P<0.05,P<0.01),运动组则与对照组相比差异无显著性。结论:卵巢切除导致骨髓微环境中TNF-α和IL-6增加,运动可能通过抑制骨髓微环境中TNF-α和IL-6增加而抑制去卵巢大鼠的骨吸收和高转换状态。     

生物钙抗去势雌鼠失骨作用的研究

本文用生物钙对去势雌鼠失骨的防治作用进行了研究。４月龄Ｗｉｓｔａｒ雌鼠３０只，随机分为假手术对照组（对照组）、双侧卵巢切除组（切除组）及双侧卵巢切除后补充生物钙组（补钙组），补钙剂量为每只鼠每天５０ｍｇ／ｋｇ，经口灌胃。９０天后处死动物，分别检查血钙、血磷、血清碱性磷酸酶，右侧胫骨病理组织学，左侧胫骨形态计量学，以及股骨湿重、干重、灰重和骨钙、磷元素Ｘ线能谱分析。结果显示：与对照组比较，切除组大鼠骨小梁变细小，骨小梁体积下降，宽度降低，成骨细胞指数和破骨细胞指数均增加，骨重下降，骨钙、磷含量减少，呈典型的骨质疏松症病理学改变；补钙组动物血清钙及骨钙、磷含量明显升高，骨小梁体积及骨小梁平均宽度明显高于切除组动物，说明生物钙在防治去势大鼠骨质丢失方面有一定作用。作者认为，补钙后防治骨质疏松症的主要机理在于纠正去势后的负钙平衡，抑制过高的骨转换，特别是抑制破骨细胞的活性。     

Value of D-Dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection

Objective: To evaluatel the value of D-dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection (AAD). Methods: This study consisted of 16 patients with AAD and 27 non-AAD patients. Serum D-dimets were measured by Sta-Liatest D-DI immunoturbidimetric assay. Results: D-dimer level was higher (P ＜ 0.001) in patients with AAD(7.91 ± 5.52 μg/ml) than that in non- AAD group(1.57±1.24 μg/ml). D-dimer was positive (＞0.4 μg/ml) in all patients with AAD and in 10 control group patients (37%). Among patients with acute AAD, D-dimers tended to be higher in Stanford A than in Stanford B (8.67 ± 4.31 μg/ml vs. 3.24±1.27 μg/ml, P ＜0.01). D-dimer values tended to be higher in more extended disease(3.84 ± 1.65 μg/ml, 8.57 ± 3.58 μg/ml and 11.87 ± 5.69 μg/ml in thoracic aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta and iliacal arteries, respectively, P ＜ 0.05 for both 8.57 ± 3.58 and 11.87 ± 5.69 vs. 3.84 ± 1.65 ). Including the control group into the analysis, we found a sensitivity of 100%, a negative predictive value of 100%, and a specificity of 66% and a positive predictive value of 64% for D-dimer in diagnosis of AAD in our patients with suspected AAD. Conclusion: D-dimer was elevated in patients with AAD. A negative D-dimer test result could be useful in excluding AAD.     

Research of combined liver-kidney transplantation model in rats

Objective： To set up a simple and reliable rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation. Methods： SD rats served as both donors and recipients. 4℃ sodium lactate Ringer＇s was infused from portal veins to donated livers,and from abdominal aorta to donated kidneys, respectively. Anastomosis of the portal vein and the inferior vena cava （IVC） inferior to the right kidney between the graft and the recipient was performed by a double cuff method, then the superior hepatic vena cava with suture. A patch of donated renal artery was anastomosed to the recipient abdominal aorta. The urethra and bile duct were reconstructed with a simple inside bracket. Results： Among 65 cases of combined liver-kidney transplantation, the success rate in the late 40 cases was 77.5%. The function of the grafted liver and kidney remained normal. Conclusion： This rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation can be established in common laboratory conditions with high success rate and meet the needs of renal transplantation experiment.     

Development on Adjustable Calibration Marker for Shock Wave Focus

Shock wave lithotripsy （SWL） is a treatment of choice for upper urinary stones. However, this procedure is inappropriate for obese patients because the focus is often unable to reach the target owing to the limited focal distance in shock wave source. Although treating such patients in a blast path may increase the application length of shock wave source, it＇s difficult to find this path on the lithotripter monitor. For this reason, we invented an adjustable calibration marker in order to set an effective focus in the shock wave hath.     

Study on the TCM Pathogenesis of Angiopathic Complications of Type II Diabetes

Excess production of reactive oxygen species(ROS)of mitochondrion mediated by hyperglycemia is the common pathogenesis of angiopathic complications of diabetes.TCM holds that the damp from the dysfunction of spleen.kidney and liver is the causative factor of complications of diabetes.This is similar to the mechanism of Ros resulting in angiopathic complications of diabetes.When the angiopathic complications of type II diabetes mellitus(T2DM)are difierentiated as caused by turbid damp in TCM can be explained as ROS.Since the obstruction of pathogenic damp in channels and collaterals is said to be the main pathogenesis,the treating principle should be dissolving the damp to remove the obstruction.     

Leptin, Ghrelin and TNF-α before and after Hypo-caloric Traditional Chinese Diet and Auricular Acupuncture

INTRODUCTION Obesity is a complex emergent problem, which can be possibly solved not only by the diet but also by the life style and promotion of a constant physical exercise. 1, 2 No doubt careful attentions must be given to the nutritional condition of obese people, the dietary habits, the somatic build (i.e. distribution of fat mass) and the organic functions linked to formation of the fat mass. All the parameters should be constantly monitored before, during and after a diet treatment. 3, 4, 5     

BLOOD PRESSURE CHANGE WITH AGE IN SALT-SENSITIVE TEENAGERS

Objective To observe blood pressure change with age in salt-sensitive teenagers whose salt sensitivity were determined by repeated testing.Methods Salt sensitivity was determined through intravenous infusion of normal saline combined with volume-depletion by oral diuretic furosemide in 55 teenagers. After five years, salt sensitivity was re-examined and subject blood pressure was followed up. Blood pressure changes in salt-sensitive teenagers were compared to that of non-salt sensitive teenagers over five years.Results After 5 years, the repetition rate of salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading is 92.7%. In teenagers with salt sensitivity on the baseline, both the systolic blood pressure increments and increment rates were much higher than non-salt sensitive teenagers (12.7±12.1 mmHg vs. 2.8±5.2 mmHg, P＜ 0.01; 12.2%± 12.0% vs. 2.5% ±4.4%, P＜ 0.001,respectively). There was a similar trend for diastolic blood pressure (8.4 ± 6.4 mmHg vs. 3.7 ± 6.4 mmHg, P = 0.052; 13.2% ±10.6 % vs. 6.8%± 10.1%, P = 0.053, respectively).Conclusions Salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading showed good reproducibility. Blood pressure increments with age were much higher in salt-sensitive teenagers than non-salt sensitive teenagers, especially in terms of systolic blood pressure.     

Relationship between Dysglycemia and Carotid Atherosclerosis in Tibetan Population

People with dysglycemia are at high risk for atherosclerotic diseases. This study aims at investigating the atherosclerotic vascular damage in dysglycemia and its metabolic origin in Tibetan population.     

APPLICATION OF LORNOXICAM TO PATIENT-CONTROLLED ANALGESIA IN PATIENTS UNDERGOING ABDOMINAL SURGERIES

FOR anesthesiologis s ,treatingpostoperativepainhas alwaysbeen a problem.Althoughopioidshave been provedtobe effective,theirsideeffectscouldnotbeignored.With thedevelopmentofscienceand pharmacology,many drugs with aspectsof satisfactoryanalgesicefficacyand couldbe welltoleratedby patientshave been developed.And lornoxicamisone of them, which isa non-steroidalanti-inflammatorydrug (NSAID ), with analgesic, anti-infl-ammatory,andantipyreticproperties.Itseliminationhalf-time(3 to 5 hours) isle…     

CLINICAL SIGNIFICANCE OF SERUM CYTOKINES IL-1β,sIL-2R,IL-6,TNF-α,AND IFN-v IN ACUTE CORONARY SYNDROME

Objectives To explore serum cytokines levels (including IL-1 β, sIL-2R, IL-6, TNF-α, and IFN-v) and their significance in patients with acute coronary syndrome (ACS) and the subsequent follow-ups, with attempt to estimate the role of various serum inflammatory markers in the diagnosis and assessment of ACS.Methods The study population include 40 patients with acute myocardial infarction (AMI), 40 patients with unstable angina pectoris (UAP), and 40 controls. Among the 80 patients, 60 patients attended a follow up 4 months later. Serum inflammatory markers including IL-1 β, sIL-2R, IL-6, TNF-α, and IFN-v were measured by enzyme linked immunosorbent assay.Results Serum IL- 1 β, sIL-2R, IL-6, TNF-α were significantly higher in AMI group or UAP group compared to the control group and became significantly lower 4 months later in the follow-up patients. Serum levels of IFN-v shows no significant difference between AMI group or UAP group and controls, also showing no significant change when measured in follow up patients. There was no correlation between serum creatine kinase-MB isoenzyme levels and serum inflammatory markers either in UAP or AMI group. Furthermore, when divided into two subgroups using Wagner's QRS scoring system in the AMI group, there is no difference of each serum inflammatory marker between ≤ 6 scores group and ＞ 6 scores group.Conclusion Serum levels of certain inflammatory markers may have some diagnostic value for ACS, and can be a useful marker reflecting disease stability.     

Possible Spread of adenovirus type 3 from poultry to humans ：indirect evidence from an outbreak in China

Objective:To explore the epidemiology and etiology for an outbreak of acute respiratory tract infection that occurred in one county of Jiangsu Province, China 2004. Methods: Only cases meeting the case definition were included in the study. We reviewed the medical records of the cases who were admitted to the local hospitals, interviewed cases by a standard questionnaire, and then described the epidemiotogic features and analyzed risk factors by means of a case-control study. We collected pharyngeal swab specimens and sent them to different laboratories for isolation and culture. The laboratory used different detection methods such as DIP, PCR, electron microscope examination and microneutralization assay, to identify and then type the positive specimens. Results:A total of 871 cases were reported during the period from April 18 to July 4,2004. The distribution of onset times presented two peaks, one in late May and another in middle June. The epidemic occurred mainly in the elementary and junior high schools in ten townships of one county, and the mean age of the cases was 12 years (range 7 months to 18 years). The course of the disease was acute, and was characterized by fever accompanied with sore throat and tonsillitis. The WBC count of cases was normal or elevated. The mean duration of illness was 5 days (range 2 to 12 days). No fatalities from illness were reported. A case-control study indicated that the possible risk factors were close contact with a case and/or poultry before onset and sharing of towels among members of the family. The typical CPE was observed through inoculating pharyngeal swab specimens into the HEP-2 cell cultures in different laboratories. An infection of adenovirus type 3 was verified by detecting positive specimens in different methods. Conclusion:This investigation demonstrated that the acute respiratory infection in cases was caused by adenovirus type 3. Cases occurred in over 70 schools in ten townships in 2004, and the route of transmission was possibly close contact with cases or droplet transmission.