血管抑制素对胃癌生长和转移抑制作用的实验研究

 目的　研究血管抑素对胃癌生长和转移的抑制作用。方法　建立人胃癌裸鼠原位种植转移模型。结果　治疗组肿瘤体积、MVD明显低于对照组 (P <0 .0 5 ) ;治疗组抑瘤率、AI明显高于对照组 (P <0 .0 5 )。胃癌转移受到明显抑制 (P <0 .0 5 ) ,且与血管抑素剂量呈正相关。结论　血管抑素通过抑制血管生成 ,诱导胃癌细胞凋亡 ,对体内胃癌的生长和转移起强烈的抑制作用     

重组人血管内皮抑素联合紫杉醇对裸鼠MKN-45胃癌抗肿瘤效应的实验研究

目的探讨重组人血管内皮抑素联合紫杉醇对裸鼠原位移植人胃癌抗肿瘤效应及作用机制,为进一步的临床研究提供理论依据。方法采用人胃癌细胞株MKN-45完整组织块作裸鼠原位移植,建立裸鼠胃癌模型,种植后从体表可以触及肿瘤,将32只人胃癌原位种植的裸鼠随机分为重组人血管内皮抑素组(重组人血管内皮抑素15 mg/kg),单一化疗组(选用紫杉醇20 mg/kg),联合用药组(重组人血管内皮抑素15 mg/kg+紫杉醇20 mg/kg)及对照组(等体积生理盐水)4组。给药后取肿瘤组织,测量原位肿瘤重量,计算抑瘤率、肿瘤细胞凋亡、肿瘤微血管密度(MVD)以及血清血管内皮细胞生长因子(VEGF)和碱性成纤维细胞生长因子(bFGF)的表达,观察肿瘤细胞腹膜、肝、其他脏器转移及腹水情况。结果联合用药组瘤重、血清VEGF和bFGF、MVD等较单一化疗组及对照组明显降低(P0.01或P0.05),凋亡指数较单一化疗组明显增高(P0.01或P0.05)。结论重组人血管内皮抑素联合紫杉醇能明显抑制裸鼠原位移植人胃癌的生长和转移,显示出较好的协同抗肿瘤作用。     

醋酸甲羟孕酮对卵巢癌裸鼠移植瘤的抗血管生成作用

目的 观察醋酸甲羟孕酮(MPA)对人卵巢癌裸鼠移植瘤内血管生成及肿瘤细胞的抑制作用。方法 将人卵巢癌COC1细胞制成裸鼠移植瘤模型,肿瘤形成后,将30只裸鼠随机分成对照组和2个治疗组,每组各10只。2个治疗组分别皮下注射MPA 60 mg/kg、120mg/kg,2次/周,共4周,对照组注射相同体积生理盐水。测定抑瘤率,用Ⅷ因子多克隆抗原抗体测定肿瘤内微血管密度(MVD),用光学显微镜和透射电子显微镜进行形态学观察。结果 MPA对人卵巢癌裸鼠移植瘤的抑瘤率和新生微血管的抑制作用呈明显的剂量依赖关系。MPA剂量60 mg/kg治疗组,抑瘤率为23.8％;120 mg/kg治疗组,抑瘤率为43.8％。对照组MVD为5.14±0.74;MPA 60 mg/kg治疗组为3.64±0.02,120 mg/kg治疗组为2.11±0.12,与对照组比较,差异有显著性(P<0.05,P<0.01)。两个治疗组间,差异亦有极显著性(P<0.01)。实验组可见大量的凋亡细胞、凋亡小体及变性坏死,而对照组少见。结论 MPA对人卵巢癌COC1细胞裸鼠移植瘤内的肿瘤细胞及新生微血管具有明显抑制作用,并呈现剂量-效应关系。其对肿瘤细胞的作用,可能是抑制和破坏了肿瘤区新生血管的生长,阻断血供所产生的结果,而不是直接对肿瘤细胞的作用。     

血管生成抑制剂TNP-470抑制肝癌生长和转移的实验研究

目的　研究血管生成抑制剂TNP 470对肝细胞癌生长和转移的抑制作用。方法　把高转移人肝癌模型(LCI D2 0 )的肿瘤组织小块种植于裸鼠皮下 ,将 2 4只裸鼠随机分成对照组、治疗组。第 2天起分别给予溶剂 ( 3%酒精 )、TNP 470 ( 30mg kg)隔天皮下注射 ,共 8次。 结果　对照组、治疗组皮下瘤重分别为 ( 2 0 4± 0 34)g、( 0 98± 0 34) g(P<0 0 0 1) ;两组AFP分别为 ( 76 8 6± 2 82 3) μg L ,( 93 4±5 8 6 ) μg L (P <0 0 0 1) ,两组肺转移率分为5 0 % ( 6 12 )、8 3 % ( 1 12 ) (P <0 0 5 )。结论　血管生成抑制剂TNP 470能显著抑制肝细胞癌的生长和转移     

NM-3联合卡铂抑制胃癌生长的实验研究

目的:探讨血管生成抑制剂NM-3联合卡铂对裸鼠皮下种植胃癌细胞生长的影响及可能机制。方法:40只皮下种植人胃腺癌SGC-7901裸小鼠分成生理盐水对照组(2ml/kg)、卡铂治疗组(5mg/kg)、NM-3治疗组(20mg/kg)及联合治疗组(NM-320mg/kg和卡铂5mg/kg),腹腔注射,每周2次。6周后处死动物,取完整肿瘤组织,测量肿瘤体积,计算抑瘤率;常规染色检测胃癌细胞凋亡指数(AI)以及免疫组化染色记数微血管密度(MVD)。结果:(1)生理盐水组、卡铂组、NM-3组及联合组肿瘤体积(mm3)分别为1609.55±41.32、1375.17±38.75、871.26±38.84和548.32±66.02,NM-3组及联合组肿瘤体积均显著小于生理盐水组、卡铂组(P<0.05),且联合组肿瘤体积显著小于NM-3组(P<0.05);卡铂组、NM-3组及联合组抑瘤率分别为14.56%、45.87%、65.93%,联合治疗对裸鼠皮下胃癌生长的抑制作用明显优于各单药治疗。(2)生理盐水组、卡铂组、NM-3组和联合组的MVD计数分别为7.30±0.53、6.98±0.45、4.72±0.51和4.80±0.39,NM-3组及联合组的MVD较卡铂组和生理盐水组明显减少(P<0.05),而卡铂组和生理盐水组之间、NM-3组和联合组之间MVD无差异(P>0.05)。(3)生理盐水组、卡铂组、NM-3组和联合组的胃癌细胞凋亡指数(AI)分别为(2.12±0.29)%、(2.47±0.31)%、(10.43±3.15)%和(12.63±3.75)%,NM-3组及联合组AI均显著高于生理盐水对照组及卡铂组(P<0.05),而生理盐水组和卡铂组、NM-3组以及联合组之间无差异(P>0.05)。结论:血管生成抑制剂NM-3能减少胃癌微血管生成,诱导胃癌细胞凋亡,抑制肿瘤生长,并且能够增强传统细胞毒药物卡铂抗胃癌作用。     

血管生成抑制素抑制胃癌浸润转移的研究

从人血浆中分离出血管生成抑制素(Angiostatin),并以此进行胃癌转移模型治疗试验,以探讨血管生成抑制素抑制胃癌浸润转移的作用.以Sepharose亲和层析柱从血浆成分中分离出纤溶酶原,再用弹性蛋白酶酶切,经Sepharos 4B-Lysine亲和层析柱分离出血管生成抑制素.以完整组织块裸鼠胃壁内原位种植建立胃癌转移模型,肿瘤种植当天给实验动物24μg(1.2mg/kg)血管生成抑制素腹腔内注射,以后每天给以12μg(0.6mg/kg);以相同剂量的纤溶酶原腹腔内注射作为对照,相同体积的生理盐水腹腔内注射作为空白对照;治疗共进行3周,肿瘤种植后10周处死实验动物,测量肿瘤体积,观察转移情况,免疫组化法检测肿瘤微血管密度.结果:     

不同剂量贝伐单抗联合伊立替康对荷人结肠癌DLD-1裸鼠皮下移植瘤生长的影响

[目的]观察不同剂量贝伐单抗与伊立替康联合对人结肠癌裸鼠皮下移植瘤生长及肿瘤血管生成的影响。[方法]接种人结肠癌DLD-1细胞的裸鼠21只,随机分为4组:无菌生理盐水对照组(A组),5mg/kg贝伐单抗联合伊立替康化疗组(B组),10mg/kg贝伐单抗联合伊立替康化疗组(C组)和单纯伊立替康化疗组(D组)(A、B、C组每组各5只,D组6只,各组伊立替康剂量均为66.7mg/kg)。于d1,5,9(q4d×3)分别给药,治疗第10d处死裸鼠,观察肿瘤生长情况,计算抑瘤率,免疫组化法检测肿瘤组织微血管密度(MVD),评价肿瘤坏死情况。[结果]A、B、C、D组肿瘤体积分别为:646.24±397.33mm3、240.11±147.44mm3、346.21±298.59mm3、399.11±254.09mm3。B、C两组比较,肿瘤体积差异未达统计学意义(P=0.208)。与A组比较,B、C、D组抑瘤率分别为62.85%、47.91%、39.59%。A、B、C、D各组微血管密度(microvesseldensity,MVD)分别为7.000±0.71、4.940±0.58、5.080±1.25、5.557±2.04,经Dunnett检验,与A组比,B、C组肿瘤MVD均有显著性差异(P值分别为0.028、0.039),而D组与A组,及B组与C组在MVD表达上差异未达到统计学意义(P值分别为0.086、0.083)。移植瘤组织HE染色后发现各组肿瘤组织内均有不同程度的坏死。其中,对照组多以轻中度坏死为主,用药后坏死面积均增加,各组坏死分级经秩和检验,χ2=4.73,P=0.193。两两间比较,P值均大于0.05,各治疗组间的坏死差异并不明显。治疗组肿瘤细胞的凋亡较明显。[结论]不同剂量贝伐单抗联合伊立替康对荷DLD-1裸鼠移植瘤有抑制作用,联合用药有显著协同作用,推测其作用机制可能与抑制肿瘤微血管形成、诱导细胞凋亡和死亡增加有关。5mg/kg及10mg/kg贝伐单抗对移植瘤体积及MVD上的作用差异不显著。     

Avastin对胃癌裸鼠原位移植模型血管生成的影响

背景与目的:血管内皮生长因子(vascularendothelialgrowthfactor,VEGF)和肿瘤的生长和转移密切相关,本实验通过VEGF单克隆抗体Avastin联合或不联合氟尿嘧啶(5-fluorouracil,5-FU),对人类胃癌裸鼠原位种植模型的肿瘤生长和转移进行干预治疗,从而探讨Avastin对胃癌生长、转移和血管生成的抑制作用。方法:应用原位移植方法建立裸鼠胃癌转移模型,术后10天将裸鼠随机分为4组:对照组、5-FU单药组、Avastin单药组和联合用药组。经过6周的治疗,对裸鼠原位肿瘤的瘤重、抑瘤率、肿瘤微血管密度、凋亡指数以及肝脏转移灶进行检测和分析。结果:和对照组相比,5-FU单药组、Avastin单药组和联合用药组原位移植肿瘤重量明显降低,抑瘤率分别为37.52%,58.76%和98.51%。微血管密度Avastin单药组和联合用药组均比对照组明显减少(8.40±1.26和7.20±1.23vs15.30±1.06),而5-FU组与对照组之间没有显著的差别;Avastin单药组和联合用药组的凋亡指数比对照组明显升高[(11.50±1.58)%和(13.60±1.35)%vs(4.70±1.70)%]。联合应用Avastin和5-FU对肝脏转移灶具有明显的抑制作用,而其他3组的抑制肝转移效果没有明显的差别。结论:抗VEGF抗体Avastin通过抑制肿瘤新生血管的生成而诱导胃癌细胞凋亡,进而显著抑制裸鼠原位肿瘤的生长。联合应用Avastin和5-FU不仅对原位肿瘤的生长抑制最为明显,而且对肝脏转移有显著的抑制作用。因此,联合应用Avastin和传统的细胞毒化疗药物对胃癌的治疗效果更显著。     

塞来昔布抑制裸鼠乳腺癌骨转移实验研究

目的探讨塞来昔布(西乐葆)作为血管抑制剂对乳腺癌骨转移的形成及生长的影响。方法建立裸鼠乳腺癌骨转移模型。将12只乳腺癌骨转移裸鼠随机分成两组,对照组隔日腹腔注射生理盐水;西乐葆组隔日腹腔注射西乐葆30mg/kg;30天后处死。检测血清碱性磷酸酶,采用免疫组化和图像分析系统测定血管内皮生长因子(VEGF)和肿瘤微血管密度(MVD),光镜下观察各组肿瘤组织,流式细胞仪检测肿瘤细胞的凋亡。结果西乐葆组肿瘤生长明显受到抑制,肿瘤组织中的VEGF和MVD与对照组比较显著降低,抑瘤率为50.5%,凋亡指数上升,血清碱性磷酸酶下降。结论西乐葆能明显抑制裸鼠乳腺癌骨转移瘤的形成及新生血管形成。     

反义肝素酶cDNA对裸鼠人胰腺癌移植瘤生长和血管生成的抑制作用

目的研究反义肝素酶cDNA对裸鼠人胰腺癌SW1990细胞移植瘤生长和血管生成的抑制作用。方法将反义肝素酶cDNA转染成功的人胰腺癌SW1990细胞注射于裸鼠皮下建立移植瘤模型。观察移植瘤生长曲线、抑瘤率,以免疫组化方法检测移植瘤肝素酶表达和肿瘤微血管密度,比较反义组、空载体组和空白对照组的差异。结果反义组成瘤时间晚,瘤体大小较对照组小,t=4.11,P=0.00,抑瘤率在第6周时达64.2%。反义组、空载组和空白组移植瘤的免疫组化染色评分(IHS)分别为3.8±1.2、9.5±2.3和10.2±2.0,反义组与对照组比较,IHS明显降低,t=6.72,P=0.00。MVD计数分别为18.6±2.2,33.3±5.3和34.9±3.2条,与对照组比较,MVD明显降低t=10.28,P=0.00。结论反义肝素酶cDNA抑制裸鼠人胰腺癌移植瘤生长和血管生成,有希望成为一种有效的胰腺癌基因治疗方法。     

Therapy of hematogenous melanoma brain metastases with endostatin.

PURPOSE: Cerebral metastases represent the most common type of brain tumors. This study investigated the effects of endogenous endostatin on hematogenous cerebral melanoma metastases. EXPERIMENTAL DESIGN: Murine K1735 melanoma cells were transfected with the mouse endostatin cDNA. Experimental tumors were induced either by s.c. injection, intracerebral implantation, or via injection into the internal carotid artery to simulate hematogenous metastatic spread. The effects of endostatin expression on tumor incidence, growth pattern, and vascularity were analyzed. RESULTS: In vitro secretion of endostatin by 2.5 x 10(5) cells within 24 hours was 0.12 +/- 0.03 ng, 4.35 +/- 0.4, and 1.18 +/- 0.7 ng/mL for wild type and two endostatin-transfected K1735 clones termed K1735-endo/2 and K1735-endo/8, respectively. Tumor inhibition in vivo correlated with endogenous endostatin production. Within 25 days, growth of s.c. K1735-endo/2 tumors was <20% compared with wild-type controls. Following intracerebral implantation the average survival time of mice was 27.8 +/- 2.6 versus 13.3 +/- 3.7 days in the K1735-endo/2 versus the wild-type group, respectively. Intracarotid injection of 1 x 10(5) wild-type cells killed the mice within 24 +/- 1.8 days. In contrast, endostatin expression prevented macroscopic metastatic tumor growth in 11 of 12 mice, although viable microscopic tumor pockets were detectable in all animals. CONCLUSION: Endostatin inhibits tumor progression of multiple cerebral metastases in vivo. Hematogenous micrometastases are more efficiently suppressed than tumors resulting from high focal cell numbers which may be due to a higher angiogenic signaling exerted by massive cell deposits. Endostatin may prevent solid tumor growth more effectively by inhibition of early angiogenesis.     

血管生成抑制剂YH-16抑制结肠癌肝转移的研究

背景与目的:YH-16是新合成的重组人血管内皮抑制素,Ⅱ期临床试验已证实YH-16联合化疗治疗晚期非小细胞肺癌具有协同作用。本文探讨血管生成抑制剂YH-16对结肠癌肝转移的抑制作用。方法:MTT法测定血管生成抑制剂YH-16对血管内皮细胞和结肠癌CT26细胞的IC50;经小鼠脾脏下极包膜下注入CT26细胞建立结肠癌肝转移模型,60只小鼠随机分为对照组、低剂量YH-16组、中剂量YH-16组、高剂量YH-16组,YH-16剂量分别为0mg/kg、0.40mg/kg、0.75mg/kg和1.50mg/kg,术后2周观察各组小鼠肝转移情况,采用免疫组化方法检测肝转移瘤组织中血管内皮生长因子(vascularendothelialgrowthfactor,VEGF)的表达和肿瘤微血管密度(microvesseldensity,MVD)。结果:(1)YH-16对结肠癌CT26细胞和血管内皮细胞的IC50分别为(2.16±0.28)μg/ml和(0.64±0.10)μg/ml,前者是后者的3.38倍;(2)对照组,低、中、高剂量YH-16组肝转移率分别为100.0%、92.3%、80.0%和73.3%。高剂量YH-16组肝转移瘤数目明显低于对照组、低剂量YH-16组和中剂量YH-16组(P值均<0.05);(3)对照组,低、中、高剂量YH-16组脾脏肿瘤体积的中位数分别为1.180cm3、1.201cm3、0.887cm3和0.781cm3,四组比较无显著性差异(P>0.05);(4)YH-16各剂量组肝转移瘤组织中VEGF的表达较对照组无明显降低,四组肝转移瘤的MVD分别为65.00±9.58、58.15±8.81、51.60±7.10和44.53±11.47,中、高剂量YH-16组的MVD计数较对照组明显降低,高剂量YH-16组MVD计数较中剂量和低剂量YH-16组明显降低(P值均<0.05)。结论:血管生成抑制剂YH-16可以明显抑制结肠癌肝转移。     

Intratumoral administration of endostatin plasmid inhibits vascular growth and perfusion in MCa-4 murine mammary carcinomas

Endostatin, a fragment of the COOH-terminal domain of mouse collagen XVIII is a recently demonstrated endogenous inhibitor of tumor angiogenesis and endothelial cell growth. Antiangiogenic therapy with endostatin in animals requires multiple and prolonged administration of the protein. Gene therapy could provide an alternative approach to continuous local delivery of this antiangiogenic factor in vivo. Established MCa-4 murine mammary carcinomas, grown in immunodeficient mice, were treated with intratumoral injection of endostatin plasmid at 7-day intervals. At the time of sacrifice, 14 days after the first injection, endostatin-treated tumor weights were 51% of controls (P < 0.01). Tumor growth inhibition was accompanied by a marked reduction in total vascular density. Specifically, computerized image analysis showed a 18-21% increase in the median distances between tumor cells and both the nearest anatomical (CD31-stained) vessel [48.1 +/- 3.8 versus 38.3 +/- 1.6 microm (P < 0.05)] and the nearest tumor-specific (CD105-stained) vessel [48.5 +/- 1.5 versus 39.8 +/- 1.5 microm (P < 0.01)]. An increased apoptotic index of tumor cells in endostatin-treated tumors [3.2 +/- 0.5% versus 1.9 +/- 0.3% (P < 0.05)] was observed in conjunction with a significant decrease in tumor perfused vessels (DiOC7 staining), and an increase in tumor cell hypoxia (EF5 staining). Hypoxia resulting from endostatin therapy most likely caused a compensatory increase of in situ vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and VEGF receptor mRNA expression. Increased immunoreactivity of endostatin staining in endostatin-treated tumors was also associated with an increased thrombospondin-1 staining [1.12 +/- 0.16 versus 2.44 +/- 0.35]. Our data suggest that intratumoral delivery of the endostatin gene efficiently suppresses murine mammary carcinoma growth and support the potential utility of the endostatin gene for cancer therapy.     

A gene transfer comparative study of HSA-conjugated antiangiogenic factors in a transgenic mouse model of metastatic ocular cancer

Different antiangiogenic and antimetastatic recombinant adenoviruses were tested in a transgenic mouse model of metastatic ocular cancer (TRP1/SV40 Tag transgenic mice), which is a highly aggressive tumor, developed from the pigmented epithelium of the retina. These vectors, encoding amino-terminal fragments of urokinase plasminogen activator (ATF), angiostatin Kringles (K1-3), endostatin (ES) and canstatin (Can) coupled to human serum albumin (HSA) were injected to assess their metastatic and antiangiogenic activities in our model. Compared to AdCO1 control group, AdATF-HSA did not significantly reduce metastatic growth. In contrast, mice treated with AdK1-3-HSA, AdES-HSA and AdCan-HSA displayed significantly smaller metastases (1.19+/-1.19, 0.87+/-1.5, 0.43+/-0.56 vs controls 4.04+/-5.12 mm3). Moreover, a stronger inhibition of metastatic growth was obtained with AdCan-HSA than with AdK1-3-HSA (P=0.04). Median survival was improved by 4 weeks. A close correlation was observed between the effects of these viruses on metastatic growth and their capacity to inhibit tumor angiogenesis. Our study indicates that systemic antiangiogenic factors production by recombinant adenoviruses, particularly Can, might represent an effective way of delaying metastatic growth via inhibition of angiogenesis.     

Contribution of angiogenesis to the progression of colon cancer: possible inhibitory effect of angiogenesis inhibitor TNP-470 on tumor growth and hepatic metastasis

The contribution of angiogenesis to tumor growth and hepatic metastasis of colorectal cancer was investigated by means of immunohistochemical study and in vitro and in vivo experiments. Colorectal cancer specimens from 30 patients with hepatic metastasis and 39 patients without hepatic metastasis were studied by staining with antibodies against factor VIII-related antigen. Microvessel count in patients with liver metastasis was significantly higher than in those without liver metastasis (p<0.005). The effect of TNP-470 was evaluated with in vitro and in vivo experiments using human colon cancer cell line, LM and the highly hepatic metastasis cell line, LM-H5. The effect of TNP-470 on the proliferation of the cancer cells and human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) was examined. TNP-470 inhibited more sensitively the proliferation of HUVECs than cancer cells in vitro. IC50 was approximately 3 pg/ml in HUVECs and approximately 2 microg/ml in cancer cells. The effect of TNP-470 on the growth of xenografts and liver metastases by LM-H5 in nude mice was examined. TNP-470 (30 mg/kg) was administered by subcutaneous injection every third day for 4 weeks. TNP-470 inhibited both the growth of xenograft and the hepatic metastasis. The number of metastatic foci in the liver was 78.2+/-30.1 in the control group and 20.6+/-16.5 in the treated group. These results suggest that TNP-470 is a potent agent to inhibit tumor growth and hepatic metastasis of colon cancer.     

血管生成抑制剂TNP-470对胃癌生长及转移抑制作用的实验研究

目的研究血管生成抑制剂ＴＮＰ－４７０对胃癌生长及转移的抑制作用。方法完整组织块裸鼠胃壁原位种植,建立类似于临床的胃癌转移模型。移植后第１周开始皮下注射ＴＮＰ－４７０,隔天１次,剂量为０ｍｇ／ｋｇ、１５ｍｇ／ｋｇ、３０ｍｇ／ｋｇ、６０ｍｇ／ｋｇ,共用８周。移植后第１０周处死动物,测量肿瘤大小,观察转移情况,以兔抗人Ⅷ因子抗体免疫组化染色检测肿瘤微血管密度。结果ＴＮＰ－４７０对体内胃癌的生长及转移均有抑制作用,ＴＮＰ－４７０剂量为１５ｍｇ／ｋｇ、３０ｍｇ／ｋｇ、６０ｍｇ／ｋｇ的抑瘤率分别为５９．９％、７７．０％和８４．９％,肝转移抑制率分别为５１．３％、８７．８％和８７．８％,腹膜转移抑制率分别为３２．８％、６６．４％和７７．６％。用ＴＮＰ－４７０治疗后,肿瘤的微血管密度明显减少。结论ＴＮＰ－４７０对体内胃癌的生长及转移均有抑制作用。     

腺病毒介导的内皮抑素基因治疗小鼠肺癌

目的 探讨内皮抑素对小鼠肺癌生长和转移的抑制作用及其对肿瘤内部新生血管的影响.方法 在C57BL/6小鼠背部皮下注射2×106 lewis肺癌(LLC)细胞,建立小鼠肺癌种植瘤模型,2周后,瘤内注射2×109 pfu内皮抑素腺病毒载体,观察内皮抑素对肿瘤生长、转移及生存率的影响,检测内皮抑素在肿瘤组织的原位表达和血液循环中的表达水平及持续时间.用免疫组化方法,检测肿瘤内部血管密度,观察治疗对肿瘤血管的影响.用透射电镜观察肿瘤细胞的凋亡情况.结果 免疫组化检测结果显示,内皮抑素蛋白在内皮抑素组的肿瘤组织中呈强阳性表达,而在空载体对照组和阴性对照组中呈阴性表达或很少量表达.用酶联免疫吸附实验(ELISA)法检测内皮抑素组血清内皮抑素浓度,第2周可达1540±560 ng/ml;1个月后,血清内皮抑素浓度降至对照水平.内皮抑素组的肿瘤体积和生存率,与空载体对照和阴性对照组比较,差异有统计学意义(P＜0.05).抗CD31抗体标记的肿瘤内血管密度(MVD)在内皮抑素组、空载体对照组和阴性对照组中,分别为37.5±4.6、65.2±5.8和68.5±4.5个/200倍视野,抗CD105抗体标记的肿瘤内MVD分别为10.5±3.2、39.7±5.6和42.4±4.8个/200倍视野,内皮抑素组与空载体对照组和阴性对照组比较,差异有统计学意义(P＜0.05).内皮抑素组的组织在电镜下呈凋亡相的肿瘤细胞多见.结论 腺病毒介导的内皮抑素基因可在体内高效、较长时间表达内皮抑素蛋白,对小鼠皮下种植瘤有一定的治疗作用,其作用的靶点是抑制新生血管的生成.     

YH-16对宫颈癌Hela细胞及其裸鼠皮下移植瘤作用研究

目的：初步探讨YH-16（重组内皮抑素）对宫颈癌Hela细胞及其荷瘤生长抑制作用及作用机制。方法：用MTY法检测YH-16对Hela细胞生长抑制作用；用透射电镜观察YH-16处理Hela细胞后的凋亡情况、流式细胞仪检测细胞凋亡率及细胞周期；将Hela细胞移植至裸鼠皮下成瘤，观察不同浓度YH-16（0mg／kg、0．4mg／kg、0．75mg／kg和1．5mg／kg）对荷瘤鼠皮下移植瘤生长的影响；TUNEL法观察肿瘤细胞的凋亡；免疫组化方法检测裸鼠移植瘤组织中肿瘤微血管密度（MVD）。结果：YH-16具有体外抑制Hela细胞增殖的作用（P〈0．01）；能诱导Hela细胞凋亡；YH-16能有效抑制裸鼠皮下移植瘤的生长（P〈0.05）；YH-1615mg／kg组的肿瘤MVD计数较对照组和其它治疗组明显降低（P〈0．05）。结论：YH-16具有抑制宫颈癌Hela细胞及其皮下移植瘤生长的作用。     

Experimental study of the effect of angiogenesis inhibitor TNP-470 on the growth and metastasis of gastric cancer in vivo

Objective: To study the effect of angiogenesis inhibitor TNP-470 on the growth and metastasis of gastric cancer in vivo. Methods: Metastatic model simulating human gastric cancer was established by orthotopic implantation of histologically intact tumor tissue into gastric wall of nude mice. TNP-470 was administrated S.C. at doses of 0 mg/kg, 15 mg/kg, 30 mg/kg, 60 mg/kg every other day for eight weeks. Ten weeks after implantation, the mice were sacrificed and the tumor size measured and the presence of metastasis recorded. The microvascular density was examined by immunohistochemical staining with anti-human factor VIII antibody. Results: Compared to the untreated controls, growth of the orthotopically implanted tumor was significantly reduced in size in the mice treated with TNP-470 with an inhibition rate of 59.9%, 77.0% and 84.9% at the dosage of 15 mg/kg, 30 mg/kg and 60 mg/kg, respectively. Tumor metastasis to the liver and peritoneum was also significantly inhibited in a dose-dependent manner. The microvascular density was also decreased significantly in the treated mice. Conclusion: Angiogenesis inhibitor TNP-470 has strong inhibitory effect both on tumor growth and metastasis of human gastric cancer in nude mice.     

Inhibition of B16BL6 tumor progression by coadministration of recombinant angiostatin K1-3 and endostatin genes with cationic liposomes

Transfection of the antiangiogenic angiostatin and endostatin genes was shown to be an alternative to high-dose administration of angiostatin or endostatin proteins for cancer therapy. We have systematically investigated whether coadministration of the mouse angiostatin kringle 1-3 gene (pFLAG-AngioK1/3) and the endostatin gene (pFLAG-Endo) complexed with cationic liposomes exhibits enhanced therapeutic efficacy. In vitro, the coexpressed mixture of angiostatin K1-3 and endostatin more effectively reduced angiogenesis in chorioallantoic membranes than either angiostatin K1-3 or endostatin alone. In vivo, subcutaneous co-administration of pFLAG-AngioK1/3 and pFLAG-Endo lipoplexes more effectively inhibited vascularization in Matrigel plugs implanted in mice than either one alone. Additionally, subcutaneous administration of these genes inhibited the growth and formation of pulmonary metastases of B16BL6 melanoma cells in mice. Compared to treatment with an empty vector, treatment with pFLAG-AngioK1/3 plus pFLAG-Endo inhibited 81% of tumor growth, while treatment with pFLAG-AngioK1/3 or pFLAG-Endo inhibited tumor growth 70 and 69%, respectively. Cotreatment with the two plasmids after primary tumor excision induced a 90% inhibition of pulmonary metastases versus 79% for pFLAG-AngioK1/3 or 80% for pFLAG-Endo individually. These results suggest that combined administration of angiostatin K1-3 and endostatin genes complexed with cationic liposomes may be an innovated antiangiogenic strategy for cancer therapy.