Minimal Fat Renal Angiomyolipoma: The Initial Study with Contrast-Enhanced Ultrasonography

We visualized minimal fat renal angiomyolipomas (AMLs) by contrast-enhanced ultrasonography (CEUS). Conventional ultrasound and CEUS images were retrospectively analyzed for solid minimal fat renal AML cases (n = 18) and solid renal cell carcinoma (RCC) cases (n = 105). We compared size, echogenicity and color flow signals with conventional ultrasound, and enhancement patterns with CEUS, in AMLs vs. RCCs. No significant differences in echogenicity and color flow signal existed between AMLs and RCCs using conventional ultrasound. With CEUS, slow centripetal enhancement in the cortical phase (83.3% of AMLs vs. 1.9% of RCCs) and homogeneous peak enhancement (100.0% of AMLs vs. 34.3% of RCCs) were valuable traits for differentiating these tumor types. These two CEUS-determined traits, combined, were differentiating criteria for minimal fat renal AMLs and RCCs; positive and negative predictive values were 100.0% and 97.2%, respectively. Slow centripetal enhancement in the cortical phase and homogeneous enhancement at peak are main features of CEUS-confirmed solid minimal fat renal AML.     

Characterization and diagnostic confidence of contrast-enhanced ultrasound for solid renal tumors

The objective was to determine whether contrast-enhanced ultrasound (CEUS) could improve the diagnostic confidence of solid renal masses. CEUS examinations were performed on 51 patients with renal tumors. Histologic findings from surgical specimens (n = 24) or magnetic resonance imaging follow-up (n = 27) were used as reference procedures for definitive diagnosis. Diffuse heterogeneous/homogeneous enhancement and quick peripheralnodularenhancement were found to be characteristic patterns in renal cell carcinoma (RCC). Dotlike or diffuse heterogeneous/homogeneous enhancement and slow peripheral nodular enhancement were observed as typical enhancement patterns in angiomyolipoma. The results show that CEUS combined with conventional ultrasound significantly improves diagnostic confidence. The sensitivity for RCC diagnosis with this imaging approach was 86% and the specificity was 93%. Both positive and negative predictive values of detection were 90% and the overall accuracy was 90%.     

超声造影环状高增强征象诊断肾癌的特异性分析

目的 探讨超声造影环状高增强(PHR)征象对于肾常见肿瘤定性诊断的价值.方法 回顾性分析207例肾常见肿瘤(136个肾细胞癌,84个肾错构瘤)患者的超声造影图像,比较PHR在肾癌与肾错构瘤组间以及肾癌不同亚型组间检出率的差异.结果 肾癌组中,PHR的检出率为36.76％(50/136),肾错构瘤组未检出PHR;采用PHR诊断肾癌,其敏感性、特异性、准确性、阳性预测值、阴性预测值、假阳性率及假阴性率分别为36.76％(50/136)、100％(84/84)、60.91％(134/220)、100％(50/50)、49.41％(84/170)、0(0/50)、50.59％(86/170).PHR在肾透明细胞癌、乳头状肾癌、肾嫌色细胞癌及肾集合管癌四种肾癌亚型间检出率分别为31.03％(36/116)、81.82％(9/11)、62.50％(5/8)、0(0/1).结论 超声造影检出的PHR征象可作为诊断肾癌的特异性指标,且对于鉴别肾肿瘤的良恶性及肾癌病理亚型有一定的参考价值.     

Diagnostic efficacy of contrast-enhanced ultrasonography in solid renal parenchymal lesions with maximum diameters of 5 cm.

OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the diagnostic efficacy of contrast-enhanced ultrasonography (CEUS) using a sulfur hexafluoride contrast agent and the cadence contrast pulse sequencing mode in differentiating solid renal parenchymal lesions (SRPLs) with a maximum diameter of 5 cm. METHODS: Seventy-one patients with 72 SRPLs with a maximum diameter of 5 cm underwent conventional ultrasonographic and CEUS examinations in our department. The final diagnoses were 44 renal cell carcinomas (RCCs; confirmed by pathologic examination), 24 renal angiomyolipomas (4 by pathologic examination and 20 by computed tomography, magnetic resonance imaging, and follow-up studies), 1 oncocytoma (by pathologic examination), 2 hypertrophied columns of Bertin, and 1 renal abscess (both by computed tomography, magnetic resonance imaging, and follow-up studies). Three observers who were blinded to other results and the final diagnoses reviewed the conventional ultrasonographic and CEUS images. RESULTS: Hyperenhancement in the late phase (30-90 seconds after agent injection) was the most important finding for predicting SRPLs with a maximum diameter of 5 cm to be RCCs. With this criterion, the specificity and sensitivity for diagnosing solid RCCs (相似文献   

Renal Cell Carcinoma and Renal Angiomyolipoma

Objective. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the usefulness of contrast‐enhanced ultrasonography (CEUS) in differentiating renal cell carcinoma (RCC) from renal angiomyolipoma (RAML). Methods. One hundred nineteen patients with 126 renal lesions (33 RAMLs and 93 RCCs) who had undergone CEUS were retrospectively studied. All of the lesions were histopathologically or clinical proved. Contrast‐enhanced ultrasonography was performed using low–acoustic power modes and a sulfur hexafluoride–filled microbubble contrast agent. The baseline sonograms and CEUS images were retrospectively analyzed in consensus by 2 radiologists. The tumor echogenicity, enhancement patterns, and degree of enhancement at different phases were evaluated. The diagnostic efficacy of CEUS in differentiating the two diseases was computed and compared. Results. On CEUS, the features of wash‐out from hyperenhancement or isoenhancement to hypoenhancement over time (observed in 3.0% of RAMLs and 71.0% of RCCs; P < .001), heterogeneous enhancement (observed in 12.1% of RAMLs and 74.2% of RCCs; P < .001), and an enhanced perilesional rim (observed in 3.0% of RAMLs and 79.6% of RCCs; P < .001) achieved significant difference between RCCs and RAMLs. Early wash‐out and heterogeneous enhancement or peritumoral rim enhancement yielded the highest diagnostic capability in differentiating RCC from RAML. The corresponding sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value, negative predictive value, and accuracy were 88.2% (82 of 93), 97.0% (32 of 33), 98.8% (82 of 83), 74.4% (32 of 43), and 90.5% (114 of 126), respectively. Conclusions. The CEUS features of early wash‐out, heterogeneous enhancement, and an enhanced peritumoral rim highly suggest RCC, whereas homogeneous enhancement and prolonged enhancement are characteristic manifestations of RAML. Contrast‐enhanced ultrasonography is valuable in differentiating RCC from RAML.     

常规超声联合超声造影鉴别诊断乳腺良恶性肿瘤

目的 探讨常规超声(US)、CEUS以及US联合CEUS鉴别诊断乳腺良恶性肿瘤的价值。方法 回顾性分析73例单发乳腺肿块患者的US及CEUS资料。采用多元Logistic回归获得US、CEUS以及US联合CEUS诊断乳腺恶性肿瘤的模型方程,计算3个模型诊断乳腺恶性肿瘤的准确率、敏感度和特异度;绘制ROC曲线,评价3种方法诊断乳腺恶性肿瘤的能力。结果 US诊断乳腺恶性肿瘤的主要指标为病灶周边声晕、蟹足样边界及阻力指数(RI);采用CEUS诊断乳腺恶性肿瘤的主要指标为不均匀增强、增强后径线扩大以及相对峰值强度;US联合CEUS诊断乳腺恶性肿瘤的主要指标为病灶周边声晕、蟹足样边界、RI及不均匀增强。单独运用US和CEUS以及US联合CEUS诊断乳腺恶性肿瘤的准确率、敏感度、特异度分别为88.9%、91.4%、84.2%,87.7%、89.7%、84.6%和92.3%、97.1%、83.3%,ROC曲线下面积分别为0.96、0.90及0.98。结论 US和CEUS鉴别诊断良恶性肿瘤的能力相当,二者联合应用可提高诊断水平。     

Comparative Diagnostic Performance of Contrast-Enhanced ultrasound versus Baseline Ultrasound for Renal Pelvis Lesions

The aim of this study was to assess the relative efficacy of contrast-enhanced ultrasound (CEUS) and baseline ultrasound (B-US) in diagnosing renal pelvic lesions. B-US findings on 58 suspected renal pelvis lesions were examined. The B-US and CEUS results were classified into five grades. Receiver operating characteristic curve analysis was used to compare the diagnostic efficacy of the two imaging modalities. CEUS characteristics of renal pelvis malignancies at different tumor stages and pathologic grades were examined. In the final diagnosis, 29 patients had malignant lesions (27 transitional cell carcinomas, 1 squamous cell carcinoma and 1 renal cell carcinoma) and 29 had benign lesions. On B-US, echogenicity and renal pelvis separation pattern in patients with malignant renal lesions overlapped those of patients with benign lesions. CEUS significantly increased the diagnostic grade of malignant lesions and decreased the grade of benign lesions (p = 0.000). The area under the receiver operating characteristic curve of CEUS was larger than that of B-US (p = 0.030). Enhancement shape and intensity in the wash-in phase markedly differed in lesions of higher tumor stage and higher pathologic grade, compared with lesions of lower stage and grade. In this study, compared with B-US, CEUS had significantly higher diagnostic efficacy in patients with renal pelvis lesions.     

超声造影联合声触诊组织成像定量技术诊断乳腺癌前哨淋巴结

目的 观察超声造影(CEUS)联合声触诊组织成像定量(VTIQ)技术诊断乳腺癌前哨淋巴结(SLN)的价值.方法 对37例经病理确诊乳腺癌患者行乳腺超声造影,追踪显像淋巴管,观察SLN增强模式,评价CEUS对SLN的检出率及定位及定性诊断准确率;采用VTIQ测量CEUS所见SLN的剪切波速度平均值(SWVmean).绘制...     

超声造影增强特征鉴别诊断肾上腺肿瘤良恶性的临床价值

目的 探讨超声造影增强特征对肾上腺肿瘤良恶性的鉴别诊断价值.方法 选取经病理证实的肾上腺肿瘤患者50例(良性29例,恶性21例),均行常规超声及超声造影检查,重点观察并记录肿瘤的超声造影增强特征,包括:增强时相、增强顺序、增强模式、增强程度,并比较其差异.绘制受试者工作特征(ROC)曲线,计算超声造影增强特征诊断肾上腺...     

肾实性肿块边界超声造影特征及其临床意义

目的 探讨肾实性肿块边界的超声造影模式及其诊断价值.方法 回顾分析225例肾实性肿块患者的239个病灶(肾癌组133个病灶,良性组106个病灶)超声造影时肿块边界的增强模式;对比观察133个肾癌病灶的病理切片,记录假包膜是否存在.结果 肾肿块边界的超声造影模式分5型:Ⅰ型,始终为等增强边界,占82.85%(198/239);Ⅱ型,灌注早期出现环状高增强边界,中、晚为等增强边界,占4.18%(10/239);Ⅲ型,持续环状高增强边界,占9.62%(23/239);Ⅳ型,灌注早期为等增强边界,中、晚期出现环状高增强边界,占1.25%(3/239);Ⅴ型,早期周边为造影剂无灌注区,中、晚期造影剂缓慢充填,呈等增强边界,占2.09%(5/239).Ⅰ、Ⅱ、Ⅲ型组间分布的差异有显著统计学意义(P=0.000,0.046,0.000);Ⅳ、Ⅴ型组间分布的差异无显著统计学意义(P=0.256,0.068);环状高增强边界组间的分布差异有显著统计学意义(χ2=29.681,P=0.000).以环状高增强边界作为肾癌的诊断标准,其敏感性26.32%(35/133),特异性99.06%(105/106),阳性预测值97.22%(35/36),阴性预测值51.72%(105/203),准确性58.58%(140/239);肾癌病灶超声造影检出的环状高增强边界与假包膜的关联性无显著统计学意义(P=1.000).结论 肾肿块边界的超声造影模式分5型;环状高增强边界对肾癌的诊断有重要价值;肾癌病灶检出的环状高增强边界与假包膜无显著关联性.

Abstract：

Objective To investigate the characteristic and the value of renal solid lesions' boundary at contrast-enhanced ultrasonography(CEUS). Methods The study included 225 patients (124 males, 101 females) with renal 239 solid lesions [133 renal cell carcinoma(RCC) and 106 benign lesions]. The enhanced mode of lesion boundary at CEUS was observed. The histopathologic pseudocapsule of RCCs was analysed.Results Enhanced modes of all lesions' boundary at CEUS were classified as: type Ⅰ , iso-enhanced boundry in whole phase, 82.85 % (198 of 239) ;type Ⅱ , a perilesional annular highly-enhanced signal at early phase,4.18% (10 of 239);type Ⅲ ,perilesional annular highly-enhanced signal in whole phase,9.62% (23 of 239) ;type Ⅳ, perilesional annular highly-enhanced signal in midium and late phase, 1.25 % (3 of 239) ;type Ⅴ ,iso-enhanced boundry in the mdium and late phase with no enhancment at early phase, 2. 09% (5 of 239). The distribution of types Ⅰ , Ⅱ , Ⅲ between groups were significant different( P=0.000, 0.046,0. 000), the type Ⅳ and Ⅴ was not ( P = 0.256,0.068). The distribution of perilesional annular highlyenhanced signal between benign and RCC groups was statistically different (x2=29. 681, P=0.000).Regared it as a diagnostic criteria of RCC,the sensitivity was 26.32% (35/133) ,the specificity was 99.06%(105/106) ,the positive predictive value was 97.22% (35/36),the negative predictive value was 51.72%(105/203) ,and the accuracy was 58.58% (140/239). The perilesional annular highly-enhanced signal was not correlated with the pseudocapsule in pathology ( P = 1. 000). Conclusions The boundary enhancement mode of renal solid lesions at CEUS was divided into five types. The perilesional annular highly-enhanced signal was important in diagnosis of RCC,which was not correlated with the pseudocapsule in pathology.     

超声引导衰减参数技术在肾占位病变的良恶性鉴别中的应用

目的探究超声引导衰减参数技术（UGAP）在鉴别诊断肾占位良、恶性病变中的临床应用价值。 方法本研究为前瞻性研究,连续纳入2021年6月1日至2021年8月31日因肾占位来解放军总医院第一医学中心泌尿外科住院的患者42例,均行常规超声、超声造影检查及UGAP值测量,根据手术病理结果,分为良性组13例与恶性组29例。单因素对比分析2组之间常规超声、超声造影及UGAP参数的差异,并进行Logistic多因素分析。绘制UGAP值诊断肾恶性占位的受试者工作特征曲线,计算截断值及曲线下面积、诊断敏感度、特异度、准确性、阳性预测值、阴性预测值。 结果单因素分析显示,常规超声参数中肾占位病变内部回声是否均匀恶性组与对照组比较（均匀/不均匀：6/23 vs 7/6）,差异具有统计学意义（P=0.032）,肾占位最大径、回声、边界、形态、血流情况比较,差异均无统计学意义（P均＞0.05）。与对照组比较,恶性组超声造影参数中肾占位早于肾皮质开始增强（27/29 vs 6/13）、高增强（27/29 vs 8/13）、环状增强（25/29 vs 6/13）、无灌注区（24/29 vs 5/13）比例高,UGAP值低［（0.45±0.13）vs（0.64±0.17）］,2组间差异具有统计学意义（χ²=6.606、6.439、5.521、8.241、t=3.807,P=0.010、0.037、0.019、0.004、＜0.001）。多因素分析显示UGAP值（OR=0.260,P=0.017,95%CI：0.086~0.788）及肾占位早于肾皮质增强（OR=0.029,P=0.032,95%CI：0.001~0.728）为恶性肾占位的独立危险因素,以0.545作为UGAP诊断的截断值时,诊断敏感度、特异度、准确性、阳性预测值、阴性预测值、曲线下面积分别为72.41%、69.23%、71.43%、84.00%、52.94%、0.801。 结论UGAP技术在肾占位性病变良恶性的鉴别诊断中有一定临床应用价值。     

Impact of Revision of the LR-M Criteria on the Diagnostic Performance of Contrast-Enhanced Ultrasound LI-RADS

This study was aimed at revising the LI-RADS M category (LR-M) criteria to improve the diagnostic performance categories LR-5 and LR-M of the contrast-enhanced ultrasound (CEUS) Liver Imaging Reporting and Data System (LI-RADS) Version 2017. We enrolled 264 patients (264 nodules) with a risk for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). The nodules were assigned specific CEUS LI-RADS categories. Washout onset times for all nodules were noted. The diagnostic performance of LR-5 and LR-M was analyzed based on the different early washout criterion for the LR-M category. The positive predictive values in LR-5, LR-4 and LR-3 were 98.6%, 72.2% and 16.7%, respectively, and that for non-HCC malignancies in LR-M was 25.0%. Patients in the LR-M category were reclassified using 45 s as the early washout criterion. LR-5 had higher sensitivity (65.5% vs. 76.2%, p = 0.012) and area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (0.80 vs. 0.85, p = 0.001) for HCC diagnosis after reclassification. LR-M also had higher specificity (71.4% vs. 81.3%, p = 0.010) in diagnosing non-HCC malignancies after reclassification. Our findings suggest CEUS LR-5 is effective for HCC diagnosis. The use of 45 s as the time criterion of early washout for LR-M can improve LR-5 and LR-M performance in the diagnosis of HCC and non-HCC malignancies, respectively.     

超声造影在头颈部淋巴结良恶性病变鉴别诊断中的应用

目的分析头颈部淋巴结病变超声造影(CEUS)特点。方法对38例(89枚)头颈部淋巴结肿大患者进行CEUS检查,观察淋巴结的强化分布类型并对其时间-强度曲线进行分析。结果 89枚淋巴结中,穿刺或手术后病理证实33枚(37.1%)为良性淋巴结,56枚(62.9%)为转移性淋巴结。良性淋巴结表现以均匀强化为主(26/33,78.8%,P=0.000),转移性淋巴结以不均匀强化为主(32/56,57.1%,P=0.000)。良性淋巴结时间-强度曲线形态以快退为主(19/33,57.6%,P=0.000),转移性淋巴结以慢退为主(50/56,89.3%,P=0.000)。CEUS鉴别诊断良恶(转移)性淋巴结的敏感度、特异度分别为92.9%、72.7%,常规超声为82.1%、69.7%,两者之间比较差异无统计学意义(P=0.649,P=0.239);两种手段结合应用敏感度、特异度分别为98.2%、84.8%,与常规超声比较,仅敏感度差异具有统计学意义(P=0.011)。结论 CEUS可以对颈部淋巴结进行良恶性鉴别,能够在强化分布、灌注模式(进退方式)方面提供有用的信息,与常规超声结合使用,则可明显提高其诊断的敏感度。     

常规超声与超声造影对宫腔病变的诊断价值

目的探讨常规超声与超声造影对宫腔病变的诊断价值。 方法选取自2018年12月14日至2020年12月10日在北京大学人民医院妇科超声检查室就诊并提示宫腔病变的患者55例。常规二维超声根据宫腔病灶回声、大小及血流信号初步判断病变性质,再于宫腔镜手术前行超声造影检查,以正常宫壁做对照,根据病变区造影剂到达时间、峰值强度及消退时间对病变做出良恶性判断。以病理结果为金标准,分析比较常规超声与超声造影对宫腔病变的诊断效能,以及宫腔良、恶性病变超声造影模式差异。 结果宫腔镜术后病理诊断良性病变36例;恶性病变19例。以术后病理为金标准,常规二维超声诊断病变良恶性的准确性为47.3%,敏感度63.2%、特异度73.7%、阳性预测值70.6%、阴性预测值93.3%;超声造影诊断病变良恶性的准确性为89.1%,敏感度89.5%、特异度88.9%、阳性预测值81.0%、阴性预测值94.1%。常规超声诊断结果与病理诊断不符合的6例患者中,5例超声造影诊断结果与病理相符合。常规二维超声无法明确诊断的23例患者中,20例超声造影诊断结果与病理相符合,超声造影对该23例的诊断敏感度为83.3%（5/6）,特异度为88.2%（15/17）。恶性病变以早增强（84.2%,16/19）、高增强（78.9%,15/19）和早消退（89.5%,17/19）为主,早-高-早及早-高-同造影模式均为恶性病例,占比73.7%（14/19）。良性病变以同步增强及晚增强为主,占94.4%（34/36）,其中晚-低-同模式分布最多,为13例。 结论超声造影可弥补单一采用常规二维超声的不足,二者联合应用可提高宫腔病变诊断准确性。     

肾细胞癌常规超声及超声造影特征

目的 观察肾细胞癌（RCC）及其常见病理亚型的常规超声及超声造影（CEUS）特征。方法 纳入94例RCC（恶性组）及34例肾脏良性病变患者（良性组）,将恶性组分为肾透明细胞癌（ccRCC）亚组（n=74）和肾乳头状细胞癌（pRCC）及肾嫌色细胞癌（cRCC）亚组（n=16）;比较良、恶性组及恶性组2亚组病灶常规超声及CEUS特征。结果 恶性组主要表现为低回声（63/94,67.02%）、快进（84/94,89.36%）、快退（58/94,61.70%）及高增强（68/94,72.34%）,良性组主要表现为高回声（20/34,58.82%）、快进（22/34,64.71%）、慢退（16/34,47.06%）及高增强（15/34,44.12%）;组间病灶回声、CEUS增强方式、消退方式及增强强度差异均有统计学意义（P均<0.05）。恶性组内2亚组病灶增强程度差异具有统计学意义（P<0.05）,ccRCC主要表现为高增强（61/74,82.43%）,pRCC及cRCC主要表现为低增强（10/16,62.50%）。结论 RCC,尤其ccRCC超声多表现为低回声、快进、快退及高增强;常规超声及CEUS对术前诊断RCC有一定价值。     

肾肿瘤的超声造影研究

目的探讨各种不同肾肿瘤的超声造影表现。方法124例肾肿瘤（平均直径3.4cm）,应用超声造影观察肿块回声增强时间和造影剂消退时间（皮质相与延迟相）,观察肿块的假包膜（与二维声像图对比）,所有患者均行手术和病理证实。结果透明细胞癌和乳头状癌98例,移行细胞癌5例,肾盂鳞癌6例,血管平滑肌脂肪瘤7例,肾盂上皮细胞癌1例,肾母细胞瘤5例,嗜酸细胞瘤2例（潜在恶性）。透明细胞癌98中超声造影有58例出现假包膜（58/98,73.3%）,而二维声像图显示假包膜31例（31/98,17%）;造影剂呈快进快退76例,快进慢退11例,慢进慢退7例,肿块局部回声增强4例。而血管平滑肌脂肪瘤回声增强程度明显低于肾细胞癌。结论超声造影有助于鉴别肾肿瘤,有助于显示出肾细胞癌的假包膜。     

造影时间-强度曲线分析在乳腺肿物鉴别诊断的应用

目的 探讨超声造影时间-强度曲线分析在乳腺肿物鉴别诊断的实用价值.方法 176例患者(共181个病灶)在术前1～2 d进行常规超声检查和超声造影检查.动态存贮病灶超声造影图像180 s,以备分析.运用QLAB软件的ROI功能,绘制时间-强度曲线,获得相关指标.结果 181个病灶均经病理确诊,良性病灶121个,恶性病灶60个.对时间-强度曲线的分析,良恶性肿瘤组间,病灶增强达峰差值时间Tp差异有统计学差异,病灶峰值强度,病灶峰值减半差值时间Th 的差异无统计学意义.结论 造影时间-强度曲线对于乳腺良恶性肿瘤的鉴别诊断价值有限.     

常规超声、超声造影及肿瘤标志物联合评分在肺周围型病变良恶性诊断中的价值

目的探讨常规超声、超声造影及肿瘤标志物联合评分在肺周围型病变良恶性鉴别诊断中的应用价值。方法选取我院经穿刺活检或术后病理检查确诊的肺周围型病变患者76例,其中良性30例,恶性46例,比较良、恶性病变常规超声、超声造影及肿瘤标记物单一检查方法评分及三种检查方法联合评分;绘制受试者工作特征(ROC)曲线,计算各评分对应的曲线下面积、截断值、诊断敏感性及特异性,并对其进行比较。结果肺周围型良、恶性病变常规超声、超声造影及肿瘤标记物联合评分分别为(6.90±2.27)分、(11.93±2.29)分,二者比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);ROC曲线显示常规超声、超声造影、肿瘤标记物单一检查方法评分及三种检查方法联合评分的截断值分别为1.5分、6.5分、1.5分及8.5分时,诊断肺周围型恶性病变的曲线下面积分别为0.801、0.887、0.754及0.921,对应的敏感性和特异性分别为89.1%、65.6%,71.7%、93.1%和76.1%、65.5%,95.7%、76.7%,其中三种检查方法联合评分的ROC曲线下面积、诊断敏感性均高于常规超声、超声造影、肿瘤标记物单一检查方法评分。结论常规超声、超声造影及肿瘤标志物联合评分对肺周围型病变良恶性鉴别诊断有较高价值。     

超声造影对肝硬化合并肝内局灶性小病灶的诊断价值

目的 探讨超声造影对肝硬化合并肝内局灶性小病灶（≤3.0 cm）的诊断价值.方法 回顾性分析76例合并87个肝内局灶性小病灶（≤3.0 cm）肝硬化患者的常规超声和超声造影检查资料.将肝内局灶性小病灶分为5类：①确定良性;②可能良性;③不确定良恶性;④可能恶性;⑤确定恶性.将常规超声和超声造影结果与病理学结果进行对照分析,计算常规超声和超声造影的敏感性、特异性及准确性.结果 病理诊断恶性病灶41个,良性病灶46个.超声造影和常规超声对肝硬化合并肝内局灶性小病灶的敏感性、特异性及准确性分别为97.8 %、97.6%、97.7%和47.8%、78.0%、62.1%.结论 超声造影技术对鉴别肝硬化合并肝内局灶性小病灶（≤3.0 cm）较常规超声具有更好的临床应用价值     

超声造影对肝脏局灶性病变的诊断价值

目的评价超声造影对肝脏局灶性病变的诊断与鉴别诊断价值。方法对103个肝脏局灶性病变的常规超声及超声造影特征进行前瞻性研究,采用5分评分法进行良、恶性诊断及ROC曲线分析,比较超声造影前后肝脏局灶性病变的鉴别诊断价值。结果98.2%恶性病灶(56/57)超声造影动脉相表现为弥漫或环状增强,诊断敏感性98.2%,特异性82.6%;延迟相,82.5%(47/57)恶性病灶增强信号廓清,诊断敏感性82.5%,特异性84.8%。良性病灶中17.4%(8/46)动脉相弥漫增强;84.8%(39/46)延迟相持续增强。血管瘤呈向心性增强,诊断敏感性81.8%,特异性100%。局灶性结节性增生动脉相放射状增强,诊断敏感性66.7%,特异性99.0%。根据诊断评分,超声造影诊断肝脏良恶性病变的敏感性为98.2%,特异性为91.3%,高于常规超声诊断;其ROC曲线下面积(0.948)大于常规超声诊断者(0.811,P=0.000)。结论超声造影肝局灶性良恶性病变具有特征性表现,其诊断应用价值高于常规超声。