Stanford B型主动脉夹层腔内修复术后血管重塑分析

目的 探讨Stanford B型主动脉夹层患者经胸主动脉腔内修复术(TEVAR)治疗后血管形态学转归.方法 回顾性分析51例接受TEVAR术治疗的Stanford B型主动脉夹层患者术前及术后临床及影像学资料,分析术后1个月内、1～6个月、6个月后主动脉各段真假腔内径及假腔血栓化情况.结果 TEVAR术后胸主动脉真腔扩大、假腔缩小,与术前比较差异有统计学意义(P＜0.05),腹主动脉管径真腔和假腔变化较术前无统计学差异(P＞0.05),腹部重要分支动脉血供情况较术前有所改善.结论 TEVAR术治疗Stanford B型主动脉夹层患者的近中期效果确切,但仍需要远期随访观察.     

急性Stanford B型主动脉夹层真腔次全闭塞治疗 ——单中心病例系列报道

【摘要】 目的 总结急性Standford B型主动脉夹层（AD）真腔次全闭塞患者的治疗经验。方法 回顾性分析2016年1月至2019年12月湖南省人民医院采用胸主动脉腔内修复术治疗的39例急性B型AD真腔次全闭塞患者临床资料。所有患者均接受主动脉覆膜支架腔内隔绝术,术中根据近端破口位置决定是否同时行左颈动脉或左锁骨下动脉重建修复（含支架开窗、烟囱支架）,远端受累分支血管根据AD真腔开通后具体情况选择保守、支架成形术或血液透析治疗。结果 39例患者共植入主动脉覆膜支架51枚（植入1枚27例, 2枚12例）,同时植入腹主动脉裸支架3枚,肠系膜上动脉支架8枚,髂动脉支架12枚,颈动脉原位开窗或烟囱支架9枚,锁骨下动脉开窗或烟囱支架枚17枚。介入治疗技术成功率为100%。围手术期并发症为肾功能不全15例（38.5%）;5例一侧肾动脉完全假腔供血遂接受覆膜支架开通;中重度肠道缺血表现8例（20.5%）,其中6例接受二次腔内治疗。围手术期死亡率为7.7%（3/39）,死因主要为重度肾功能不全和酸中毒多脏器衰竭。术后随访6～25个月,支架段假腔完全血栓化率为80.6%（25/31）,其中支架段主动脉完全重塑率为68%（17/25）。结论 B型AD真腔次全闭塞一经确诊,建议尽快手术。腔内开通过程需要多种技巧,部分患者两段式支架应用有利于真腔开通,降低假腔压力,促进血管重塑。     

Stanford B型主动脉夹层假腔供血动脉分支对腔内治疗后假腔重塑的影响

【摘要】 目的 探讨胸主动脉腔内修复术（TEVAR）治疗Stanford B型主动脉夹层后,腹主动脉假腔供血动脉分支对远端假腔重塑的影响。 方法 单中心回顾性队列研究2005年8月至2018年8月东南大学附属中大医院采用TEVAR术治疗的56例急性和慢性Stanford B型主动脉夹层患者。通过CTA随访资料观察记录主动脉腹段假腔内血栓形成、腹主动脉内脏分支供血类型。 结果 56例患者腹主动脉分支真腔供血以假腔完全血栓形成和血栓吸收为主。腹主动脉假腔参与分支供血,包括双腔供血、完全假腔供血,假腔以部分血栓形成为主,同时有假腔通畅情况。有假腔参与分支供血合并有更多内膜破口,与假腔血栓形成呈负相关。结论 主动脉夹层TEVAR术后腹主动脉假腔供血可影响假腔血栓形成。假腔供血分支可能是假腔部分血栓形成或通畅的危险因素。     

急性期Stanford B型主动脉夹层患者腔内修复术后主动脉重塑

【摘要】 目的 探讨急性期Stanford B型主动脉夹层（TBAD）胸主动脉腔内修复（TEVAR）术后主动脉重塑及其演变过程。方法 回顾性分析2013年6月至2018年6月单中心诊断为急性期TBAD并行TEVAR治疗的217例患者临床和影像学资料。通过RadiAnt Dicom Viewer工作站进行图像后处理，测量主动脉峡部、肺动脉分叉、膈肌、腹腔干、左肾动脉开口及腹主动脉分叉平面的真腔、假腔直径和总直径，记录假腔血栓化程度。 结果 主动脉峡部、肺动脉分叉平面真腔增大、假腔缩小，差异均有统计学意义（P＜0.05），假腔血栓化率高；膈肌、腹腔干、左肾动脉开口平面真腔增大、假腔缩小，真腔增大差异均有统计学意义（P＜0.05），假腔缩小差异均无统计学意义（P＞0.05），假腔血栓化率较高；腹主动脉分叉平面真腔增大、假腔增大，差异均无统计学意义（P＞0.05），假腔血栓化率低。各平面术后总直径较术前无明显变化，差异均无统计学意义（P＞0.05）。 结论 TEVAR术后胸降主动脉段重塑良好，真腔明显扩张，假腔明显缩小、血栓化率高。腹主动脉段重塑不良，可能与远端破口旷置有关。远端假腔直径和总直径变化不显著提示夹层可能稳定，远端破口暂无需手术处理，但严密影像学随访远端破口尚未处理患者十分重要。     

支架治疗B型主动脉夹层伴右锁骨下动脉血流重建1例

病例男,40岁,因突发胸痛不适14d入院。患者14d前突然出现胸背部疼痛伴气促,外院CT检查发现：胸主夹层动脉瘤。既往高血压病史3年,规律口服降压药物维持。入院查体未见阳性体征,胸片、心电图及化验检查正常,CTA检查提示：主动脉-左髂外动脉夹层形成,夹层起始部位于左锁骨下动脉左侧约1．5cm处,动脉真腔狭窄,右锁骨下动脉变异迷走,     

右位主动脉弓伴DeBakey Ⅲ型主动脉夹层的腔内修复治疗一例

患者男,65岁,突发性胸痛5 d,加重8 h,于2008年2月19日急诊入院.入院体检:血压147/70 mm Hg(1mm Hg=1.333 kPa).CTA示主动脉夹层动脉瘤,病变起始于主动脉弓降部,止于左肾动脉下方15 mm;右位主动脉弓及胸主动脉,主动脉弓分支由近心端向远心端依次为左颈总Kommerell憩窜的迷走左锁骨下动脉,腹腔干、肠系膜上动脉、右肾动脉开口于腹主动脉真腔,左肾动脉骑跨于腹主动脉真假腔,降主动脉夹层动脉瘤最大径92.2 mm,两侧胸腔少量胸水     

电子束CT在腔内隔绝术治疗B型胸主动脉夹层的临床应用价值

目的：探计电子束CT(EBCT)在腔内隔绝术(EVGE)治疗胸主动脉夹层中的临床应用价值。方法：5例胸主动脉B型夹层，术前术后均经电子来CT血管造影(EBA)，采用连续客积增强扫描模式。术前测量内膜片破口距左锁舍下动脉的距离、瘤体近端正常主动脉弓最大直径、升主动脉直径和瘤体最大直径；术后测量真腔及腹主动脉直径、观察假腔内血肿情况，并与术前对照。三维重建方法主要采用最大密度投影法(MIP)、曲面重建法(CPR)及容积再现法(VRT)。结果：根据测量数据选定的移植物规格、型号，经手术证实符合要求；术后随访可见支架均放置于真腔内，真腔扩大；假腔缩小，并有血栓形成。结论：电子来CT增强扫描图像可获得精确的术前评估参数及进行无创的术后随访，较其它影像学方法更具临床应用价值。     

左锁骨下动脉烟囱技术在Stanford B型胸主动脉夹层腔内修复术中的应用

目的探讨左锁骨下动脉烟囱技术在Stanford B型主动脉夹层腔内修复术(EVAR)中的意义和技术要点。 方法回顾性分析35例临床和影像学确诊的Stanford B型主动脉夹层,且主动脉撕裂累及到左锁骨下动脉的患者,以CTA作为术前评估方法,术中覆膜支架覆盖左锁骨下动脉,以球囊扩张支架对左锁骨下动脉进行介入再通。 结果35例胸主动脉覆膜支架和左锁骨下动脉球囊扩张支架均放置成功,术后随访3～24个月,35例左锁骨下动脉烟囱支架通畅率100%。 结论Stanford B型胸主动脉夹层的EVAR治疗时,覆膜支架的近侧锚定区选择在正常的主动脉壁,可以降低继发医源性夹层的发生;覆盖左锁骨下动脉后采用烟囱技术可有效预防"盗血综合征"的发生,其技术简捷、安全。     

双源CT心血管成像诊断右位主动脉弓并双降主动脉畸形1例

男,5岁,因生后反复发作肺部感染就诊于当地医院.体检、实验室检查未发现阳性体征.胸片提示存在心血管畸形可能.进一步行心脏超声检查,提示降主动脉狭窄可能.为明确诊断就诊于本院,行双源CT心血管成像(CTA)检查,检查显示:主动脉弓部位于脊柱右侧,延续为降主动脉后,沿脊柱右侧下行,至膈肌水平与另一沿脊柱左侧下行血管(左侧降主动脉)汇合后,穿过膈肌延续为腹主动脉(图1,2).脊柱右侧降主动脉管腔迂曲,脊柱左侧降主动脉管腔较纤细,近心端为盲端(图3).左侧锁骨下动脉起自左侧降主动脉,左侧颈总动脉、右侧颈总动脉及右侧锁骨下动脉依次自右位主动脉弓发出.CTA诊断:右位主动脉弓合并双降主动脉畸形.     

Stanford B型胸主动脉夹层动脉瘤合并肾缺血的诊治(附3例报告)

为探讨合并肾缺血的StanfordB型胸主动脉夹层动脉瘤的诊断和处理 ,分析 1996年 1月至 2 0 0 0年 4月收治的StanfordB型胸主动脉夹层动脉瘤 2 9例 ,其中合并肾缺血 3例 ,为急性期 2例 ,慢性期 1例。急性期 1例发病后第 3天死亡 ,另 1例同时合并肾缺血和双下肢缺血 ,经夹层隔膜开窗术缓解 ;慢性期 1例经腔内隔绝术治愈夹层后肾缺血自行缓解。提示合并肾缺血的StanfordB型胸主动脉夹层动脉姑息性转流手术有助于缓解症状 ,提高生存率 ;对于慢性StanfordB型胸主动脉夹层动脉瘤合并肾缺血的患者 ,腔内隔绝术在治愈夹层动脉瘤的同时恢复了真腔供血 ,肾缺血可同时治愈     

Knee injury and Osteoarthritis Outcome Score (KOOS) - validation of a Swedish version

The Knee injury and Osteoarthritis Outcome Score (KOOS) is a self-administered instrument measuring outcome after knee injury at impairment, disability, and handicap level in five subscales. Reliability, validity, and responsiveness of a Swedish version was assessed in 142 patients who underwent arthroscopy because of injury to the menisci, anterior cruciate ligament, or cartilage of the knee. The clinimetric properties were found to be good and comparable to the American version of the KOOS. Comparison to the Short Form-36 and the Lysholm knee scoring scale revealed expected correlations and construct validity. Item by item, symptoms and functional limitations were compared between diagnostic groups. High responsiveness was found three months after arthroscopic partial meniscectomy for all subscales but Activities of Daily Living.     

Endovascular management of carotid-cavernous fistulas

Objective To investigate endovascular treatment of traumatic direct carotid-cavernous fistulas （CCF） and their complications such as pseudoaneurysms. Methods： Over a five-year period, 22 patients with traumatic direct CCFs were treated endovascularly in our institution. Thirteen patients were treated once with the result of CCF occluded, 8 twice and 1 three times. Treatment modalities included balloon occlusion of the CCF, sacrifice of the ipsilateral internal carotid artery with detachable balloon, coll embolization of the cavernous sinus and secondary pseudoaneurysms, and covered-stem management of the pseudoaneurysms. Results All the direct CCFs were successfully managed endovascularly. Four patients developed a pseudoaneurysm after the occlusion of the CCF with an incidence of pseudoaneurysm formation of 18.2% （4/22）. A total number of 8 patients experienced permanent occlusion of the ICA with a rate of ICA occlusion reaching 36.4% （8/22）. Followed up through telephone consultation from 6 months to 5 years, all did well with no recurrence of CCF symptoms and signs. Conclusion Traumatic direct CCFs can be successfully managed with endovascular means. The pseudoaneurysms secondary to the occlusion of the CCFs can be occluded with stent-assisted coiling and implantation of covered stents.     

The acutely limping child

Acute limping may be the result of multiple pathologies in children. The differential diagnosis varies based on the age of the child. Irrespective of age, the initial imaging work-up includes AP and frog leg radiographs of the pelvis and ultrasound; MRI may sometimes be helpful. In children less than 3 years, infections and trauma are most frequent. MRI is the imaging modality of choice when osteomyelitis is clinically suspected. Between the ages of 3 and 10 years, transient synovitis of the hip and Legg-Calvé-Perthes disease are main considerations but infection, inflammation and focal bony lesions are also considered. In children over 10 years, slipped capital femoral epiphysis also is considered.     

Do Balance Board Training Programs Reduce the Risk of Ankle Sprains in Athletes?

Introduction Ankle sprains are the most common musculo-skeletal injury that occurs in athletes,particularly in sports that require jumping and landing on one foot such as soccer,and basketball(1-4).These injuries often result in significant time loss from participation,long-term disability,and have a major impact on health care costs and resources(5-8).     

High Intensity Interval Training:New Insights

KEY POINTS ·High-intensity interval training(HIT)is characterized by repeated sessions of relatively brief，intermittent exercise.often performed with an“a11 out”effort or at an intensity close to that which elicits peak oxygen uptake(i.e.，≥90%of VO2 peak).     

Developmental validation of the PowerPlex(®) ESI 16 and PowerPlex(®) ESI 17 Systems: STR multiplexes for the new European standard

In response to the ENFSI and EDNAP groups’ call for new STR multiplexes for Europe, Promega^® developed a suite of four new DNA profiling kits. This paper describes the developmental validation study performed on the PowerPlex^® ESI 16 (European Standard Investigator 16) and the PowerPlex^® ESI 17 Systems. The PowerPlex^® ESI 16 System combines the 11 loci compatible with the UK National DNA Database^®, contained within the AmpFlSTR^® SGM Plus^® PCR Amplification Kit, with five additional loci: D2S441, D10S1248, D22S1045, D1S1656 and D12S391. The multiplex was designed to reduce the amplicon size of the loci found in the AmpFlSTR^® SGM Plus^® kit. This design facilitates increased robustness and amplification success for the loci used in the national DNA databases created in many countries, when analyzing degraded DNA samples. The PowerPlex^® ESI 17 System amplifies the same loci as the PowerPlex^® ESI 16 System, but with the addition of a primer pair for the SE33 locus. Tests were designed to address the developmental validation guidelines issued by the Scientific Working Group on DNA Analysis Methods (SWGDAM), and those of the DNA Advisory Board (DAB). Samples processed include DNA mixtures, PCR reactions spiked with inhibitors, a sensitivity series, and 306 United Kingdom donor samples to determine concordance with data generated with the AmpFlSTR^® SGM Plus^® kit. Allele frequencies from 242 white Caucasian samples collected in the United Kingdom are also presented. The PowerPlex^® ESI 16 and ESI 17 Systems are robust and sensitive tools, suitable for the analysis of forensic DNA samples. Full profiles were routinely observed with 62.5 pg of a fully heterozygous single source DNA template. This high level of sensitivity was found to impact on mixture analyses, where 54–86% of unique minor contributor alleles were routinely observed in a 1:19 mixture ratio. Improved sensitivity combined with the robustness afforded by smaller amplicons has substantially improved the quantity of data obtained from degraded samples, and the improved chemistry confers exceptional tolerance to high levels of laboratory prepared inhibitors.