应激有关因素与缓解期精神分裂症患者应对方式的相关研究

目的探讨应激有关因素与缓解期精神分裂症患者应对方式的相关性。方法选取142例缓解期精神分裂症患者为研究组,85例正常人为对照组,采用应对方式问卷对研究组和对照组进行评定,对研究组患者单独评定症状自评量表（SCL-90）、领悟社会支持量表（PSSS）、自动思维问卷（ATQ）及艾森克人格问卷（EPQ）。结果研究组解决问题分低于对照组,自责、回避、合理化分高于对照组,成熟应对方式得分明显低于对照组,不成熟应对方式得分明显高于对照组（P〈0.05）。研究组中,ATQ与应付方式问卷中除合理化外各因子均有相关性（P〈0.05）,PSSS量表中的家庭外社会支持和社会支持总分与解决问题、求助、成熟应对方式有相关性（P〈0.05）,SCL-90与所有应对方式因子均有相关性（P〈0.05）,EPQ中的内外向与解决问题、自责、求助、成熟应对方式有相关性（P〈0.01）,神经质与除解决问题外各因子均有相关性（P〈0.01）,精神质与除回避外各因子均有相关性（P〈0.05）,掩饰与所有因子均有相关性（P〈0.05）。多元逐步回归分析结果显示,与成熟应对相关的因子包括内外向、家庭外支持、家庭内支持、精神质,与不成熟应对相关的有ATQ、掩饰因子,与混合型应对方式相关的有SCL-90总分。结论缓解期精神分裂症患者存在不成熟应对方式,其与应激因素相关。     

缓解期精神分裂症患者与正常人性格特征对照研究

本研究采用卡特尔１６种人格因素测量量表对１００例缓解期精神分裂症患者与正常人进行了测量和比较分析，结果发现１６种因素中有９个因素和一个次级因素二者有显著差异。说明精神分裂症患者病前个性有一定的特点，此为超前干预和预防发病提供了依据。     

心理应激因素与精神分裂症近期疗效的关系

目的 为探讨心理应激因素与精神分裂症疗效的 关系。方法 随机抽承有明显心理应激因素和无明显心理应激因素的首次住院的精神分裂症患者各１００例进行对比分析。结果 两组的近期疗效方面，有极显著差异。结论 提示心理应激因素与精神分裂症的发生、转归等密切相关，虽不能视为决定因素，但临床治疗，护理上应给予足够重视。     

应激行为与心理健康——202例精神分裂症与239名正常人应激行为对照分析

作者通过202例精神分裂症与239名正常人应激行为及相应的健康状况对照比较,发现精神分裂症患者有较多心理、社会问题,而且较多采用各种对抗应激方式。不同的对抗应激行为趋向对改善应激冲突的效果不同。进行了应激行为与健康状况的多元回归和两两相关分析,表明就“外射”和“控制、放松”的应激行为特点看,后者更能有效缓解应激冲突的压力。应对方式与健康状况之间有着相互制约、互为因果的复杂关系。     

精神分裂症缓解期的心理治疗

我们对21例有反复发作倾向的精神分裂症患进行了缓解期的心理治疗，并与未接受心理治疗的精神分裂症患17例进行对照，结果发现心理治疗组在心理治疗后缓解期明显延长(P<0．01)，且心理治疗组缓解期明显长于对照组(0．01相似文献   

精神分裂症缓解期的抑郁症状

用双密顿抑郁量表（ＨＡＭＤ）对６９例精神分裂症缓解期病人进行评定，发现２７例ＨＡＭＤ≥１７分。并与４０例原发性抑郁症ＨＡＭＤ总分，各因子分及抑郁症状进行比较，初步认为分裂症缓解期的抑郁症状系患者对心理，社会因素的反应，与抗精神病所致性功能障碍也有一定关系。     

精神分裂症患者家属心理健康状况分析

<正>精神分裂症不仅对患者自身带来严重的身心痛苦,同时患者家属承担较大的负担,精神分裂症患者家属面对突发事件,常出现失眠、茫然、孤独、害怕、恐惧等情绪,部分患者甚至出现羞耻、悲伤、绝望等情绪,影响患者家属的健康[1]。现对我院收治的100例首发精神分裂症患者家属及100例复发精神分裂症患者家属进行研究,报告如下。1资料与方法1.1临床资料随机选取我院2012-06—2014-06收治的     

慢性精神分裂症患者血液流变学指标的变化及其影响因素

目的为探讨慢性精神分裂症患者的血液流变学指标变化及其影响因素。方法采用锥板式粘度计对85例慢性精神分裂症患者(研究组)及80例健康人(对照组)进行血液流变学指标的检测。结果研究组的全血比低切粘度、全血比高切粘度、血浆粘度明显高于对照组,红细胞压积两组无显著性差异。研究组患者的血液流变学指标不随用药品种、剂量及病程变化而变化。结论慢性精神分裂症患者血液流变学指标高于健康人,并呈现稳定的状态,应引起临床医师重视。     

Differences between patients with schizophrenia within and without a high security psychiatric hospital

OBJECTIVE: To report and discuss differences between schizophrenic patients in the community and those in maximum security care. METHOD: Comparison of 193 community schizophrenic patients with 169 in high security care. Data included case notes, interviews and cognitive tests. RESULTS: Compared to high security patients, community patients tended to be female and married. They had higher school achievement, higher premorbid IQ and better occupational levels, were less likely to have a family history of alcohol abuse, to have had police contact and to have attempted suicide. They had more frequent shorter psychiatric admissions and fewer current and lifetime schizophrenic symptoms. Logistic regression models discriminated the groups with considerable accuracy. CONCLUSION: Patients needing high security care may be recognizable when schizophrenia is first diagnosed. Progression to the State Hospital seems to result from schizophrenia together with other factors such as deprivation rather than from a worse schizophrenic process per se.     

Socioeconomic and familial factors in the involuntary hospitalization of patients with schizophrenia

In the catchment area of Matsumoto Public Health Center in Japan, 44 schizophrenic patients admitted between April 1992 and March 1997 under the national policy Involuntary Hospitalization Ordered by Prefectural Governor (IHOPG) were compared with 61 schizophrenic patients admitted under another policy, Hospitalization for Medical Care and Protection (HMCP), during the same period. The socioeconomic and familial factors that led patients to IHOPG were evaluated in detail. The results revealed the following characteristics of IHOPG patients as opposed to HMCP patients: (i) their morbidity was of longer duration; (ii) they were more likely to live in a densely populated area; (iii) they were less likely to be financially self-sufficient; (iv) prior to admission they were more likely than HMCP patients to have avoided psychiatric examination and to have refused to take medication, and most had received no treatment before their hospitalization under IHOPG; (v) their relationships with family members were more likely to be poor; and (vi) the family was less likely to have cooperated with treatment or to have solved the patient's problematic behaviors. This investigation and the ensuing discussion revealed that a patient's schizophrenia-based danger to hurt self or others, which is an essential impetus for admission to IHOPG, does not arise suddenly but rather stems from multiple factors developing over time.     

健康教育对精神分裂症患者的康复作用

目的:探讨健康教育对恢复期精神分裂症患者康复的作用.方法:108例精神分裂症患者随机分成观察组54例和对照组54例,观察组在接受常规治疗护理的同时再接受健康教育,对照组接受常规的护理;在入组及入组后2周、4周给予护士用简明精神病量表(N-BPRS)进行评定.结果:接受健康教育护理的观察组患者N-BPRS总分在观察2周和...     

青海省藏族精神分裂症未治期及影响因素分析

目的探讨藏族精神分裂症患者精神病未治期(duration of untreated psychosis,DUP)的影响因素。方法采用精神分裂症患者精神卫生服务利用调查问卷及精神分裂症首发症状评定量表对188例藏族精神分裂症患者的社会人口学资料、精神疾病家族史、家庭类型、起病形式、医疗付款方式、居住地、自评家庭收入水平、首发症状出现的时间等进行调查,分析DUP影响因素。结果患者DUP呈偏态分布,中位数375 d(QL=4 d,QU=1661 d)。将患者分为短DUP组(DUP≤375 d)90例和长DUP组(DUP375 d)98例,不同DUP组患者的起病形式、婚姻状况、文化程度、家庭类型、居住地的组间差异有统计学意义(P0.05)。DUP影响因素的logistic回归分析显示,结构缺失的家庭(OR=2.340,95%CI:1.130~4.847,P=0.022)、慢性起病(OR=2.136,95%CI:1.172~3.891,P=0.013)、居住在农牧区(OR=2.239,95%CI:1.097~4.571,P=0.027)与长DUP相关联。结论藏族精神分裂症DUP较长,受多种因素影响,主要的危险因素有结构缺失的家庭、慢性起病、居住在农牧区。     

Risk factors for suicide among patients with schizophrenia

In order to assess risk factors for suicide among patients with schizophrenia, we compared 32 patients with schizophrenia who committed suicide during an 11 year follow-up with a control group of 64 schizophrenics who did not commit suicide. A history of previous suicide attempts was the factor most strongly related to suicide. In females we found an increased risk for suicide among unmarried, divorced or widowed and among those living alone. In males we found an increased risk among those with a history of alcohol abuse. In contrast to findings in other studies, distribution of age and sex and a history of depressive episodes were factors not associated with an increased risk for suicide. We conclude that suicidal acts among schizophrenics are often impulsive and difficult to predict. Traditional risk scales are of limited value in the clinical assessment of suicidal risk.     

Effects of polypharmacy on outcome in patients with schizophrenia in routine psychiatric treatment

Längle G, Steinert T, Weiser P, Schepp W, Jaeger S, Pfiffner C, Frasch K, Eschweiler GW, Messer T, Croissant D, Becker T, Kilian R. Effects of polypharmacy on outcome in patients with schizophrenia in routine psychiatric treatment. Objective: Evaluating the effects of different types of psychotropic polypharmacy on clinical outcomes and quality of life (QOL) in 374 patients with schizophrenia and schizoaffective disorder in routine care. Method: Psychotropic regimen, clinical outcomes, and QOL were assessed before discharge and after 6, 12, 18, and 24 months. Data were analyzed by mixed‐effects regression models for longitudinal data controlling for selection bias by means of propensity scores. Results: At baseline 22% of participants received antipsychotic monotherapy (APM) (quetiapine, olanzapine, or risperidone), 20% more than one antipsychotic drug, 16% received antipsychotics combined with antidepressants, 16% antipsychotics plus benzodiazepines, 11.5% had antipsychotics and mood stabilizers, and 16% psychotropic drugs from three or more subclasses. Patients receiving APM had better clinical characteristics and QOL at baseline. Patients receiving i) antipsychotics plus benzodiazepines or ii) antipsychotics plus drugs from at least two additional psychotropic drug categories improved less than patients with APM. Conclusion: Combinations of antipsychotics with other psychotropic drugs seem to be effective in special indications. Nevertheless, combinations with benzodiazepines and with compounds from multiple drug classes should be critically reviewed. It is unclear whether poorer outcomes in patients with such treatment are its result or its cause.